Well-Being, Aging, and Immunity

The Oxford Handbook of Psychoneuroimmunology

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages

  Friedman, Elliot M ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Eudaimonic well being; Hedonic well being; Immunosenescence; Psychological resources; Purpose in life; Social well being; Well being therapy

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923448472     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195394399.013.0003     Document Type: Chapter

References (213)

1. Abraham, J., Campbell, C. Y., Cheema, A., Gluckmen, T. J. Blumenthal, R. S., & Danyi, P. (2007). C-reactive protein in cardiovascular risk assessment: a review of the evidence. Journal of the CardioMetabolic Syndrome, 2(2), 119-123.
2. Ader, R. (Ed.). (2007). Psychoneuroimmunology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
3. Agarwal, S., & Busse, P. J. (2010). Innate and adaptive immunosenescence. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 104(3), 183-190.
4. Aggarwal, B. B., & Gehlot, P. (2009). Inflammation and cancer: how friendly is the relationship for cancer patients? Current Opinions in Pharmacology, 9(4), 351-369.
5. Alley, D. E., Seeman, T. E., Ki, K. J., Karlamangla, A., Hu, P., & Crimmins, E. M. (2006). Socioeconomic status and Creactive protein levels in the US population: NHANES IV. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 20(5), 498-504.
6. Almeida, D. M., Wethington, E., & Kessler, R. C. (2002). The daily inventory of stressful events: an interview-based approach for measuring daily stressors. Assessment 9(1), 41-55.
7. Almeida-Oliveira, A., Smith-Carvalho, M., Porto, L. C., Cardoso-Oliveira, J., Ribeiro Ados, S., Falcao, R. R., et al. (2011). Age-related changes in natural killer cell receptors from childhood through old age. Human Immunology 72(4), 319-329.
8. Andersen, B. L., Farrar, W. B., Goldern-Kreutz, D. M., Glaser, R., Emery, C. F., Crespin, T. R., et al. (2004). Psychological, behavioral, and immune changes after a psychological intervention: A clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 22(17), 3570-3580.
9. Andersen, B. L., Farrar, W. B., Goldern-Kreutz, D. M., Emery, C. F., Glaser, R., Crespin, T. R., et al. (2007). Distress reduction from a psychological intervention contributes to improved health for cancer patients. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 21(7), 953-961.
10. Anderson, G., & Horvath, J. (2004). The growing burden of chronic disease in America. Public Health Report, 119(3), 263-270.
11. Antoni, M. H., Lechner, S., Diaz, A., Vargas, S., Holley, G., Phillips, K., et al. (2009). Cognitive behavioral stress management effects on psychosocial and physiological adaptation in women undergoing treatment for breast cancer. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 23(5), 580-591.
12. Antoni, M. H., Lehman, J. M., Kilbourn, K. M., Boyers, A. E., Cukver, J. L., Alferi, S. M., et al. (2001). Cognitivebehavioral stress management intervention decreases the prevalence of depression and enhances benefit finding among women under treatment for early-stage breast cancer. Health Psychology, 20(1), 20-32.
13. Antoni, M. H., Lutgendorf, S. K., Cole, S. W., Dhabhar, F. S., Sephton, S. E., McDonald, P. G., et al. (2006). The influence of bio-behavioural factors on tumour biology: Pathways and mechanisms. Nature Reviews Cancer, 6(3), 240-248.
14. Antonovsky, A. (1987). Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well. San Francisco:Josey-Bass.
15. Antonovsky, A. (1993). The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale. Social Science Mediciine, 36(6), 725-733.
16. Arias, E., Rostron, B. L., & Tejada-Vera, B. (2010). United States life tables, 2005. National Vital Statistics Report, 58(10), 1-132.
17. Aspinwall, L. G., & Tedeschi, R. G. (2010). The value of positive psychology for health psychology: Progress and pitfalls in examining the relation of positive phenomena to health. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 39(1), 4-15.
18. Bartrop, R. W., Luckhurst, E., Lazarus, L., Kiloh, L. G., & Penny, R. (1977). Depressed lymphocyte function after bereavement. Lancet, 1(8016), 834-836.
19. Bauer, M. E. (2005). Stress, glucocorticoids and ageing of the immune system. Stress 8(1), 69-83.
20. Bauer, M. E. (2008). Chronic stress and immunosenescence: a review. Neuroimmunomodulation, 15(4-6), 241-250.
21. Benca, R. M., & Peterson, M. J. (2008). Insomnia and depression. Sleep Med 9 Suppl 1, S3-9.
22. Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., Seeman, T. E. (2000). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Social Science Medicine, 51(6), 843-857.
23. Blake, G. J., & Ridker, P. M. (2003). C-reactive protein and other inflammatory risk markers in acute coronary syndromes. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 41(4 Suppl S), 37S-42S.
24. Blomberg, B. B., Alvarez, J. P., Diaz, A., Romero, M. G., Lechner, S. C., Carver, C. S., et al. (2009). Psychosocial adaptation and cellular immunity in breast cancer patients in the weeks after surgery: An exploratory study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 67(5), 369-376.
