Forging diaspora: Afro-Cubans and African Americans in a world of empire and Jim Crow

Forging Diaspora: Afro-Cubans and African Americans in a World of Empire and Jim Crow

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-271

  Guridy, Frank Andre ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84898285628     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (305)

1. Camagüey. Archivo Histórico Provincial de Camagüey. Fondo Jorge Juárez Cano
2. Havana. Archivo Nacional de Cuba. Fondo Secretaría de la Presidencia. Registro de Asociaciones
3. Santa Clara. Archivo Histórico Provincial de Villa Clara. Fondo de Registro de Asociaciones
4. Amherst, Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts at Amherst Library. W. E. B. Du Bois Papers
5. Chicago, Illinois. Chicago Historical Society. Claude Barnett Papers. Arthur Mitchell Papers
6. Hampton, Virginia. Hampton University Museum and Archives
7. New Haven, Connecticut. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Langston Hughes Papers, James Weldon Johnson Memorial Collection
8. New York, New York. National Archives and Records Administration, Northeast Region. Records of the U.S. Department of State, RG 59. Records of the U.S. Courts of Appeals, RG 276
9. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library. Ben F. Carruthers Papers. William Pickens Papers (Additions). Arthur A. Schomburg Papers. Universal Negro Improvement Association, Records of the Central Division
10. Tuskegee, Alabama. Tuskegee University Archives. Booker T. Washington Papers
11. Washington, D.C. Library of Congress. Rayford Logan Papers. Booker T. Washington Papers
12. Washington, D.C. National Archives for Black Women's History, Mary McLeod Bethune Council House. Mary McLeod Bethune Papers, Bethune-Cookman College Collection. National Council of Negro Women Papers
13. Aframerican Woman's Journal (Washington, D.C.)
14. Alma Jóven (Trinidad)
15. Amsterdam News (New York)
16. Atenas (Havana)
17. Baltimore Afro-American
18. Boletín Oficial del Club Atenas (Havana)
19. Crisis (New York)
20. Diario de la Marina (Havana)
21. Hampton Alumni Record (Hampton, Va.)
22. Heraldo de Cuba (Havana)
23. La Lucha, 1926 (Santa Clara)
24. Negro World (New York)
25. Opportunity (New York)
26. Social (Havana)
27. Tuskegee Student (Tuskegee)
28. Bernard, Emily, ed. Remember Me to Harlem: The Letters of Langston Hughes and Carl Van Vechten, 1925-1964. New York: Alfred Knopf, 2001.
29. Betancourt, Juan René. "Castro and the Cuban Negro." Crisis 67 (May 1961): 270-74.
30. Betancourt, Juan René El negro: Ciudadano del futuro. Havana: Cárdenas y Cía, 1959.
31. Blanco, Tomás. El prejuicio racial en Puerto Rico. San Juan, P.R.: Editorial Biblioteca de Autores Puertorriqueños, 1942.
32. Cannon, Terry, and Johnetta Cole. Free and Equal: The End of Racial Discrimination in Cuba. New York: Venceremos Brigade, 1978.
33. Cervantes, Carlos A. "Publicaciones de la raza de color." Adelante 3 (March 1938): 10-11.
34. Chrisman, Robert. "National Culture in Revolutionary Cuba." Black Scholar 8 (1977): 2-11.
35. Club Atenas. Nuestros hombres faros en Cuba y Puerto Rico. Havana: Club Atenas, 1921.
36. Cook, Mercer. "Urrutia." Phylon 4 (1943): 220-32.
37. Cortez, Jayne. Coagulations: New and Selected Poems. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1984.
38. Dámasa Jova, Maria. Arpegios intimos. Santa Clara: Imprenta El Arte, 1925.
39. Dámasa Jova, Maria. Ufanías: Juicios y consideraciones acerca de "Arpegios intimos" y poesías. Santa Clara, Cuba: Imp. De la A. Clapera, 1927.
40. Digital Library of Georgia. The Blues, Black Vaudeville and the Silver Screen, 1912-1930s: Selections from the Records of Macon's Douglass Theatre, 〈 dlg.galileo.usg.edu 〉.
41. Echegoyen de Cañizares, Ana, and Calixto Suárez. El continente de enseñanza. Washington, D.C.: Unión Panamericana, 1946.
42. Goode, W. T. The "Eighth Illinois." Chicago: Blakely, 1899.
43. Guillén, Nicolás. Cuba libre: Poems. Translated by Langston Hughes and Ben F. Carruthers. Los Angeles: Anderson & Ritchie, 1948.
44. Guillén, Nicolás. Obra poética. Vol. 1. Havana: Letras Cubanas, 2004.
45. Guillén, Nicolás. Páginas vueltas: Memorias. Havana: UNEAC, 1982.
46. Hackley and Harrison's Hotel and Apartment Guide for Colored Travelers. Philadelphia: Hackley & Harrison, 1930.
47. Harmon Foundation. Negro Artists: Presented by the Harmon Foundation at the Art Center, 1933. New York: Harmon Foundation, 1933.
