메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 987-997

Global hypomethylation and promoter methylation in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors: An in vivo and in vitro study

Author keywords

Carcinoid; DNA methylation; Neuroendocrine; Pyrosequencing; SI NET

Indexed keywords

CXCL14 CHEMOKINE; MESSENGER RNA; PROTEIN P16; RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN FAMILY PROTEIN 1A; REPETITIVE DNA; UVOMORULIN; ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE; AZACITIDINE; DNA (CYTOSINE 5) METHYLTRANSFERASE; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN;

EID: 84903736181     PISSN: 15592294     EISSN: 15592308     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4161/epi.28936     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (49)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 77955445089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of small bowel carcinoids in a defined population
    • PMID:20237925
    • Landerholm K, Falkmer S, Järhult J. Epidemiology of small bowel carcinoids in a defined population. World J Surg 2010; 34:1500-1505; PMID:20237925; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-010-0519-z
    • (2010) World J Surg , vol.34 , pp. 1500-1505
    • Landerholm, K.1    Falkmer, S.2    Järhult, J.3
  • 2
    • 84857818285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barcelona Consensus Conference participants. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms from the jejuno-ileum and the appendix including goblet cell carcinomas
    • PMID:22262080
    • Pape UF, Perren A, Niederle B, Gross D, Gress T, Costa F, Arnold R, Denecke T, Plöckinger U, Salazar R, et al.; Barcelona Consensus Conference participants. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms from the jejuno-ileum and the appendix including goblet cell carcinomas. Neuroendocrinology 2012; 95:135-156; PMID:22262080; http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000335629
    • (2012) Neuroendocrinology , vol.95 , pp. 135-156
    • Pape, U.F.1    Perren, A.2    Niederle, B.3    Gross, D.4    Gress, T.5    Costa, F.6    Arnold, R.7    Denecke, T.8    Plöckinger, U.9    Salazar, R.10
  • 3
    • 78649988856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common pathogenetic mechanism involving human chromosome 18 in familial and sporadic ileal carcinoid tumors
    • PMID:21104784
    • Cunningham JL, Díaz de Ståhl T, Sjöblom T, Westin G, Dumanski JP, Janson ET. Common pathogenetic mechanism involving human chromosome 18 in familial and sporadic ileal carcinoid tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2011; 50:82-94; PMID:21104784; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gcc.20834
    • (2011) Genes Chromosomes Cancer , vol.50 , pp. 82-94
    • Cunningham, J.L.1    Díaz de Ståhl, T.2    Sjöblom, T.3    Westin, G.4    Dumanski, J.P.5    Janson, E.T.6
  • 4
    • 0035004835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative genomic hybridization identifies loss of 18q22-qter as an early and specific event in tumorigenesis of mid-gut carcinoids
    • PMID:11337378
    • Kytölä S, Höög A, Nord B, Cedermark B, Frisk T, Larsson C, Kjellman M. Comparative genomic hybridization identifies loss of 18q22-qter as an early and specific event in tumorigenesis of mid-gut carcinoids. Am J Pathol 2001; 158:1803-1808; PMID:11337378; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64136-3
    • (2001) Am J Pathol , vol.158 , pp. 1803-1808
    • Kytölä, S.1    Höög, A.2    Nord, B.3    Cedermark, B.4    Frisk, T.5    Larsson, C.6    Kjellman, M.7
  • 6
    • 0242584454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal instability and tumors promoted by DNA hypomethylation
    • PMID:12702868
    • Eden A, Gaudet F, Waghmare A, Jaenisch R. Chromosomal instability and tumors promoted by DNA hypomethylation. Science 2003; 300:455; PMID:12702868; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1083557
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 455
    • Eden, A.1    Gaudet, F.2    Waghmare, A.3    Jaenisch, R.4
  • 7
    • 2042437650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome
    • PM I D: 112 37011
    • Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Zody MC, Baldwin J, Devon K, Dewar K, Doyle M, FitzHugh W, et al.; International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature 2001; 409:860-921; PM I D: 112 37011; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35057062
