메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 55-75

The stratum corneum and aging

Author keywords

Barrier; desquamation; dry skin; moisturizer; stratum corneum

Indexed keywords


EID: 84892138988     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89656-2_7     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (8)

References (126)
  • 1
    • 0018644413 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives and problems in cutaneous gerontology
    • Kligman AM. Perspectives and problems in cutaneous gerontology. J Invest Dermatol. 1979;73:39-46.
    • (1979) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.73 , pp. 39-46
    • Kligman, A.M.1
  • 2
    • 0014702762 scopus 로고
    • Regional differences of cell sizes in the human stratum corneum. I
    • Plewig G, Marples RR. Regional differences of cell sizes in the human stratum corneum. I. J Invest Dermatol. 1970;54(1):13-18.
    • (1970) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-18
    • Plewig, G.1    Marples, R.R.2
  • 3
    • 0018634893 scopus 로고
    • Exfoliative cytological procedures as a nonintrusive method for dermatogerontological studies
    • Grove GL. Exfoliative cytological procedures as a nonintrusive method for dermatogerontological studies. J Invest Dermatol. 1979;73 (1):67-69.
    • (1979) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.73 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-69
    • Grove, G.L.1
  • 4
    • 0015009327 scopus 로고
    • Skin surface biopsy: An improved technique for the examination of the horny layer
    • Marks R, Dawber RP. Skin surface biopsy: An improved technique for the examination of the horny layer. Br J Dermatol. 1971;84 (2):117-123.
    • (1971) Br J Dermatol. , vol.84 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-123
    • Marks, R.1    Dawber, R.P.2
  • 5
    • 0025819102 scopus 로고
    • Decreased level of ceramides in stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis an etiologic factor in atopic dry skin?
    • Imokawa G, Abe A, Jin Y, et al. Decreased level of ceramides in stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis: An etiologic factor in atopic dry skin? J Invest Dermatol. 1991;96(4):523-526.
    • (1991) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.96 , Issue.4 , pp. 523-526
    • Imokawa, G.1    Abe, A.2    Jin, Y.3
  • 6
    • 0026468960 scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum sphingolipids and free amino acids in experimentally induced scaly skin
    • Denda M, Hori J, Koyama J. Stratum corneum sphingolipids and free amino acids in experimentally induced scaly skin. Arch Dermatol Res. 1992;284(6):363-367.
    • (1992) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.284 , Issue.6 , pp. 363-367
    • Denda, M.1    Hori, J.2    Koyama, J.3
  • 7
    • 0000526274 scopus 로고
    • Senile xerosis: Functional, morphological and biochemical studies
    • Hara M, Kikuchi K, Watanabe M, et al. Senile xerosis: Functional, morphological and biochemical studies. J Geriatr Dermatol. 1993;1:111-120.
    • (1993) J Geriatr Dermatol. , vol.1 , pp. 111-120
    • Hara, M.1    Kikuchi, K.2    Watanabe, M.3
  • 8
    • 0022455643 scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in surfactant induced dry scaly skin
    • Fulmer AW, Kramer GJ. Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in surfactant induced dry scaly skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1986;86 (5):598-602.
    • (1986) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.86 , Issue.5 , pp. 598-602
    • Fulmer, A.W.1    Kramer, G.J.2
  • 9
    • 0029973936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneums lipids: The effect of ageing and the seasons
    • Rogers J, Harding CR, Mayo A, et al. Stratum corneums lipids: The effect of ageing and the seasons. Arch Dermatol Res. 1996;288: 765-770.
    • (1996) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.288 , pp. 765-770
    • Rogers, J.1    Harding, C.R.2    Mayo, A.3
  • 10
    • 0028960479 scopus 로고
    • The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model
    • Ghadially R, Brown BE, Sequeira-Martin SM, et al. The aged epidermal permeability barrier. Structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. J Clin Invest. 1995;95(5):2281-2290.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest. , vol.95 , Issue.5 , pp. 2281-2290
    • Ghadially, R.1    Brown, B.E.2    Sequeira-Martin, S.M.3
  • 11
    • 21844516295 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities in stratum corneum structure lipid composition and desmosome degradation in soap-induced winter xerosis
    • Rawlings AV, Watkinson A, Rogers J, et al. Abnormalities in stratum corneum structure lipid composition and desmosome degradation in soap-induced winter xerosis. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1994;45: 203-220.