25. Bollinger, T., Bollinger, A., Oster, H., & Solbach, W. (2010). Sleep, immunity, and circadian clocks: a mechanistic model. Gerontology, 56(6), 574-580.
26. Bower, J. E., Kemeny, M. E., Taylor, S. E., & Fahey, J. L. (2003). Finding positive meaning and its association with natural killer cell cytotoxicity among participants in a bereavement-related disclosure intervention. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 25(2), 146-155.
27. Bower, J. E., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2004). Stress management, finding benefit, and immune function: positive mechanisms for intervention effects on physiology. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 56(1), 9-11.
28. Boyle, P. A., Barnes, L. L., Buchman, A. S., & Bennett, D. A. (2009). Purpose in life is associated with mortality among community-dwelling older persons. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71(5), 574-579.
29. Boyle, P. A., Buchman, A. S., Barnes, L. L., & Bennett, D. A. (2010a). Effect of a purpose in life on risk of incident Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older persons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(3), 304-310.
30. Boyle, P. A., Buchman, A. S., Barnes, L. L., & Bennett, D. A. (2010b). Purpose in life is associated with a reduced risk of incident disability among community-dwelling older persons. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(12), 1093-1102.
31. Brim, O. G., Ryff, C. D., & Kessler, R. C., Eds. (2004). How healthy are we? A national study of well-being at midlife. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Mental Health and Human Development. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
32. Buysse, D. J. (2004). Insomnia, depression and aging. Assessing sleep and mood interactions in older adults. Geriatrics, 59(2), 47-51; quiz 52.
33. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., III, Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213.
34. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., III, Monk, T. H., Hoch, C. C., Yeager, A. L., Kupfer, D. J. (1991). Quantification of subjective sleep quality in healthy elderly men and women using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Sleep 14(4), 331-338.
35. Cacioppo, J. T., & Berntson, G. G. (1994). Relationship between attitudes and evaluative space: a critical review with emphasis on the separability of positive and negative substrates. Psychological Bulletin 115(3), 401-423.
36. Cacioppo, J. T., & Berntson, G. G. (1999). The affect system: architecture and operating characteristics. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(5), 133-137.
37. Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Berntson, G. G., Ernst, J. M., Gibbs, A. C., Stickgold, R., et al. (2002a). Do lonely days invade the nights? Potential social modulation of sleep efficiency. Psychological Science, 13(4), 384-387.
38. Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., Crawford, L. E., Ernst, J. M., Burleson, M. H., Kowalewski, R. B., et al. (2002). Loneliness and health: potential mechanisms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(3), 407-417.
39. Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Faris, P., & Patel, K. D. (2007). One year pre-post intervention follow-up of psychological, immune, endocrine and blood pressure outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 21(8), 1038-1049.
40. Chida, Y., & Steptoe, A. (2008). Positive psychological well-being and mortality: A quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70(7), 741-756.
41. Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health. American Psychologist, 59(8), 676-684.
42. Cohen, S., Alper, C. M., Doyle, W. J., Treanor, J. J., & Turner, R. B. (2006). Positive emotional style predicts resistance to illness after experimental exposure to rhinovirus or influenza a virus. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(6), 809-815.
43. Cohen, S., Doyle, W. J., Turner, R. B., Alper, C. M., & Skoner, D. P. (2003). Emotional style and susceptibility to the common cold. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(4), 652-657.
44. Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009). Happiness unpacked: Positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience. Emotion, 9(3), 361-368.
45. Cole, S. W. (2009). Social regulation of human gene expression. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(3), 132-137.
46. Cole, S. W., Hawkley, L. C., Arevaio, J. M., Sunug, C. Y., Rose, R. M., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007). "Social regulation of gene expression in human leukocytes." Genome Biology, 8(9), R189.
47. Cole, S. W., Hawkley, L. C., Arevaio, J. M., Cacioppo, J. T. (2011). Transcript origin analysis identifies anti-genpresenting cells as primary targets of socially regulated gene expression in leukocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 108(7), 3080-3085.
48. Costanzo, E. S., Lutgendorf, S. K., Kohut, M. L., Nisly, N., Rozeboom, K., Spooner, S., et al. (2004). Mood and cytokine response to influenza virus in older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Bioogical Science and Medical Science, 59(12), 1328-1333.
49. Coyne, J. C., Tennen, H., & Ranchor, A. V. (2010). Positive psychology in cancer care: a story line resistant to evidence. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 39(1), 35-42.
50. Dalmida, S., Holstad, M., Diiorio, C., & Laderman, G. (2009). Spiritual well-being, depressive symptoms, and immune status among women living with HIV/AIDS. Womens Health 49(2-3), 119-143.
51. Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkrantz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., et al. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(4), 564-570.
52. Depp, C. A., & Jeste D. V. (2006). Definitions and predictors of successful aging: a comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(1), 6-20.