48. Hill, Robert A. The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers. Vols. 1-7. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983-90.
49. Hughes, Langston. The Big Sea. 3rd ed. New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.
50. Hughes, Langston. The Collected Works of Langston Hughes: The Poems, 1921-1940. Edited by Arnold Rampersad. Vol. 1. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001.
51. Hughes, Langston. "A Cuban Sculptor." Opportunity 8 (November 1930): 334.
52. Hughes, Langston. I Wonder as I Wander. New York: Hill and Wang, 1956.
53. Hughes, Langston. "My Early Days in Harlem." In Harlem: A Community in Transition, edited by John Henrik Clarke, 62-64. New York: Citadel, 1964.
54. Hughes, Langston. "To the Little Fort of San Lazaro on the Ocean Front, Havana." New Masses 6 (May 1931): 11.
55. Pedroso, Regino. Antología poética. Havana: N.p., 1939.
56. Serra, Rafael. Para blancos y negros: Ensayos políticos, sociales, y económicos. Havana: Imprenta "El Score," 1907.
57. Trelles, Carlos M. "Bibliografía de autores de la raza de color." Cuba Contemporánea 43 (1927): 30-78.
58. Tuskegee Institute. Annual Catalogue of the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. Tuskegee, Ala.: Tuskegee Institute, 1898-1920.
59. Verrill, A. Hyatt. Cuba of Today. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1931.
60. Washington, Booker T. "Industrial Education for Cuban Negroes." Christian Register, 18 August 1898, 455.
61. Washington, Booker T. Up from Slavery. Edited with a new introduction by W. Fitzhugh Brundage. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2003.
62. Washington, Booker T. Working with the Hands. New York: Doubleday, Page, 1904.
63. Washington, Booker T. ed. Tuskegee and Its People: Their Ideals and Achievements. 1905. Reprint, New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969.
64. Washington, Margaret Murray. "What Girls Are Taught and How." In Booker T. Washington, Tuskegee and Its People, 68-88.
65. Abrahams, Roger D. The Man of Words in the West Indies: Performance and the Emergence of Creole Culture. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.
66. Acosta, Leonardo. Cubano Be, Cubano Bop: One Hundred Years of Jazz in Cuba. Translated by David S. Whitesell. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 2003.
67. Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. ed. London: Verso, 1991.
68. Anderson, James D. The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.
69. Arroyo, Jossianna. "Technologies: Transculturations of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity in Arturo A. Schomburg's Masonic Writings." Centro Journal 17 (Spring 2005): 4-29.
70. Augier, Angel. Nicolás Guillén: Notas para un estudio biográfico-crítico. 2nd ed. Santa Clara: Universidad Central de Las Villas, 1962.
71. Austerlitz, Paul. Jazz Consciousness: Music, Race, and Humanity. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 2005.
72. Ayala, César J. American Sugar Kingdom: The Plantation Economy of the Spanish Caribbean, 1898-1934. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
73. Bair, Barbara. " 'Ethiopia Shall Stretch Forth Her Hands unto God': Laura Kofey and the Gendered Vision of Redemption in the Garvey Movement." In A Mighty Baptism: Race, Gender, and the Creation of American Protestantism, edited by Susan Juster and Lisa MacFarlane, 38-61. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1996.
74. Bair, Barbara. "True Women, Real Men: Gender, Ideology, and Social Roles in the Garvey Movement." In Gendered Domains: Rethinking Public and Private in Women's History, edited by Dorothy O. Helly and Susan Reverby, 154-66. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1992.
75. Barnes, Catherine A. Journey from Jim Crow: The Desegregation of Southern Transit. New York: Columbia University Press, 1983.
76. Barnum, Fred. "His Master's Voice" in America: Ninety Years of Communications Pioneering and Progress; Victor Talking Machine Company, Radio Corporation of America, General Electric Company. Camden, N.J.: General Electric, 1991
77. Bender, Marilyn, and Selig Altschul. The Chosen Instrument: Pan Am, Juan Trippe, the Rise and Fall of an American Entrepreneur. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982.
78. Benjamin, Jules. "The Machadato and Cuban Nationalism, 1928-1932." Hispanic American Historical Review 55 (1975): 66-91.
79. Blanco Aguilar, Jesús: 80 años del son y soneros en el Caribe. Caracas: Fondo Editorial Tropykos, 1992.
80. Bolles, A. Lynn. "Ellen Irene Diggs: Coming of Age in Atlanta, Havana, and Baltimore." In African-American Pioneers in Anthropology, edited by Ira E. Harrison and Faye V. Harrison, 154-67. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999.
81. Bolster, W. Jeffrey. Black Jacks: African-American Seamen in the Age of Sail. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997.
82. Brandon, George. Santería from Africa to the New World: The Dead Cell Memories. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993.
