메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 251-258

Septic encephalopathy: Does inflammation drive the brain crazy?

Author keywords

Acetylcholine; Amines; GABA; Inflammation; Sepsis associated encephalopathy

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; AMINE; CYTOKINE;

EID: 84906043208     PISSN: 15164446     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1233     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (67)

References (111)
  • 1
    • 0029115513 scopus 로고
    • Long-term survival and function after suspected gram-negative sepsis
    • Perl TM, Dvorak L, Hwang T, Wenzel RP. Long-term survival and function after suspected gram-negative sepsis. JAMA. 1995; 274:338-45
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 338-345
    • Perl, T.M.1    Dvorak, L.2    Hwang, T.3    Wenzel, R.P.4
  • 2
    • 0031003777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnitude and duration of the effect of sepsis on survival
    • Department of Veterans Affairs Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Studies Group
    • Quartin AA, Schein RM, Kett DH, Peduzzi PN. Magnitude and duration of the effect of sepsis on survival. Department of Veterans Affairs Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Studies Group. JAMA. 1997;277:1058-63
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 1058-1063
    • Quartin, A.A.1    Schein, R.M.2    Kett, D.H.3    Peduzzi, P.N.4
  • 3
    • 0034958947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care
    • Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1303-10
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1303-1310
    • Angus, D.C.1    Linde-Zwirble, W.T.2    Lidicker, J.3    Clermont, G.4    Carcillo, J.5    Pinsky, M.R.6
  • 4
    • 78049351929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term cognitive impairment and functional disability among survivors of severe sepsis
    • Iwashyna TJ, Ely EW, Smith DM, Langa KM. Long-term cognitive impairment and functional disability among survivors of severe sepsis. JAMA. 2010;304:1787-94
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.304 , pp. 1787-1794
    • Iwashyna, T.J.1    Ely, E.W.2    Smith, D.M.3    Langa, K.M.4
  • 6
    • 34247146479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel inhibitory peptide of Toll-like receptor signaling limitslipopolysaccharide-induced production of inflammatory mediators andenhances survival in mice
    • Tsung A, McCoy SL, Klune JR, Geller DA, Billiar TR, Hefeneider SH. A novel inhibitory peptide of Toll-like receptor signaling limitslipopolysaccharide-induced production of inflammatory mediators andenhances survival in mice. Shock. 2007;27:364-9
    • (2007) Shock , vol.27 , pp. 364-369
    • Tsung, A.1    McCoy, S.L.2    Klune, J.R.3    Geller, D.A.4    Billiar, T.R.5    Hefeneider, S.H.6
  • 7
    • 84867427919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensing of microbial molecular patterns by tolllike receptors
    • Song DH, Lee JO. Sensing of microbial molecular patterns by tolllike receptors. Immunol Rev. 2012;250:216-29
    • (2012) Immunol Rev , vol.250 , pp. 216-229
    • Song, D.H.1    Lee, J.O.2
  • 8
    • 0025321926 scopus 로고
    • Impact of encephalopathy on mortality in the sepsis syndrome
    • The Veterans Administration Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Study Group
    • Sprung CL, Peduzzi PN, Shatney CH, Schein RM, Wilson MF, Sheagren JN, et al. Impact of encephalopathy on mortality in the sepsis syndrome. The Veterans Administration Systemic Sepsis Cooperative Study Group. Crit Care Med. 1990;18:801-6
    • (1990) Crit Care Med , vol.18 , pp. 801-806
    • Sprung, C.L.1    Peduzzi, P.N.2    Shatney, C.H.3    Schein, R.M.4    Wilson, M.F.5    Sheagren, J.N.6
  • 10
    • 77956408491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the brain electrical activity in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy
    • Kafa IM, Bakirci S, Uysal M, Kurt MA. Alterations in the brain electrical activity in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Brain Res. 2010;1354:217-26
    • (2010) Brain Res , vol.1354 , pp. 217-226
    • Kafa, I.M.1    Bakirci, S.2    Uysal, M.3    Kurt, M.A.4
  • 12
    • 0037834561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in clinical neurosciences: Sepsisassociated encephalopathy: Evolving concepts
    • Wilson JX, Young GB. Progress in clinical neurosciences: sepsisassociated encephalopathy: evolving concepts. Can J Neurol Sci. 2003;30:98-105
    • (2003) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.30 , pp. 98-105
    • Wilson, J.X.1    Young, G.B.2
  • 14
    • 0032795197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological sequelae and impaired health status in survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Hopkins RO, Weaver LK, Pope D, Orme JF, Bigler ED, Larson-Lohr V. Neuropsychological sequelae and impaired health status in survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160:50-6
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 50-56
    • Hopkins, R.O.1    Weaver, L.K.2    Pope, D.3    Orme, J.F.4    Bigler, E.D.5    Larson-Lohr, V.6
  • 15
    • 0033710233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term healthrelated quality of life in survivors of sepsis. Short Form 36: A valid and reliable measure of health-related quality of life
    • Heyland DK, Hopman W, Coo H, Tranmer J, McColl MA. Long-term healthrelated quality of life in survivors of sepsis. Short Form 36: a valid and reliable measure of health-related quality of life. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:3599-605
