메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 233-241

Post-transcriptional regulation of cytokine signaling by AU-rich and GU-rich elements

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; HU ANTIGEN; INTERFERON; MESSENGER RNA; MICRORNA; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; RIBONUCLEASE L; RNA BINDING PROTEIN; TRISTETRAPROLIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; GUANINE;

EID: 84898712109     PISSN: 10799907     EISSN: 15577465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0108     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (38)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 34547651351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranscriptional orchestration of an anti-apoptotic program by HuR
    • Abdelmohsen K, Lal A, Kim HH, Gorospe M. 2007. Posttranscriptional orchestration of an anti-apoptotic program by HuR. Cell Cycle 6(11):1288-1292.
    • (2007) Cell Cycle , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 1288-1292
    • Abdelmohsen, K.1    Lal, A.2    Kim, H.H.3    Gorospe, M.4
  • 2
    • 84555187760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning of cytokine 3¢ untranslated regions and posttranscriptional assessment using cell-based GFP assay
    • Al-Haj L, Khabar KS. 2012. Cloning of cytokine 3¢ untranslated regions and posttranscriptional assessment using cell-based GFP assay. Methods Mol Biol 820:91-104.
    • (2012) Methods Mol Biol , vol.820 , pp. 91-104
    • Al-Haj, L.1    Khabar, K.S.2
  • 3
    • 40949102111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-transcriptional control of cytokine production
    • Anderson P. 2008. Post-transcriptional control of cytokine production. Nat Immunol 9(4):353-359.
    • (2008) Nat Immunol , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 353-359
    • Anderson, P.1
  • 4
    • 72949123583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-transcriptional regulons coordinate the initiation and resolution of inflammation
    • Anderson P. 2010. Post-transcriptional regulons coordinate the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 10(1):24-35.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-35
    • Anderson, P.1
  • 5
    • 0035162672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ARED: Human AU-rich element-containing mRNA database reveals an unexpectedly diverse functional repertoire of encoded proteins
    • Bakheet T, Frevel M, Williams BR, Greer W, Khabar KS. 2001.ARED: Human AU-rich element-containing mRNA database reveals an unexpectedly diverse functional repertoire of encoded proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 29(1):246-254.
    • (2001) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 246-254
    • Bakheet, T.1    Frevel, M.2    Williams, B.R.3    Greer, W.4    Khabar, K.S.5
  • 6
    • 33644876034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ARED 3.0: The large and diverse AU-rich transcriptome
    • Database issue
    • Bakheet T, Williams BR, Khabar KS. 2006. ARED 3.0: The large and diverse AU-rich transcriptome. Nucleic Acids Res 34(Database issue):D111-D114.
    • (2006) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.34
    • Bakheet, T.1    Williams, B.R.2    Khabar, K.S.3
  • 7
    • 84898719004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CELF1 a multifunctional regulator of posttranscriptional networks
    • Abdelmohsen K, ed Chapter 8. In-Tech(Open Access) DOI: 10.5772/48780
    • Beisang D, Bohjanen P, Vlasova-St. Louis I. 2012a. CELF1, a multifunctional regulator of posttranscriptional networks. In: Abdelmohsen K, ed. Binding protein, Chapter 8. In-Tech(Open Access). DOI: 10.5772/48780, pp 181-206.
    • (2012) Binding Protein , pp. 81-206
    • Beisang, D.1    Bohjanen, P.2    Vlasova-St. Louis, I.3
  • 9
    • 84855490669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of CUG-binding protein 1 (CUGBP1) binding to target transcripts upon T cell activation
    • Beisang D, Rattenbacher B, Vlasova-St. Louis IA, Bohjanen PR. 2012b. Regulation of CUG-binding protein 1 (CUGBP1) binding to target transcripts upon T cell activation. J Biol Chem 287(2):950-960.
    • (2012) J Biol Chem , vol.287 , Issue.2 , pp. 950-960
    • Beisang, D.1    Rattenbacher, B.2    Vlasova-St. Louis, I.A.3    Bohjanen, P.R.4
  • 10
    • 84880649467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; Implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction
    • Bronicki LM, Jasmin BJ. 2013. Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction. RNA 19(8):1019-1037.