83. Braudel, Fernand. The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.
84. Brock, Lisa, and Digna Castañeda Fuertes, eds. Between Race and Empire: African-Americans and Cubans before the Cuban Revolution. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998.
85. Bronfman, Alejandra. Measures of Equality: Social Science, Citizenship, and Race in Cuba, 1902-1940. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
86. Brundage, W. Fitzhugh, ed. Booker T. Washington and Black Progress: Up from Slavery 100 Years Later. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
87. Bueno, Salvador, ed. Orbita de José Antonio Fernández de Castro. Havana: UNEAC, 1966.
88. Bundles, A'Lelia. On Her Own Ground: The Life and Times of Madam C. J. Walker. New York: Scribner, 2001.
89. Burgos, Adrian, Jr. Playing America's Game: Baseball, Latinos, and the Color Line. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
90. Burkett, Randall K. Garveyism as a Religious Movement: The Institutionalization of a Black Civil Religion. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1978.
91. Burnett, Carla. " 'Are We Slaves or Free Men?': Labor, Race, Garveyism and the 1920 Panama Canal Strike." Ph.D. diss., University of Illinois at Chicago, 2004.
92. Butler, Kim D. "Defining Diaspora, Refining a Discourse." Diaspora 10 (2001): 189-219.
93. Cabrera, Lydia. La sociedad secreta Abakuá. Miami: Ediciones C. R., 1970.
94. Calder, Bruce J. The Impact of Intervention: The Dominican Republic during the U.S. Occupation of 1916-1924. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984.
95. Campbell, James T. Middle Passages: African American Journeys to Africa, 1787-2005. New York: Penguin, 2005.
96. Carter, Dan. Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969.
97. Chaudhuri, K. N. Asia before Europe: Economy and Civilization in the Indian Ocean from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
98. Childs, Matt D. The 1812 Aponte Rebellion in Cuba and the Struggle against Atlantic Slavery. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
99. Chomsky, Aviva. " 'Barbados or Canada?' Race, Immigration, and Nation in Early-Twentieth-Century Cuba." Hispanic American Historical Review 80 (August 2000): 415-62.
100. Chomsky, Aviva. West Indian Workers and the United Fruit Company, 1870-1940. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996.
101. Clifford, James. Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1997.
102. Cobb, Martha. Harlem, Haiti, and Havana: A Comparative Critical Study of Langston Hughes, Jacques Roumain, Nicolás Guillén. Washington, D.C.: Three Continents, 1979.
103. Cohen, Lisabeth. A Consumers' Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America. New York: Knopf, 2003.
104. Cohen, Robin. Global Diasporas: An Introduction. London: Routledge, 2001.
105. Conniff, Michael. Black Labor on a White Canal: Panama, 1904-1981. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1985.
106. Cook, Mercer. "Some Literary Contacts: African, West Indian and Afro-American." In The Black Writer, edited by Lloyd W. Brown, 119-49. Los Angeles: Hennessey and Ingalls, 1973.
107. Coons, Lorraine, and Alexander Varias. Tourist Third Cabin: Steamship Travel in the Interwar Years. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
108. Cooper, Frederick. "What Is the Concept of Globalization Good For? An African Historian's Perspective." African Affairs 100 (2001): 189-213.
109. Cooper, Frederick, and Rogers Brubaker. "Beyond Identity." Theory and Society 29 (2000): 1-47.
110. Cronon, Edmund. Black Moses: The Story of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1955.
111. de la Fuente, Alejandro. "Myths of Racial Democracy: Cuba, 1900-1912." Latin American Research Review 34 (1999): 39-73.
112. de la Fuente, Alejandro. A Nation for All: Race, Inequality, and Politics in Twentieth-Century Cuba. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
113. Delpar, Helen. The Enormous Vogue of Things Mexican: Cultural Relations between the United States and Mexico, 1920-1935. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1992.
114. Deschamps Chapeaux, Pedro. El Negro en el periodismo cubano en el siglo XIX. Havana: Ediciones R, 1963.
115. Diamond, Elin, ed. Performance and Cultural Politics. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.
116. Dominguez, Bernardo García. "Garvey and Cuba." In Garvey: His Work and Impact, edited by Rupert Lewis and Patrick Bryan, 299-305. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World, 1991.
117. Dozier, Richard K. "Tuskegee: Booker T. Washington's Contribution to the Training of Black Architects." Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan, 1990.
118. Dzidzienyo, Anani, and Suzanne Oboler, eds. Neither Enemies nor Friends: Latinos, Blacks, Afro-Latinos. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
119. Ebron, Paulla A. "Tourists as Pilgrims: Commercial Fashioning of Transatlantic Politics." American Ethnologist 26 (1999): 910-32.
120. Edwards, Brent Hayes. The Practice of Diaspora: Literature, Translation, and the Rise of Black Internationalism. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2003.
