메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue JUN, 2014, Pages

CD8 T-cell-mediated protection against liver-stage malaria: Lessons from a mouse model

Author keywords

CD8 T cells; Humans; Memory; Mice; Plasmodium; Protection

Indexed keywords

CD11 ANTIGEN; CD8ALPHA ANTIGEN; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; EPITOPE; FAS LIGAND; GAMMA INTERFERON; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE ACTIVATING PROTEIN; PERFORIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND; VACCINE;

EID: 84905189821     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1664302X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00272     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 84871037616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants
    • doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1208394
    • Agnandji, S. T., Lell, B., Fernandes, J. F., Abossolo, B. P., Methogo, B. G., Kabwende, A. L., et al. (2012). A phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 2284-2295. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1208394
    • (2012) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.367 , pp. 2284-2295
    • Agnandji, S.T.1    Lell, B.2    Fernandes, J.F.3    Abossolo, B.P.4    Methogo, B.G.5    Kabwende, A.L.6
  • 2
    • 45149123776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted deletion of SAP1 abolishes the expression of infectivity factors necessary for successful malaria parasite liver infection
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06271.x
    • Aly, A. S., Mikolajczak, S. A., Rivera, H. S., Camargo, N., Jacobs-Lorena, V., Labaied, M., et al. (2008). Targeted deletion of SAP1 abolishes the expression of infectivity factors necessary for successful malaria parasite liver infection. Mol. Microbiol. 69, 152-163. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06271.x
    • (2008) Mol. Microbiol , vol.69 , pp. 152-163
    • Aly, A.S.1    Mikolajczak, S.A.2    Rivera, H.S.3    Camargo, N.4    Jacobs-Lorena, V.5    Labaied, M.6
  • 3
    • 22544448946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated CD8+ T-cell memory and prime-boost response after dendritic-cell vaccination
    • doi:10.1038/nm1257
    • Badovinac, V. P., Messingham, K. A., Jabbari, A., Haring, J. S., and Harty, J. T. (2005). Accelerated CD8+ T-cell memory and prime-boost response after dendritic-cell vaccination. Nat. Med. 11, 748-756. doi: 10.1038/nm1257
    • (2005) Nat. Med , vol.11 , pp. 748-756
    • Badovinac, V.P.1    Messingham, K.A.2    Jabbari, A.3    Haring, J.S.4    Harty, J.T.5
  • 4
    • 37349119326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of hepatic Plasmodium yoelii merozoites into the pulmonary microvasculature
    • doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030171
    • Baer, K., Klotz, C., Kappe, S. H., Schnieder, T., and Frevert, U. (2007). Release of hepatic Plasmodium yoelii merozoites into the pulmonary microvasculature. PLoS Pathog. 3:e171. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030171
    • (2007) PLoS Pathog , vol.3
    • Baer, K.1    Klotz, C.2    Kappe, S.H.3    Schnieder, T.4    Frevert, U.5
  • 5
    • 33947310115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 2b randomised trial of the candidate malaria vaccines FP9 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP among children in Kenya
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pctr.0010029
    • Bejon, P., Mwacharo, J., Kai, O., Mwangi, T., Milligan, P., Todryk, S., et al. (2006). A phase 2b randomised trial of the candidate malaria vaccines FP9 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP among children in Kenya. PLoS Clin. Trials 1:e29. doi: 10.1371/journal.pctr.0010029
    • (2006) PLoS Clin. Trials , vol.1
    • Bejon, P.1    Mwacharo, J.2    Kai, O.3    Mwangi, T.4    Milligan, P.5    Todryk, S.6
  • 6
    • 40349087409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended follow-up following a phase 2b randomized trial of the candidate malaria vaccines FP9 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP among children in Kenya
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000707
    • Bejon, P., Ogada, E., Mwangi, T., Milligan, P., Lang, T., Fegan, G., et al. (2007). Extended follow-up following a phase 2b randomized trial of the candidate malaria vaccines FP9 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP among children in Kenya. PLoS ONE 2:e707. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000707
    • (2007) PLoS ONE , vol.2
    • Bejon, P.1    Ogada, E.2    Mwangi, T.3    Milligan, P.4    Lang, T.5    Fegan, G.6
  • 7
    • 77951758823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effector pathways regulate memory CD8 T cell immunity against Plasmodium berghei versus P
    • doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0903529
    • Butler, N. S., Schmidt, N. W., and Harty, J. T. (2010). Differential effector pathways regulate memory CD8 T cell immunity against Plasmodium berghei versus P. yoelii sporozoites. J. Immunol. 184, 2528-2538. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903529
    • (2010) yoelii sporozoites. J. Immunol , vol.184 , pp. 2528-2538
    • Butler, N.S.1    Schmidt, N.W.2    Harty, J.T.3
  • 8
    • 79958717556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superior antimalarial immunity after vaccination with late liver stage-arresting genetically attenuated parasites
    • doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.05.008
    • Butler, N. S., Schmidt, N. W., Vaughan, A. M., Aly, A. S., Kappe, S. H., and Harty, J. T. (2011). Superior antimalarial immunity after vaccination with late liver stage-arresting genetically attenuated parasites. Cell Host Microbe 9, 451-462. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.05.008
    • (2011) Cell Host Microbe , vol.9 , pp. 451-462
    • Butler, N.S.1    Schmidt, N.W.2    Vaughan, A.M.3    Aly, A.S.4    Kappe, S.H.5    Harty, J.T.6
  • 9
    • 67349154444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of radiation on the safety and protective efficacy of an attenuated Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite malaria vaccine
    • doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.073