53. Deuschle, M., Gotthardt, U., Schweiger, U., Weber, B., Korner, A., Schmider, J., et al. (1997). With aging in humans the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system increases and its diurnal amplitude flattens. Life Science, 61(22), 2239-2246.
54. Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3): 542-575.
55. Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
56. Dockray, S., & Steptoe, A. (2010). Positive affect and psychobiological processes. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Review, 35(1), 69-75.
57. Dorshkind, K., Montecino-Rodriguez, E., & Signer, R. A. (2009). The ageing immune system: Is it ever too old to become young again? National Review of Immunology, 9(1), 57-62.
58. Doyle, W. J., Gentile, D. A., & Cohen, S. (2006). Emotional style, nasal cytokines, and illness expression after experimental rhinovirus exposure. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 20(2), 175-181.
59. Effros, R. B. (2009). Kleemeier Award Lecture 2008. The canary in the coal mine: telomeres and human healthspan. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 64A(5), 511-515.
60. Epel, E., Adler, N., Ickovics, J., & McEwen, B. (1999). Social status, anabolic activity, and fat distribution. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 896: 424-426.
61. Epel, E. S., Blackburn, E. H., Lin, J., Dhabhar, F. S., Adler, N. E., Morrow, J. D., et al. (2004). Accelerated telomere shortening in response to life stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 101(49), 17312-17315.
62. Eriksson, M., & Lindstrom, B. (2005). Validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale: a systematic review. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 59(6), 460-466.
63. Fang, C. Y., Reibel, D. K., Longacre, M. L., Rosenzweig, S., Campbell, D. E., & Douglas, S. D. (2010). Enhanced psychosocial well-being following participation in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program is associated with increased natural killer cell activity. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 16(5), 531-538.
64. Fava, G. A. (1999). Well-being therapy: Conceptual and technical issues. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 68(4), 171-179.
65. Fava, G. A., Rafanelli, C., Cazzaro, M., Conti, S., & Grandi, S. (1998). Well-being therapy. A novel psychotherapeutic approach for residual symptoms of affective disorders. Psychological Medicine, 28(2), 475-480.
66. Fava, G. A., Rafanelli, C., Grandi, S., Conti, S., & Belluardo, P. (1998). Prevention of recurrent depression with cognitive behavioral therapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 816-821.
67. Fava, G. A., & Ruini, C. (2003). Development and characteristics of a well-being enhancing psychotherapeutic strategy: Well-being therapy. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 34(1), 45-63.
68. Fava, G. A., Ruini, C., Rafanelli, C., Finos, L., Conti, S., & Grandi, S. (2004). Six-year outcome of cognitive behavior therapy for prevention of recurrent depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(10), 1872-1876.
69. Fava, G. A., Ruini, C., Rafanelli, C., Finos, L., Salmaso, L., Mangelli, L., et al. (2005). Well-being therapy of Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 74(1), 26-30.
70. Fava, G. A., Ruini, C., & Belaise, C. (2007). The concept of recovery in major depression. Psychological Medicine, 37(3), 307-317.
71. Felten, D. L., Felten, S. Y., Bellinger, D. L., Carlson, S. L., Ackerman, K. D., Madden, K. S., et al. (1987). Noradrenergic sympathetic neural interactions with the immune system: structure and function. Immunology Review, 100, 225-260.
72. Fischer Aggarwal, B. A., Liao, M., & Mosca, L. (2008). Physical activity as a potential mechanism through which social support may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 23(2), 90-96.
73. Ford, E. S., Loucks, E. B., & Berkman, L. F. (2006). Social integration and concentrations of C-reactive protein among US adults. Annals of Epidemiology, 16(2), 78-84.
74. Franceschi, C., Capri, M., Monti, D., Giunta, S., Olivieri, F., Sevini, F., et al. (2007). Inflammaging and an-tiinflammaging:A systemic perspective on aging and longevity emerged from studies in humans. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 128(1), 92-105.
75. Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226.
76. Fredrickson, B. L., Tugade, M. M., Waugh, C. E., & Larkin, G. R. (2003). What good are positive emotions in crises? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th, 2001. Journals of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 365-376.
77. Friedman, E. M. (2011). Sleep quality, social well-being, gender, and inflammation: an integrative analysis in a national sample. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1231, 23-34.
78. Friedman, E. M., Hayney, M. S., Love, G. D., Urry, H. L., Rosenkranz, M. A., Davidson, R. J., et al. (2005). Social relationships, sleep quality, and interleukin-6 in aging women. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 102(51), 18757-18762.
79. Friedman, E. M., Hayney, M., Love, G. D., Singer, B. H., & Ryff, C. D. (2007). Plasma interleukin-6 and soluble IL-6 receptors are associated with psychological well-being in aging women. Health Psychology, 26(3), 305-313.
80. Friedman, E. M., & P. Herd (2010). Income, education, and inflammation: differential associations in a national probability sample (The MIDUS study). Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(3), 290-300.
81. Friedman, E., Love, G., Singer, B. H., & Ryff, C. D. (2008). Social well-being predicts reduced inflammation in aging women. Gerontologist, 48(Special Issue III), 291.