    • (2013) RNA , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1019-1037
    • Bronicki, L.M.1    Jasmin, B.J.2
  • 11
    • 84877793134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tristetraprolin (TTP): Interactions with mRNA and proteins, and current thoughts on mechanisms of action
    • Brooks SA, Blackshear PJ. 2013. Tristetraprolin (TTP): Interactions with mRNA and proteins, and current thoughts on mechanisms of action. Biochim Biophys Acta 1829(6-7): 666-679.
    • (2013) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1829 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 666-679
    • Brooks, S.A.1    Blackshear, P.J.2
  • 12
    • 84872598312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer-related inflammation
    • Candido J, Hagemann T. 2013. Cancer-related inflammation. J Clin Immunol 33(Suppl 1):S79-S84.
    • (2013) J Clin Immunol , vol.33 , Issue.SUPPL.. 1
    • Candido, J.1    Hagemann, T.2
  • 13
    • 0028788194 scopus 로고
    • AU-rich elements: Characterization and importance in mRNA degradation
    • Chen CY, Shyu AB. 1995. AU-rich elements: Characterization and importance in mRNA degradation. Trends Biochem Sci 20(11):465-470.
    • (1995) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.20 , Issue.11 , pp. 465-470
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Shyu, A.B.2
  • 14
    • 0034746363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 3¢ untranslated region of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA is a target of the mRNA-stabilizing factor HuR
    • Dean JL, Wait R, Mahtani KR, Sully G, Clark AR, Saklatvala J. 2001. The 3¢ untranslated region of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA is a target of the mRNA-stabilizing factor HuR. Mol Cell Biol 21(3):721-730.
    • (2001) Mol Cell Biol , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 721-730
    • Dean, J.L.1    Wait, R.2    Mahtani, K.R.3    Sully, G.4    Clark, A.R.5    Saklatvala, J.6
  • 16
    • 42449101248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of TTP mRNA targets in human dendritic cells reveals TTP as a critical regulator of dendritic cell maturation
    • Emmons J, Townley-Tilson WH, Deleault KM, Skinner SJ, Gross RH, Whitfield ML, Brooks SA. 2008. Identification of TTP mRNA targets in human dendritic cells reveals TTP as a critical regulator of dendritic cell maturation. RNA 14(5): 888-902.
    • (2008) RNA , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 888-902
    • Emmons, J.1    Townley-Tilson, W.H.2    Deleault, K.M.3    Skinner, S.J.4    Gross, R.H.5    Whitfield, M.L.6    Brooks, S.A.7
  • 18
    • 77953050555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is increased in old murine B cells and mediates p38 MAPK/tristetraprolin dephosphorylation and E47 mRNA instability
    • Frasca D, Romero M, Landin AM, Diaz A, Riley RL, Blomberg BB. 2010. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is increased in old murine B cells and mediates p38 MAPK/tristetraprolin dephosphorylation and E47 mRNA instability. Mech Ageing Dev 131(5):306-314.
    • (2010) Mech Ageing Dev , vol.131 , Issue.5 , pp. 306-314
    • Frasca, D.1    Romero, M.2    Landin, A.M.3    Diaz, A.4    Riley, R.L.5    Blomberg, B.B.6
  • 19
    • 73049097101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved principles of mammalian transcriptional regulation revealed by RNA half-life
    • Friedel CC, Dolken L, Ruzsics Z, Koszinowski UH, Zimmer R. 2009. Conserved principles of mammalian transcriptional regulation revealed by RNA half-life. Nucleic Acids Res 37(17):e115.
    • (2009) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.37 , Issue.17
    • Friedel, C.C.1    Dolken, L.2    Ruzsics, Z.3    Koszinowski, U.H.4    Zimmer, R.5
  • 20
    • 84866334922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TGF-beta-induced epithelialmesenchymal transition: A link between cancer and inflammation
    • Fuxe J, Karlsson MC. 2012. TGF-beta-induced epithelialmesenchymal transition: A link between cancer and inflammation. Semin Cancer Biol 22(5-6):455-461.