    • (1994) J Soc Cosmet Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 203-220
    • Rawlings, A.V.1    Watkinson, A.2    Rogers, J.3
  • 12
    • 0025955486 scopus 로고
    • Structural investigations of human stratum corneum by small-angle X-ray scattering
    • Bouwstra JA, Gooris GS, Van Der Spek JA, et al. Structural investigations of human stratum corneum by small-angle X-ray scattering. J Invest Dermatol. 1991;97(6):1005-1012.
    • (1991) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.97 , Issue.6 , pp. 1005-1012
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    Gooris, G.S.2    Van Der Spek, J.A.3
  • 13
    • 0024374129 scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum hydration and amino acid content in xerotic skin
    • Horii I, Nakayama Y, Obata M, et al. Stratum corneum hydration and amino acid content in xerotic skin. Br J Dermatol. 1989;121 (5):587-592.
    • (1989) Br J Dermatol. , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 587-592
    • Horii, I.1    Nakayama, Y.2    Obata, M.3
  • 14
    • 0025074857 scopus 로고
    • Effects of aging and xerosis on the amino acid composition of human skin
    • Jacobson TM, Yüksel JC, Geesin JC, et al. Effects of aging and xerosis on the amino acid composition of human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1990;95(3):296-300.
    • (1990) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 296-300
    • Jacobson, T.M.1    Yüksel, J.C.2    Geesin, J.C.3
  • 17
    • 0037616556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desmocollins: A key marker for desmosome processing in stratum corneum
    • Long S, Banks J, Watkinson A, et al. Desmocollins: A key marker for desmosome processing in stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 1996;106:872.
    • (1996) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.106 , pp. 872
    • Long, S.1    Banks, J.2    Watkinson, A.3
  • 18
    • 0035134024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of both peripheral and non-peripheral corneodesmosomes in the upper stratum corneum of winter xerosis skin versus only peripheral in normal skin
    • Simon M, Bernard D, Minondo AM, et al. Persistence of both peripheral and non-peripheral corneodesmosomes in the upper stratum corneum of winter xerosis skin versus only peripheral in normal skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;116:23-30.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.116 , pp. 23-30
    • Simon, M.1    Bernard, D.2    Minondo, A.M.3
  • 19
    • 45449124585 scopus 로고
    • Morphological and biochemical characterization of the cornified envelopes from human epidermal keratinocytes of different origin
    • Michel S, Schmidt R, Shroot B, et al. Morphological and biochemical characterization of the cornified envelopes from human epidermal keratinocytes of different origin. J Invest Dermatol. 1988;91(1):11-15.
    • (1988) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-15
    • Michel, S.1    Schmidt, R.2    Shroot, B.3
  • 20
    • 0035141813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of immature cornfield envelopes in the barrier-impaired epidermis by characterization of their hydrophobicity and antigenicities of the components
    • Hirao T, Denda M, Takahashi M. Identification of immature cornfield envelopes in the barrier-impaired epidermis by characterization of their hydrophobicity and antigenicities of the components. Exp Dermatol. 2001;10:35-44.
    • (2001) Exp Dermatol. , vol.10 , pp. 35-44
    • Hirao, T.1    Denda, M.2    Takahashi, M.3
  • 21
    • 0021215196 scopus 로고
    • A simplified method for measurement of desquamation using dansyl chloride fluorescence
    • Marks R, Black D, Hamami I, et al. A simplified method for measurement of desquamation using dansyl chloride fluorescence. Br J Dermatol. 1984;111(3):265-270.
    • (1984) Br J Dermatol. , vol.111 , Issue.3 , pp. 265-270
    • Marks, R.1    Black, D.2    Hamami, I.3
  • 22
    • 0002271904 scopus 로고
    • The biology of the stratum corneum
    • MontagnaW, Lobitz WC (eds). New York: Academic
    • Kligman AM. The biology of the stratum corneum. In:MontagnaW, Lobitz WC (eds) The Epidermis. New York: Academic, 1964, pp. 387-433.
    • (1964) The Epidermis , pp. 387-433
    • Kligman, A.M.1
  • 23
    • 76949135974 scopus 로고
    • Factors which influence the water content of the stratum corneum
    • Blank IH. Factors which influence the water content of the stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 1952;18:433-440.
    • (1952) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.18 , pp. 433-440
    • Blank, I.H.1
  • 24
    • 0001981103 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of water content with ultrastructure in the stratum corneum
    • Elsner P, Berardesca E, Maibach HI (eds). Boca Raton CRC Press
    • Warner RR, Lilly NA. Correlation of water content with ultrastructure in the stratum corneum. In: Elsner P, Berardesca E, Maibach HI (eds) Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and the Stratum Corneum. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1994, pp. 3-12.