82. Friedman, E. M., & Irwin, M. R. (1995). A role for CRH and the sympathetic nervous system in stress-induced immunosuppression. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 771, 396-418.
83. Friedman, E., & Ryff, C. D. (2012). Living well with medical comorbidities: A biopsychosocial perspective. Journals of Gerontology, Series B, Psychological and Social Sciences. Published online, February 29, 2012.
84. George, L. K. (2010). Still happy after all these years: research frontiers on subjective well-being in later life. Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 65B(3), 331-339.
85. Gerstorf, D., Ram, N., Mayrez, G., Hidajat, M., Lindenberger, U., Wagner, G. G., et al. (2010). Late-life decline in well-being across adulthood in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States: Something is seriously wrong at the end of life. Psychology of Aging, 25(2): 477-485.
86. Glaser, R., Sheridan, J., Malarkey, W. B., MacCallum, R. C., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (2000). Chronic stress modulates the immune response to a pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine. Psychosomatic Medicine, 62(6): 804-807.
87. Goldsby, R. A., Kindt, T. J., & Osborne, B. A. (2006). Kuby Immunology. New York: W.H. Freeman.
88. Gouin, J. P., Hantsoo, L., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (2008). Immune dysregulation and chronic stress among older adults: a review. Neuroimmunomodulation, 15(4-6), 251-259.
89. Graham, J. E., Christian, L. M., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (2006). Stress, age, and immune function: toward a life span approach. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(4), 389-400.
90. Gruenewald, T. L., Cohen, S., Matthews, K. A., Tracy, R., & Seeman, T. E. (2009). Association of socioeconomic status with inflammation markers in black and white men and women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Social Science Medicine, 69, 451-459.
91. Hale, L. (2005). Who has time to sleep? Journal of Public Health, 27(2), 205-211.
92. Hannoun, C., Megas, F., & Piercy, J. (2004). Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of influenza vaccination. Virus Research, 103(1-2): 133-138.
93. Hansel, A., Hong, S., Camara, R. J., & von Kanel, R. (2010). Inflammation as a psychophysiological biomarker in chronic psychosocial stress. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35(1), 115-121.
94. Hayney, M. S., Love, G. D., Buck, J. M., Ryff, C. D., Singer, B. H., & Muller, D. (2003). The association between psychological factors and vaccine-induced cytokine production. Vaccine, 21, 2428-2432.
95. Heaney, J. L., Phillips, A. C. & Carroll, D. (2010). Ageing, depression, anxiety, social support and the diurnal rhythm and awakening response of salivary cortisol. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 78(3): 201-208.
96. Heron, M. (2007). Deaths: Leading causes for 2004. National Vital Statistics Report, 56(5), 1-95.
97. House, J. S., Landis, K. R., & Umberson, D. (1988). Social relationships and health. Science, 241(4865), 540-545.
98. Howren, M. B., Lamkin, D. M., & Suls, J. (2009). Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71(2), 171-186.
99. Ickovics, J. R., Milan, S., Boland, R. Schoenbaum, E., Schuman, P., & Vlahov, D. (2006). Psychological resources protect health: 5-year survival and immune function among HIV-infected women from four US cities. AIDS, 20(14), 1851-1860.
100. Ironson, G., & Hayward, H. (2008). Do positive psychosocial factors predict disease progression in HIV-1? A review of the evidence. Psychosomatic Medicone, 70(5), 546-554.
101. Irwin, M. (2002). Psychoneuroimmunology of depression: Clinical implications. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 16(1) 1-16.
102. Jacobs, T. L., Epel, E. S., Lin, J., Blackburn, E. H., Wolkowitz, O. M., Bridwell, D. A., et al. (2011). Intensive meditation training, immune cell telomerase activity, and psychological mediators. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36(5), 664-681.
103. Jousilahti, P., Salomaa, V., Rasi, V., Vahtera, E., & Palosuo, T. (2003). Association of markers of systemic inflammation, C reactive protein, serum amyloid A, and fibrinogen, with socioeconomic status. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57(9), 730-733.
104. Kabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., & Burmey, R. (1985). The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8(2), 163-190.
105. Kaszubowska, L. (2008). Telomere shortening and ageing of the immune system. Journal of Physiological Pharmacology, 59 Suppl 9, 169-186.
106. Kelley, K. W., Weigent, D. A., & Kooijman, R. (2007). Protein hormones and immunity. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 21(4), 384-392.
107. Keyes, C. L. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207-222.
108. Khan, N., Shariff, N., Cobbold, M., Bruton, R., Ainsworth, J. A., Sinclair, A. J., et al. (2002). Cytomegalovirus seropositivity drives the CD8 T cell repertoire toward greater clonality in healthy elderly individuals. Journal of Immunology, 169(4), 1984-1992.
109. Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Glaser, R., Shuttleworth, E. C., Dyer, C. S., Ogrocki, P., & Speicher, C. E. (1987). Chronic stress and immunity in family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease victims. Psychosomatic Medicine, 49(5): 523-535.
110. Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Glaser, R., Gravenstein, S., Malarkey, W. B., & Sheridan, J. F. (1996). Chronic stress alters the immune response to influenza virus vaccine in older adults. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 93, 3042-3047.
111. Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Gouin, J. P., & Hantsoo, L. (2010). Close relationships, inflammation, and health. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35(1), 33-38.
112. Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Preacher, K. J., MacCallum, R. C., Atkinson, C., Malarkey, W. B., & Glaser, R. (2003). Chronic stress and age-related increases in the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 100(15), 9090-9095.
113. Kohut, M. L., Arntson, B. A., Lee, W., Rozeboom, K., Yoon, K. J., Cunnick, J. E., et al. (2004). Moderate exercise improves antibody response to influenza immunization in older adults. Vaccine, 22(17-18), 2298-2306.
114. Kohut, M. L., Lee, W., Martin, A., Arnston, B., Russell, D. W., Ekkekakis, P., et al. (2005). The exercise-induced enhancement of influenza immunity is mediated in part by improvements in psychosocial factors in older adults. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 19(4): 357-366.
115. Kohut, M. L., & Senchina, D. S. (2004). Reversing age-associated immunosenescence via exercise. Exercise Immunology Review, 10, 6-41.
116. Koizumi, M., Ito, H., Kaneko, Y., & Motohashi, Y. (2008). Effect of having a sense of purpose in life on the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Epidemiology, 18(5), 191-196.
117. Krause, N. (2009). Meaning in life and mortality." Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64(4): 517-527.
118. Krueger, P. M., & Friedman, E. M. (2009). Sleep duration in the United States: a cross-sectional popula-tion-based study. American J ournal of Epidemiology, 169(9), 1052-1063.
119. Kumari, M., Shipley, M., Stafford, M., & Kivimaki, M. (2011). Association of diurnal patterns in salivary cortisol with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: Findings from the Whitehall II Study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 96(5), 1478-1485.
120. Kunzmann, U., Little, T. D., & Smith, J. (2000). Is age-related stability of subjective well-being a para-dox? Crosssectional and longitudinal evidence from the Berlin Aging Study. Psychology and Aging, 15(3), 511-526.
121. Lang, F. R., & Carstensen, L. L. (2002). Time counts: future time perspective, goals, and social relationships. Psychology and Aging 17(1), 125-139.
122. Larsen, J. T., McGraw, A. P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2001). Can people feel happy and sad at the same time? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(4), 684-696.
123. Leitch, E. F., Chakrabarti, M., Crozier, J. E., McKee, R. F., Anderson, J. H., Horgan, P. G., et al. (2007). Comparison of the prognostic value of selected markers of the systemic inflammatory response in patients with colorectal cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 97(9), 1266-1270.
124. Levy, S. M., Herberman, R. B., Lippman, M., D'Angelo, T., & Lee, J. (1991). Immunological and psychosocial predictors of disease recurrence in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Behavioral Medicine, 17(2), 67-75.
125. Loucks, E. B., Berkman, L. F., Gruenewald, T. L., & Seeman, T. E. (2005). Social integration is associated with fibrinogen concentration in elderly men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(3), 353-358.
126. Loucks, E. B., Berkman, L. F., Gruenewald, T. L., & Seeman, T. E. (2006). Relation of social integration to inflammatory marker concentrations in men and women 70 to 79 years. American Journal of Cardiology, 97(7): 1010-1016.
127. Loucks, E. B., Pilote, L., Lynch, J. W., Richard, H., Almeida, N. D., Benjamin, E. J., et al. (2010). Life course socioeconomic position is associated with inflammatory markers: The Framingham Offspring Study. Social Science and Medicine, 71(1), 187-195.
128. Lutgendorf, S. K. (2009). Positive affect and radiation-induced inflammation: insights into inflammatory regulation? Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 23(8), 1066-1067.
129. Lutgendorf, S. K., Vitaliano, P. P., Buckwalter, K. C., Reimer, T. T., Hong, S. Y., Lubaroff, D. M. (1999). Sense of coherence moderates the relationship between life stress and natural killer cell activity in healthy older adults. Psychology and Aging, 14(4), 552-563.
130. Marucha, P. T., Crespin, T. R., Shelby, R. A., & Andersen, B. L. (2005). TNF-[alpha] levels in cancer patients relate to social variables. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 19(6), 521-525.
131. McElhaney, J. E., & Effros, R. B. (2009). Immunosenescence: what does it mean to health outcomes in older adults? Current Opinions in Immunology, 21(4), 418-424.
132. McGregor, B. A., Antoni, M. H., Boyers, A., Alferi, S. M., Blomberg, B. B., & Carver, C. S. (2004). Cognitive-behavioral stress management increases benefit finding and immune function among women with early-stage breast cancer. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 56(1), 1-8.
133. McHorney, C. A., Ware, J. E., Jr., Lu, J. F., & Sherbourne, C. D. (1994). The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): III. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups. Medical Care, 32(1), 40-66.
