Metal Catalyst for Low-Temperature Growth of Controlled Zinc Oxide Nanowires on Arbitrary Substrates

Scientific Reports

Volumn 4, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Kim, Baek Hyun ^a   Kwon, Jae W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84921737441     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep04379     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Prete, P. Nanowires. (Intech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2010).
2. Sattler, K. D. Handbook of nanophysics: nanotubes and nanowires. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2010).
3. Wang, Z. L. Nanowires and nanobelts: materials, properties and devices. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 2013).
4. Litton, C. W., Reynolds, D. C. & Collins, T. C. Zinc oxide materials for electronic and optoelectronic device applications. (John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken, NJ, 2011).
5. Look, D. C., Claflin, B., Alivov, Y. I. & Park, S. J. The future of ZnO light emitters. Phys. Status Solidi A 201, 2203-2212 (2004).
6. Li, M. et al. The research on suspended ZnO nanowire field-effect transistor. Chin. Phys. B 18, 1594-1597 (2009).
7. Sun, B. Q. & Sirringhaus, H. Surface tension and fluid flow driven self-assembly of ordered ZnO nanorod films for high-performance field effect transistors. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 16231-16237 (2006).
8. Ju, S. Y. et al. Fabrication of fully transparent nanowire transistors for transparent and flexible electronics. Nature Nanotech. 2, 378-384 (2007).
9. Hsu, C. L. & Tsai, T. Y. Fabrication of fully transparent indium-doped ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors on ITO/glass substrates. J. Electrochem. Soc. 158, K20-K23 (2011).
10. Ko, S. H. et al. Nanoforest of hydrothermally grown hierarchical ZnO nanowires for a high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell. Nano Lett. 11, 666-671 (2011).
11. Tian, B. Z. et al. Coaxial silicon nanowires as solar cells and nanoelectronic power sources. Nature 449, 885-890 (2007).
12. Yang, X. et al. Nitrogen-doped ZnO nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nano Lett. 9, 2331-2336 (2009).
13. Kong, Y. C. et al. Ultraviolet-emitting ZnO nanowires synthesized by a physical vapor deposition approach. Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 407-409 (2001).
14. Chang, P. C. et al. ZnO nanowires synthesized by vapor trapping CVD method. Chem. Mater. 16, 5133-5137 (2004).
15. Zheng, M. J., Zhang, L. D. & Shen, W. Z. Fabrication and optical properties of large-scale uniform zinc oxide nanowire arrays by one-step electrochemical deposition technique. Chem. Phys. Lett. 363, 123-128 (2002).
16. Greene, L. E. et al. Low-temperature wafer-scale production of ZnO nanowire arrays. Angew. Chem. 42, 3031-3034 (2003).
17. Xu, S. et al. Patterned growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanowire arrays on inorganic substrates at low temperature without catalyst. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 14958-14959 (2008).
18. Joo, J. et al. Face-selective electrostatic control of hydrothermal zinc oxide nanowire synthesis. Nature Mater. 10, 596-601 (2011).
19. Yeo, J. et al. Rapid, one-step, digital selective growth of ZnO nanowires on 3D structures using laser induced hydrothermal growth. Adv. Funct. Mater. 23, 3316-3323 (2013).
20. Park, H. H. et al. Position-controlled hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods on arbitrary substrates with patterned seed layer via ultraviolet-assisted nanoimprint lithography. CrystEngComm. 15, 3463-3469 (2013).
21. He, Y. et al. Crystal-plane dependent of critical concentration for nucleation on hydrothermal ZnO nanowires. J. Phys. Chem. C 117, 1197-1203 (2013).
22. Zhu, R., Zhang,W., Li, C. & Yang, R. Uniform zinc oxide nanowires arrays grown on nanoepitaxial surface with general orientation control. Nano Lett. 13, 5171-5176 (2013).
23. Zheng, Z. et al. General route to ZnO nanorod arrays on conducting substrates via galvanic-cell-based approach. Sci. Rep. 3, 2434 (2013).
24. Greene, L. E. et al. General route to vertical ZnO nanowire arrays using textured ZnO seeds. Nano Lett. 5, 1231-1236 (2005).
25. Liu, J. et al. Ultrathin seed-layer for tuning density of ZnO nanowire arrays and their field emission characteristics. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 11685-11690 (2008).
26. Öztekin, N., Alemdar, A., Güngör, N. & Erim, F. B. Adsorption of polyethylemeimine from aueous solutions on bentonite clays. Mater. Lett. 55, 73-76 (2002).
