Ultrafast carrier dynamics of silicon nanowire ensembles: The impact of geometrical heterogeneity on charge carrier lifetime

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 118, Issue 16, 2014, Pages 8626-8633

  Grumstrup, Erik M ^a   Cating, Emma M ^a   Gabriel, Michelle M ^a   Pinion, Christopher W ^a   Christesen, Joseph D ^a   Kirschbrown, Justin R ^a   Vallorz, Ernest L ^a   Cahoon, James F ^a   Papanikolas, John M ^a  

^a The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CHARGE CARRIERS; NANOWIRES;

DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; GEOMETRICAL DIFFERENCES; GROUND STATE ABSORPTION; RECOMBINATION DYNAMICS; RECOMBINATION PROCESS; SURFACE RECOMBINATION VELOCITIES; TRANSIENT ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPIES; ULTRAFAST CARRIER DYNAMICS;

SILICON;

EID: 84899515866     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp501079b     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Schmidt, V.; Wittemann, J. V.; Senz, S.; Gösele, U. Silicon Nanowires: A Review on Aspects of Their Growth and Their Electrical Properties Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 2681-2702
2. Rurali, R. Colloquium: Structural, Electronic, and Transport Properties of Silicon Nanowires Rev. Mod. Phys. 2010, 82, 427-449
3. Lin, C.; Povinelli, M. L. Optical Absorption Enhancement in Silicon Nanowire Arrays with a Large Lattice Constant for Photovoltaic Applications Opt. Express 2009, 17, 19371-81
4. Mehl, B. P.; Kirschbrown, J. R.; House, R. L.; Papanikolas, J. M. The End Is Different Than the Middle: Spatially Dependent Dynamics in Zno Rods Observed by Femtosecond Pump-Probe Microscopy J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 1777-1781
5. Christesen, J. D.; Zhang, X.; Pinion, C. W.; Celano, T. A.; Flynn, C. J.; Cahoon, J. F. Design Principles for Photovoltaic Devices Based on Si Nanowires with Axial or Radial P-N Junctions Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 6024-9
6. Kim, S. K.; Day, R. W.; Cahoon, J. F.; Kempa, T. J.; Song, K. D.; Park, H. G.; Lieber, C. M. Tuning Light Absorption in Core/Shell Silicon Nanowire Photovoltaic Devices through Morphological Design Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 4971-6
7. Kirschbrown, J. R.; House, R. L.; Mehl, B. P.; Parker, J. K.; Papanikolas, J. M. Hybrid Standing Wave and Whispering Gallery Modes in Needle-Shaped Zno Rods: Simulation of Emission Microscopy Images Using Finite Difference Frequency Domain Methods with a Focused Gaussian Source J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 10653-10660
8. Wallentin, J.; Anttu, N.; Asoli, D.; Huffman, M.; Aberg, I.; Magnusson, M. H.; Siefer, G.; Fuss-Kailuweit, P.; Dimroth, F.; Witzigmann, B.; Xu, H. Q.; Samuelson, L.; Deppert, K.; Borgstrom, M. T. Inp Nanowire Array Solar Cells Achieving 13.8% Efficiency by Exceeding the Ray Optics Limit Science 2013, 339, 1057-1060
9. Allen, J. E.; Hemesath, E. R.; Perea, D. E.; Lensch-Falk, J. L.; Li, Z. Y.; Yin, F.; Gass, M. H.; Wang, P.; Bleloch, A. L.; Palmer, R. E.; Lauhon, L. J. High-Resolution Detection of Au Catalyst Atoms in Si Nanowires Nat. Nanotechnol. 2008, 3, 168-73
10. Dan, Y.; Seo, K.; Takei, K.; Meza, J. H.; Javey, A.; Crozier, K. B. Dramatic Reduction of Surface Recombination by in Situ Surface Passivation of Silicon Nanowires Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 2527-32
11. Mohite, A. D.; Perea, D. E.; Singh, S.; Dayeh, S. A.; Campbell, I. H.; Picraux, S. T.; Htoon, H. Highly Efficient Charge Separation and Collection across in Situ Doped Axial Vls-Grown Si Nanowire P-N Junctions Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 1965-71
12. Sun, L.; Kim do, H.; Oh, K. H.; Agarwal, R. Strain-Induced Large Exciton Energy Shifts in Buckled Cds Nanowires Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 3836-42
13. Signorello, G.; Karg, S.; Bjork, M. T.; Gotsmann, B.; Riel, H. Tuning the Light Emission from GaAs Nanowires over 290 MeV with Uniaxial Strain Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 917-24
14. Qi, J.; Belcher, A. M.; White, J. M. Spectroscopy of Individual Silicon Nanowires Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 82, 2616