121. Edwards, Brent Hayes. "The Uses of Diaspora." Social Text 19 (2001): 45-73.
122. Ellis, Keith. "Nicolás Guillén and Langston Hughes: Convergences and Divergences." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 129-67.
123. Engs, Robert Francis. Educating the Disfranchised and Disinherited: Samuel Chapman Armstrong and Hampton Institute, 1839-1893. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1999.
124. Fanon, Frantz. The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove, 1963.
125. Fernandes, Sujatha. Cuba Represent! Cuban Arts, State Power, and the Making of New Revolutionary Cultures. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2006.
126. Fernández de Castro, José Antonio. Tema negro en las letras de Cuba. Havana: Ediciones Mirador, 1943.
127. Fernández Robaina, Tomás. Hablen paleros y santeros. Havana: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 1997.
128. Fernández Robaina, Tomás. "Marcus Garvey in Cuba." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 120-28.
129. Fernández Robaina, Tomás. El Negro en Cuba, 1902-1958: Apuntes para la historia de la lucha contra la discriminación racial. Havana: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 1994.
130. Ferrer, Ada. Insurgent Cuba: Race, Nation, and Revolution, 1868-1898. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
131. Fields, Dorothy Jenkins. "Tracing Overtown's Vernacular Architecture." Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts 23 (1998): 322-33.
132. Foster, Mark S. "In the Face of 'Jim Crow': Prosperous Blacks and Vacations, Travel and Outdoor Leisure, 1890-1945." Journal of Negro History 84 (Spring 1999): 130-49.
133. Fox, Ted. Showtime at the Apollo. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1983.
134. Gaines, Kevin K. American Africans in Ghana: Black Expatriates and the Civil Rights Era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
135. Gaines, Kevin K. Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
136. Gatewood, Willard. Black Americans and the White Man's Burden. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975.
137. Gatewood, Willard. "Smoked Yankees" and the Struggle for Empire: Letters from Negro Soldiers, 1898-1902. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
138. Geiss, Immanuel. The Pan-African Movement. London: Methuen, 1974.
139. Gill, Tiffany M. Civic Beauty: Beauticians, Beauty Salons, and the Politics of African American Female Entrepreneurship. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, forthcoming.
140. Gillespie, Dizzy. To Be, or Not ... to Bop. New York: Da Capo, 1979.
141. Gilmore, Glenda E. Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
142. Gilroy, Paul. Between Camps: Nations, Cultures, and the Allure of Race. London: Routledge, 2004.
143. Gilroy, Paul. The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.
144. Giovannetti, Jorge L. "Black British Subjects in Cuba: Race, Ethnicity, Nation, Identity in the Migratory Experience, 1898-1938." Ph.D. diss., University of North London, 2001.
145. Giovannetti, Jorge L. "The Elusive Organization of 'Identity': Race, Religion, and Empire among Caribbean Migrants in Cuba." Small Axe 10 (2006): 1-27.
146. Glasser, Ruth. My Music Is My Flag: Puerto Rican Musicians and Their New York Communities, 1917-1940. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
147. Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington, and Africa, 1959-1976. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
148. Gobat, Michel. Confronting the American Dream: Nicaragua under U.S. Imperial Rule. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2005.
149. Gomez, Michael. Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
150. Goodman, James E. Stories of Scottsboro. New York: Pantheon Books, 1994.
151. Gorry, Conner. "Timeless Cool." Cuba Absolutely 1 (2007), 〈 http://www.cubaabsolutely.com/music/Timeless_Cool.html. 〉, 1 December 2008.
152. Gosse, Van. "The African-American Press Greets the Cuban Revolution." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 266-80.
153. Gosse, Van. Where the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America, and the Making of the New Left. London: Verso, 1993.
154. Greenbaum, Susan. More than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002.
155. Grillo, Evelio. Black Cuban, Black American: A Memoir. Houston: Arte Público, 2000.
156. Gunning, Sandra, Tera W. Hunter, and Michele Mitchell. "Introduction: Gender, Sexuality, and African Diasporas." Gender and History 15 (2003): 397-408.
157. Guridy, Frank A. " 'Enemies of the White Race': The Machadista State and the UNIA in Cuba." Caribbean Studies 31 (2003): 117-39.
158. Guridy, Frank A. "Feeling Diaspora in Harlem and Havana." Social Text 27 (Spring 2009): 115-40.
159. Guridy, Frank A. "From Solidarity to Cross-Fertilization: Afro-Cuban/African American Interaction during the 1930s and 1940s." Radical History Review 87 (Fall 2003): 19-48.
160. Guridy, Frank A. "Racial Knowledge in Cuba: The Production of a Social Fact, 1912-1944." Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan, 2002.
161. Hanson, Joyce A. Mary McLeod Bethune and Black Women's Political Activism. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003.
162. Harlan, Louis R. Booker T. Washington: The Making of a Black Leader, 1856-1901. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
163. Harlan, Louis R. Booker T. Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee, 1901-1915. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
164. Harlan, Louis R., et al., eds. The Booker T. Washington Papers. 14 vols. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1972-89.