    • (1994) Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and the Stratum Corneum , pp. 3-12
    • Warner, R.R.1    Lilly, N.A.2
  • 25
    • 0029052513 scopus 로고
    • The effect of glycerol and humidity on desmosome degradation in stratum corneum
    • Rawlings AV, Watkinson A, Hope J, et al. The effect of glycerol and humidity on desmosome degradation in stratum corneum. Arch Dermatol Res. 1995;287:457-464.
    • (1995) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.287 , pp. 457-464
    • Rawlings, A.V.1    Watkinson, A.2    Hope, J.3
  • 26
    • 0021929352 scopus 로고
    • Isolation, barrier properties and lipid analysis of stratum compactum, a discrete region of the stratum corneum
    • Bowser PA, White RJ. Isolation, barrier properties and lipid analysis of stratum compactum, a discrete region of the stratum corneum. Br J Dermatol. 1985;112(1):1-14.
    • (1985) Br J Dermatol. , vol.112 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Bowser, P.A.1    White, R.J.2
  • 27
    • 0034068163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-pressure freezing provides new information on human epidermis: Simultaneous protein antigen and lamellar lipid structure preservation. Study on human epidermis by cryoimmobilization
    • Pfeiffer S, Vielhaber G, Vietzke JP, et al. High-pressure freezing provides new information on human epidermis: Simultaneous protein antigen and lamellar lipid structure preservation. Study on human epidermis by cryoimmobilization. J Invest Dermatol. 2000;114(5):1030-1038.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.114 , Issue.5 , pp. 1030-1038
    • Pfeiffer, S.1    Vielhaber, G.2    Vietzke, J.P.3
  • 28
    • 0034778702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin barrier structure and function: The single gel phase model
    • Norlen L. Skin barrier structure and function: The single gel phase model. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:830-836.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.117 , pp. 830-836
    • Norlen, L.1
  • 29
    • 0037622077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water distribution and related morphology in human stratum corneum at different hydration levels
    • Bouwstra JA, De Graaff A, Gooris GS, et al. Water distribution and related morphology in human stratum corneum at different hydration levels. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120(5):750-758.
    • (2003) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.120 , Issue.5 , pp. 750-758
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    De Graaff, A.2    Gooris, G.S.3
  • 30
    • 5644291860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dead but highly dynamic-The stratum corneum is divided into three hydration zones
    • Richter T, Peuckert C, Sattler M, et al. Dead but highly dynamic-the stratum corneum is divided into three hydration zones. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2004;17(5):246-257.
    • (2004) Skin Pharmacol Physiol. , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 246-257
    • Richter, T.1    Peuckert, C.2    Sattler, M.3
  • 33
    • 0034105312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biased distribution of the branched-chain fatty acids in ceramides of vernix caseosa
    • Oku H, Mimura K, Tokitsu Y, et al. Biased distribution of the branched-chain fatty acids in ceramides of vernix caseosa. Lipids. 2000;35(4):373-381.
    • (2000) Lipids. , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 373-381
    • Oku, H.1    Mimura, K.2    Tokitsu, Y.3
  • 35
    • 33744957594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new covalently bound ceramide from human stratum corneum-o- hydroxyacylphytosphingosine
    • Hill J, Paslin D, Wertz PW. A new covalently bound ceramide from human stratum corneum-o-hydroxyacylphytosphingosine. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(3):225-230.
    • (2006) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-230
    • Hill, J.1    Paslin, D.2    Wertz, P.W.3
  • 36
    • 0036038643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human epidermal glucosylceramides are major precursors of stratum corneum ceramides
    • Hamanaka S, Hara M, Nishio H, et al. Human epidermal glucosylceramides are major precursors of stratum corneum ceramides. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;119:416-423.
    • (2002) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.119 , pp. 416-423
    • Hamanaka, S.1    Hara, M.2    Nishio, H.3
  • 37
    • 0021878670 scopus 로고
    • The composition of the ceramides from human stratum corneum and from comedones
    • Wertz PW, Miethke MC, Long SA, et al. The composition of the ceramides from human stratum corneum and from comedones. J Invest Dermatol. 1985;84(5):410-412.
    • (1985) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.84 , Issue.5 , pp. 410-412
    • Wertz, P.W.1    Miethke, M.C.2    Long, S.A.3
  • 38
    • 34249743185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separation and mass spectrometric characterization of covalently bound ceramides using LC/APCI-MS and Nano-ESI-MS/MS
    • Farwanah H, Pierstorff B, Schmelzer CEH, et al. Separation and mass spectrometric characterization of covalently bound ceramides using LC/APCI-MS and Nano-ESI-MS/MS. J Chromatogr. 2007;852:562-570.