134. McLaughlin, S. J., Connell, C. M., Heeringa, S. G., Li, L. W., & Roberts, J. S. (2010). Successful aging in the United States: prevalence estimates from a national sample of older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series B:Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 65B(2): 216-226.
135. Mocchegiani, E., & Malavolta, M. (2004). NK and NKT cell functions in immunosenescence. Aging Cell 3(4), 177-184.
136. Montross, L. P., Depp, C., Daly, J., Reichstadt, J., Golshan, S., Moore, D., et al. (2006). Correlates of self-rated successful aging among community-dwelling older adults. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(1), 43-51.
137. Morozink, J. A., Friedman, E. M., Coe, C. L., & Ryff, C. D. (2010). Socioeconomic and psychosocial predictors of interleukin-6 in the MIDUS national sample. Health Psychology, 29(6), 626-635.
138. Motl, R. W., & McAuley, E. (2010). Physical activity, disability, and quality of life in older adults. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 21(2), 299-308.
139. Moynihan, J. A., Larson, M. R., Treanor, J., Duberstein, P. R., Power, A., Shore, B., et al. (2004). Psychosocial factors and the response to influenza vaccination in older adults. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66(6), 950-953.
140. Mroczek, D. K., & Spiro, A., III (2005). Change in life satisfaction during adulthood: Findings from the veterans affairs normative aging study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(1), 189-202.
141. Murata, C., Yatsuya, H., Tamakoshi, K., Otsuka, R., Wada, K., & Toyoshima, H. (2007). Psychological factors and insomnia among male civil servants in Japan. Sleep Medicine, 8(3), 209-214.
142. Nordin, M., Knutsson, A., & Sundbom, E. (2008). Is disturbed sleep a mediator in the association between social support and myocardial infarction? Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 55-64.
143. Norris, C. J., Gollan, J., Berntson, G. G., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). The current status of research on the structure of evaluative space. Biological Psychology, 84(3), 422-436.
144. O'Connor, M. F., & Irwin, M. R. (2010). Links between behavioral factors and inflammation. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 87(4): 479-482.
145. O'Donovan, A., Lin, J., Dhabhar, F. S., Wolkowitz, O., Tillie, J. M., Blackburn, E., et al. (2009). Pessimism correlates with leukocyte telomere shortness and elevated interleukin-6 in post-menopausal women. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 23(4), 446-449.
146. Ohayon, M. M. (2002). Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 6(2): 97-111.
147. Ohayon, M. M., Carskadon, M. A., Guilleminault, C., & Vitiello, M. V. (2004). Meta-analysis of quantitative sleep parameters from childhood to old age in healthy individuals: developing normative sleep values across the human life span. Sleep, 27(7): 1255-1273.
148. Ong, A. D. & Allaire, J. C. (2005). Cardiovascular intraindividual variability in later life: the influence of social connectedness and positive emotions. Psychology of Aging, 20(3), 476-485.
149. Ong, A. D., Fuller-Rowell, T. E., Bonanno, G. A., & Almeida, D. M. (2011). Spousal loss predicts alterations in diurnal cortisol activity through prospective changes in positive emotion. Health Psychology, 30(2): 220-227.
150. Otte, C., Hart, S., Neylan, T. C., Marmar, C. R., Yaffe, K., & Mohr, D. C. (2005). A meta-analysis of cortisol response to challenge in human aging: importance of gender. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30(1), 80-91.
151. Owen, N., Poulton, T., Hay, F. C., Mohamed-Ali, V., & Steptoe, A. (2003). Socioeconomic status, C-reactive protein, immune factors, and responses to acute mental stress. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 17(4), 286-295.
152. Panda, A., Arjona, A., Sapey, E., Bai, F., Fikrig, E., Montgomery, R., et al. (2009). Human innate immunosenescence:causes and consequences for immunity in old age. Trends in Immunology, 30(7), 325-333.
153. Paudel, M. L., Taylor, B. C., Diem, S. J., Stone, K. L., Ancoli-Israel, S., Redline, S., et al. (2008). Association between depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances in community-dwelling older men. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 56(7), 1228-1235.
154. Pawelec, G., Derhovanessian, E., Larbi, A., Strindhall, J., & Wikby, A. (2009). Cytomegalovirus and human immunosenescence. Review of Medical Virology, 19(1), 47-56.
155. Pfister, G., & Savino, W. (2008). Can the immune system still be efficient in the elderly? An immunological and immunoendocrine therapeutic perspective. Neuroimmunomodulation, 15(4-6), 351-364.
156. Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Burns, V. E., Ring, C., Macleod, J., & Drayson, M. (2006). Bereavement and marriage are associated with antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 20(3), 279-289.
157. Poon, L. W., Clayton, G. M., Clayton, G. M., Messner, S., Noble, C. A., & Johnson, M. A. (1992). The Georgia Centenarian Study. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 34(1), 1-17.