    • Chattopadhyay, R., Conteh, S., Li, M., James, E. R., Epstein, J. E., and Hoffman, S. L. (2009). The effects of radiation on the safety and protective efficacy of an attenuated Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite malaria vaccine. Vaccine 27, 3675-3680. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.073
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 3675-3680
    • Chattopadhyay, R.1    Conteh, S.2    Li, M.3    James, E.R.4    Epstein, J.E.5    Hoffman, S.L.6
  • 10
    • 0015699215 scopus 로고
    • Immunization of man against sporozite-induced falciparum malaria
    • doi:10.1097/00000441-197309000-00002
    • Clyde, D. F., Most, H., Mccarthy, V. C., and Vanderberg, J. P. (1973). Immunization of man against sporozite-induced falciparum malaria. Am. J. Med. Sci. 266, 169-177. doi: 10.1097/00000441-197309000-00002
    • (1973) Am. J. Med. Sci , vol.266 , pp. 169-177
    • Clyde, D.F.1    Most, H.2    Mccarthy, V.C.3    Vanderberg, J.P.4
  • 11
    • 84855372641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine vectors derived from a large collection of simian adenoviruses induce potent cellular immunity across multiple species
    • 115ra112, doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002925
    • Colloca, S., Barnes, E., Folgori, A., Ammendola, V., Capone, S., Cirillo, A., et al. (2012). Vaccine vectors derived from a large collection of simian adenoviruses induce potent cellular immunity across multiple species. Sci. Transl. Med. 4, 115ra112. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002925
    • (2012) Sci. Transl. Med , vol.4
    • Colloca, S.1    Barnes, E.2    Folgori, A.3    Ammendola, V.4    Capone, S.5    Cirillo, A.6
  • 12
    • 33645004304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment
    • doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68383-9
    • Corbett, E. L., Marston, B., Churchyard, G. J., and De Cock, K. M. (2006). Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment. Lancet 367, 926-937. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68383-9
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , pp. 926-937
    • Corbett, E.L.1    Marston, B.2    Churchyard, G.J.3    De Cock, K.M.4
  • 13
    • 19044368580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic control of innate immune responses against cytomegalovirus: MCMV meets its match
    • doi:10.1038/sj.gene.6363938
    • Diosi, P. (2002). Genetic control of innate immune responses against cytomegalovirus: MCMV meets its match. Genes Immun. 3, 501. doi: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363938
    • (2002) Genes Immun , vol.3 , pp. 501
    • Diosi, P.1
  • 14
    • 0033565408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-12 and NK cells are required for antigen-specific adaptive immunity against malaria initiated by CD8+ T cells in the Plasmodium yoelii model
    • Doolan, D. L., and Hoffman, S. L. (1999). IL-12 and NK cells are required for antigen-specific adaptive immunity against malaria initiated by CD8+ T cells in the Plasmodium yoelii model. J. Immunol. 163, 884-892.
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.163 , pp. 884-892
    • Doolan, D.L.1    Hoffman, S.L.2
  • 15
    • 0034254649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complexity of protective immunity against liver-stage malaria
    • doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.3.1453
    • Doolan, D. L., and Hoffman, S. L. (2000). The complexity of protective immunity against liver-stage malaria. J. Immunol. 165, 1453-1462. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.3.1453
    • (2000) J. Immunol , vol.165 , pp. 1453-1462
    • Doolan, D.L.1    Hoffman, S.L.2
  • 16
    • 33749235904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus ankara boost vaccine encoding thrombospondin-related adhesion protein but not circumsporozoite protein partially protects healthy malaria-naive adults against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge
    • doi:10.1128/IAI.00590-06
    • Dunachie, S. J., Walther, M., Epstein, J. E., Keating, S., Berthoud, T., Andrews, L., et al. (2006). A DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus ankara boost vaccine encoding thrombospondin-related adhesion protein but not circumsporozoite protein partially protects healthy malaria-naive adults against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge. Infect. Immun. 74, 5933-5942. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00590-06
    • (2006) Infect. Immun , vol.74 , pp. 5933-5942
    • Dunachie, S.J.1    Walther, M.2    Epstein, J.E.3    Keating, S.4    Berthoud, T.5    Andrews, L.6
  • 17
    • 0027328971 scopus 로고
    • Long-term persistence of sterile immunity in a volunteer immunized with X-irradiated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites
    • doi:10.1093/infdis/168.4.1066
    • Edelman, R., Hoffman, S. L., Davis, J. R., Beier, M., Sztein, M. B., Losonsky, G., et al. (1993). Long-term persistence of sterile immunity in a volunteer immunized with X-irradiated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J. Infect. Dis. 168, 1066-1070. doi: 10.1093/infdis/168.4.1066
    • (1993) J. Infect. Dis , vol.168 , pp. 1066-1070
    • Edelman, R.1    Hoffman, S.L.2    Davis, J.R.3    Beier, M.4    Sztein, M.B.5    Losonsky, G.6
  • 18
    • 80055087402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Live attenuated malaria vaccine designed to protect through hepatic CD8(+) T cell immunity
    • doi:10.1126/science.1211548
    • Epstein, J. E., Tewari, K., Lyke, K. E., Sim, B. K., Billingsley, P. F., Laurens, M. B., et al. (2011). Live attenuated malaria vaccine designed to protect through hepatic CD8(+) T cell immunity. Science 334, 475-480. doi: 10.1126/science.1211548
    • (2011) Science , vol.334 , pp. 475-480
    • Epstein, J.E.1    Tewari, K.2    Lyke, K.E.3    Sim, B.K.4    Billingsley, P.F.5    Laurens, M.B.6
  • 19
    • 84889253599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective CD8+ T-cell immunity to human malaria induced by chimpanzee adenovirus-MVA immunisation
    • doi:10.1038/ncomms3836