    • (2007) J Chromatogr. , vol.852 , pp. 562-570
    • Farwanah, H.1    Pierstorff, B.2    Schmelzer, C.E.H.3
  • 39
    • 84892010237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of human stratum corneum ceramide EOS omega-hydroxy fatty acids
    • Rawlings AV, Hinder H, Puch P, et al. Composition of human stratum corneum ceramide EOS omega-hydroxy fatty acids. IFSCC Congress, 2008.
    • (2008) IFSCC Congress
    • Rawlings, A.V.1    Hinder, H.2    Puch, P.3
  • 40
    • 0032833887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron diffraction provides new information on human stratum corneum lipid organisation studied in relation to depth and temperature
    • Pilgram GSK, Engelsma-van Pelt AM, Bouwstra JA, et al. Electron diffraction provides new information on human stratum corneum lipid organisation studied in relation to depth and temperature. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113:403-409.
    • (1999) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.113 , pp. 403-409
    • Pilgram, G.S.K.1    Engelsma-Van Pelt, A.M.2    Bouwstra, J.A.3
  • 41
    • 0035095542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a possible method to investigate biophysical parameters of stratum corneum in vivo
    • Brancaleon L, Bamberg MP, Sakamaki T, et al. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a possible method to investigate biophysical parameters of stratum corneum in vivo. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;116:380-386.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.116 , pp. 380-386
    • Brancaleon, L.1    Bamberg, M.P.2    Sakamaki, T.3
  • 43
    • 0036229749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase behaviour of stratum corneum lipid mixtures based on human ceramides: The role of natural and synthetic ceramide 1
    • Bouwstra J, Gooris GS, Dubbelaar FER, et al. Phase behaviour of stratum corneum lipid mixtures based on human ceramides: The role of natural and synthetic ceramide 1. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;118:606-617.
    • (2002) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.118 , pp. 606-617
    • Bouwstra, J.1    Gooris, G.S.2    Dubbelaar, F.E.R.3
  • 44
    • 0029939307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in stratum corneum ceramide one fatty acid levels and the influence of topical fatty acids
    • Conti A, Rogers J, Verdejo P, et al. Seasonal changes in stratum corneum ceramide one fatty acid levels and the influence of topical fatty acids. Int J Cosmet Sci. 1996;18:1-12.
    • (1996) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 1-12
    • Conti, A.1    Rogers, J.2    Verdejo, P.3
  • 46
    • 0000279805 scopus 로고
    • A specialized role for ceramide one in the stratum corneum water barrier
    • Oldroyd J, Critchley P, Tiddy GJT, et al. A specialized role for ceramide one in the stratum corneum water barrier. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;102:525.
    • (1994) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.102 , pp. 525
    • Oldroyd, J.1    Critchley, P.2    Tiddy, G.J.T.3
  • 47
    • 33745249938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and characterization of a stratum corneum substitute for in vitro percutaneous penetration studies
    • de Jager M, Groenink W, Van Der Spek J, et al. Preparation and characterization of a stratum corneum substitute for in vitro percutaneous penetration studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1758 (5):636-644.
    • (2006) Biochim Biophys Acta. , vol.1758 , Issue.5 , pp. 636-644
    • De Jager, M.1    Groenink, W.2    Van Der Spek, J.3
  • 48
    • 1342335838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characteristic decrease in scalp stratum corneum lipids in dandruff is reversed by use of a ZnPTO containing shampoo
    • Meldrum H et al. The characteristic decrease in scalp stratum corneum lipids in dandruff is reversed by use of a ZnPTO containing shampoo. IFSCC Mag. 2003;6(1):3-6.
    • (2003) IFSCC Mag. , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-6
    • Meldrum, H.1
  • 49
    • 0031738525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to a dry environment enhances epidermal permeability barrier function
    • Denda M, Sato J, Masuda Y, et al. Exposure to a dry environment enhances epidermal permeability barrier function. J Invest Dermatol. 1998;111:858-863.
    • (1998) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.111 , pp. 858-863
    • Denda, M.1    Sato, J.2    Masuda, Y.3
  • 50
    • 0036428659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrupt decreases in environmental humidity induce abnormalities in permeability barrier homeostasis
    • Sato J, Denda M, Chang S, et al. Abrupt decreases in environmental humidity induce abnormalities in permeability barrier homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;119:900-904.