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 860-921
    • Lander, E.S.1    Linton, L.M.2    Birren, B.3    Nusbaum, C.4    Zody, M.C.5    Baldwin, J.6    Devon, K.7    Dewar, K.8    Doyle, M.9    Fitzhugh, W.10
  • 9
    • 0037434786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG island methylation in carcinoid and pancreatic endocrine tumors
    • PMID:12584572
    • Chan AO, Kim SG, Bedeir A, Issa JP, Hamilton SR, Rashid A. CpG island methylation in carcinoid and pancreatic endocrine tumors. Oncogene 2003; 22:924-34; PMID:12584572;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206123
    • (2003) Oncogene , vol.22 , pp. 924-934
    • Chan, A.O.1    Kim, S.G.2    Bedeir, A.3    Issa, J.P.4    Hamilton, S.R.5    Rashid, A.6
  • 10
    • 34347351301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of DNA methylation and epigenetic inactivation of RASSF1A and beta-catenin with metastasis in small bowel carcinoid tumors
    • PMID:17526942
    • Zhang HY, Rumilla KM, Jin L, Nakamura N, Stilling GA, Ruebel KH, Hobday TJ, Erlichman C, Erickson LA, Lloyd RV. Association of DNA methylation and epigenetic inactivation of RASSF1A and beta-catenin with metastasis in small bowel carcinoid tumors. Endocrine 2006; 30:299-306; PMID:17526942;http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-006-0008-1
    • (2006) Endocrine , vol.30 , pp. 299-306
    • Zhang, H.Y.1    Rumilla, K.M.2    Jin, L.3    Nakamura, N.4    Stilling, G.A.5    Ruebel, K.H.6    Hobday, T.J.7    Erlichman, C.8    Erickson, L.A.9    Lloyd, R.V.10
  • 11
    • 34250645744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypomethylation of LINE-1 and Alu in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (pancreatic endocrine tumors and carcinoid tumors
    • PMID:17483816
    • Choi IS, Estecio MR, Nagano Y, Kim H, White JA, Yao JC, Issa JP, Rashid A. Hypomethylation of LINE-1 and Alu in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (pancreatic endocrine tumors and carcinoid tumors). Mod Pathol 2007; 20:802-10; PMID:17483816;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3800825
    • (2007) Mod Pathol , vol.20 , pp. 802-810
    • Choi, I.S.1    Estecio, M.R.2    Nagano, Y.3    Kim, H.4    White, J.A.5    Yao, J.C.6    Issa, J.P.7    Rashid, A.8
  • 13
    • 34147097873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of molecular pathways in sporadic neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-enteropancreatic system
    • PMID:17278096
    • Arnold CN, Sosnowski A, Schmitt-Gräff A, Arnold R, Blum HE. Analysis of molecular pathways in sporadic neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-enteropancreatic system. Int J Cancer 2007; 120:2157-64; PMID:17278096;http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22569
    • (2007) Int J Cancer , vol.120 , pp. 2157-2164
    • Arnold, C.N.1    Sosnowski, A.2    Schmitt-Gräff, A.3    Arnold, R.4    Blum, H.E.5
  • 14
  • 15
    • 84886416018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copy number alterations in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors determined by array comparative genomic hybridization
    • PMID:24165089
    • Hashemi J, Fotouhi O, Sulaiman L, Kjellman M, Höög A, Zedenius J, Larsson C. Copy number alterations in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors determined by array comparative genomic hybridization. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:505; PMID:24165089;http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-13-505
    • (2013) BMC Cancer , vol.13 , pp. 505
    • Hashemi, J.1    Fotouhi, O.2    Sulaiman, L.3    Kjellman, M.4    Höög, A.5    Zedenius, J.6    Larsson, C.7
  • 16
    • 45849083547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylation of the p16INK4A promoter is associated with malignant behavior in abdominal extra-adrenal paragangliomas but not pheochromocytomas
    • PMID:18509008
    • Kiss NB, Geli J, Lundberg F, Avci C, Velazquez-Fernandez D, Hashemi J, Weber G, Höög A, Ekström TJ, Bäckdahl M, et al. Methylation of the p16INK4A promoter is associated with malignant behavior in abdominal extra-adrenal paragangliomas but not pheochromocytomas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2008; 15:609-21; PMID:18509008;http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/ERC-07-0285