    • Ewer, K. J., O'hara, G. A., Duncan, C. J., Collins, K. A., Sheehy, S. H., Reyes-Sandoval, A., et al. (2013). Protective CD8+ T-cell immunity to human malaria induced by chimpanzee adenovirus-MVA immunisation. Nat. Commun. 4, 2836. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3836
    • (2013) Nat. Commun , vol.4 , pp. 2836
    • Ewer, K.J.1    O'hara, G.A.2    Duncan, C.J.3    Collins, K.A.4    Sheehy, S.H.5    Reyes-Sandoval, A.6
  • 20
    • 37049185845 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of development of exoerythrocytic forms of malaria parasites by gamma-interferon
    • doi:10.1126/science.3085218
    • Ferreira, A., Schofield, L., Enea, V., Schellekens, H., Van Der Meide, P., Collins, W. E., et al. (1986). Inhibition of development of exoerythrocytic forms of malaria parasites by gamma-interferon. Science 232, 881-884. doi: 10.1126/science.3085218
    • (1986) Science , vol.232 , pp. 881-884
    • Ferreira, A.1    Schofield, L.2    Enea, V.3    Schellekens, H.4    Van Der Meide, P.5    Collins, W.E.6
  • 21
    • 74949098813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prime-boost vectored malaria vaccines: progress and prospects
    • doi:10.4161/hv.6.1.10116
    • Hill, A. V., Reyes-Sandoval, A., O'Hara, G., Ewer, K., Lawrie, A., Goodman, A., et al. (2010). Prime-boost vectored malaria vaccines: progress and prospects. Hum. Vaccin. 6, 78-83. doi: 10.4161/hv.6.1.10116
    • (2010) Hum. Vaccin , vol.6 , pp. 78-83
    • Hill, A.V.1    Reyes-Sandoval, A.2    O'Hara, G.3    Ewer, K.4    Lawrie, A.5    Goodman, A.6
  • 22
    • 0037090258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of humans against malaria by immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites
    • doi:10.1086/339409
    • Hoffman, S. L., Goh, L. M., Luke, T. C., Schneider, I., Le, T. P., Doolan, D. L., et al. (2002). Protection of humans against malaria by immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J. Infect. Dis. 185, 1155-1164. doi: 10.1086/339409
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis , vol.185 , pp. 1155-1164
    • Hoffman, S.L.1    Goh, L.M.2    Luke, T.C.3    Schneider, I.4    Le, T.P.5    Doolan, D.L.6
  • 23
    • 70449513874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neglected tropical diseases in sub-saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000412
    • Hotez, P. J., and Kamath, A. (2009). Neglected tropical diseases in sub-saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 3:e412. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000412
    • (2009) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis , vol.3
    • Hotez, P.J.1    Kamath, A.2
  • 24
    • 0028906593 scopus 로고
    • T cell genetic background determines default T helper phenotype development in vitro
    • doi:10.1084/jem.181.2.713
    • Hsieh, C. S., Macatonia, S. E., O'garra, A., and Murphy, K. M. (1995). T cell genetic background determines default T helper phenotype development in vitro. J. Exp. Med. 181, 713-721. doi: 10.1084/jem.181.2.713
    • (1995) J. Exp. Med , vol.181 , pp. 713-721
    • Hsieh, C.S.1    Macatonia, S.E.2    O'garra, A.3    Murphy, K.M.4
  • 25
    • 70350314350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective role of Fas-FasL signaling in lethal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice
    • doi:10.1128/JVI.01006-09
    • Ishikawa, T., Yamada, H., Oyamada, A., Goshima, F., Nishiyama, Y., and Yoshikai, Y. (2009). Protective role of Fas-FasL signaling in lethal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. J. Virol. 83, 11777-11783. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01006-09
    • (2009) J. Virol , vol.83 , pp. 11777-11783
    • Ishikawa, T.1    Yamada, H.2    Oyamada, A.3    Goshima, F.4    Nishiyama, Y.5    Yoshikai, Y.6
  • 26
    • 34547614313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically attenuated Plasmodium berghei liver stages induce sterile protracted protection that is mediated by major histocompatibility complex Class I-dependent interferon-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells
    • doi:10.1086/519743
    • Jobe, O., Lumsden, J., Mueller, A. K., Williams, J., Silva-Rivera, H., Kappe, S. H., et al. (2007). Genetically attenuated Plasmodium berghei liver stages induce sterile protracted protection that is mediated by major histocompatibility complex Class I-dependent interferon-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells. J. Infect. Dis. 196, 599-607. doi: 10.1086/519743
    • (2007) J. Infect. Dis , vol.196 , pp. 599-607
    • Jobe, O.1    Lumsden, J.2    Mueller, A.K.3    Williams, J.4    Silva-Rivera, H.5    Kappe, S.H.6
  • 27
    • 77952382039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • That was then but this is now: malaria research in the time of an eradication agenda
    • doi:10.1126/science.1184785
    • Kappe, S. H., Vaughan, A. M., Boddey, J. A., and Cowman, A. F. (2010). That was then but this is now: malaria research in the time of an eradication agenda. Science 328, 862-866. doi: 10.1126/science.1184785
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , pp. 862-866
    • Kappe, S.H.1    Vaughan, A.M.2    Boddey, J.A.3    Cowman, A.F.4
  • 28
    • 34547621806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites with simultaneous deletion of P52 and P36 are completely attenuated and confer sterile immunity against infection
    • doi:10.1128/IAI.00225-07
    • Labaied, M., Harupa, A., Dumpit, R. F., Coppens, I., Mikolajczak, S. A., and Kappe, S. H. (2007). Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites with simultaneous deletion of P52 and P36 are completely attenuated and confer sterile immunity against infection. Infect. Immun. 75, 3758-3768. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00225-07
    • (2007) Infect. Immun , vol.75 , pp. 3758-3768
    • Labaied, M.1    Harupa, A.2    Dumpit, R.F.3    Coppens, I.4    Mikolajczak, S.A.5    Kappe, S.H.6
  • 29
    • 9244224607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuated vaccinia virus-circumsporozoite protein recombinants confer protection against rodent malaria
    • Lanar, D. E., Tine, J. A., De Taisne, C., Seguin, M. C., Cox, W. I., Winslow, J. P., et al. (1996). Attenuated vaccinia virus-circumsporozoite protein recombinants confer protection against rodent malaria. Infect. Immun. 64, 1666-1671.