    • (2002) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.119 , pp. 900-904
    • Sato, J.1    Denda, M.2    Chang, S.3
  • 51
    • 16844364054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transepidermal water loss and skin capacitance alterations among workers in an ultra-low humidity environment
    • Chou TC, Lin KH, Wang SM, et al. Transepidermal water loss and skin capacitance alterations among workers in an ultra-low humidity environment. Arch Dermatol Res. 2005;296:489-495.
    • (2005) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.296 , pp. 489-495
    • Chou, T.C.1    Lin, K.H.2    Wang, S.M.3
  • 52
    • 2542463840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of moisturizing products on the structure of lipids in the outer stratum corneum of humans
    • Boca Raton Loden M, Maibach HI (eds) CRC Press
    • Warner RR, Boissy YL. Effect of moisturizing products on the structure of lipids in the outer stratum corneum of humans. In: Loden M, Maibach HI (eds) Dry Skin and Moisturisers. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000, pp. 349-372.
    • (2000) Dry Skin and Moisturisers , pp. 349-372
    • Warner, R.R.1    Boissy, Y.L.2
  • 53
    • 0032809995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clinical, biometrological and ultrastructural study of xerotic skin
    • Berry N, Charmeil C, Gouion C, et al. A clinical, biometrological and ultrastructural study of xerotic skin. Int J Cosmet Sci. 1999;21: 241-249.
    • (1999) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 241-249
    • Berry, N.1    Charmeil, C.2    Gouion, C.3
  • 54
    • 0032940794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human skin surface lipid film: An ultrastructural study and interaction with corneocytes and intercellular lipid lamellae of the stratum corneum
    • Sheu HM, Chao SC, Wong TW, et al. Human skin surface lipid film: An ultrastructural study and interaction with corneocytes and intercellular lipid lamellae of the stratum corneum. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(3):385-391.
    • (1999) Br J Dermatol. , vol.140 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-391
    • Sheu, H.M.1    Chao, S.C.2    Wong, T.W.3
  • 55
    • 0023720195 scopus 로고
    • Hydroxyacid derivatives in human epidermis
    • Wertz PW, Downing DT. Hydroxyacid derivatives in human epidermis. Lipids. 1988;23(5):415-418.
    • (1988) Lipids. , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 415-418
    • Wertz, P.W.1    Downing, D.T.2
  • 56
    • 0021913336 scopus 로고
    • Human stratum corneum polar lipids and desquamation
    • Long SA, Wertz PW, Strauss JS, et al. Human stratum corneum polar lipids and desquamation. Arch Dermatol Res. 1985;277(4):284-287.
    • (1985) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.277 , Issue.4 , pp. 284-287
    • Long, S.A.1    Wertz, P.W.2    Strauss, J.S.3
  • 57
    • 0030018318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human stratum corneum lipids have a distorted orthorhombic packing at the surface of cohesive failure
    • Chen YL, Wiedmann TS. Human stratum corneum lipids have a distorted orthorhombic packing at the surface of cohesive failure. J Invest Dermatol. 1996;107(1):15-19.
    • (1996) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.107 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-19
    • Chen, Y.L.1    Wiedmann, T.S.2
  • 58
    • 0018649965 scopus 로고
    • The change in properties of the stratum corneum as a function of depth
    • King CS, Barton SP, et al. The change in properties of the stratum corneum as a function of depth. Br J Dermatol. 1979;100(2):165-172.
    • (1979) Br J Dermatol. , vol.100 , Issue.2 , pp. 165-172
    • King, C.S.1    Barton, S.P.2
  • 59
    • 55449106407 scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes in stratum corneum structure and function
    • MarksR (ed). Cardiff: Stratum Corneum Group
    • Marks R, Lawson A, Nicholls S. Age-related changes in stratum corneum structure and function. In: MarksR (ed) The Stratum Corneum. Cardiff: Stratum Corneum Group, 1986, pp. 10-15.
    • (1986) The Stratum Corneum , pp. 10-15
    • Marks, R.1    Lawson, A.2    Nicholls, S.3
  • 60
    • 36249021439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum acidification is impaired in moderately aged human and murine skin
    • Choi EH, Man MQ, Xu P, et al. Stratum corneum acidification is impaired in moderately aged human and murine skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2007;127:2847-2856.
    • (2007) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.127 , pp. 2847-2856
    • Choi, E.H.1    Man, M.Q.2    Xu, P.3
  • 61
    • 0026052977 scopus 로고
    • Identification of late differentiation antigens of human cornified epithelia, expressed in re-organized desmosomes and bound to cross-linked envelope
    • Serre G, Mils V, Haftek M, et al. Identification of late differentiation antigens of human cornified epithelia, expressed in re-organized desmosomes and bound to cross-linked envelope. J Invest Dermatol. 1991;97:1061-1072.