165. Hayre, Ruth Wright, and Alexis Moore. Tell Them We Are Rising: A Memoir of Faith in Education. Foreword by Ed Bradley. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1997.
166. Headrick, Daniel. Tools of Empire: Technology and European Expansion in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.
167. Heinzelman, Kurt, ed. The Covarrubias Circle. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004.
168. Helg, Aline. "Black Men, Racial Stereotyping, and Violence in Cuba and the U.S. South at the Turn of the Century." Comparative Studies in Society and History 42 (2000): 576-604.
169. Helg, Aline. Our Rightful Share: The Afro-Cuban Struggle for Equality, 1886-1912. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
170. Hevia Lanier, Oilda. El directorio central de las Sociedades Negras de Cuba, 1886-1894. Havana: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 1996.
171. Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks. Righteous Discontent: The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880-1920. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.
172. Hill, Robert A. "Boundaries of Belonging: Essay on Comparative Caribbean Garveyism." Caribbean Studies 31, no. 1 (2003): 11-22.
173. Hill, Robert A. "Making Noise: Marcus Garvey's Dada, August 1922." In Picturing Us: African American Identity in Photography, edited by Deborah Willis, 181-205. New York: Free Press, 1994.
174. Hoffnung-Garskof, Jesse. "The Migrations of Arturo Schomburg: On Being Antillano, Negro, and Puerto Rican in New York, 1891-1938." Journal of American Ethnic History 21 (Fall 2002): 3-49.
175. Hogan, Lawrence D. A Black National News Service: The Associated Negro Press and Claude Barnett, 1919-1945. Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1984.
176. Holloway, Jonathan Scott. Confronting the Veil: Abram Harris Jr., E. Franklin Frazier, and Ralph Bunche, 1919-1941. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
177. Holsey, Bayo. "Transatlantic Dreaming: Slavery, Tourism, and Diasporic Encounters." In Homecomings: Unsettling Paths of Return, edited by F. A. S. Markowitz, 166-82. New York: Lexington Books, 2004.
178. Horrego Estuch, Leopoldo. Juan Gualberto Gómez: Un gran inconforme. Havana: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 2004.
179. Howard, Philip A. Changing History: Afro-Cuban Cabildos and Societies of Color in the Nineteenth Century. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998.
180. Inglish, Leona Frances. "The Transportation System of the United Fruit Company." M.S. thesis, University of Chicago, 1932.
181. Instituto de Historia de Cuba. La Neocolonia: Organización y crisis desde 1899 hasta 1940. Havana: Editora Política, 1998.
182. Jackson, Jeffrey H. Making Jazz French: Music and Modern Life in Interwar Paris. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003.
183. Jackson, Richard L. Black Writers in Latin America. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1979.
184. Jacques, Geoffrey "CuBop! Afro-Cuban Music and Mid-Twentieth-Century American Culture." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 249-65.
185. James, Winston. Holding Aloft the Banner of Ethiopia. London: Verso, 1998.
186. Janken, Kenneth Robert. Rayford Logan and the Dilemmas of the African-American Intellectual. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993.
187. Joseph, Gilbert M., Catherine C. LeGrand, and Ricardo D. Salvatore, eds. Close Encounters of Empire: Writing the Cultural History of U.S.-Latin American Relations. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1998.
188. Julien, Isaac. Looking for Langston. New York: Water Bearer Films, 1992.
189. Kaup, Monica. " 'Our America That Is Not One': Transnational Black Atlantic Discourses in Nicolás Guillén and Langston Hughes." Discourse 22 (Fall 2000): 87-113.
190. Kelley, Robin D.G. " 'But a Local Phase of a World Problem': Black History's Global Vision." Journal of American History 86 (1999): 1045-92.
191. Kelley, Robin D.G. Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination. New York: Beacon, 2002.
192. Kelley, Robin D.G. "The World the Diaspora Made: C. L. R. James and the Politics of History." In Rethinking C. L. R. James, edited by Grant Farred, 103-30. London: Blackwell, 1996.
193. Kelly, Brian. "Sentinels for a New South Industry: Booker T. Washington and Black Workers in the Jim Crow South." Labor History 44 (2003): 337-57.
194. King, Kenneth. Pan-Africanism and Education: A Study of Race Philanthropy and Education in the Southern States of America and East Africa. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971.
195. Kutzinski, Vera. Sugar's Secrets: Race and the Erotics of Cuban Nationalism. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993.
196. Kutzinski, Vera. "Yo También Soy America." American Literary History 18 (2006): 550-78.
197. Levine, Lawrence W. "Marcus Garvey and the Politics of Revitalization." In Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century, edited by John Hope Franklin and August Meier, 105-38. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.