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 3599-3605
    • Heyland, D.K.1    Hopman, W.2    Coo, H.3    Tranmer, J.4    McColl, M.A.5
  • 17
    • 1842443443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of life of survivors from severe sepsis and septic shock may be similar to that of others who survive critical illness
    • Granja C, Dias C, Costa-Pereira A, Sarmento A. Quality of life of survivors from severe sepsis and septic shock may be similar to that of others who survive critical illness. Crit Care. 2004;8: R91-8
    • (2004) Crit Care , vol.8
    • Granja, C.1    Dias, C.2    Costa-Pereira, A.3    Sarmento, A.4
  • 18
    • 11144338746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research issues in the evaluation of cognitive impairment in intensive care unit survivors
    • Jackson JC, Gordon SM, Ely EW, Burger C, Hopkins RO. Research issues in the evaluation of cognitive impairment in intensive care unit survivors. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30:2009-16
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2009-2016
    • Jackson, J.C.1    Gordon, S.M.2    Ely, E.W.3    Burger, C.4    Hopkins, R.O.5
  • 19
    • 15844376025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients' recollectionsof experiences in the intensive care unit may affect their quality of life
    • Granja C, Lopes A, Moreira S, Dias C, Costa-Pereira A, Carneiro A, et al. Patients' recollectionsof experiences in the intensive care unit may affect their quality of life. Crit Care. 2005;9:R96-109
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9
    • Granja, C.1    Lopes, A.2    Moreira, S.3    Dias, C.4    Costa-Pereira, A.5    Carneiro, A.6
  • 21
    • 15844375661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term sequelae of critical illness: Memories and health-related quality of life
    • Hough CL, Curtis JR. Long-term sequelae of critical illness: memories and health-related quality of life. Crit Care. 2005;9:145-6
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , pp. 145-146
    • Hough, C.L.1    Curtis, J.R.2
  • 22
    • 34548231032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis, oxidative stress, and brain injury
    • Hopkins RO. Sepsis, oxidative stress, and brain injury. Crit Care Med. 2007;35:2233-4
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 2233-2234
    • Hopkins, R.O.1
  • 23
    • 11144320742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical identification of cognitive impairment in ICU survivors: Insights for intensivists
    • Gordon SM, Jackson JC, Ely EW, Burger C, Hopkins RO. Clinical identification of cognitive impairment in ICU survivors: insights for intensivists. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30:1997-2008
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 1997-2008
    • Gordon, S.M.1    Jackson, J.C.2    Ely, E.W.3    Burger, C.4    Hopkins, R.O.5
  • 24
    • 77449084057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic infection and delirium: When cytokines and acetylcholine collide
    • van Gool WA, van de Beek D, Eikelenboom P. Systemic infection and delirium: when cytokines and acetylcholine collide. Lancet. 2010;375:773-5
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 773-775
    • van Gool, W.A.1    van de Beek, D.2    Eikelenboom, P.3
  • 25
    • 34548042275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenomics of neuroimmune interactions in human psychiatric disorders
    • Licinio J, Mastronardi C, Wong M. Pharmacogenomics of neuroimmune interactions in human psychiatric disorders. Exp Physiol. 2008;92:807-11
    • (2008) Exp Physiol , vol.92 , pp. 807-811
    • Licinio, J.1    Mastronardi, C.2    Wong, M.3
  • 27
    • 10744222951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis of neurons in cardiovascular autonomic centres triggered by inducible nitric oxide synthase after death from septic shock
    • Sharshar T, Gray F, Lorin de la Grandmaison G, Hopkinson NS, Ross E, Dorandeu A, et al. Apoptosis of neurons in cardiovascular autonomic centres triggered by inducible nitric oxide synthase after death from septic shock. Lancet. 2003;362:1799-805
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 1799-1805
    • Sharshar, T.1    Gray, F.2    de la Grandmaison, L.G.3    Hopkinson, N.S.4    Ross, E.5    Dorandeu, A.6
  • 28
    • 70449678686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NOS2 gene deficiency protects from sepsisinduced long-term cognitive deficits
    • Weberpals M, Hermes M, Hermann S, Kummer MP, Terwel D, Semmler A, et al. NOS2 gene deficiency protects from sepsisinduced long-term cognitive deficits. J Neurosci. 2009;29:14177-84
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 14177-14184
    • Weberpals, M.1    Hermes, M.2    Hermann, S.3    Kummer, M.P.4    Terwel, D.5    Semmler, A.6
  • 29
    • 59349100950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic infection and inflammation in acute cns injury and chronic neurodegeneration: Underlying mechanisms
    • Teeling JL, Perry VH. Systemic infection and inflammation in acute cns injury and chronic neurodegeneration: underlying mechanisms. Neuroscience. 2009;158:1062-73
    • (2009) Neuroscience , vol.158 , pp. 1062-1073
    • Teeling, J.L.1    Perry, V.H.2
  • 32
    • 0034695168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural and humoral pathways of communication from the immune system to the brain: Parallel or convergent?