    • (1991) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.97 , pp. 1061-1072
    • Serre, G.1    Mils, V.2    Haftek, M.3
  • 62
    • 0035827559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refined characterization of corneodesmosin proteolysis during terminal differentiation of human epidermis and its relationship to desquamation
    • Simon M, Jonca N, Guerrin M, et al. Refined characterization of corneodesmosin proteolysis during terminal differentiation of human epidermis and its relationship to desquamation. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:20292-20299.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 20292-20299
    • Simon, M.1    Jonca, N.2    Guerrin, M.3
  • 63
    • 2442428082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of corneodesmosome proteins by two serine proteases of the kallikrein family
    • Caubet C, et al. Degradation of corneodesmosome proteins by two serine proteases of the kallikrein family. J Invest Dermatol. 2004;122:1235-1244.
    • (2004) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.122 , pp. 1235-1244
    • Caubet, C.1
  • 64
    • 15944366922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desmosome-binding antibody KM48 recognises an extracellular antigen different from desmosomal cadherins Dsg 1-3 and Dsc 1-3
    • Duhieu S, Laperdrix C, Hashimoto T, et al. Desmosome-binding antibody KM48 recognises an extracellular antigen different from desmosomal cadherins Dsg 1-3 and Dsc 1-3. Eur J Dermatol. 2006;15(2):80-84.
    • (2006) Eur J Dermatol. , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 80-84
    • Duhieu, S.1    Laperdrix, C.2    Hashimoto, T.3
  • 65
    • 0025326615 scopus 로고
    • Cell shedding from human plantar skin in vitro: Evidence that two different types of protein structures are degraded by a chymotrypsin-like enzyme
    • Lundstörm A, Egelud T. Cell shedding from human plantar skin in vitro: Evidence that two different types of protein structures are degraded by a chymotrypsin-like enzyme. Arch Dermatol Res. 1990;282:234-237.
    • (1990) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.282 , pp. 234-237
    • Lundstörm, A.1    Egelud, T.2
  • 66
    • 0028326630 scopus 로고
    • The role of proteases in stratum corneum: Involvement in stratum corneum desquamation
    • Suzuki Y, Nomura J, Koyama J, et al. The role of proteases in stratum corneum: Involvement in stratum corneum desquamation. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;286:249-253.
    • (1994) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.286 , pp. 249-253
    • Suzuki, Y.1    Nomura, J.2    Koyama, J.3
  • 67
    • 0032849966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endogenous cathepsin D-like and chymotrypsin-like proteolysis in human epidermal desquamation
    • Horikoshi T, Igarashi S, Uchiwa H, et al. Role of endogenous cathepsin D-like and chymotrypsin-like proteolysis in human epidermal desquamation. Br J Dermatol. 1999;141:453-459.
    • (1999) Br J Dermatol. , vol.141 , pp. 453-459
    • Horikoshi, T.1    Igarashi, S.2    Uchiwa, H.3
  • 68
    • 0032468737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoforms of cathepsin D human epidermal differentiation
    • Horikoshi T, Arany I, Rajaraman S, et al. Isoforms of cathepsin D human epidermal differentiation. Biochimie. 1998;80:605-612.
    • (1998) Biochimie. , vol.80 , pp. 605-612
    • Horikoshi, T.1    Arany, I.2    Rajaraman, S.3
  • 69
    • 0032937063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum thiol protease (SCTP): A novel cysteine protease of late epidermal differentiation
    • Watkinson A. Stratum corneum thiol protease (SCTP): A novel cysteine protease of late epidermal differentiation. Arch Dermatol Res. 1999;291:260-268.
    • (1999) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.291 , pp. 260-268
    • Watkinson, A.1
  • 70
    • 0037379365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of proteins with caseinolytic activity in a human SC extract revealed a yet unidentified cysteine protease and identified the so called "SC thiol protease" as Cathepsin L2
    • Bernard D, et al. Analysis of proteins with caseinolytic activity in a human SC extract revealed a yet unidentified cysteine protease and identified the so called "SC thiol protease" as Cathepsin L2. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120:592-600.
    • (2003) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.120 , pp. 592-600
    • Bernard, D.1
  • 71
    • 33644822940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of human tissue kallikreins in the stratum corneum: Dependence on age and gender
    • Komatsu N, Saijoh K, Sidiropoulos M, et al. Quantification of human tissue kallikreins in the stratum corneum: Dependence on age and gender. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125:1182-1189.