198. Lewis, David Levering. W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919. New York: Henry Holt, 1993.
199. Lewis, David Levering. W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919-1963. New York: Henry Holt, 2000.
200. Lewis, David Levering. When Harlem Was in Vogue. 2nd ed. New York: Penguin, 1997.
201. Lewis, Earl. In Their Own Interests: Race, Class, and Power in Twentieth Century Norfolk. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
202. Lewis, Earl. "To Turn as on a Pivot: Writing African Americans into a History of Overlapping Diasporas." American Historical Review 100 (June 1995): 765-87.
203. Lewis, Rupert. Marcus Garvey: Anti-Colonial Champion. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 1988.
204. Lobo Montalvo, María Luisa, Zoila Lapique Becali, Narciso G. Menocal, and Edward Shaw. "The Years of Social." Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts 22 (1996): 104-31.
205. Locke, Alain, ed. The New Negro. New York: Albert & Charles Boni, 1925.
206. MacPherson, Anne. "Colonial Matriarchs: Garveyism, Maternalism, and Belize's Black Cross Nurses." Gender and History 15 (2003): 507-27.
207. Marcus Garvey: Look for Me in the Whirlwind. Produced and directed by Stanley Nelson. Arlington, Va.: PBS Home Video, 2001.
208. Martin, Tony. Race First: The Organizational and Ideological Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Dover, Mass.: Majority Press, 1976.
209. Matory, J. Lorand. "Afro-Atlantic Culture: On the Live Dialogue between Africa and the Americas." In Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, ed. Henry Louis Gates and K. Anthony Appiah, 36-44. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999.
210. Matory, J. Lorand. "The English Professors of Brazil: On the Diasporic Roots of the Yoruba Nation." Comparative Studies in Society and History 41 (1999): 72-103.
211. McHenry, Elizabeth. Forgotten Readers: Recovering the Lost History of African American Literary Societies. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2002.
212. McLeod, Marc C. "Garveyism in Cuba, 1920-1940." Journal of Caribbean History 30 (1996): 132-68.
213. McLeod, Marc C. "Sin dejar de ser cubanos: Cuban Blacks and the Challenges of Garveyism in Cuba." Caribbean Studies 31 (2003): 75-104.
214. McLeod, Marc C. "Undesirable Aliens: Race, Ethnicity, and Nationalism in the Comparison of Haitian and British West Indian Immigrant Workers in Cuba, 1912-1939." Journal of Social History 31 (Spring 1998): 599-623.
215. Mealy, Rosemari. Fidel and Malcolm X: Memories of a Meeting. Melbourne: Ocean Press, 1990.
216. Meier, August. Negro Thought in America: Racial Ideologies in the Age of Booker T. Washington. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1963.
217. Meier, August, and Elliot Rudwick. Black History and the Historical Profession. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.
218. Meriwether, James H. Proudly We Can Be Africans: Black Americans and Africa, 1935-1961. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
219. Miller, Floyd J. The Search for a Black Nationality: Black Emigrationism and Colonization, 1787-1863. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975.
220. Miller, James A., Susan D. Pennybacker, and Eve Rosenhaft. "Mother Ada Wright and the International Campaign to Free the Scottsboro Boys, 1931-1934." American Historical Review 106 (April 2001): 387-430.
221. Mirabal, Nancy Raquel. " 'No Country but the One We Must Fight For': The Emergence of an Antillean Nation and Community in New York City, 1860-1901." In Mambo Montage: The Latinization of New York, edited by Agustín Laó-Montes and Arlene Dávila, 57-72. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.
222. Mirabal, Nancy Raquel. "Scripting Race, Finding Place: African Americans, Afro-Cubans, and the Diasporic Imaginary in the United States." In Neither Enemies nor Friends: Latinos, Blacks, Afro-Latinos, edited by Anani Dzidzienyo and Suzanne Oboler, 189-208. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
223. Mirabal, Nancy Raquel. "Telling Silences and Making Community: Afro-Cubans and African Americans in Ybor City and Tampa, 1899-1915." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 49-69.
224. Mitchell, Michele. Righteous Propagation: African Americans and the Politics of Racial Destiny after Reconstruction. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
225. Montejo Arrechea, Carmen. "Minerva: A Magazine for Women (and Men) of Color." In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 33-48.
226. Montgomery, William Leafonza. "Mission to Cuba and Costa Rica: The Oblate Sisters of Providence in Latin America, 1900-1970." Ph.D. diss., Catholic University of America, 1997.
227. Moore, Carlos. Castro, the Blacks, and Africa. Los Angeles: Center for African-American Studies, University of California Press, 1988.
228. Moore, Robin D. Nationalizing Blackness: Afrocubanismo and Artistic Revolution in Havana, 1920-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997.
229. Morrison, Karen Y. "Civilization and Citizenship through the Eyes of Afro-Cuban Intellectuals during the First Constitutional Era, 1902-1940." Cuban Studies 30 (2000): 76-99.