    • Dantzer R, Konsman JP, Bluthe RM, Kelley KW. Neural and humoral pathways of communication from the immune system to the brain: parallel or convergent? Auton Neurosci. 2000;85:60-5
    • (2000) Auton Neurosci , vol.85 , pp. 60-65
    • Dantzer, R.1    Konsman, J.P.2    Bluthe, R.M.3    Kelley, K.W.4
  • 33
    • 80053258292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of delirium in elderly: A hospital-based study
    • Khurana V, Gambhir IS, Kishore D. Evaluation of delirium in elderly: a hospital-based study. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2011;11:467-73
    • (2011) Geriatr Gerontol Int , vol.11 , pp. 467-473
    • Khurana, V.1    Gambhir, I.S.2    Kishore, D.3
  • 34
    • 0032533325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of vagal afferents after intravenous injection of interleukin-1beta: Role of endogenous prostaglandins
    • Ek M, Kurosawa M, Lundeberg T, Ericsson A. Activation of vagal afferents after intravenous injection of interleukin-1beta: role of endogenous prostaglandins. J Neurosci. 1998;18:9471-79
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 9471-9479
    • Ek, M.1    Kurosawa, M.2    Lundeberg, T.3    Ericsson, A.4
  • 35
    • 0034352483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behaviour: A study with interleukin-1 type I receptor-deficient mice
    • Bluthe RM, Laye S, Michaud B, Combe C, Dantzer R, Parnet P. Role of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behaviour: a study with interleukin-1 type I receptor-deficient mice. Eur J Neurosci. 2000; 12:4447-56
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 4447-4456
    • Bluthe, R.M.1    Laye, S.2    Michaud, B.3    Combe, C.4    Dantzer, R.5    Parnet, P.6
  • 36
    • 0033830170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of IL-6 in cytokineinduced sickness behavior: A study with IL-6 deficient mice
    • Bluthe RM, Michaud B, Poli V, Dantzer R. Role of IL-6 in cytokineinduced sickness behavior: a study with IL-6 deficient mice. Physiol Behav. 2000;70:367-73
    • (2000) Physiol Behav , vol.70 , pp. 367-373
    • Bluthe, R.M.1    Michaud, B.2    Poli, V.3    Dantzer, R.4
  • 37
    • 0033836856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating interleukin-6 mediates the febrile response to localized inflammation in rats
    • Cartmell T, Poole S, Turnbull AV, Rothwell NJ, Luheshi GN. Circulating interleukin-6 mediates the febrile response to localized inflammation in rats. J Physiol. 2000;526:653-61
    • (2000) J Physiol , vol.526 , pp. 653-661
    • Cartmell, T.1    Poole, S.2    Turnbull, A.V.3    Rothwell, N.J.4    Luheshi, G.N.5
  • 38
    • 0034522486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of interleukin-1 receptors: Getting the message
    • Konsman JP, Blond D, Vigues S. Neurobiology of interleukin-1 receptors: getting the message. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2000;11: 699-702
    • (2000) Eur Cytokine Netw , vol.11 , pp. 699-702
    • Konsman, J.P.1    Blond, D.2    Vigues, S.3
  • 40
    • 3242722725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin-induced changes in human working and declarative memory associate with cleavage of plasma "readthrough" acetylcholinesterase
    • Cohen O, Reichenberg A, Perry C, Ginzberg D, Pollmacher T, Soreq H, et al. Endotoxin-induced changes in human working and declarative memory associate with cleavage of plasma "readthrough" acetylcholinesterase. J Mol Neurosci. 2003;21:199-212
    • (2003) J Mol Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 199-212
    • Cohen, O.1    Reichenberg, A.2    Perry, C.3    Ginzberg, D.4    Pollmacher, T.5    Soreq, H.6
  • 43
    • 79952080511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels at admission as predictors of duration of acute brain dysfunction in critically ill patients
    • McGrane S, Girard TD, Thompson JL, Shintani AK, Woodworth A, Ely W, et al. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels at admission as predictors of duration of acute brain dysfunction in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2011;15:R78
    • (2011) Crit Care , vol.15
    • McGrane, S.1    Girard, T.D.2    Thompson, J.L.3    Shintani, A.K.4    Woodworth, A.5    Ely, W.6
  • 46
    • 77950385315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity in sepsis-associated encephalopathy studied by acetazolamide test
    • Szatmári S, Végh T, Csomós A, Hallay J, Takács I, Molnár C, et al. Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity in sepsis-associated encephalopathy studied by acetazolamide test. Crit Care. 2010;14:R50
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Szatmári, S.1    Végh, T.2    Csomós, A.3    Hallay, J.4    Takács, I.5    Molnár, C.6
  • 47
    • 84874648949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between endothelial dysfunction and acute brain dysfunction during critical illness
    • Hughes CG, Morandi A, Girard TD, Riedel B, Thompson JL, Shintani AK, et al. Association between endothelial dysfunction and acute brain dysfunction during critical illness. Anesthesiology. 2013;118:631-9
    • (2013) Anesthesiology , vol.118 , pp. 631-639
    • Hughes, C.G.1    Morandi, A.2    Girard, T.D.3    Riedel, B.4    Thompson, J.L.5    Shintani, A.K.6