    • (2008) Endocr Relat Cancer , vol.15 , pp. 609-621
    • Kiss, N.B.1    Geli, J.2    Lundberg, F.3    Avci, C.4    Velazquez-Fernandez, D.5    Hashemi, J.6    Weber, G.7    Höög, A.8    Ekström, T.J.9    Bäckdahl, M.10
  • 17
    • 27944477357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic alterations in neuroendocrine tumors: Methylation of RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A and p16 genes are associated with metastasis
    • PMID:16258509
    • Liu L, Broaddus RR, Yao JC, Xie S, White JA, Wu TT, Hamilton SR, Rashid A. Epigenetic alterations in neuroendocrine tumors: methylation of RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A and p16 genes are associated with metastasis. Mod Pathol 2005; 18:1632-40; PMID:16258509
    • (2005) Mod Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 1632-1640
    • Liu, L.1    Broaddus, R.R.2    Yao, J.C.3    Xie, S.4    White, J.A.5    Wu, T.T.6    Hamilton, S.R.7    Rashid, A.8
  • 20
    • 33745634864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) expression by epigenetic silencing is a common event in breast cancer
    • PMID:16501252
    • Ai L, Tao Q, Zhong S, Fields CR, Kim WJ, Lee MW, Cui Y, Brown KD, Robertson KD. Inactivation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) expression by epi-genetic silencing is a common event in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27:1341-8; PMID:16501252;http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgi379
    • (2006) Carcinogenesis , vol.27 , pp. 1341-1348
    • Ai, L.1    Tao, Q.2    Zhong, S.3    Fields, C.R.4    Kim, W.J.5    Lee, M.W.6    Cui, Y.7    Brown, K.D.8    Robertson, K.D.9
  • 21
    • 31544468969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic inactivation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 plays an important role in bladder cancer through aberrant canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway
    • PMID:16428476
    • Urakami S, Shiina H, Enokida H, Kawakami T, Tokizane T, Ogishima T, Tanaka Y, Li LC, Ribeiro-Filho LA, Terashima M, et al. Epigenetic inactivation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 plays an important role in bladder cancer through aberrant canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:383-91; PMID:16428476;http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1344
    • (2006) Clin Cancer Res , vol.12 , pp. 383-391
    • Urakami, S.1    Shiina, H.2    Enokida, H.3    Kawakami, T.4    Tokizane, T.5    Ogishima, T.6    Tanaka, Y.7    Li, L.C.8    Ribeiro-Filho, L.A.9    Terashima, M.10
  • 23
    • 34250310905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tumor suppressor Wnt inhibitory factor 1 is frequently methylated in nasopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas
    • PMID:17384664
    • Chan SL, Cui Y, van Hasselt A, Li H, Srivastava G, Jin H, Ng KM, Wang Y, Lee KY, Tsao GS, et al. The tumor suppressor Wnt inhibitory factor 1 is frequently methylated in nasopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas. Lab Invest 2007; 87:644-50; PMID:17384664;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.3700547
    • (2007) Lab Invest , vol.87 , pp. 644-650
    • Chan, S.L.1    Cui, Y.2    van Hasselt, A.3    Li, H.4    Srivastava, G.5    Jin, H.6    Ng, K.M.7    Wang, Y.8    Lee, K.Y.9    Tsao, G.S.10
  • 24
    • 84877118579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling through genetic or epigenetic alterations in human neuroendocrine tumors
    • PMID:23354304
    • Kim JT, Li J, Jang ER, Gulhati P, Rychahou PG, Napier DL, Wang C, Weiss HL, Lee EY, Anthony L, et al. Deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling through genetic or epigenetic alterations in human neuroendocrine tumors. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:953-61; PMID:23354304;http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgt018
    • (2013) Carcinogenesis , vol.34 , pp. 953-961
    • Kim, J.T.1    Li, J.2    Jang, E.R.3    Gulhati, P.4    Rychahou, P.G.5    Napier, D.L.6    Wang, C.7    Weiss, H.L.8    Lee, E.Y.9    Anthony, L.10
  • 25
    • 18144380299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RASSF1A suppresses the c-Jun-NH2-kinase pathway and inhibits cell cycle progression
    • PMID:15867363
