Is it whom you know or what you know? An empirical assessment of the lobbying process

American Economic Review

Volumn 104, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 4231-4239

  Bertrand, Marianne ^a   Bombardini, Matilde ^b   Trebbi, Francesco ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84903712835     PISSN: 00028282     EISSN: 19447981     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1257/aer.104.12.3885     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Adler, E. Scott, and John S. Lapinski. 1997. "Demand-Side Theory and Congressional Committee Composition: A Constituency Characteristics Approach." American Journal of Political Science 41 (3): 895-918.
2. Ainsworth, Scott. 1993. "Regulating Lobbyists and Interest Group Influence." Journal of Politics 55 (1): 41-56.
3. Ansolabehere, Stephen, James M. Snyder, and Micky Tripathi. 2002. "Are PAC Contributions and Lobbying Linked? New Evidence from the 1995 Lobby Disclosure Act." Business and Politics 4 (2): 131-55.
4. Apollonio, Dorie, Bruce E. Cain, and Lee Drutman. 2008. "Access and Lobbying: Looking Beyond the Corruption Paradigm." Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 36 (1): 13-50.
5. Austen-Smith, David. 1987. "Interest Groups, Campaign Contributions and Probabilistic Voting." Public Choice 54 (2): 123-39.
6. Austen-Smith, David. 1994. "Strategic Transmission of Costly Information." Econometrica 62 (4):955-63.
7. Austen-Smith, David. 1995. "Campaign Contributions and Access." American Political Science Review 89 (3): 566-81.
8. Baron, David P. 1989. "Service-Induced Campaign Contributions and the Electoral Equilibrium." Quarterly Journal of Economics 104 (1): 45-72.
9. Baron, David P. 1994. "Electoral Competition with Informed and Uninformed Voters." American Political Science Review 88 (1): 33-47.
10. Battaglini, Marco, and Roland Benabou. 2003. "Trust, Coordination, and the Industrial Organization of Political Activism." Journal of the European Economic Association 1 (4): 851-89.
11. Baumgartner, Frank R., and Beth L. Leech. 2001. "Interest Niches and Policy Bandwagons: Patterns of Interest Group Involvement in National Politics." Journal of Politics 63 (4): 1191-213.
12. Bennedsen, Morten, and Sven E. Feldmann. 2006. "Informational Lobbying and Political Contributions." Journal of Public Economics 90 (4): 631-56.
13. Bertrand, Marianne, Matilde Bombardini, and Francesco Trebbi. 2011. "Is It Whom You Know or What You Know? An Empirical Assessment of the Lobbying Process." National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 16765.
14. Bertrand, Marianne, Matilde Bombardini, and Francesco Trebbi. 2014. "Is It Whom You Know or What You Know? An Empirical Assessment of the Lobbying Process: Dataset." American Economic Review. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.12.3885.
15. Besley, Timothy, and Stephen Coate. 2001. "Lobbying and Welfare in a Representative Democracy." Review of Economic Studies 68 (1): 67-82.
16. Besley, Timothy, and Ian Preston. 2007. "Electoral Bias and Policy Choice: Theory and Evidence." Quarterly Journal of Economics 122 (4): 1473-510.
17. Birnbaum, Jeffrey H. 2005. "The Road to Riches is Called K Street." Washington Post, June 22, 2005.
18. Birnbaum, Jeffrey H. 2008. "Vital Part of Housing Bill Is Brainchild of Banks." Washington Post, June 25, 2008.
19. Blanes i Vidal, Jordi, Mirko Draca, and Christian Fons-Rosen. 2012a. "Revolving Door Lobbyists." American Economic Review 102 (7): 3731-48.
20. Blanes i Vidal, Jordi, Mirko Draca, and Christian Fons-Rosen. 2012b. "Revolving Door Lobbyists: Dataset." American Economic Review. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/aer.102.7.3731.
21. Boehner, John. 2006. "For a Majority the Matters." Leadership Plan Speech, January 9.
22. Bombardini, Matilde, and Francesco Trebbi. 2011. "Votes or Money? Theory and Evidence from the US Congress." Journal of Public Economics 95 (7-8): 587-611.
23. Bombardini, Matilde and Francesco Trebbi. 2012. "Competition and Political Organization: Together or Alone in Lobbying for Trade Policy?" Journal of International Economics 87 (1): 18-26.
24. Calvert, Randall L. 1985. "The Value of Biased Information: A Rational Choice Model of Political Advice." Journal of Politics 47 (2): 530-55.
25. Crawford, Vincent P., and Joel Sobel. 1982. "Strategic Information Transmission." Econometrica 50 (6): 1431-51.
26. de Figueiredo, John M., and Brian S. Silverman. 2006. "Academic Earmarks and the Returns to Lobbying." Journal of Law and Economics 49 (2): 597-625.
27. Dixit, Avinash, Gene M. Grossman, and Elhanan Helpman. 1997. "Common Agency and Coordination: General Theory and Application to Government Policy Making." Journal of Political Economy 105 (4): 752-69.
28. Drutman, Lee. 2011. "The Business of America is Lobbying: Explaining the Growth of Corporate Political Activity in Washington, DC." Unpublished.
29. Federal Election Commission. "Disclosure Data Catalog: Detailed Files About Candidates, Parties and Other Committees." http://www.fec.gov/finance/disclosure/ftpdet.shtml (accessed October 22, 2009).
30. Frisch, Scott A., and Sean Q. Kelly. 2004. "Self-Selection Reconsidered: House Committee Assignment Requests and Constituency Characteristics." Political Research Quarterly 57 (2): 325-36.