  • 49
    • 29244463365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier
    • Abbott NJ, Rönnbäck L, Hansson E. Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7:41-53
    • (2006) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 41-53
    • Abbott, N.J.1    Rönnbäck, L.2    Hansson, E.3
  • 50
    • 34548738187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolving paradigm for blood cell-endothelial cell interactions in the cerebral microcirculation
    • Gavins F, Yilmaz G, Granger DN. The evolving paradigm for blood cell-endothelial cell interactions in the cerebral microcirculation. Microcirculation. 2007;14:667-81
    • (2007) Microcirculation , vol.14 , pp. 667-681
    • Gavins, F.1    Yilmaz, G.2    Granger, D.N.3
  • 51
    • 77954923610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral microcirculation is impaired during sepsis: An experimental study
    • Taccone FS, Su F, Pierrakos C, He X, James S, Dewitte O, et al. Cerebral microcirculation is impaired during sepsis: an experimental study. Crit Care. 2010;14:R140
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Taccone, F.S.1    Su, F.2    Pierrakos, C.3    He, X.4    James, S.5    Dewitte, O.6
  • 52
    • 79958772442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RhoA and NF-kB are involved in lipopolysaccharideinduced brain microvascular cell line hyperpermeability
    • He F, Peng J, Deng XL, Yang LF, Wu LW, Zhang CL, et al. RhoA and NF-kB are involved in lipopolysaccharideinduced brain microvascular cell line hyperpermeability. Neuroscience. 2011;188: 35-47
    • (2011) Neuroscience , vol.188 , pp. 35-47
    • He, F.1    Peng, J.2    Deng, X.L.3    Yang, L.F.4    Wu, L.W.5    Zhang, C.L.6
  • 53
    • 0037834561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Evolving concepts
    • Wilson JX, Young GB. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: evolving concepts. Can J Neurol Sci. 2003;30:98-105
    • (2003) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.30 , pp. 98-105
    • Wilson, J.X.1    Young, G.B.2
  • 54
    • 0035229403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvascular endothelial dysfunction: A renewed appreciation of sepsis pathophysiology
    • Vincent JL. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction: a renewed appreciation of sepsis pathophysiology. Crit Care. 2001;5:S1-5
    • (2001) Crit Care , vol.5
    • Vincent, J.L.1
  • 55
    • 84880917848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Metalloproteinase-9 Activities are Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Severe Sepsis
    • Dal-Pizzol F, Rojas HA, dos Santos EM, Vuolo F, Constantino L, Feier G, et al. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Metalloproteinase-9 Activities are Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Severe Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol. 2013;48:62-70
    • (2013) Mol Neurobiol , vol.48 , pp. 62-70
    • Dal-Pizzol, F.1    Rojas, H.A.2    dos Santos, E.M.3    Vuolo, F.4    Constantino, L.5    Feier, G.6
  • 57
    • 79953771388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuronspecific enolase, but not S100b, levels are associated to the occurrence of delirium in intensive care unit patients
    • Grandi C, Tomasi CD, Fernandes K, Stertz L, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuronspecific enolase, but not S100b, levels are associated to the occurrence of delirium in intensive care unit patients. J Crit Care. 2011;26:133-7
    • (2011) J Crit Care , vol.26 , pp. 133-137
    • Grandi, C.1    Tomasi, C.D.2    Fernandes, K.3    Stertz, L.4    Kapczinski, F.5    Quevedo, J.6
  • 58
    • 68549116680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine reverses habituation memory impairment observed in sepsis survivors rats
    • Comim CM, Pereira JG, Steckert A, Petronilho F, Barichello T, Quevedo J, et al. Rivastigmine reverses habituation memory impairment observed in sepsis survivors rats. Shock. 2009; 32:270-1
    • (2009) Shock , vol.32 , pp. 270-271
    • Comim, C.M.1    Pereira, J.G.2    Steckert, A.3    Petronilho, F.4    Barichello, T.5    Quevedo, J.6
  • 59
    • 0344701036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathological and biochemical consequences of acute and chronic neuroinflammation within the basal forebrain cholinergic system of rats
    • Willard LB, Hauss-Wegrzyniak B, Wenk GL. Pathological and biochemical consequences of acute and chronic neuroinflammation within the basal forebrain cholinergic system of rats. Neuroscience. 1999;88:193-200
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.88 , pp. 193-200
    • Willard, L.B.1    Hauss-Wegrzyniak, B.2    Wenk, G.L.3
  • 61
    • 0033846277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central nicotinic receptors, neurotrophic factors and neuroprotection
    • Belluardo N, Mudò G, Blum M, Fuxe K. Central nicotinic receptors, neurotrophic factors and neuroprotection. Behav Brain Res. 2000;113:21-34
    • (2000) Behav Brain Res , vol.113 , pp. 21-34
    • Belluardo, N.1    Mudò, G.2    Blum, M.3    Fuxe, K.4
  • 63
    • 0037411828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual effects of nicotine on oxidative stress and neuroprotection in PC12 cells