    • (1996) Infect. Immun. , vol.64 , pp. 1666-1671
    • Lanar, D.E.1    Tine, J.A.2    De Taisne, C.3    Seguin, M.C.4    Cox, W.I.5    Winslow, J.P.6
  • 30
    • 31944438517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and control of echinococcosis in sub-Saharan Africa
    • doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.029
    • Magambo, J., Njoroge, E., and Zeyhle, E. (2006). Epidemiology and control of echinococcosis in sub-Saharan Africa. Parasitol. Int. 55(Suppl.) S193-S195. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.029
    • (2006) Parasitol. Int. , vol.55 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Magambo, J.1    Njoroge, E.2    Zeyhle, E.3
  • 31
    • 0020678720 scopus 로고
    • Malaria parasites - discovery of the early liver form
    • doi:10.1038/302424a0
    • Meis, J. F., Verhave, J. P., Jap, P. H., Sinden, R. E., and Meuwissen, J. H. (1983). Malaria parasites - discovery of the early liver form. Nature 302, 424-426. doi: 10.1038/302424a0
    • (1983) Nature , vol.302 , pp. 424-426
    • Meis, J.F.1    Verhave, J.P.2    Jap, P.H.3    Sinden, R.E.4    Meuwissen, J.H.5
  • 32
    • 84884228351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Looking under the skin: the first steps in malarial infection and immunity
    • doi:10.1038/nrmicro3111
    • Menard, R., Tavares, J., Cockburn, I., Markus, M., Zavala, F., and Amino, R. (2013). Looking under the skin: the first steps in malarial infection and immunity. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 11, 701-712. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3111
    • (2013) Nat. Rev. Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 701-712
    • Menard, R.1    Tavares, J.2    Cockburn, I.3    Markus, M.4    Zavala, F.5    Amino, R.6
  • 33
    • 84873557949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria biology and disease pathogenesis: insights for new treatments
    • doi:10.1038/nm.3073
    • Miller, L. H., Ackerman, H. C., Su, X. Z., and Wellems, T. E. (2013). Malaria biology and disease pathogenesis: insights for new treatments. Nat. Med. 19, 156-167. doi: 10.1038/nm.3073
    • (2013) Nat. Med , vol.19 , pp. 156-167
    • Miller, L.H.1    Ackerman, H.C.2    Su, X.Z.3    Wellems, T.E.4
  • 34
    • 74849137072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunological mechanisms underlying protection mediated by RTS,S: a review of the available data
    • doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-312
    • Moorthy, V. S., and Ballou, W. R. (2009). Immunological mechanisms underlying protection mediated by RTS,S: a review of the available data. Malar. J. 8, 312. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-8-312
    • (2009) Malar. J , vol.8 , pp. 312
    • Moorthy, V.S.1    Ballou, W.R.2
  • 35
    • 15744387886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, double-blind, controlled vaccine efficacy trial of DNA/MVA ME-TRAP against malaria infection in Gambian adults
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0010033
    • Moorthy, V. S., Imoukhuede, E. B., Milligan, P., Bojang, K., Keating, S., Kaye, P., et al. (2004). A randomised, double-blind, controlled vaccine efficacy trial of DNA/MVA ME-TRAP against malaria infection in Gambian adults. PLoS Med. 1:e33. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010033
    • (2004) PLoS Med , vol.1
    • Moorthy, V.S.1    Imoukhuede, E.B.2    Milligan, P.3    Bojang, K.4    Keating, S.5    Kaye, P.6
  • 36
    • 14544281079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium liver stage developmental arrest by depletion of a protein at the parasite-host interface
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.0408442102
    • Mueller, A. K., Camargo, N., Kaiser, K., Andorfer, C., Frevert, U., Matuschewski, K., et al. (2005a). Plasmodium liver stage developmental arrest by depletion of a protein at the parasite-host interface. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102, 3022-3027. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0408442102
    • (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.102 , pp. 3022-3027
    • Mueller, A.K.1    Camargo, N.2    Kaiser, K.3    Andorfer, C.4    Frevert, U.5    Matuschewski, K.6
  • 37
    • 12744278200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically modified Plasmodium parasites as a protective experimental malaria vaccine
    • doi: 10.1038/nature03188
    • Mueller, A. K., Labaied, M., Kappe, S. H., and Matuschewski, K. (2005b). Genetically modified Plasmodium parasites as a protective experimental malaria vaccine. Nature 433, 164-167. doi: 10.1038/nature03188
    • (2005) Nature , vol.433 , pp. 164-167
    • Mueller, A.K.1    Labaied, M.2    Kappe, S.H.3    Matuschewski, K.4
  • 38
    • 0014202885 scopus 로고
    • Protective immunity produced by the injection of X-irradiated sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei
    • doi:10.1038/216160a0
    • Nussenzweig, R. S., Vanderberg, J., Most, H., and Orton, C. (1967). Protective immunity produced by the injection of X-irradiated sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei. Nature 216, 160-162. doi: 10.1038/216160a0
    • (1967) Nature , vol.216 , pp. 160-162
    • Nussenzweig, R.S.1    Vanderberg, J.2    Most, H.3    Orton, C.4
  • 39
    • 0014662269 scopus 로고
    • Specificity of protective immunity produced by x-irradiated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites
    • doi:10.1038/222488a0
    • Nussenzweig, R. S., Vanderberg, J. P., Most, H., and Orton, C. (1969). Specificity of protective immunity produced by x-irradiated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites. Nature 222, 488-489. doi: 10.1038/222488a0
    • (1969) Nature , vol.222 , pp. 488-489
    • Nussenzweig, R.S.1    Vanderberg, J.P.2    Most, H.3    Orton, C.4
  • 40
    • 17344363385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy trial of NYVAC-Pf7, a pox-vectored, multiantigen, multistage vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria
    • doi:10.1086/515331
    • Ockenhouse, C. F., Sun, P. F., Lanar, D. E., Wellde, B. T., Hall, B. T., Kester, K., et al. (1998). Phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy trial of NYVAC-Pf7, a pox-vectored, multiantigen, multistage vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J. Infect. Dis. 177, 1664-1673. doi: 10.1086/515331
    • (1998) J. Infect. Dis , vol.177 , pp. 1664-1673
    • Ockenhouse, C.F.1    Sun, P.F.2    Lanar, D.E.3    Wellde, B.T.4    Hall, B.T.5    Kester, K.6
  • 41
    • 84856880087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical assessment of a recombinant simian adenovirus ChAd63: a potent new vaccine vector
    • doi:10.1093/infdis/jir850
    • O'Hara, G. A., Duncan, C. J., Ewer, K. J., Collins, K. A., Elias, S. C., Halstead, F. D., et al. (2012). Clinical assessment of a recombinant simian adenovirus ChAd63: a potent new vaccine vector. J. Infect. Dis. 205, 772-781. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jir850
    • (2012) J. Infect. Dis , vol.205 , pp. 772-781
    • O'Hara, G.A.1    Duncan, C.J.2    Ewer, K.J.3    Collins, K.A.4    Elias, S.C.5    Halstead, F.D.6
  • 42
    • 0018887685 scopus 로고
    • Monovalent fragments (Fab) of monoclonal antibodies to a sporozoite surface antigen (Pb44) protect mice against malarial infection
    • doi:10.1084/jem.151.6.1504
    • Potocnjak, P., Yoshida, N., Nussenzweig, R. S., and Nussenzweig, V. (1980). Monovalent fragments (Fab) of monoclonal antibodies to a sporozoite surface antigen (Pb44) protect mice against malarial infection. J. Exp. Med. 151, 1504-1513. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.6.1504
    • (1980) J. Exp. Med , vol.151 , pp. 1504-1513
    • Potocnjak, P.1    Yoshida, N.2    Nussenzweig, R.S.3    Nussenzweig, V.4
  • 43
    • 0034051522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pivotal role for interferon-gamma in protection against group A streptococcal skin infection
    • doi:10.1086/315281
    • Raeder, R. H., Barker-Merrill, L., Lester, T., Boyle, M. D., and Metzger, D. W. (2000). A pivotal role for interferon-gamma in protection against group A streptococcal skin infection. J. Infect. Dis. 181, 639-645. doi: 10.1086/315281
    • (2000) J. Infect. Dis , vol.181 , pp. 639-645
    • Raeder, R.H.1    Barker-Merrill, L.2    Lester, T.3    Boyle, M.D.4    Metzger, D.W.5
  • 44
    • 76249117468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking the total CD8 T cell response to infection reveals substantial discordance in magnitude and kinetics between inbred and outbred hosts
    • doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0902874
    • Rai, D., Pham, N. L., Harty, J. T., and Badovinac, V. P. (2009). Tracking the total CD8 T cell response to infection reveals substantial discordance in magnitude and kinetics between inbred and outbred hosts. J. Immunol. 183, 7672-7681. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902874
    • (2009) J. Immunol , vol.183 , pp. 7672-7681
    • Rai, D.1    Pham, N.L.2    Harty, J.T.3    Badovinac, V.P.4
  • 45
    • 0030929615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elimination of P berghei liver stages is independent of Fas (CD95/Apo-I) or perforin-mediated cytotoxicity
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-190.x
    • Renggli, J., Hahne, M., Matile, H., Betschart, B., Tschopp, J., and Corradin, G. (1997). Elimination of P. berghei liver stages is independent of Fas (CD95/Apo-I) or perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. Parasite Immunol. 19, 145-148. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-190.x
    • (1997) Parasite Immunol , vol.19 , pp. 145-148
    • Renggli, J.1    Hahne, M.2    Matile, H.3    Betschart, B.4    Tschopp, J.5    Corradin, G.6
  • 46
    • 0034056745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma-independent CD8+ T cell-mediated protective anti-malaria immunity elicited by recombinant adenovirus
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-3024.2000.00289.x
    • Rodrigues, E. G., Claassen, J., Lee, S., Wilson, J. M., Nussenzweig, R. S., and Tsuji, M. (2000). Interferon-gamma-independent CD8+ T cell-mediated protective anti-malaria immunity elicited by recombinant adenovirus. Parasite Immunol. 22, 157-160. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2000.00289.x
    • (2000) Parasite Immunol , vol.22 , pp. 157-160
    • Rodrigues, E.G.1    Claassen, J.2    Lee, S.3    Wilson, J.M.4    Nussenzweig, R.S.5    Tsuji, M.6
  • 47
    • 0031065201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single immunizing dose of recombinant adenovirus efficiently induces CD8+ T cell-mediated protective immunity against malaria