15. Mehl, B. P.; House, R. L.; Uppal, A.; Reams, A. J.; Zhang, C.; Kirschbrown, J. R.; Papanikolas, J. M. Direct Imaging of Optical Cavity Modes in Zno Rods Using Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy J. Phys. Chem. A 2010, 114, 1241-1246
16. Gao, B.; Hartland, G. V.; Huang, L. B. Transient Absorption Spectroscopy and Imaging of Individual Chirality-Assigned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes ACS Nano 2012, 6, 5083-5090
17. Gabriel, M. M.; Kirschbrown, J. R.; Christesen, J. D.; Pinion, C. W.; Zigler, D. F.; Grumstrup, E. M.; Mehl, B. P.; Cating, E. E.; Cahoon, J. F.; Papanikolas, J. M. Direct Imaging of Free Carrier and Trap Carrier Motion in Silicon Nanowires by Spatially-Separated Femtosecond Pump-Probe Microscopy Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 1336-40
18. Seo, M. A.; Yoo, J.; Dayeh, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.; Taylor, A. J.; Prasankumar, R. P. Mapping Carrier Diffusion in Single Silicon Core-Shell Nanowires with Ultrafast Optical Microscopy Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 6334-8
19. Wong, C. Y.; Penwell, S. B.; Cotts, B. L.; Noriega, R.; Wu, H.; Ginsberg, N. S. Revealing Exciton Dynamics in a Small-Molecule Organic Semiconducting Film with Subdomain Transient Absorption Microscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 22111-22122
20. Jung, Y.; Vacic, A.; Perea, D. E.; Picraux, S. T.; Reed, M. A. Minority Carrier Lifetimes and Surface Effects in Vls-Grown Axial P-N Junction Silicon Nanowires Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 4306-4311
21. Grumstrup, E. M.; Gabriel, M. M.; Cating, E. E.; Pinion, C. W.; Christesen, J. D.; Vallorz, E. L. I.; Cahoon, J. F.; Papanikolas, J. M. Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Individual Silicon Nanowires: Characterization of Diameter-Dependent Carrier Lifetime and Surface Recombination with Pump-Probe Microscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 10.1021/jp502737e
22. Kalache, B.; Cabarrocas, P. R. i.; Morral, A. F. i. Observation of Incubation Times in the Nucleation of Silicon Nanowires Obtained by the Vapor-Liquid-Solid Method Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2006, 45, L190-L193
23. Wang, D.; Tu, R.; Zhang, L.; Dai, H. Deterministic One-to-One Synthesis of Germanium Nanowires and Individual Gold Nanoseed Patterning for Aligned Nanowire Arrays Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 2925-2929
24. Zhang, X.; Pinion, C. W.; Christesen, J. D.; Flynn, C. J.; Celano, T. A.; Cahoon, J. F. Horizontal Silicon Nanowires with Radial P-N Junctions: A Platform for Unconventional Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 2002-2009
25. Palik, E. D. Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1985.
26. Sabbah, A.; Riffe, D. Femtosecond Pump-Probe Reflectivity Study of Silicon Carrier Dynamics Phys. Rev. B 2002, 66
27. Seo, M. A.; Dayeh, S. A.; Upadhya, P. C.; Martinez, J. A.; Swartzentruber, B. S.; Picraux, S. T.; Taylor, A. J.; Prasankumar, R. P. Understanding Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Single Quasi-One-Dimensional Si Nanowires Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012, 100, 071104
28. Sjodin, T.; Petek, H.; Dai, H. L. Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Silicon: A Two-Color Transient Reflection Grating Study on a (111) Surface Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 81, 5664-5667
29. Wheeler, D. A.; Huang, J.-A.; Newhouse, R. J.; Zhang, W.-F.; Lee, S.-T.; Zhang, J. Z. Ultrafast Exciton Dynamics in Silicon Nanowires J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 766-771
30. Myers, K.; Wang, Q.; Dexheimer, S. Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Nanocrystalline Silicon Phys. Rev. B 2001, 64
31. Aspnes, D. E. Recombination at Semiconductor Surfaces and Interfaces Surf. Sci. 1983, 132, 406-421
32. Crank, J. The Mathematics of Diffusion; Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK, 1979.
33. Sun, Y. T.; Scott, E.; Toshikazu, N. Strain Effect in Semiconductors; Springer: Berlin, 2010.
34. Kerr, M. J.; Cuevas, A. General Parameterization of Auger Recombination in Crystalline Silicon J. Appl. Phys. 2002, 91, 2473