    • Guan ZZ, Yu WF, Nordberg A. Dual effects of nicotine on oxidative stress and neuroprotection in PC12 cells. Neurochem Int. 2003;43:243-9
    • (2003) Neurochem Int , vol.43 , pp. 243-249
    • Guan, Z.Z.1    Yu, W.F.2    Nordberg, A.3
  • 65
    • 84865645594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands methyllycaconitine, NS6740 and GTS-21 reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-a release from microglia
    • Thomsen MS, Mikkelsen JD. The a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands methyllycaconitine, NS6740 and GTS-21 reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-a release from microglia. J Neuroimmunol. 2012;251:65-72
    • (2012) J Neuroimmunol , vol.251 , pp. 65-72
    • Thomsen, M.S.1    Mikkelsen, J.D.2
  • 66
    • 38049115134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective tryptophan catabolism underlies inflammation in mouse chronic granulomatous disease
    • Romani L, Fallarino F, De Luca A, Montagnoli C, D'Angelo C, Zelante T, et al. Defective tryptophan catabolism underlies inflammation in mouse chronic granulomatous disease. Nature. 2008;451:211-5
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 211-215
    • Romani, L.1    Fallarino, F.2    de Luca, A.3    Montagnoli, C.4    D'Angelo, C.5    Zelante, T.6
  • 67
    • 77949745005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excessive tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway precedesongoing sepsis in critically ill patients
    • Zeden JP, Fusch G, Holtfreter B, Schefold JC, Reinke P, Domanska G, et al. Excessive tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway precedesongoing sepsis in critically ill patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38:307-16
    • (2010) Anaesth Intensive Care , vol.38 , pp. 307-316
    • Zeden, J.P.1    Fusch, G.2    Holtfreter, B.3    Schefold, J.C.4    Reinke, P.5    Domanska, G.6
  • 68
    • 0042731701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline induces expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in murine primary astrocytes and neurons
    • Klotz L, Sastre M, Kreutz A, Gavrilyuk V, Klockgether T, Feinstein DL, et al. Noradrenaline induces expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in murine primary astrocytes and neurons. J Neurochem. 2003;86:907-16
    • (2003) J Neurochem , vol.86 , pp. 907-916
    • Klotz, L.1    Sastre, M.2    Kreutz, A.3    Gavrilyuk, V.4    Klockgether, T.5    Feinstein, D.L.6
  • 69
    • 31544436633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of stress, corticotrophin releasing factor and amygdala plasticity in chronic anxiety
    • Shekhar A, Truitt W, Rainnie D, Sajdyk T. Role of stress, corticotrophin releasing factor and amygdala plasticity in chronic anxiety. Stress. 2005;8:209-19
    • (2005) Stress , vol.8 , pp. 209-219
    • Shekhar, A.1    Truitt, W.2    Rainnie, D.3    Sajdyk, T.4
  • 70
    • 84884786990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitter receptor alterations in hepatic encephalopathy: A review
    • Palomero-Gallagher N, Zilles K. Neurotransmitter receptor alterations in hepatic encephalopathy: a review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013;536:109-21
    • (2013) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.536 , pp. 109-121
    • Palomero-Gallagher, N.1    Zilles, K.2
  • 71
    • 78649474311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rivastigmine as an adjunct to usual care with haloperidol on duration of delirium and mortality in critically ill patients: A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial
    • van Eijk MM, Roes KC, Honing ML, Kuiper MA, Karakus A, van der Jagt M, et al. Effect of rivastigmine as an adjunct to usual care with haloperidol on duration of delirium and mortality in critically ill patients: a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Lancet. 2010;27:376:1829-37
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.27 , Issue.376 , pp. 1829-1837
    • van Eijk, M.M.1    Roes, K.C.2    Honing, M.L.3    Kuiper, M.A.4    Karakus, A.5    van der Jagt, M.6
  • 73
    • 0018677546 scopus 로고
    • Plasma amino acids as predictors of the severity and outcome of sepsis
    • Freund H, Atamian S, Holroyde J, Fischer JE. Plasma amino acids as predictors of the severity and outcome of sepsis. Ann Surg. 1979;190:571-6
    • (1979) Ann Surg , vol.190 , pp. 571-576
    • Freund, H.1    Atamian, S.2    Holroyde, J.3    Fischer, J.E.4
  • 74
    • 0034067548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large neutral amino acid changes and delirium in febrile elderly medical patients
    • Flacker JM, Lipsitz LA. Large neutral amino acid changes and delirium in febrile elderly medical patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55:B249-52
    • (2000) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci , vol.55
    • Flacker, J.M.1    Lipsitz, L.A.2
  • 76
    • 84857589102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of PREDELIRIC (PREdiction of DELIRium in ICu patients) delirium prediction model for intensive care patients: Observational multicentre study