    • Rodrigues, E. G., Zavala, F., Eichinger, D., Wilson, J. M., and Tsuji, M. (1997). Single immunizing dose of recombinant adenovirus efficiently induces CD8+ T cell-mediated protective immunity against malaria. J. Immunol. 158, 1268-1274.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.158 , pp. 1268-1274
    • Rodrigues, E.G.1    Zavala, F.2    Eichinger, D.3    Wilson, J.M.4    Tsuji, M.5
  • 48
    • 0025783201 scopus 로고
    • CD8+ cytolytic T cell clones derived against the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein protect against malaria
    • doi:10.1093/intimm/3.6.579
    • Rodrigues, M. M., Cordey, A. S., Arreaza, G., Corradin, G., Romero, P., Maryanski, J. L., et al. (1991). CD8+ cytolytic T cell clones derived against the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein protect against malaria. Int. Immunol. 3, 579-585. doi: 10.1093/intimm/3.6.579
    • (1991) Int. Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 579-585
    • Rodrigues, M.M.1    Cordey, A.S.2    Arreaza, G.3    Corradin, G.4    Romero, P.5    Maryanski, J.L.6
  • 49
    • 79956358442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term protection against malaria after experimental sporozoite inoculation: an open-label follow-up study
    • doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60360-7
    • Roestenberg, M., Teirlinck, A. C., Mccall, M. B. B., Teelen, K., Makamdop, K. N., Wiersma, J., et al. (2011). Long-term protection against malaria after experimental sporozoite inoculation: an open-label follow-up study. Lancet 377, 1770-1776. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60360-7
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 1770-1776
    • Roestenberg, M.1    Teirlinck, A.C.2    Mccall, M.B.B.3    Teelen, K.4    Makamdop, K.N.5    Wiersma, J.6
  • 50
    • 0023936132 scopus 로고
    • Oral Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing circumsporozoite protein protects against malaria
    • doi:10.1126/science.3281260
    • Sadoff, J. C., Ballou, W. R., Baron, L. S., Majarian, W. R., Brey, R. N., Hockmeyer, W. T., et al. (1988). Oral Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing circumsporozoite protein protects against malaria. Science 240, 336-338. doi: 10.1126/science.3281260
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 336-338
    • Sadoff, J.C.1    Ballou, W.R.2    Baron, L.S.3    Majarian, W.R.4    Brey, R.N.5    Hockmeyer, W.T.6
  • 51
    • 77957659569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme CD8 T cell requirements for anti-malarial liver-stage immunity following immunization with radiation attenuated sporozoites
    • doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000998
    • Schmidt, N. W., Butler, N. S., Badovinac, V. P., and Harty, J. T. (2010). Extreme CD8 T cell requirements for anti-malarial liver-stage immunity following immunization with radiation attenuated sporozoites. PLoS Pathog. 6:e1000998. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000998
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.6
    • Schmidt, N.W.1    Butler, N.S.2    Badovinac, V.P.3    Harty, J.T.4
  • 52
    • 70349772921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD8 T cell immunity to Plasmodium permits generation of protective antibodies after repeated sporozoite challenge
    • doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.08.025
    • Schmidt, N. W., Butler, N. S., and Harty, J. T. (2009). CD8 T cell immunity to Plasmodium permits generation of protective antibodies after repeated sporozoite challenge. Vaccine 27, 6103-6106. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.08.025
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 6103-6106
    • Schmidt, N.W.1    Butler, N.S.2    Harty, J.T.3
  • 53
    • 79956219937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium-host interactions directly influence the threshold of memory CD8 T cells required for protective immunity
    • doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1100194
    • Schmidt, N. W., Butler, N. S., and Harty, J. T. (2011). Plasmodium-host interactions directly influence the threshold of memory CD8 T cells required for protective immunity. J. Immunol. 186, 5873-5884. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100194
    • (2011) J. Immunol , vol.186 , pp. 5873-5884
    • Schmidt, N.W.1    Butler, N.S.2    Harty, J.T.3
  • 54
    • 79954993119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: attrition of Plasmodium-specific memory CD8 T cells results in decreased protection that is rescued by booster immunization
    • doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003949
    • Schmidt, N. W., and Harty, J. T. (2011). Cutting edge: attrition of Plasmodium-specific memory CD8 T cells results in decreased protection that is rescued by booster immunization. J. Immunol. 186, 3836-3840. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003949
    • (2011) J. Immunol , vol.186 , pp. 3836-3840
    • Schmidt, N.W.1    Harty, J.T.2
  • 55
    • 52949138683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory CD8 T cell responses exceeding a large but definable threshold provide long-term immunity to malaria
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0805452105
    • Schmidt, N. W., Podyminogin, R. L., Butler, N. S., Badovinac, V. P., Tucker, B. J., Bahjat, K. S., et al. (2008). Memory CD8 T cell responses exceeding a large but definable threshold provide long-term immunity to malaria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 14017-14022. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0805452105