    • Whang YM, Kim YH, Kim JS, Yoo YD. RASSF1A suppresses the c-Jun-NH2-kinase pathway and inhibits cell cycle progression. Cancer Res 2005; 65:3682-90; PMID:15867363;http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-2792
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , pp. 3682-3690
    • Whang, Y.M.1    Kim, Y.H.2    Kim, J.S.3    Yoo, Y.D.4
  • 27
    • 13544263599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The centrosomal protein RAS association domain family protein 1A (RASSF1A)-binding protein 1 regulates mitotic progression by recruiting RASSF1A to spindle poles
    • PMID:15546880
    • Song MS, Chang JS, Song SJ, Yang TH, Lee H, Lim DS. The centrosomal protein RAS association domain family protein 1A (RASSF1A)-binding protein 1 regulates mitotic progression by recruiting RASSF1A to spindle poles. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:3920-7; PMID:15546880;http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M409115200
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 3920-3927
    • Song, M.S.1    Chang, J.S.2    Song, S.J.3    Yang, T.H.4    Lee, H.5    Lim, D.S.6
  • 28
    • 24744459073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene in controlling cell migration
    • PMID:16140931
    • Dallol A, Agathanggelou A, Tommasi S, Pfeifer G P, Maher ER, Latif F. Involvement of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene in controlling cell migration. Cancer Res 2005; 65:7653-9; PMID:16140931
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , pp. 7653-7659
    • Dallol, A.1    Agathanggelou, A.2    Tommasi, S.3    Pfeifer, G.P.4    Maher, E.R.5    Latif, F.6
  • 29
    • 77953151905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic mechanisms of promigratory chemokine CXCL14 regulation in human prostate cancer cells
    • PMID:20460540
    • Song EY, Shurin MR, Tourkova IL, Gutkin DW, Shurin GV. Epigenetic mechanisms of promigratory chemokine CXCL14 regulation in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2010; 70:4394-401; PMID:20460540;http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0427
    • (2010) Cancer Res , vol.70 , pp. 4394-4401
    • Song, E.Y.1    Shurin, M.R.2    Tourkova, I.L.3    Gutkin, D.W.4    Shurin, G.V.5
  • 30
    • 77956929100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-expression of CXCL14, a common target for epigenetic silencing in lung cancer, induces tumor necrosis
    • PMID:20562917
    • Tessema M, Klinge DM, Yingling CM, Do K, Van Neste L, Belinsky SA. Re-expression of CXCL14, a common target for epigenetic silencing in lung cancer, induces tumor necrosis. Oncogene 2010; 29:5159-70; PMID:20562917;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2010.255
    • (2010) Oncogene , vol.29 , pp. 5159-5170
    • Tessema, M.1    Klinge, D.M.2    Yingling, C.M.3    Do, K.4    van Neste, L.5    Belinsky, S.A.6
  • 31
    • 67849109939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG island methylation profiling in human melanoma cell lines
    • PMID:19441164
    • Tellez CS, Shen L, Estécio MR, Jelinek J, Gershenwald JE, Issa JP. CpG island methylation profiling in human melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res 2009; 19:146-55; PMID:19441164;http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CMR.0b013e32832b274e
    • (2009) Melanoma Res , vol.19 , pp. 146-155
    • Tellez, C.S.1    Shen, L.2    Estécio, M.R.3    Jelinek, J.4    Gershenwald, J.E.5    Issa, J.P.6
  • 32
    • 78149359520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genes regulated by Nkx2-3 in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer cell lines
    • PMID:20165982
    • Yu W, Lin Z, Pastor DM, Hegarty JP, Chen X, Kelly AA, Wang Y, Poritz LS, Koltun WA. Genes regulated by Nkx2-3 in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer cell lines. Dig Dis Sci 2010; 55:3171-80; PMID:20165982;http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-010-1138-0
    • (2010) Dig Dis Sci , vol.55 , pp. 3171-3180
    • Yu, W.1    Lin, Z.2    Pastor, D.M.3    Hegarty, J.P.4    Chen, X.5    Kelly, A.A.6    Wang, Y.7    Poritz, L.S.8    Koltun, W.A.9
  • 33
    • 0030944985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic ras provokes premature cell senescence associated with accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a
    • PMID:9054499