    • (2012) Semin Cancer Biol , vol.22 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 455-461
    • Fuxe, J.1    Karlsson, M.C.2
  • 21
    • 84857104153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of AUF1 in regulated mRNA decay
    • Gratacos FM, Brewer G. 2010. The role of AUF1 in regulated mRNA decay. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 1(3):457-473.
    • (2010) Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 457-473
    • Gratacos, F.M.1    Brewer, G.2
  • 22
    • 77955644289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian microRNAs predominantly act to decrease target mRNA levels
    • Guo H, Ingolia NT, Weissman JS, Bartel DP. 2010. Mammalian microRNAs predominantly act to decrease target mRNA levels. Nature 466(7308):835-840.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.466 , Issue.7308 , pp. 835-840
    • Guo, H.1    Ingolia, N.T.2    Weissman, J.S.3    Bartel, D.P.4
  • 23
    • 38549113982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ARED organism: Expansion of ARED reveals AU-rich element cluster variations between human and mouse
    • Database issue
    • Halees AS, El-Badrawi R, Khabar KS. 2008. ARED organism: Expansion of ARED reveals AU-rich element cluster variations between human and mouse. Nucleic Acids Res 36(Database issue):D137-D140.
    • (2008) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.36
    • Halees, A.S.1    El-Badrawi, R.2    Khabar, K.S.3
  • 25
    • 60749124122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stability of mRNA influences the temporal order of the induction of genes encoding inflammatory molecules
    • Hao S, Baltimore D. 2009. The stability of mRNA influences the temporal order of the induction of genes encoding inflammatory molecules. Nat Immunol 10(3):281-288.
    • (2009) Nat Immunol , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 281-288
    • Hao, S.1    Baltimore, D.2
  • 26
    • 84875781795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-transcriptional regulatory networks in immunity
    • Ivanov P, Anderson P. 2013. Post-transcriptional regulatory networks in immunity. Immunol Rev 253(1):253-272.
    • (2013) Immunol Rev , vol.253 , Issue.1 , pp. 253-272
    • Ivanov, P.1    Anderson, P.2
  • 27
    • 80053618714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction, structure and dynamics of post-transcriptional regulatory network directed by RNAbinding proteins
    • Janga SC, Mittal N. 2011. Construction, structure and dynamics of post-transcriptional regulatory network directed by RNAbinding proteins. Adv Exp Med Biol 722:103-117.
    • (2011) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.722 , pp. 103-117
    • Janga, S.C.1    Mittal, N.2
  • 28
    • 34250735674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA regulons: Coordination of posttranscriptional events
    • Keene JD. 2007. RNA regulons: Coordination of posttranscriptional events. Nat Rev Genet 8(7):533-543.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Genet , vol.8 , Issue.7 , pp. 533-543
    • Keene, J.D.1
  • 29
    • 34249699555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid transit in the immune cells: The role of mRNA turnover regulation
    • Khabar KS. 2007. Rapid transit in the immune cells: The role of mRNA turnover regulation. J Leukoc Biol 81(6):1335-1344.
    • (2007) J Leukoc Biol , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 1335-1344
    • Khabar, K.S.1
  • 30
    • 77956727472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-transcriptional control during chronic inflammation and cancer: A focus on AU-rich elements
    • Khabar KS. 2010. Post-transcriptional control during chronic inflammation and cancer: A focus on AU-rich elements. Cell Mol Life Sci 67(17):2937-2955.
    • (2010) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.67 , Issue.17 , pp. 2937-2955
    • Khabar, K.S.1
  • 31
    • 34347214770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-transcriptional control of the interferon system
    • Khabar KS, Young HA. 2007. Post-transcriptional control of the interferon system. Biochimie 89(6-7):761-769.