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.105 , pp. 14017-14022
    • Schmidt, N.W.1    Podyminogin, R.L.2    Butler, N.S.3    Badovinac, V.P.4    Tucker, B.J.5    Bahjat, K.S.6
  • 56
    • 0023483210 scopus 로고
    • Gamma interferon, CD8+ T cells and antibodies required for immunity to malaria sporozoites
    • doi:10.1038/330664a0
    • Schofield, L., Villaquiran, J., Ferreira, A., Schellekens, H., Nussenzweig, R., and Nussenzweig, V. (1987). Gamma interferon, CD8+ T cells and antibodies required for immunity to malaria sporozoites. Nature 330, 664-666. doi: 10.1038/330664a0
    • (1987) Nature , vol.330 , pp. 664-666
    • Schofield, L.1    Villaquiran, J.2    Ferreira, A.3    Schellekens, H.4    Nussenzweig, R.5    Nussenzweig, V.6
  • 57
    • 35349028384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-protection between attenuated Plasmodium berghei and P yoelii sporozoites
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00976.x
    • Sedegah, M., Weiss, W. W., and Hoffman, S. L. (2007). Cross-protection between attenuated Plasmodium berghei and P. yoelii sporozoites. Parasite Immunol. 29, 559-565. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00976.x
    • (2007) Parasite Immunol , vol.29 , pp. 559-565
    • Sedegah, M.1    Weiss, W.W.2    Hoffman, S.L.3
  • 58
    • 84884671436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against malaria by intravenous immunization with a nonreplicating sporozoite vaccine
    • doi:10.1126/science.1241800
    • Seder, R. A., Chang, L. J., Enama, M. E., Zephir, K. L., Sarwar, U. N., Gordon, I. J., et al. (2013). Protection against malaria by intravenous immunization with a nonreplicating sporozoite vaccine. Science 341, 1359-1365. doi: 10.1126/science.1241800
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , pp. 1359-1365
    • Seder, R.A.1    Chang, L.J.2    Enama, M.E.3    Zephir, K.L.4    Sarwar, U.N.5    Gordon, I.J.6
  • 59
    • 0033451199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attrition of T cell memory: selective loss of LCMV epitope-specific memory CD8 T cells following infections with heterologous viruses
    • doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80147-8
    • Selin, L. K., Lin, M. Y., Kraemer, K. A., Pardoll, D. M., Schneck, J. P., Varga, S. M., et al. (1999). Attrition of T cell memory: selective loss of LCMV epitope-specific memory CD8 T cells following infections with heterologous viruses. Immunity 11, 733-742. doi: 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80147-8
    • (1999) Immunity , vol.11 , pp. 733-742
    • Selin, L.K.1    Lin, M.Y.2    Kraemer, K.A.3    Pardoll, D.M.4    Schneck, J.P.5    Varga, S.M.6
  • 60
    • 0029984776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of otherwise remarkably stable virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory by heterologous viral infections
    • doi:10.1084/jem.183.6.2489
    • Selin, L. K., Vergilis, K., Welsh, R. M., and Nahill, S. R. (1996). Reduction of otherwise remarkably stable virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory by heterologous viral infections. J. Exp. Med. 183, 2489-2499. doi: 10.1084/jem.183.6.2489
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med , vol.183 , pp. 2489-2499
    • Selin, L.K.1    Vergilis, K.2    Welsh, R.M.3    Nahill, S.R.4
  • 61
    • 33646738698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma interferon plays a crucial early antiviral role in protection against West Nile virus infection
    • doi:10.1128/JVI.00274-06
    • Shrestha, B., Wang, T., Samuel, M. A., Whitby, K., Craft, J., Fikrig, E., et al. (2006). Gamma interferon plays a crucial early antiviral role in protection against West Nile virus infection. J. Virol. 80, 5338-5348. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00274-06
    • (2006) J. Virol , vol.80 , pp. 5338-5348
    • Shrestha, B.1    Wang, T.2    Samuel, M.A.3    Whitby, K.4    Craft, J.5    Fikrig, E.6
  • 62
    • 50949117801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha protects against lethal West Nile virus infection by promoting trafficking of mononuclear leukocytes into the central nervous system
    • doi:10.1128/JVI.01118-08
    • Shrestha, B., Zhang, B., Purtha, W. E., Klein, R. S., and Diamond, M. S. (2008). Tumor necrosis factor alpha protects against lethal West Nile virus infection by promoting trafficking of mononuclear leukocytes into the central nervous system. J. Virol. 82, 8956-8964. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01118-08
    • (2008) J. Virol , vol.82 , pp. 8956-8964
    • Shrestha, B.1    Zhang, B.2    Purtha, W.E.3    Klein, R.S.4    Diamond, M.S.5
  • 63
    • 33748314455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of host hepatocytes by the malaria parasite for delivery into liver sinusoids
    • doi:10.1126/science.1129720
    • Sturm, A., Amino, R., Van De Sand, C., Regen, T., Retzlaff, S., Rennenberg, A., et al. (2006). Manipulation of host hepatocytes by the malaria parasite for delivery into liver sinusoids. Science 313, 1287-1290. doi: 10.1126/science.1129720
    • (2006) Science , vol.313 , pp. 1287-1290
    • Sturm, A.1    Amino, R.2    Van De Sand, C.3    Regen, T.4    Retzlaff, S.5    Rennenberg, A.6