    • van den Boogaard M, Pickkers P, Slooter AJ, Kuiper MA, Spronk PE, van der Voort PH, et al. Development and validation of PREDELIRIC (PREdiction of DELIRium in ICu patients) delirium prediction model for intensive care patients: observational multicentre study. BMJ. 2012;344:e420
    • (2012) BMJ , vol.344
    • van den Boogaard, M.1    Pickkers, P.2    Slooter, A.J.3    Kuiper, M.A.4    Spronk, P.E.5    van der Voort, P.H.6
  • 77
    • 84871622094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of clonidine, as alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, on inflammatory response and postischemic endothelium function during early reperfusion in healthy volunteers
    • Gourdin M, Dubois P, Mullier F, Chatelain B, Dogné JM, Marchandise B, et al. The effect of clonidine, as alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, on inflammatory response and postischemic endothelium function during early reperfusion in healthy volunteers. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012;60:553-60
    • (2012) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.60 , pp. 553-560
    • Gourdin, M.1    Dubois, P.2    Mullier, F.3    Chatelain, B.4    Dogné, J.M.5    Marchandise, B.6
  • 78
    • 0031215191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of alpha-2 adrenergic mechanisms in experimental analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a benzamide derivative
    • Jugé M, Grimaud N, Petit JY. Involvement of alpha-2 adrenergic mechanisms in experimental analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a benzamide derivative. Pharmacol Res. 1997;36:179-85
    • (1997) Pharmacol Res , vol.36 , pp. 179-185
    • Jugé, M.1    Grimaud, N.2    Petit, J.Y.3
  • 79
    • 4444249923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic agents modify cerebral edema and microvessel ultrastructure in porcine sepsis
    • Moss RF, Parmar NK, Tihe D, Davies DC. Adrenergic agents modify cerebral edema and microvessel ultrastructure in porcine sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:1916-21
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 1916-1921
    • Moss, R.F.1    Parmar, N.K.2    Tihe, D.3    Davies, D.C.4
  • 80
    • 77953076612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of dexmdetomidine versus lorazepam on outcome outcome in patients with sepsis: An a prioridesigned analysis of the MENDS randomized controlled trial
    • Pandharipande PP, Sanders RD, Girard TD, McGrane S, Thompson JL, Shintani AK, et al. Effect of dexmdetomidine versus lorazepam on outcome outcome in patients with sepsis: an a prioridesigned analysis of the MENDS randomized controlled trial. Crit Care. 2010;14:R38
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Pandharipande, P.P.1    Sanders, R.D.2    Girard, T.D.3    McGrane, S.4    Thompson, J.L.5    Shintani, A.K.6
  • 81
    • 0348109489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of benzodiazepine receptors in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases: Evidence from activated microglial cells in vitro
    • Wilms H, Claasen J, Röhl C, Sievers J, Deuschl G, Lucius R. Involvement of benzodiazepine receptors in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases: evidence from activated microglial cells in vitro. Neurobiol Dis. 2003;14:417-24
    • (2003) Neurobiol Dis , vol.14 , pp. 417-424
    • Wilms, H.1    Claasen, J.2    Röhl, C.3    Sievers, J.4    Deuschl, G.5    Lucius, R.6
  • 82
    • 79958839936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midazolam suppresses interleukin-1binduced interleukin-6 release from rat glial cells
    • Tanabe K, Kozawa O, Iida H. Midazolam suppresses interleukin-1binduced interleukin-6 release from rat glial cells. J Neuroinflammation. 2011;8:68
    • (2011) J Neuroinflammation , vol.8 , pp. 68
    • Tanabe, K.1    Kozawa, O.2    Iida, H.3
  • 84
    • 25144435958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic inflammation induces apoptosis with variable vulnerability of different brain regions
    • Semmler A, Okulla T, Sastre M, Dumitrescu-Ozimek L, Heneka MT. Systemic inflammation induces apoptosis with variable vulnerability of different brain regions. J Chem Neuroanat. 2005;30:144-57
    • (2005) J Chem Neuroanat , vol.30 , pp. 144-157
    • Semmler, A.1    Okulla, T.2    Sastre, M.3    Dumitrescu-Ozimek, L.4    Heneka, M.T.5
  • 86
    • 0042433479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic hypothesis of age and Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive deficits: Recent challenges and their implications for novel drug development
    • Terry AV Jr, Buccafusco JJ. The cholinergic hypothesis of age and Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive deficits: recent challenges and their implications for novel drug development. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;306:821-7
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.306 , pp. 821-827
    • Terry Jr., A.V.1    Buccafusco, J.J.2
  • 87
    • 0030967157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of microglia in the brains of humans with heart disease and hypercholesterolemic rabbits
    • Streit WJ, Sparks DL. Activation of microglia in the brains of humans with heart disease and hypercholesterolemic rabbits. J Mol Med (Berl). 1997;75:130-8
    • (1997) J Mol Med (Berl) , vol.75 , pp. 130-138
    • Streit, W.J.1    Sparks, D.L.2