    • (2007) Biochimie , vol.89 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 761-769
    • Khabar, K.S.1    Young, H.A.2
  • 32
    • 77955291454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic analysis of cis-elements in unstable mRNAs demonstrates that CUGBP1 is a key regulator of mRNA decay in muscle cells
    • Lee JE, Lee JY, Wilusz J, Tian B, Wilusz CJ. 2010. Systematic analysis of cis-elements in unstable mRNAs demonstrates that CUGBP1 is a key regulator of mRNA decay in muscle cells. PLoS One 5(6):e11201.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5 , Issue.6
    • Lee, J.E.1    Lee, J.Y.2    Wilusz, J.3    Tian, B.4    Wilusz, C.J.5
  • 34
    • 80053608499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-2 family cytokines: New insights into the complex roles of IL-2 as a broad regulator of T helper cell differentiation
    • Liao W, Lin JX, Leonard WJ. 2011. IL-2 family cytokines: New insights into the complex roles of IL-2 as a broad regulator of T helper cell differentiation. Curr Opin Immunol 23(5): 598-604.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 598-604
    • Liao, W.1    Lin, J.X.2    Leonard, W.J.3
  • 38
    • 60049097909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ribonome: A dominant force in co-ordinating gene expression
    • Mansfield KD, Keene JD. 2009. The ribonome: A dominant force in co-ordinating gene expression. Biol Cell 101(3):169-181.
    • (2009) Biol Cell , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 169-181
    • Mansfield, K.D.1    Keene, J.D.2
  • 39
    • 83855164061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MicroRNA and AUrich element regulation of prostaglandin synthesis
    • Moore AE, Young LE, Dixon DA. 2011. MicroRNA and AUrich element regulation of prostaglandin synthesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 30(3-4):419-435.
    • (2011) Cancer Metastasis Rev , vol.30 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 419-435
    • Moore, A.E.1    Young, L.E.2    Dixon, D.A.3
  • 40
    • 80054699918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in autoimmunity: Role in induction, regulation, and treatment
    • Moudgil KD, Choubey D. 2011. Cytokines in autoimmunity: Role in induction, regulation, and treatment. J Interferon Cytokine Res 31(10):695-703.
    • (2011) J Interferon Cytokine Res , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 695-703
    • Moudgil, K.D.1    Choubey, D.2
  • 44
    • 0035930565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HuA and tristetraprolin are induced following T cell activation and display distinct but overlapping RNA binding specificities
    • Raghavan A, Robison RL, McNabb J, Miller CR, Williams DA, Bohjanen PR. 2001. HuA and tristetraprolin are induced following T cell activation and display distinct but overlapping RNA binding specificities. J Biol Chem 276(51): 47958-47965.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , Issue.51 , pp. 47958-47965
    • Raghavan, A.1    Robison, R.L.2    McNabb, J.3    Miller, C.R.4    Williams, D.A.5    Bohjanen, P.R.6
  • 46
    • 78049434471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAPKAP kinases MK2 and MK3 in inflammation: Complex regulation of TNF biosynthesis via expression and phosphorylation of tristetraprolin
    • Ronkina N, Menon MB, Schwermann J, Tiedje C, Hitti E, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M. 2010. MAPKAP kinases MK2 and MK3 in inflammation: Complex regulation of TNF biosynthesis via expression and phosphorylation of tristetraprolin. Biochem Pharmacol 80(12):1915-1920.
    • (2010) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.80 , Issue.12 , pp. 1915-1920
    • Ronkina, N.1    Menon, M.B.2    Schwermann, J.3    Tiedje, C.4    Hitti, E.5    Kotlyarov, A.6    Gaestel, M.7
  • 47
    • 84857464812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Networks controlling mRNA decay in the immune system
    • Schott J, Stoecklin G. 2010. Networks controlling mRNA decay in the immune system. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 1(3): 432-456.
    • (2010) Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 432-456
    • Schott, J.1    Stoecklin, G.2
  • 48
    • 33744966820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cytokine mRNA stability in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease
    • Seko Y, Cole S, Kasprzak W, Shapiro BA, Ragheb JA. 2006. The role of cytokine mRNA stability in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Autoimmun Rev 5(5):299-305.
