Protein ingestion to stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis requires greater relative protein intakes in healthy older versus younger men

Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 57-62

  Moore, Daniel R ^a   Churchward Venne, Tyler A ^b   Witard, Oliver ^c   Breen, Leigh ^d   Burd, Nicholas A ^e   Tipton, Kevin D ^c   Phillips, Stuart M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Anabolic resistance; Dietary protein; Human; Protein synthesis; Skeletal muscle

Indexed keywords

MUSCLE PROTEIN; PROTEIN INTAKE;

ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGING; ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; BIOSYNTHESIS; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; EATING; HUMAN; MALE; METABOLISM; MUSCLE FIBRIL; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; ORGAN SIZE; PATHOLOGY; PHARMACOKINETICS; PROTEIN INTAKE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SARCOPENIA; SKELETAL MUSCLE; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; DIETARY PROTEINS; EATING; HUMANS; MALE; MUSCLE PROTEINS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; MYOFIBRILS; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; ORGAN SIZE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SARCOPENIA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84922419012     PISSN: 10795006     EISSN: 1758535X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu103     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Moore DR, Tang JE, Burd NA, Rerecich T, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Differential stimulation of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis with protein ingestion at rest and after resistance exercise. J Physiol. 2009;587(Pt 4):897-904. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.164087
2. Yang Y, Breen L, Burd NA et al. Resistance exercise enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis with graded intakes of whey protein in older men. Br J Nutr. 2012;1-9. doi:10.1017/S0007114511007422.
3. Rennie MJ, Wackerhage H, Spangenburg EE, Booth FW. Control of the size of the human muscle mass. Annu Rev Physiol. 2004;66:799-828.
4. Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14:542-559. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.021.
5. Breen L, Stokes KA, Churchward-Venne TA, et al. Two weeks of reduced activity decreases leg lean mass and induces "anabolic resistance" of myofibrillar protein synthesis in healthy elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98:2604-2612. doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1502
6. Burd NA, West DW, Moore DR, et al. Enhanced amino acid sensitivity of myofibrillar protein synthesis persists for up to 24 h after resistance exercise in young men. J Nutr. 2011;141:568-573. doi:10.3945/ jn.110.135038.
7. Churchward-Venne TA, Burd NA, Mitchell CJ, et al. Supplementation of a suboptimal protein dose with leucine or essential amino acids: effects on myofibrillar protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in men. J Physiol. 2012;590(Pt 11):2751-2765. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.228833
8. Witard OC, Jackman SR, Breen L, Smith K, Selby A, Tipton KD. Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;99:86-95. doi:10.3945/ ajcn.112.055517
9. Paddon-Jones D, Rasmussen BB. Dietary protein recommendations and the prevention of sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009;12:86-90. doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cef8b
10. Phillips SM, Tang JE, Moore DR. The role of milk- and soybased protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. J Am Coll Nutr. 2009;28:343-354.
11. Volpi E, Kobayashi H, Sheffield-Moore M, Mittendorfer B, Wolfe RR. Essential amino acids are primarily responsible for the amino acid stimulation of muscle protein anabolism in healthy elderly adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:250-258.
12. Greenhaff PL, Karagounis LG, Peirce N, et al. Disassociation between the effects of amino acids and insulin on signaling, ubiquitin ligases, and protein turnover in human muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008;295:E595-E604. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90411.2008
13. Staples AW, Burd NA, West DW, et al. Carbohydrate does not augment exercise-induced protein accretion versus protein alone. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43:1154-1161. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31820751cb
14. Cuthbertson D, Smith K, Babraj J, et al. Anabolic signaling deficits underlie amino acid resistance of wasting, aging muscle. FASEB J. 2005;19:422-424.
15. Baumann PQ, Stirewalt WS, O'Rourke BD, Howard D, Nair KS. Precursor pools of protein synthesis: a stable isotope study in a swine model. Am J Physiol. 1994;267(2 Pt 1):E203-E209.
16. Burd NA, West DW, Rerecich T, Prior T, Baker SK, Phillips SM. Validation of a single biopsy approach and bolus protein feeding to determine myofibrillar protein synthesis in stable isotope tracer studies in humans. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011;8:15. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-15.
17. Burd NA, Pennings B, Groen BB, Gijsen AP, Senden JM, van Loon LJ. The single biopsy approach is reliable for the measurement of muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in older men. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2012;113:896-902. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00513.2012