  • 88
    • 0026757818 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase reactivity in the frontal cortex of human and monkey: Contribution of AChE-rich pyramidal neurons
    • Mrzljak L, Goldman-Rakic PS. Acetylcholinesterase reactivity in the frontal cortex of human and monkey: contribution of AChE-rich pyramidal neurons. J Comp Neurol. 1992;324:261-81
    • (1992) J Comp Neurol , vol.324 , pp. 261-281
    • Mrzljak, L.1    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.2
  • 89
    • 0029166516 scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic regulation of acetylcholine release in rat frontal cortex
    • Hirano H, Day J, Fibiger HC. Serotonergic regulation of acetylcholine release in rat frontal cortex. J Neurochem. 1995;65:1139-45
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.65 , pp. 1139-1145
    • Hirano, H.1    Day, J.2    Fibiger, H.C.3
  • 91
    • 0030917421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nature of interactions involving prefrontal and striatal dopamine systems
    • Wilkinson LS. The nature of interactions involving prefrontal and striatal dopamine systems. J Psychopharmacol. 1997;11:143-50
    • (1997) J Psychopharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 143-150
    • Wilkinson, L.S.1
  • 93
    • 15044361698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The serotonin syndrome
    • Boyer EW, Shannon M. The serotonin syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1112-20
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 1112-1120
    • Boyer, E.W.1    Shannon, M.2
  • 95
    • 77949469569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral net exchange of large neutral amino acids afterlipopolysaccharide infusion in healthy humans
    • Berg RM, Taudorf S, Bailey DM, Lundby C, Larsen FS, Pedersen BK, et al. Cerebral net exchange of large neutral amino acids afterlipopolysaccharide infusion in healthy humans. Crit Care. 2010;14:R16
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14
    • Berg, R.M.1    Taudorf, S.2    Bailey, D.M.3    Lundby, C.4    Larsen, F.S.5    Pedersen, B.K.6
  • 96
    • 0018092021 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid derangements in patients with sepsis: Treatment with branched chain amino acid rich infusions
    • Freund HR, Ryan JA Jr, Fischer JE. Amino acid derangements in patients with sepsis: treatment with branched chain amino acid rich infusions. Ann Surg. 1978;188:423-30
    • (1978) Ann Surg , vol.188 , pp. 423-430
    • Freund, H.R.1    Ryan Jr., J.A.2    Fischer, J.E.3
  • 97
    • 84857590567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism with acute brain dysfunction during critical illness
    • Adams Wilson JR, Morandi A, Girard TD, Thompson JL, Boomershine CS, Shintani AK, et al. The association of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism with acute brain dysfunction during critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:835-41
    • (2012) Crit Care Med , vol.40 , pp. 835-841
    • Adams, W.J.R.1    Morandi, A.2    Girard, T.D.3    Thompson, J.L.4    Boomershine, C.S.5    Shintani, A.K.6
  • 98
    • 74949100313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of antipsychotics for intensive care unit delirium: The MIND randomized, placebocontrolled trial
    • Girard TD, Pandharipande PP, Carson SS, Schmidt GA, Wright PE, Canonico AE, et al. Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of antipsychotics for intensive care unit delirium: the MIND randomized, placebocontrolled trial. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:428-37
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 428-437
    • Girard, T.D.1    Pandharipande, P.P.2    Carson, S.S.3    Schmidt, G.A.4    Wright, P.E.5    Canonico, A.E.6
  • 99
    • 69749086682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors limit neuroinflammation in rat cortex following a systemic inflammatory challenge: Implications for depression and neurodegeneration
    • O'Sullivan JB, Ryan KM, Curtin NM, Harkin A, Connor TJ. Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors limit neuroinflammation in rat cortex following a systemic inflammatory challenge: implications for depression and neurodegeneration. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009;12:687-99
    • (2009) Int J Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.12 , pp. 687-699
    • O'Sullivan, J.B.1    Ryan, K.M.2    Curtin, N.M.3    Harkin, A.4    Connor, T.J.5
  • 101
    • 79955780432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-adrenergic receptor antagonism prevents anxiety-like behavior and microglial reactivity induced by repeated social defeat
    • Wohleb ES, Hanke ML, Corona AW, Powell ND, Stiner LM, Bailey MT, et al. β-adrenergic receptor antagonism prevents anxiety-like behavior and microglial reactivity induced by repeated social defeat. J Neurosci. 2011;31:6277-88
    • (2011) J Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 6277-6288
    • Wohleb, E.S.1    Hanke, M.L.2    Corona, A.W.3    Powell, N.D.4    Stiner, L.M.5    Bailey, M.T.6
  • 102
    • 78650296101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-adrenoceptor activation depresses brain inflammation and is neuroprotective in lipopolysaccharide-induced sensitization to oxygen-glucose deprivation in organotypic hippocampal slices
