Integrated testing strategies and the prediction of toxic hazard

Issues in Toxicology

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 584-605

  Balls, M ^a  

^a RUSSELL AND BURCH HOUSE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84897514972     PISSN: 17577179     EISSN: 17577187     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. E. Walum, M. Balls, V. Bianchi, B. Blaauboer, G. Bolcsfoldi, A. Guillouzo, G. A. Moore, L. Odland, C. Reinhardt and H. Spielmann, Altern. Lab. Animal, 1992, 20, 406.
2. H. Seibert, M. Balls, J. H. Fentem, V. Bianchi, R. H. Clothier, P. J. Dierickx, B. Ekwall, M. J. Garle, M. J. Gó mez-Lechó n, L. Gribaldo, M. Gülden, M. Liebsch, E. Rasmussen, R. Roguet, R. Shrivastava and E. Walum, Altern. Lab. Anim., 1996, 24, 499.
3. B. J. Blaauboer, M. D. Barratt and J. B. Houston, Altern. Lab. Anim., 1999, 27, 229.
4. ICCVAM, Report of the International Workshop on In vitro Methods for Assessing Acute Systemic Toxicity, National Institutes of Health, Washington DC, 2001, NIH Publication No. 01-4499.
5. R. Combes, M. Barratt and M. Balls, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2003, 31, 7.
6. C. Grindon, R. Combes, M. T. D. Cronin, D. W. Roberts and J. F. Garrod, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2006, 34, 407.
7. Altern. Lab. Anim., 2008, 36 Suppl. 1, 1-147.
8. C. Grindon, R. Combes, M. T. D. Cronin, D. W. Roberts and J. F. Garrod, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2008, 36, 65.
9. R. Combes, M. Balls, P. Illing, N. Bhogal, J. Dales, G. Duvé, V. Feron, C. Grindon, M. Gülden, G. Loizou, R. Priston and C. Westmoreland, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2006, 34, 621.
10. Health Council of The Netherlands, Toxicity Testing: A More Efficient Approach, The Health Council of The Netherlands (Gezondheidsraad), The Hague, 2001, U 2260/ES/mj/442-B3.
11. B. J. Blaauboer and M. E. Andersen, Arch. Toxicol., 2007, 81, 385.
12. B. J. Blaauboer, Toxicol. Lett., 2008, 180, 81.
13. P. Carmichael, M. Davies, M. Dent, J. Fentem, S. Fletcher, N. Gilmour, C. MacKay, G. Maxwell, L. Merolla, C. Pease, F. Reynolds and C. Westmoreland, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2009, 37, 595.
14. J. Doehmer, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2009, 37(Suppl. 1), 29.
15. G. T. Baxter, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2009, 37(Suppl. 1), 11.
16. A. Li, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2009, 37, 377.
17. C. Giese, C. Demmler, R. Ammer, S. Hartmann, A. Lubitz, L. Miller, T. Mueller and U. Marx, Artif. Organs, 2006, 30, 803.
18. U. Marx, in In vitro Drug Testing - Breakthroughs and Trends in Cell Culture Technologies, ed. U. Marx and V. Sandig, 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, p. 271.
19. European Chemical Agency, Guidance in a Nutshell. Chemical Safety Assessment, EChA, Helsinki, Finland, 2009, http://guidance.echa.europa.eu/docs/ guidance-document/nutshell-guidance-csa-en.pdf [accessed March 2010].
20. C. Grindon and R. Combes, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2008, 36(Suppl. 1), 1.
21. Directive 2003/15/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 February 2003 amending Council Directive 76/768/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products, Off. J. Eur. Union, 2003, L66, 26-35.
22. COLIPA, Working Together to Replace Animal Testing, COLIPA, Brussels, 2009, www.thefactsabout.co.uk/files/10320091546293744-Colipa-BrochureJaber-Def- 5.pdf [accessed March 2010].
23. US Food and Drug Administration, Challenge and Opportunity on the Critical Path to New Medicinal Products, US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 2004.
24. National Research Council, Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy, National Academy Press, Washington DC, 2007.
25. R. Combes, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2007, 35, 375.
26. T. Hartung, ALTEX, 2007, 24, 67.
27. Corrigendum to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency, amending Directive 1999/45/ EC and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 as well as Council Directive 76/769/EEC and Commission Directives 91/155/EEC, 93/67/EEC, 93/105/EC and 2000/21/ EC (Official Journal of the European Union L396 of 30 December 2006), Off. J. Eur. Union, 2007, L136, 3-280.
28. R. D. Combes, I. Gaunt and M. Balls, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2004, 32, 168.
29. M. Balls and R. D. Combes, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2006, 34, 105.
30. M. Balls, P. A. Botham, L. H. Bruner and H. Spielmann, Toxicol. In vitro, 1995, 9, 871.
31. H. Spielmann, M. Balls, J. Dupuis, W. J. W. Pape, G. Pechovitch, O. de Silva, H. G. Holzhü tter, R. Clothier, P. Desolle, F. Gerberick, M. Liebsch, W. W. Lovell, T. Maurer, U. Pfannenbecker, J. M. Potthast, M. Csato, D. Sladowski, W. Steiling and P. Brantom, Toxicol. In vitro, 1998, 12, 305.
32. M. Balls, P. Amcoff, S. Bremer, S. Casati, S. Coecke, R. Clothier, R. Combes, R. Corvi, R. Curren, C. Eskes, J. Fentem, L. Gribaldo, M. Halder, T. Hartung, S. Hoffmann, L. Schechtman, L. Scott, H. Spielmann, W. Stokes, R. Tice, D. Wagner and V. Zuang, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2006, 34, 608.
33. European Chemical Agency, Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment, EChA, Helsinki, Finland, 2009, http://guidance.echa. europa.eu/docs/guidance-document/information-requirements-en.htm [accessed March 2010].
34. J. A. Vonk, R. Benigni, M. Hewitt, M. Nendza, H. Segner, D. van de Meent and M. T. D. Cronin, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2009, 37, 557.
35. Anon., 'EPAA Annual Conference 2008', European Commission Joint Research Centre News & Events [online], 3 November 2008, http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/ index.cfm?id=1410&obj-id=2110&dt-code=EVN&lang=en [accessed March 2010].
36. E. Benfenati, G. Gini, S. Hoffmann and R. Luttik, Altern. Lab. Anim., 2010, 38, 153.