    • Serrano M, Lin AW, McCurrach ME, Beach D, Lowe SW. Oncogenic ras provokes premature cell senescence associated with accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a. Cell 1997; 88:593-602; PMID:9054499;http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81902-9
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , pp. 593-602
    • Serrano, M.1    Lin, A.W.2    McCurrach, M.E.3    Beach, D.4    Lowe, S.W.5
  • 34
    • 79955636534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ramon y Cajal S. p16(Ink4a) overexpression in cancer: A tumor suppressor gene associated with senescence and high-grade tumors
    • PMID:21297668
    • Romagosa C, Simonetti S, López-Vicente L, Mazo A, Lleonart ME, Castellvi J, Ramon y Cajal S. p16(Ink4a) overexpression in cancer: a tumor suppressor gene associated with senescence and high-grade tumors. Oncogene 2011; 30:2087-97; PMID:21297668;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2010.614
    • (2011) Oncogene , vol.30 , pp. 2087-2097
    • Romagosa, C.1    Simonetti, S.2    López-Vicente, L.3    Mazo, A.4    Lleonart, M.E.5    Castellvi, J.6
  • 35
    • 0030612349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor versus other INK4 family members during mouse development and aging
    • PMID:9244355
    • Zindy F, Quelle DE, Roussel MF, Sherr CJ. Expression of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor versus other INK4 family members during mouse development and aging. Oncogene 1997; 15:203-11; PMID:9244355;http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1201178
    • (1997) Oncogene , vol.15 , pp. 203-211
    • Zindy, F.1    Quelle, D.E.2    Roussel, M.F.3    Sherr, C.J.4
  • 36
    • 0015043748 scopus 로고
    • Mutation and cancer: Statistical study of retinoblastoma
    • PMID:5279523
    • Knudson AG Jr. Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1971; 68: 820-3; PMID:5279523;http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.68.4.820
    • (1971) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.68 , pp. 820-823
    • Knudson Jr., A.G.1
  • 37
    • 54249096084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo
    • PMID:18829530
    • Milicic A, Harrison LA, Goodlad RA, Hardy RG, Nicholson AM, Presz M, Sieber O, Santander S, Pringle JH, Mandir N, et al. Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo. Cancer Res 2008; 68:7760-8; PMID:18829530;http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0020
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , pp. 7760-7768
    • Milicic, A.1    Harrison, L.A.2    Goodlad, R.A.3    Hardy, R.G.4    Nicholson, A.M.5    Presz, M.6    Sieber, O.7    Santander, S.8    Pringle, J.H.9    Mandir, N.10
  • 38
    • 66149123748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nuclear DNA base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is present in Purkinje neurons and the brain
    • PMID:19372393
    • Kriaucionis S, Heintz N. The nuclear DNA base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is present in Purkinje neurons and the brain. Science 2009; 324:929-30; PMID:19372393;http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1169786
    • (2009) Science , vol.324 , pp. 929-930
    • Kriaucionis, S.1    Heintz, N.2
  • 39
    • 40749151511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the functional and growth properties of cell lines established from ileal and rectal carcinoid tumors
    • PMID:18247165
    • Stilling GA, Zhang H, Ruebel KH, Leontovich AA, Jin L, Tanizaki Y, Zhang S, Erickson LA, Hobday T, Lloyd RV. Characterization of the functional and growth properties of cell lines established from ileal and rectal carcinoid tumors. Endocr Pathol 2007; 18:223-32; PMID:18247165;http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12022-007-9001-3
    • (2007) Endocr Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 223-232
    • Stilling, G.A.1    Zhang, H.2    Ruebel, K.H.3    Leontovich, A.A.4    Jin, L.5    Tanizaki, Y.6    Zhang, S.7    Erickson, L.A.8    Hobday, T.9    Lloyd, R.V.10
  • 41
    • 0035710746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method
    • PMID:11846609
    • Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 2001; 25:402-8; PMID:11846609;http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
    • (2001) Methods , vol.25 , pp. 402-408
    • Livak, K.J.1    Schmittgen, T.D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.