31. Frisch, Scott A., and Sean Q. Kelly. 2004. Committee Assignment Politics in the U.S. House of Representatives. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
32. Frisch, Scott A., and Sean Q. Kelly. 2006. Committee Assignment Politics in the U.S. House of Representatives. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
33. Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou, and Giovanni Maggi. 1999. "Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation." American Economic Review 89 (5): 1135-55.
34. Groll, Thomas, and Christopher J. Ellis. 2012. "Dynamic Commercial Lobbying." Center for Economic Studies (CESifo) Working Paper 4114.
35. Groll, Thomas, and Christopher J. Ellis. 2013. "A Simple Model of the Commercial Lobbying Industry." Center for Economic Studies (CESifo) Working Paper 4110.
36. Groseclose, Tim. 1994. "Testing Committee Composition Hypotheses for the U.S. Congress." Journal of Politics 56 (2): 440-58.
37. Groseclose, Tim, and Charles Stewart III. 1998. "The Value of Committee Seats in the House, 1947-91." American Journal of Political Science 42 (2): 453-74.
38. Grossman, Gene M., and Elhanan Helpman. 1994. "Protection for Sale." American Economic Review 84 (4): 833-50.
39. Grossman, Gene M., and Elhanan Helpman. 2001. Special Interest Politics. Cambridge: MIT Press.
40. Grenzke, Janet M. 1989. "PAC's and the Congressional Supermarket: The Currency Is Complex." American Journal of Political Science 33 (1): 1-24.
41. Hansen, John Mark. 1991. Gaining Access: Congress and the Farm Lobby, 1919-1981. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
42. Heckman, James J. 1979. "Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error." Econometrica 47 (1): 153-61.
43. Heinz, John P., Edward O. Laumann, Robert L. Nelson, Robert H. Salisbury. 1993. The Hollow Core: Private Interests in National Policy Making. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
44. Herndon, James F. 1982. "Access, Record and Competition as Influences on Interest Group Contributions to Congressional Campaigns." The Journal of Politics 44: 996-1019.
45. Hrebenar, Ronald J., and Bryson B. Morgan. 2009. Lobbying in America. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Inc.
46. Igan, Deniz, Prachi Mishra, and Thierry Tressel. 2009. "A Fistful of Dollars: Lobbying and the Financial Crisis." National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 17076.
47. Kerr, William R., William F. Lincoln, and Prachi Mishra. 2011. "The Dynamics of Firm Lobbying." Harvard Business School Working Paper 12-034.
48. Krehbiel, K. 1990. "Are Congressional Committees Composed of Preference Outliers?" American Political Science Review 149-63.
49. Krishna, Vijay, and John Morgan. 2001. "A Model of Expertise." Quarterly Journal of Economics 116 (2): 747-75
50. Langbein, Laura I. 1986. "Money and Access: Some Empirical Evidence." The Journal of Politics 48 (4): 1052-62.
51. Lipton, Eric. 2010. "A G.O.P. Leader Tightly Bound to Lobbyists." New York Times, September 11, 2010.
52. Lobbyist.info Federal Lobbyists Database. http://www.lobbyists.info (accessed October 14, 2009).
53. Lohmann, Susanne. 1995. "Information, Access, and Contributions: A Signaling Model of Lobbying." Public Choice 85 (3-4): 267-84.
54. McGrath, Conor. 2006. "The Ideal Lobbyist: Personal Characteristics of Effective Lobbyists." Journal of Communication Management 10 (1): 67-79.
55. Mian, Atif, Amir Sufi, and Francesco Trebbi. 2010. "The Political Economy of the Subprime Mortgage Credit Expansion." National Bureau of Economics Research Working Paper 16107.
56. Pear, Robert. 2009. "In House, Many Spoke With One Voice: Lobbyists." New York Times, November 14, 2009.
57. Potters, Jan, and Frans van Winden. 1990. "Modeling Political Pressure as Transmission of Information." European Journal of Political Economy 6 (1): 61-88.
58. Potters, Jan, and Frans van Winden. 1992. "Lobbying and Asymmetric Information." Public Choice 74 (3): 269-92.
59. Rohde, David W., and Kenneth A. Shepsle. 1973. "Democratic Committee Assignments in the House of Representatives: Strategic Aspects of a Social Choice Process." American Political Science Review 67 (3): 889-905.
60. Sabato, Larry J. 1985. PAC Power. 2nd ed. New York: Norton.
61. Salisbury, Robert H., Paul Johnson, John P. Heinz, Edward O. Laumann, and Robert L. Nelson. 1989. "Who You Know versus What You Know: The Uses of Government Experience for Washington Lobbyists." American Journal of Political Science 33 (10.2): 175-95.
62. Senate Office of Public Records. 1998-2008. "Lobbying Disclosure Act Databases." http://www.senate. gov/legislative/Public-Disclosure/LDA-reports.htm (accessed May 31, 2009 and December 14, 2009).
63. Snyder, James M., Jr. 1990. "Campaign Contributions as Investments: The U.S. House of Representatives, 1980-1986." Journal of Political Economy 98 (6): 1195-227.
64. Snyder, James M., Jr. 1991. "On Buying Legislatures." Economics and Politics 3 (2): 93-109.
65. Stewart, Charles, III, and Jonathan Woon. "Congressional Committee Assignments, 103rd to 112th Congresses, 1993-2011: House and Senate." http://web.mit.edu/17.251/www/data-page.html#2 (accessed September 23, 2009).
66. Wright, John R. 1990. "Contributions, Lobbying, and Committee Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives." American Political Science Review 84 (2): 417-38.