230. Morrow, Diane Batts. Persons of Color and Religious at the Same Time: The Oblate Sisters of Providence, 1828-1860. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
231. Mullen, Edward J. Afro-Cuban Literature: Critical Junctures. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1998.
232. Mulzac, Hugh. A Star to Steer By. New York: International Publishers, 1963.
233. Nadell, Martha Jane. Enter the New Negroes: Images of Race in American Culture. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004.
234. Navarro, José-Manuel. Creating Tropical Yankees: Social Science Textbooks and U.S. Ideological Control in Puerto Rico, 1898-1908. New York: Routledge, 2002.
235. Neptune, Harvey R. Caliban and the Yankees: Trinidad and the United States Occupation. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
236. Newton, Velma. The Silver Men: West Indian Labor Migration to Panama, 1850-1914. Mona: University of the West Indies Press, 1984.
237. Nordin, Dennis S. The New Deal's Black Congressman: A Life of Arthur Wergs Mitchell. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1997.
238. Nwankwo, Ifeoma Kiddoe. Black Cosmopolitanism: Racial Consciousness and Transnational Identity in the Nineteenth-Century Americas. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
239. Nwankwo, Ifeoma Kiddoe. "Langston Hughes and the Translations of Nicolás Guillén's Afro-Cuban Culture and Language." Langston Hughes Review 16, nos. 1 and 2 (1999-2001): 55-72.
240. Ordetx, Luis Machado. Coterráneos: Testimonio. Santa Clara, Cuba: Ediciones Capiro, 1997.
241. Ortiz, Fernando. Cuban Counterpoint: Tobacco and Sugar. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1995.
242. Ortiz, Fernando. Hampa afrocubana: Los negros brujos. Madrid: Librería de F. Fé, 1906.
243. Pérez, Louis A. Cuba under the Platt Amendment, 1902-1934. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986.
244. Ortiz, Fernando. On Becoming Cuban: Identity, Nationality, and Culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
245. Pierre, Jemima. "Beyond Heritage Tourism: Race and the Politics of African-Diasporic Interactions." Social Text 27 (2009): 59-81.
246. Plummer, Brenda Gayle. "Castro in Harlem: A Cold War Watershed." In Rethinking the Cold War, edited by Allen Hunter, 133-53. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998.
247. Plummer, Brenda Gayle. Rising Wind: Black Americans and U.S. Foreign Affairs, 1935-1960. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
248. Polyné, Millery. Black Pan-Americanism: U.S. African-Americans and Haitian Affairs. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, forthcoming.
249. Poyo, Gerald. "With All, and for the Good of All": The Emergence of Popular Nationalism in the Cuban Communities of the United States, 1848-1898. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1989.
250. Putnam, Lara. The Company They Kept: Migrants and the Politics of Gender
251. Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. Vol. 1, 1902-1941: I, Too, Sing America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
252. Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. Vol. 2, 1941-1967: I Dream a World. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
253. Reid, Ira de Augustine. The Negro Immigrant: His Background, Characteristics, and Social Adjustment, 1899-1937. New York: Columbia University Press, 1939.
254. Reitan, Ruth. The Rise and Fall of an Alliance: Cuba and African-American Leaders in the 1960s. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1999.
255. Renda, Mary A. Taking Haiti: Military Occupation and the Culture of U.S. Imperialism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
256. Richards, Sandra L. "What Is to Be Remembered? Tourism to Ghana's Slave Castle-Dungeons." Theatre Journal 57 (2005): 617-37.
257. Rodríguez, Pedro Pablo. "Marcus Garvey en Cuba." Anales del Caribe (1987-88): 279-301.
258. Rowlinson, Mary G. Grassroots Garveyism: The Universal Negro Improvement Association in the Rural South, 1920-1927. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
259. Rubiera Castillo, Daisy. Reyita, sencillamente. Havana: Instituto del Libro Cubano, 1997.
260. Rushing, Fannie T. "Cabildos de Nación and Sociedades de la Raza de Color: Afro-Cuban Participation in Slave Emancipation and Cuban Independence, 1865-1895." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1992.
261. Savigliano, Mara. Tango and the Political Economy of Passion: From Exoticism to Decolonization. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1995.
262. Schechner, Richard. Between Theatre and Anthropology. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.
263. Schmidt, Hans. The United States Occupation of Haiti, 1915-1934. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1971.
264. Schwartz, Rosalie. "Cuba's Roaring Twenties: Race Consciousness and the Column 'Ideales de una Raza.' " In Brock and Castañeda Fuertes, Between Race and Empire, 104-19.
265. Schwartz, Rosalie. "The Displaced and the Disappointed: Cultural Nationalists and Black Activists in Cuba in the 1920s." Ph.D. diss., University of California at San Diego, 1977.
266. Schwartz, Rosalie. Pleasure Island: Tourism and Temptation in Cuba. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999.
267. Schwarz, A. B. Christa. Gay Voices of the Harlem Renaissance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.
268. Scott, Rebecca J. Degrees of Freedom: Louisiana and Cuba after Slavery. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2005.