158. Prather, A. A., Marsland, A. L., Muldoon, M. F., & Manuck, S. B. (2007). Positive affective style covaries with stimulated IL-6 and IL-10 production in a middle-aged community sample. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 21(8), 1033-1037.
159. Pressman, S. D., & Cohen, S. (2005). Does positive affect influence health? Psychology Bulletin, 131(6), 925-971.
160. Pressman, S. D., Cohen, S., Miller, G. E., Barkin, A., Rabin, B. S., & Treanor, J. J. (2005). Loneliness, social network size, and immune response to influenza vaccination in college freshmen. Health Psychology, 24(3), 297-306.
161. Ranjit, N., Diez-Roux, A. V., Shea, S., Cushman, M., Ni, H., & Seeman, T. (2007). Socioeconomic position, race/ethnicity, and inflammation in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circulation, 116(21), 2383-2390.
162. Raulet, D. H., & Guerra, N. (2009). Oncogenic stress sensed by the immune system: role of natural killer cell receptors. National Review of Immunology, 9(8), 568-580.
163. Reichstadt, J., Sengupta, G., Depp, C. A., Palinkas, L. A., & Jeste, D. V. (2010). Older adults' perspectives on successful aging: qualitative interviews. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(7), 567-575.
164. Rosenkranz, M. A., Jackson, D. C., Dalton, K. M., Dolski, I. Ryff, C. D., Singer, B. H., et al. (2003). Affective style and in vivo immune response: neurobehavioral mechanisms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 100(19), 11148-11152.
165. Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1987). Human aging: Usual and successful. Science, 237(4811), 143-149.
166. Roy, B., Diez-Roux, A. V., Seeman, T., Ranjit, N., Shea, S., & Cushman, M. (2010). Association of Optimism and Pessimism With Inflammation and Hemostasis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(2), 134-140.
167. Ruini, C., Belaise, C., Brombin, C., Caffo, E., & Fava, G. A. (2006). Well-being therapy in school settings: A pilot study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75(6), 331-336.
168. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.
169. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
170. Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it?: Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
171. Ryff, C. D., Dienberg Love, G., Urry, H. L., Muller, D., Rosenkranz, M. A., Friedman, E. M., et al. (2006). Psychological well-being and ill-being: Do they have distinct or mirrored biological correlates? Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75(2), 85-95.
172. Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
173. Scheibe, S., & Carstensen, L. L. (2010). Emotional aging: recent findings and future trends. Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 65B(2), 135-144.
174. Schleifer, S. J., Keller, S. E., Camerino, M., Thornton, J. C., & Stein, M. (1983). Suppression of Lymphocyte Stimulation Following Bereavement. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 250(3): 374-377.
175. Schrack, J. A., Simonsick, E. M., & Ferrucci, L. (2010). The energetic pathway to mobility loss: an emerging new framework for longitudinal studies on aging. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 58 Suppl 2, S329-336.
176. Seeman, T. E., Berkman, L. F., Charpentier, P. A., Blazer, D. G., Albert, M. S., & Tinetti, M. E. (1995). Behavioral and psychosocial predictors of physical performance: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Journal of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 50(4): M177-183.
177. Senchina, D. S., & Kohut, M. L. (2007). Immunological outcomes of exercise in older adults. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2(1): 3-16.
178. Sepah, S. C., & Bower, J. E. (2009). Positive affect and inflammation during radiation treatment for breast and prostate cancer. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 23(8), 1068-1072.
179. Sephton, S. E., Sapolsky, R. M., Kraemer, H. C., & Spiegel, D. (2000). Diurnal cortisol rhythm as a predictor of breast cancer survival. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 92(12): 994-1000.
180. Shiffman, S., Stone, A. A., & Hufford, M. R. (2008). Ecological momentary assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4, 1-32.
181. Simpson, R. J., & Guy, K. (2010). Coupling aging immunity with a sedentary lifestyle: Has the damage already been done? A Mini-Review. Gerontology, 56(5), 449-458.
182. Snowdon, D. A. (1997). Aging and Alzheimer's disease: Lessons from the Nun Study. Gerontologist, 37(2), 150-156.
183. Spiegel, D., Bloom, J. R., Kraemer, H. C., & Gottheil, E. (1989). Effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Lancet, 2(8668), 888-891.
184. Springer, K. W., Pudrovska, T., & Hauser, R. M. (2011). Does psychological well-being change with age?:Longitudinal tests of age variations and further exploration of the multidimensionality of Ryff's model of psychological well-being. Social Science Research, 40(1), 392-398.
185. Staras, S. A., Dollard, S. C., Radford, K. W., Flanders, W. D., Pass, R. F., & Cannon, M. J. (2006). Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in the United States, 1988-1994. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 43(9), 1143-1151.
186. Stefanek, M. E., Palmer, S. C., Thombs, B. D., & Coyne, J. C. (2009). Finding what is not there: Unwarranted claims of an effect of psychosocial intervention on recurrence and survival. Cancer, 115(24), 5612-5616.