18. Humayun MA, Elango R, Ball RO, Pencharz PB. Reevaluation of the protein requirement in young men with the indicator amino acid oxidation technique. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:995-1002.
19. Morley JE, Abbatecola AM, Argiles JM, et al.; Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders Trialist Workshop. Sarcopenia with limited mobility: an international consensus. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011;12:403-409. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.014.
20. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, et al.; European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010;39:412-423. doi:10.1093/ageing/afq034
21. Paddon-Jones D, Short KR, Campbell WW, Volpi E, Wolfe RR. Role of dietary protein in the sarcopenia of aging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:1562S-1566S.
22. Volpi E, Campbell WW, Dwyer JT, et al. Is the optimal level of protein intake for older adults greater than the recommended dietary allowance? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68:677-681. doi:10.1093/gerona/gls229
23. Volpi E, Sheffield-Moore M, Rasmussen BB, Wolfe RR. Basal muscle amino acid kinetics and protein synthesis in healthy young and older men. JAMA. 2001;286:1206-1212.
24. Symons TB, Schutzler SE, Cocke TL, Chinkes DL, Wolfe RR, Paddon-Jones D. Aging does not impair the anabolic response to a protein-rich meal. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:451-456.
25. Chevalier S, Goulet ED, Burgos SA, Wykes LJ, Morais JA. Protein anabolic responses to a fed steady state in healthy aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011;66:681-688. doi:10.1093/gerona/glr036
26. Katsanos CS, Kobayashi H, Sheffield-Moore M, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR. A high proportion of leucine is required for optimal stimulation of the rate of muscle protein synthesis by essential amino acids in the elderly. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;291:E381-E387.
27. Katsanos CS, Kobayashi H, Sheffield-Moore M, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR. Aging is associated with diminished accretion of muscle proteins after the ingestion of a small bolus of essential amino acids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:1065-1073.
28. Timmerman KL, Lee JL, Fujita S, et al. Pharmacological vasodilation improves insulin-stimulated muscle protein anabolism but not glucose utilization in older adults. Diabetes. 2010;59:2764-2771. doi:10.2337/db10-0415
29. Walrand S, Guillet C, Salles J, Cano N, Boirie Y. Physiopathological mechanism of sarcopenia. Clin Geriatr Med. 2011;27:365-385. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2011.03.005.
30. Volpi E, Mittendorfer B, Wolf SE, Wolfe RR. Oral amino acids stimulate muscle protein anabolism in the elderly despite higher first-pass splanchnic extraction. Am J Physiol. 1999;277(3 Pt 1):E513-E520.
31. Houston DK, Nicklas BJ, Ding J, et al.; Health ABC Study. Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community- dwelling adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:150-155.
32. Tieland M, Borgonjen-Van den Berg KJ, van Loon LJ, de Groot LC. Dietary protein intake in community-dwelling, frail, and institutionalized elderly people: scope for improvement. Eur J Nutr. 2012;51:173-179. doi:10.1007/s00394-011-0203-6
33. Mamerow MM, Mettler JA, English KL, et al. Dietary Protein Distribution Positively Influences 24-h Muscle Protein Synthesis in Healthy Adults. J Nutr. 2014;144:876-880. doi:10.3945/ jn.113.185280
34. Campbell WW, Trappe TA, Wolfe RR, Evans WJ. The recommended dietary allowance for protein may not be adequate for older people to maintain skeletal muscle. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56:M373-M380.
35. Timmerman KL, Dhanani S, Glynn EL, et al. A moderate acute increase in physical activity enhances nutritive flow and the muscle protein anabolic response to mixed nutrient intake in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95:1403-1412. doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.020800
36. Tang JE, Moore DR, Kujbida GW, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009;107:987-992. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00076.2009
37. Pennings B, Boirie Y, Senden JM, Gijsen AP, Kuipers H, van Loon LJ. Whey protein stimulates postprandial muscle protein accretion more effectively than do casein and casein hydrolysate in older men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93:997-1005. doi:10.3945/ ajcn.110.008102
38. Drummond MJ, Dickinson JM, Fry CS, et al. Bed rest impairs skeletal muscle amino acid transporter expression, mTORC1 signaling, and protein synthesis in response to essential amino acids in older adults. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012;302:E1113-E1122. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00603.2011
39. Glover EI, Phillips SM, Oates BR, et al. Immobilization induces anabolic resistance in human myofibrillar protein synthesis with low and high dose amino acid infusion. J Physiol. 2008;586(Pt 24):6049-6061. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.160333
40. Yang Y, Churchward-Venne TA, Burd NA, Breen L, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM. Myofibrillar protein synthesis following ingestion of soy protein isolate at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012;9:57. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-57