27. Chen, L. Y., Yin, Y. T., Chen, C. H. & Chiou, J. W. Influence of polyethyleneimine and ammonium on the growth of ZnO nanowires by hydrothermal method. J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 20913-20919 (2011).
28. Puchert, M. K., Timbrell, P. Y. & Lamb, R. N. Postdeposition annealing of radio frequency magnetron sputtered ZnO films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 14, 2220-2230 (1996).
29. Stock, S. R. & Cullity, B. D. Elements of X-ray diffraction . (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001).
30. Zhou, G. et al . Surfactant-assisted synthesis and characterization of silver nanorods and nanowires by an aqueous solution approach. J. Cryst. Growth 289, 255-259 (2006).
31. Villars, P. & Calvert, L. D. Pearson's handbook of crystallographic data for intermetallic phases. (American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, 1985).
32. 2 Backbone Nanowires: Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Preparation and Optical Properties. ACS Nano 3, 3069 (2009).
33. Fortuna, S. A. & Li, X. Metal-catalyzed semiconductor nanowires: a review on the control of growth directions. Semicon. Sci. Technol. 25, 024005 (2010).
34. Lupan, O. et al. Effects of annealing on properties of ZnO thin film prepared electrochemical deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 256, 1895-1907 (2010).
35. Nefedov, V. I., Salyn, Y. V., Leonhardt, G. & Scheibe, R. A comparison of different spectrometers and charge corrections used in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 10, 121-124 (1977).
36. Kawase, K. et al. XPS Study of H-Terminated Silicon Surface under Inert Gas and UHV Annealing. J. Electrochem. Soc. 152, G163-G167 (2005).
37. 6 microwave plasma etching of polymers. J. Appl. Phys. 67, 4291 (1990).
38. Salaneck, W. R., Paton, A. & Clark, D. T. Double mass transfer during polymerpolymer contacts. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 144 (1976).
39. Zhang, Y. et al. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of ZnO films grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. J. Cryst. Growth 252, 180 (2003).
40. Li, H. et al. Influence of annealing on ZnO films grown bymetal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Mater. Lett. 58, 3630 (2004).
41. Core, G. E. B. et al. Characterization of pure ZnO thin films prepared by a direct photochemical method. J. NonCryst. Solids 352, 4088-4092 (2006).
42. Shin, M. H. et al. Effect of doping elements on ZnO etching characteristics with CH4/H2/Ar plasma. Thin Solid Films 515, 4950-4954 (2007).
43. Lupan, O. et al. Synthesis and characterization of Ag- or Sb-doped ZnO nanorods by a facile hydrothermal route. J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 12401-12408 (2010).
44. Duan, L. et al. Enhancement of ultraviolet emissions from ZnO films by Ag doping. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 232110 (2006).
45. Armelao, L., Fabrizio, M., Gialanella, S. & Zordan, F. Sol-gel synthesis and characterisation of ZnO-based nanosystems. Thin Solid Films 394, 90 (2001).
46. Bielmann, M. et al. AgO investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy: Evidence for mixed valence. Phys. Rev. B 65, 235431 (2001).
47. Lide, D. R. & Haynes, W. M. CRC Handbook of chemistry and physics. (CRC press, Boca Raton, FL, 2009).
48. de Rooij, A. The Oxidation of silver by atomic oxygen. ESA Journal 3, 363-382 (1989).
49. Reicho, A., Stierle, A., Costina, I. & Dosch, H. Stranski-Krastanov like oxide growth on Ag(111) at atmospheric oxygen pressures. Surf. Sci. 601, L19-L23 (2007).
50. Kwon, J. W. & Kim, E. S. Fine ZnO Patterning with Controlled Sidewall-Etch Front Slope. J. Microelectromech. Syst., 3, 603-609 (2005).
51. Stumm, W. & Morgan, J. J. Aquatic chemistry. (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 1996).
52. Li, W. J., Shi, E. W., Zhong, W. Z. & Yin, Z. W. Growth mechanism and growth habit of oxide crystals. J. Cryst. Growth 203, 186-196 (1999).
53. Kim, K. S., Jeong, H. J., Jeong, M. S. & Jung, G. Y. Polymer-templated hydrothermal growth of vertically aligned single-crystal ZnO nanorods and morphological transformations using structural polarity. Adv. Func. Mater. 20, 3055-3063 (2010).
54. Degen, A. & Kosec, M. Effect of pH and impurities on the surface charge of zinc oxide in aqueous solution. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 20, 667-673 (2000).
55. Stumm, W. Chemistry of the solid-water interface. (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 1992).
56. De Graef, M. & McHenry, M. E. Structure of materials . (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2007).