    • (2005) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.125 , pp. 1182-1189
    • Komatsu, N.1    Saijoh, K.2    Sidiropoulos, M.3
  • 72
    • 33947498991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A potential role for multiple tissue kallikrein serine proteases in epidermal desquamation
    • Borgoño CA, Michael IP, Komatsu N, et al. A potential role for multiple tissue kallikrein serine proteases in epidermal desquamation. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(6):640-652.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem. , vol.282 , Issue.6 , pp. 640-652
    • Borgoño, C.A.1    Michael, I.P.2    Komatsu, N.3
  • 73
    • 34247130069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kallikrein 8 is involved in skin desquamation in cooperation with other kallikreins
    • Kishibe M, Bando Y, Terayama R, et al. Kallikrein 8 is involved in skin desquamation in cooperation with other kallikreins. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(8):5834-5841.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem. , vol.282 , Issue.8 , pp. 5834-5841
    • Kishibe, M.1    Bando, Y.2    Terayama, R.3
  • 74
    • 0027303045 scopus 로고
    • Detection and characterization of endogenous protease associated with desquamation of stratum corneum
    • Suzuki Y, Nomura J, Hori J, et al. Detection and characterization of endogenous protease associated with desquamation of stratum corneum. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;285:372-377.
    • (1994) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.285 , pp. 372-377
    • Suzuki, Y.1    Nomura, J.2    Hori, J.3
  • 75
    • 34347394757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling of serine protease activities in human stratum corneum and detection of a stratum corneum tryptase-like enzyme
    • Voegeli R, Rawlings AV, Doppler S, et al. Profiling of serine protease activities in human stratum corneum and detection of a stratum corneum tryptase-like enzyme. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2007;29:191-200.
    • (2007) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 191-200
    • Voegeli, R.1    Rawlings, A.V.2    Doppler, S.3
  • 76
    • 0035725314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purification and characterization of the endoglycosidase heparanase 1 from human plantar stratum corneum: A key enzyme in epidermal physiology
    • Bernard D, Mehul B, Delattre C, et al. Purification and characterization of the endoglycosidase heparanase 1 from human plantar stratum corneum: A key enzyme in epidermal physiology. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:1266-1273.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.117 , pp. 1266-1273
    • Bernard, D.1    Mehul, B.2    Delattre, C.3
  • 77
  • 79
    • 4544301463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cathepsin D, and not cathepsin E, degrades desmosomes during epidermal desquamation
    • Igarashi S, Takizawa T, Yasuda Y, et al. Cathepsin D, and not cathepsin E, degrades desmosomes during epidermal desquamation. Br J Dermatol. 2004;151:355-361.
    • (2004) Br J Dermatol. , vol.151 , pp. 355-361
    • Igarashi, S.1    Takizawa, T.2    Yasuda, Y.3
  • 80
    • 2442423840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidermal lamellar granules transport different cargoes as distinct aggregates
    • Ishida-Yamamoto I, et al. Epidermal lamellar granules transport different cargoes as distinct aggregates. J Invest Dermatol. 2004; 122:1145-1153.
    • (2004) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.122 , pp. 1145-1153
    • Ishida-Yamamoto, I.1
  • 81
    • 0034750572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water modulation of stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme activity and desquamation
    • Watkinson A, Harding C, Moore A, et al. Water modulation of stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme activity and desquamation. Arch Dermatol Res. 2001;293:470-476.
    • (2001) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.293 , pp. 470-476
    • Watkinson, A.1    Harding, C.2    Moore, A.3
  • 82
    • 0036125197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated stratum corneum hydrolytic activity in Netherton syndrome suggests an inhibitory regulation of desquamation by SPINK5-derived peptides
    • Komatsu N, Takata M, Otsuki N, et al. Elevated stratum corneum hydrolytic activity in Netherton syndrome suggests an inhibitory regulation of desquamation by SPINK5-derived peptides. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;118:436-443.
    • (2002) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.118 , pp. 436-443
    • Komatsu, N.1    Takata, M.2    Otsuki, N.3
  • 83
    • 34548515280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LEKTI fragments specifically inhibit klk5 klk7 and klk14 and control desquamation through a ph-dependent interaction
    • Deraison C, Bonnart C, Lopez F, et al. LEKTI fragments specifically inhibit KLK5, KLK7, and KLK14 and control desquamation through a pH-dependent interaction. Mol Biol Cell. 2007;18(9):3607-3619.