    • Markus T, Hansson SR, Cronberg T, Cilio C, Wieloch T, Ley D. β-adrenoceptor activation depresses brain inflammation and is neuroprotective in lipopolysaccharide-induced sensitization to oxygen-glucose deprivation in organotypic hippocampal slices. J Neuroinflammation. 2010;7:94
    • (2010) J Neuroinflammation , vol.7 , pp. 94
    • Markus, T.1    Hansson, S.R.2    Cronberg, T.3    Cilio, C.4    Wieloch, T.5    Ley, D.6
  • 103
    • 77957236760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The b2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol elicits neuroprotective, antiinflammatory and neurotrophic actions in the kainic acid model of excitotoxicity
    • Gleeson LC, Ryan KJ, Griffin EW, Connor TJ, Harkin A. The b2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol elicits neuroprotective, antiinflammatory and neurotrophic actions in the kainic acid model of excitotoxicity. Brain Behav Immun. 2010;24:1354-61
    • (2010) Brain Behav Immun , vol.24 , pp. 1354-1361
    • Gleeson, L.C.1    Ryan, K.J.2    Griffin, E.W.3    Connor, T.J.4    Harkin, A.5
  • 104
    • 0003113774 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety disorders: Pharmacological challenges in anxiety disorders
    • Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ, An official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. New York: Raven Press
    • Price LH, Goddard AW, Barr LC, Godman WK. Anxiety disorders: pharmacological challenges in anxiety disorders. In: Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ. Psychopharmacology: the fourth generation of progress. An official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. New York: Raven Press; 1995. p. 1287-359
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress , pp. 1287-1359
    • Price, L.H.1    Goddard, A.W.2    Barr, L.C.3    Godman, W.K.4
  • 105
    • 84865969873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, neurotransmitters, corticosterone and body-brain integration
    • Mora F, Segovia G, Del Arco A, de Blas M, Garrido P. Stress, neurotransmitters, corticosterone and body-brain integration. Brain Res. 2012;1476:71-85
    • (2012) Brain Res , vol.1476 , pp. 71-85
    • Mora, F.1    Segovia, G.2    Del Arco, A.3    de Blas, M.4    Garrido, P.5
  • 106
    • 84866898987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory deficits induced by inflammation are regulated by a5-subunit-containing GABAA receptors
    • Wang DS, Zurek AA, Lecker I, Yu J, Abramian AM, Avramescu S, et al. Memory deficits induced by inflammation are regulated by a5-subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Cell Rep. 2012;2: 488-96
    • (2012) Cell Rep , vol.2 , pp. 488-496
    • Wang, D.S.1    Zurek, A.A.2    Lecker, I.3    Yu, J.4    Abramian, A.M.5    Avramescu, S.6
  • 107
    • 0030058595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alteration in the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor system in experimentally induced septic shock in rats
    • Kadoi Y, Saito S. An alteration in the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor system in experimentally induced septic shock in rats. Crit Care Med. 1996;24:298-305
    • (1996) Crit Care Med , vol.24 , pp. 298-305
    • Kadoi, Y.1    Saito, S.2
  • 108
    • 0028884702 scopus 로고
    • Augmented sensitivity to benzodiazepine in septic shock rats
    • Komatsubara T, Kadoi Y, Saito S. Augmented sensitivity to benzodiazepine in septic shock rats. Can J Anaesth. 1995;42:937-43
    • (1995) Can J Anaesth , vol.42 , pp. 937-943
    • Komatsubara, T.1    Kadoi, Y.2    Saito, S.3
  • 109
    • 80053382334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deleterious impact of a c-aminobutyric acid type A receptor preferring general anesthetic when used in the presence of persistent inflammation
    • Boegel K, Gyulai FE, Moore KK, Gold MS. Deleterious impact of a c-aminobutyric acid type A receptor preferring general anesthetic when used in the presence of persistent inflammation. Anesthesiology. 2011;115:782-90
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.115 , pp. 782-790
    • Boegel, K.1    Gyulai, F.E.2    Moore, K.K.3    Gold, M.S.4
  • 110
    • 0028281277 scopus 로고
    • Effect of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor activity in thioglycolate-treated mice
    • Matsumoto T, Ogata M, Koga K, Shigematsu A. Effect of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor activity in thioglycolate-treated mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994;38:812-6
    • (1994) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.38 , pp. 812-816
    • Matsumoto, T.1    Ogata, M.2    Koga, K.3    Shigematsu, A.4
  • 111
    • 65649114387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of midazolam on brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Lei B, Popp S, Cottrell JE, Kass IS. Effects of midazolam on brain injury after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2009;21:131-9.
    • (2009) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.21 , pp. 131-139
    • Lei, B.1    Popp, S.2    Cottrell, J.E.3    Kass, I.S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.