269. Scott, Rebecca J. Slave Emancipation in Cuba: The Transition to Free Labor, 1860-1899. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985.
270. Scott, William. "Motivos of Translation." CR: The New Centennial Review 5 (2005): 35-71.
271. Seigel, Micol. "Beyond Compare: The Comparative Method and the Transnational Turn." Radical History Review 91 (2005): 62-90.
272. Seiler, Cotton. " 'So That We as a Race Might Have Something Authentic to Travel By': African American Automobility and Cold-War Liberalism." American Quarterly 58 (December 2006): 1091-1118.
273. Seraile, William. "Henrietta Vinton Davis and the Garvey Movement." Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 7 (1983): 7-24.
274. Shaw, Stephanie. What a Woman Ought to Be and to Do: Black Professional Women Workers during the Jim Crow Era. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.
275. Sinnette, Elinor Des Verney. Arthur Alfonso Schomburg: Black Bibliophile and Collector. New York: New York Public Library; Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1989.
276. Sitkoff, Harvard. A New Deal for Blacks: The Emergence of Civil Rights as a National Issue. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
277. Solomon, Mark. The Cry Was Unity: Communists and African Americans, 1917-1936. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1998.
278. Spivey, Donald. Schooling for the New Slavery: Black Industrial Education, 1868-1915. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1978.
279. Stein, Judith. The World of Marcus Garvey: Race and Class in Modern Society. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1986.
280. Stephens, Michele. Black Empire: The Masculine Global Imaginary of Caribbean Intellectuals in the United States, 1914-1962. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2005.
281. Stoler, Ann Laura, Carole McGranahan, and Peter C. Perdue. Imperial Formations. Oxford: James Currey, 2007.
282. Stoner, K. Lynn. From the House to the Streets: The Cuban Woman's Movement for Legal Reform, 1898-1940. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1991.
283. Sullivan, Patricia. Days of Hope: Race and Democracy in the New Deal Era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
284. Summers, Martin. Manliness and Its Discontents: The Black Middle Class and the Transformation of Masculinity, 1900-1930. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
285. Swan, Harry. "The Nineteen Twenties: A Decade of Intellectual Change in Cuba." Revista/Review Interamericana 8 (1978): 275-88.
286. Sweet, James. Recreating Africa: Culture, Kinship, and Religion in the African-Portuguese World, 1441-1770. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
287. Taylor, Diana. The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003.
288. Taylor, Ula Y. The Veiled Garvey: The Life and Times of Amy Jacques Garvey. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
289. Testa, Silvina. Como una memoria que dura: Cabildos, sociedades y religiones afrocubanas de Sagua la Grande. Havana: Ediciones La Memoria, Centro Cultural Pablo de la Torriente Brau, 2004.
290. Tolbert, Emory. The U.N.I.A. and Black Los Angeles: Ideology and Community in the American Garvey Movement. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1980.
291. Toll, William. "Free Men, Freedmen, and Race: Black Social Theory in a Gilded Age." Journal of Southern History 44 (November 1978): 571-96.
292. Trotter, Joe William, ed. The Great Migration in Historical Perspective: New Perspectives on Race, Class, and Gender. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.
293. Tushnet, Mark V. The NAACP's Legal Strategy against Segregated Education, 1925-1950. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987.
294. Vaillant, Janet. Black, French, and African: A Life of Léopold Sédar Senghor. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1990.
295. Von Eschen, Penny. Race against Empire: Black Americans and Anticolonialism, 1937-1957. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1997.
296. Wadelington, Charles W., and Richard F. Knapp. Charlotte Hawkins Brown and Palmer Memorial Institute: What One Young African American Woman Could Do. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
297. Watkins-Owens, Irma. Blood Relations: Caribbean Immigrants and the Harlem Community, 1900-1930. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.
298. Weiss, Ellen. "Tuskegee: Landscape in Black and White." Winterthur Portfolio 36 (2001): 19-37.
299. White, Deborah Gray. Too Heavy a Load: Black Women in Defense of Themselves. New York: Norton, 1999.
300. Whitney, Robert. State and Revolution in Cuba: Mass Mobilization and Political Change, 1920-1940. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
301. Williams, Adriana. Covarrubias. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994.
302. Willis-Braithwaite, Deborah. VanDerZee: Photographer, 1886-1983. New York: H. N. Adams, 1993.
303. Woods, Randall B. A Black Odyssey: John Lewis Waller and the Promise of American Life, 1878-1900. Lawrence: Kansas University Press, 1981.
304. Young, Cynthia A. Soul Power: Culture, Radicalism, and the Making of a U.S. Third World Left. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2006.
305. Zimmerman, Andrew. "A German Alabama in Africa: The Tuskegee Expedition to German Togo and the Transnational Origins of West African Cotton Growers." American Historical Review 110 (December 2005): 1362-98.