  • 64
    • 34548127008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Live and let die: manipulation of host hepatocytes by exoerythrocytic Plasmodium parasites
    • doi:10.1007/s00430-007-0044-3
    • Sturm, A., and Heussler, V. (2007). Live and let die: manipulation of host hepatocytes by exoerythrocytic Plasmodium parasites. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 196, 127-133. doi: 10.1007/s00430-007-0044-3
    • (2007) Med. Microbiol. Immunol , vol.196 , pp. 127-133
    • Sturm, A.1    Heussler, V.2
  • 65
    • 34547624361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protracted sterile protection with Plasmodium yoelii pre-erythrocytic genetically attenuated parasite malaria vaccines is independent of significant liver-stage persistence and is mediated by CD8+ T cells
    • doi:10.1086/519742
    • Tarun, A. S., Dumpit, R. F., Camargo, N., Labaied, M., Liu, P., Takagi, A., et al. (2007). Protracted sterile protection with Plasmodium yoelii pre-erythrocytic genetically attenuated parasite malaria vaccines is independent of significant liver-stage persistence and is mediated by CD8+ T cells. J. Infect. Dis. 196, 608-616. doi: 10.1086/519742
    • (2007) J. Infect. Dis , vol.196 , pp. 608-616
    • Tarun, A.S.1    Dumpit, R.F.2    Camargo, N.3    Labaied, M.4    Liu, P.5    Takagi, A.6
  • 66
    • 38349159563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined transcriptome and proteome survey of malaria parasite liver stages
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0710780104
    • Tarun, A. S., Peng, X., Dumpit, R. F., Ogata, Y., Silva-Rivera, H., Camargo, N., et al. (2008). A combined transcriptome and proteome survey of malaria parasite liver stages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 305-310. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710780104
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.105 , pp. 305-310
    • Tarun, A.S.1    Peng, X.2    Dumpit, R.F.3    Ogata, Y.4    Silva-Rivera, H.5    Camargo, N.6
  • 67
    • 34250375980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria vaccines: the stage we are at
    • doi:10.1038/nrmicro1712
    • Todryk, S. M., and Hill, A. V. (2007). Malaria vaccines: the stage we are at. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 5, 487-489. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1712
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Microbiol , vol.5 , pp. 487-489
    • Todryk, S.M.1    Hill, A.V.2
  • 68
    • 0036779576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of the perforin/granzyme cell death pathway
    • doi:10.1038/nri911
    • Trapani, J. A., and Smyth, M. J. (2002). Functional significance of the perforin/granzyme cell death pathway. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 735-747. doi: 10.1038/nri911
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Immunol , vol.2 , pp. 735-747
    • Trapani, J.A.1    Smyth, M.J.2
  • 71
    • 0001435165 scopus 로고
    • CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic/suppressors) are required for protection in mice immunized with malaria sporozoites
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.85.2.573
    • Weiss, W. R., Sedegah, M., Beaudoin, R. L., Miller, L. H., and Good, M. F. (1988). CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic/suppressors) are required for protection in mice immunized with malaria sporozoites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 573-576. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.2.573
    • (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.85 , pp. 573-576
    • Weiss, W.R.1    Sedegah, M.2    Beaudoin, R.L.3    Miller, L.H.4    Good, M.F.5
  • 72
    • 0027163491 scopus 로고
    • The role of CD4+ T cells in immunity to malaria sporozoites
    • Weiss, W. R., Sedegah, M., Berzofsky, J. A., and Hoffman, S. L. (1993). The role of CD4+ T cells in immunity to malaria sporozoites. J. Immunol. 151, 2690-2698.
    • (1993) J. Immunol. , vol.151 , pp. 2690-2698
    • Weiss, W.R.1    Sedegah, M.2    Berzofsky, J.A.3    Hoffman, S.L.4
  • 73
    • 66649101955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attrition of memory CD8 T cells
    • discussion E4. doi: 10.1038/nature08091
    • Welsh, R. M., and Selin, L. K. (2009). Attrition of memory CD8 T cells. Nature 459, E3-E4; discussion E4. doi: 10.1038/nature08091
    • (2009) Nature , vol.459
    • Welsh, R.M.1    Selin, L.K.2
  • 74
    • 84905168106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO, World Malaria Report 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization
    • WHO. (2011). World Malaria Report 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization, Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2011
    • (2011)
  • 75
    • 0018891152 scopus 로고
    • Hybridoma produces protective antibodies directed against the sporozoite stage of malaria parasite
    • doi:10.1126/science.6985745
    • Yoshida, N., Nussenzweig, R. S., Potocnjak, P., Nussenzweig, V., and Aikawa, M. (1980). Hybridoma produces protective antibodies directed against the sporozoite stage of malaria parasite. Science 207, 71-73. doi: 10.1126/science.6985745
    • (1980) Science , vol.207 , pp. 71-73
    • Yoshida, N.1    Nussenzweig, R.S.2    Potocnjak, P.3    Nussenzweig, V.4    Aikawa, M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.