    • (2006) Autoimmun Rev , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 299-305
    • Seko, Y.1    Cole, S.2    Kasprzak, W.3    Shapiro, B.A.4    Ragheb, J.A.5
  • 49
  • 53
    • 33947495156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tristetraprolin (TTP)-14-3-3 complex formation protects TTP from dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2a and stabilizes tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA
    • Sun L, Stoecklin G, Van Way S, Hinkovska-Galcheva V, Guo RF, Anderson P, Shanley TP. 2007. Tristetraprolin (TTP)-14-3-3 complex formation protects TTP from dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2a and stabilizes tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA. J Biol Chem 282(6):3766-3777.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.6 , pp. 3766-3777
    • Sun, L.1    Stoecklin, G.2    Van Way, S.3    Hinkovska-Galcheva, V.4    Guo, R.F.5    Anderson, P.6    Shanley, T.P.7
  • 55
    • 84859126410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of lymphocyte development and function by RNA-binding proteins
    • Turner M, Hodson D. 2012a. Regulation of lymphocyte development and function by RNA-binding proteins. Curr Opin Immunol 24(2):160-165.
    • (2012) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 160-165
    • Turner, M.1    Hodson, D.2
  • 56
    • 84861128352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An emerging role of RNAbinding proteins as multifunctional regulators of lymphocyte development and function
    • Turner M, Hodson DJ. 2012b. An emerging role of RNAbinding proteins as multifunctional regulators of lymphocyte development and function. Adv Immunol 115:161-185.
    • (2012) Adv Immunol , vol.115 , pp. 161-185
    • Turner, M.1    Hodson, D.J.2
  • 58
    • 80052041185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MicroRNA regulation by RNA-binding proteins and its implications for cancer
    • van Kouwenhove M, Kedde M, Agami R. 2011. MicroRNA regulation by RNA-binding proteins and its implications for cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 11(9):644-656.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.11 , Issue.9 , pp. 644-656
    • Van Kouwenhove, M.1    Kedde, M.2    Agami, R.3
  • 59
    • 57349138816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranscriptional regulation of gene networks by GU-rich elements and CELF proteins
    • Vlasova IA, Bohjanen PR. 2008. Posttranscriptional regulation of gene networks by GU-rich elements and CELF proteins. RNA Biol 5(4):201-207.
    • (2008) RNA Biol , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 201-207
    • Vlasova, I.A.1    Bohjanen, P.R.2
  • 62
    • 79960919896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinate regulation of mRNA decay networks by GU-rich elements and CELF1
    • Vlasova-St. Louis I, Bohjanen PR. 2011. Coordinate regulation of mRNA decay networks by GU-rich elements and CELF1. Curr Opin Genet Dev 21(4):444-451.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 444-451
    • Vlasova-St. Louis, I.1    Bohjanen, P.R.2
  • 65
    • 84155192294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranscriptional regulation of the Ras-ERK/MAPK signaling pathway
    • Whelan JT, Hollis SE, Cha DS, Asch AS, Lee MH. 2012. Posttranscriptional regulation of the Ras-ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 227(3):1235-1241.
    • (2012) J Cell Physiol , vol.227 , Issue.3 , pp. 1235-1241
    • Whelan, J.T.1    Hollis, S.E.2    Cha, D.S.3    Asch, A.S.4    Lee, M.H.5
  • 66
    • 36849054438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of KSRP interaction with the AU-rich element of interleukin-8 and identification of inflammatory mRNA targets
    • Winzen R, Thakur BK, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Shah M, Redich N, Dhamija S, Kracht M, Holtmann H. 2007. Functional analysis of KSRP interaction with the AU-rich element of interleukin-8 and identification of inflammatory mRNA targets. Mol Cell Biol 27(23):8388-8400.
    • (2007) Mol Cell Biol , vol.27 , Issue.23 , pp. 8388-8400
    • Winzen, R.1    Thakur, B.K.2    Dittrich-Breiholz, O.3    Shah, M.4    Redich, N.5    Dhamija, S.6    Kracht, M.7    Holtmann, H.8
  • 68
    • 53049095405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 regulates stability of tumor necrosis factor mRNA in muscle cells: Implications for myotonic dystrophy
    • Zhang L, Lee JE, Wilusz J, Wilusz CJ. 2008. The RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 regulates stability of tumor necrosis factor mRNA in muscle cells: Implications for myotonic dystrophy. J Biol Chem 283:22457-22463.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283 , pp. 22457-22463
    • Zhang, L.1    Lee, J.E.2    Wilusz, J.3    Wilusz, C.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.