187. Steptoe, A., O'Donnell, K., Badrick, E., Kumari, M., & Marmot, M. (2008). Neuroendocrine and inflammatory factors associated with positive affect in healthy men and women: The Whitehall II Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 167(1), 96-102.
188. Steptoe, A., O'Donnell, K., Marmot, M., & Wardle, J. (2008a). Positive affect and psychosocial processes related to health. British Journal of Psychology, 99(Pt 2), 211-227.
189. Steptoe, A., O'Donnell, K., Marmot, M., & Wardle, J. (2008b). Positive affect, psychological well-being, and good sleep. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 64(4), 409-415.
190. Steptoe, A., Owen, N., Kunz-Ebrecht, S. R., & Brydon, L. (2004). Loneliness and neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory stress responses in middle-aged men and women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 29(5), 593-611.
191. Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., & Marmot, M. (2005). Positive affect and health-related neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory processes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 102(18), 6508-6512.
192. Strawbridge, W. J., Wallhagen, M. I., & Cohen, R. D. (2002). Successful aging and well-being: self-rated compared with Rowe and Kahn. Gerontologist, 42(6), 727-733.
193. Taylor, S. E. (1983). Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation. American Psychologist., 38(11), 1161-1173.
194. Thompson, W. W., Shay, D. K., Weintraub, E., Brammer, L., Cox, N., Anderson, L. J., et al. (2003). Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289(2), 179-186.
195. ThyagaRajan, S., Madden, K. S., Teruya, B., Stevens, S. Y., Felten, D. L., & Bellinger, D. L. (2011). Age-associated alterations in sympathetic noradrenergic innervation of primary and secondary lymphoid organs in female Fischer 344 rats. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 233(1), 54-64.
196. Troxel, W. M., Buysse, D. J., Hall, M., & Matthews, K. A. (2009). Marital happiness and sleep disturbances in a multiethnic sample of middle-aged women. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 7(1), 2-19.
197. Tsigos, C., & Chrousos, G. P. (2002). Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroendocrine factors and stress. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(4), 865-871.
198. Tugade, M. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(2), 320-333.
199. Uchino, B. N. (2006). Social support and health: A review of physiological processes potentially underlying links to disease outcomes. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(4), 377-387.
200. Urry, H. L., Nitschke, J. B., Dolski, I., Jackson, D. C., Dalton, K. M., Mueller, C. J., et al. (2004). Making a life worth living: Neural correlates of well-being. Psychological Science, 15(6), 367-372.
201. Van Cauter, E., Leproult, R., & Plat, L. (2000). Age-related changes in slow wave sleep and REM sleep and relationship with growth hormone and cortisol levels in healthy men. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284(7), 861-868.
202. Vedhara, K., Cox, N. K., Wilcox, G. K., Perks, P., Hunt, M., Anderson, S., et al. (1999). Chronic stress in elderly carers of dementia patients and antibody response to influenza vaccination. Lancet, 353(9153), 627-631.
203. Vogeli, C., Shields, A. E., Lee, T. A., Gibson, T. B., Marder, W. D., Weiss, K. B., et al. (2007). Multiple chronic conditions: Prevalence, health consequences, and implications for quality, care management, and costs. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22 Suppl 3, 391-395.
204. Von Ah, D., Kang, D. H., & Carpenter, J. S. (2007). Stress, optimism, and social support: Impact on immune responses in breast cancer. Research in Nursing and Health, 30(1), 72-83.
205. Wang, C., Bannuru, R., Ramel, J., Kupelnick, B., Scott, T., & Schmid, C. H. (2010). Tai Chi on psychological wellbeing:Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 10, 23.
206. Ware, J. E., Jr., & Sherbourne C. D. (1992). The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care, 30(6), 473-483.
207. Waterman, A. S. (1993). Two conceptions of happiness: contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(4), 678-691.
208. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
209. Watson, D., Weber, K., Assenheimer, J. S., Clark, L. A., Strauss, M. E., & McCormick, R. A. (1995). Testing a tripartite model: I. Evaluating the convergent and discriminant validity of anxiety and depression symptom scales. J Abnormal Psychology, 104(1), 3-14.
210. Weiskopf, D., Weinberger, B., & Grubeck-Loebenstein, B. (2009). The aging of the immune system. Transplant International, 22(11), 1041-1050.
211. Witek-Janusek, L., Albuquerque, K., Chroniak, C., Durazo-Arvizu, R., & Mathews, H. L. (2008). Effect of mindfulness based stress reduction on immune function, quality of life and coping in women newly diagnosed with early stage breast cancer. Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 22(6), 969-981.
212. Woods, J. A., Keylock, K. T., Lowder, K. T., Vieira, V. J., Zelkovich, W., Dumich, S., et al.et al. (2009). Cardiovascular exercise training extends influenza vaccine seroprotection in sedentary older adults: the immune function intervention trial. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 57(12), 2183-2191.
213. Zamai, L., Ponti, C., Mirandola, P., Gobbi, G., Papa, S., Galeotti, L., et al. (2007). NK cells and cancer. Journal of Immunology 178(7), 4011-4016.