    • (2007) Mol Biol Cell. , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 3607-3619
    • Deraison, C.1    Bonnart, C.2    Lopez, F.3
  • 84
    • 34547660319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased serine protease activity and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosacea
    • Yamasaki K, Di Nardo A, Bardan A, et al. Increased serine protease activity and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosacea. Nat Med. 2007;13(8):975-980.
    • (2007) Nat Med. , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 975-980
    • Yamasaki, K.1    Di Nardo, A.2    Bardan, A.3
  • 85
    • 0037954541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation response in human skin barrier to a hot and dry environment
    • Declercq L, Muizzuddin N, Hellemans L, et al. Adaptation response in human skin barrier to a hot and dry environment. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;119:716.
    • (2002) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.119 , pp. 716
    • Declercq, L.1    Muizzuddin, N.2    Hellemans, L.3
  • 86
    • 24344470208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a novel retroviral-like aspartic protease specifically expressed in human epidermis
    • Bernard D, Méhul B, Thomas-Collignon A, et al. Identification and characterization of a novel retroviral-like aspartic protease specifically expressed in human epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125(2): 278-287.
    • (2005) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.125 , Issue.2 , pp. 278-287
    • Bernard, D.1    Méhul, B.2    Thomas-Collignon, A.3
  • 87
    • 8844263801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneumderived caspase-14 is catalytically active
    • Fischer H, Stichenwirth M, Dockal M, et al. Stratum corneumderived caspase-14 is catalytically active. FEBS Lett. 2004;577 (3):446-450.
    • (2004) FEBS Lett. , vol.577 , Issue.3 , pp. 446-450
    • Fischer, H.1    Stichenwirth, M.2    Dockal, M.3
  • 88
    • 0013486017 scopus 로고
    • The identification and localization of tryptic and chymotryptic-like enzymes in human stratum corneum
    • Watkinson A, Smith C, Rawlings AV. The identification and localization of tryptic and chymotryptic-like enzymes in human stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;102:637.
    • (1994) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.102 , pp. 637
    • Watkinson, A.1    Smith, C.2    Rawlings, A.V.3
  • 90
    • 0038292104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cornified envelope: Its role on stratum corneum structure and maturation
    • Leyden JJ, Rawlings AV (eds). New York Marcel Dekker
    • Watkinson A, Harding CR, Rawlings AV. The cornified envelope: Its role on stratum corneum structure and maturation. In: Leyden JJ, Rawlings AV (eds) Skin Moisturization. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2002, pp. 95-117.
    • (2002) Skin Moisturization , pp. 95-117
    • Watkinson, A.1    Harding, C.R.2    Rawlings, A.V.3
  • 91
    • 0033548684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transglutaminase cross linking properties of the small proline rich 1 family of cornified envelope proteins
    • Candi E, et al. Transglutaminase cross linking properties of the small proline rich 1 family of cornified envelope proteins. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:7226-7237.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 7226-7237
    • Candi, E.1
  • 92
    • 0027302408 scopus 로고
    • The deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase-E (TGase 3) of human and Mouse
    • Kim IG, Gorman JJ, et al. The deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase-E (TGase 3) of human and Mouse. J Biol Chem. 1993;268:12682-12690.
    • (1993) J Biol Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 12682-12690
    • Kim, I.G.1    Gorman, J.J.2
  • 93
    • 0033574631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involucrin cross linking by transglutaminase 1
    • Nemes Z, Marekov LN, Steinert PM. Involucrin cross linking by transglutaminase 1. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:11013-11021.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 11013-11021
    • Nemes, Z.1    Marekov, L.N.2    Steinert, P.M.3
  • 94
    • 0035375050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural organisation and regulation of the small proline rich family of cornified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function
    • Cabral A, Voskamp P, Cleton-Jansen M, et al. Structural organisation and regulation of the small proline rich family of cornified envelope precursors suggest a role in adaptive barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2001;26:19231-19237.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem. , vol.26 , pp. 19231-19237
    • Cabral, A.1    Voskamp, P.2    Cleton-Jansen, M.3
  • 95
    • 0026713299 scopus 로고
    • The expression of desmosomal and corneodesmosomal antigens shows specific variations during the terminal differentiation of epidermis and hair follicle epithelia
    • Mils A, Vincent C, Croute F, et al. The expression of desmosomal and corneodesmosomal antigens shows specific variations during the terminal differentiation of epidermis and hair follicle epithelia. J Histochem Cytochem. 1992;40:1329-1337.
    • (1992) J Histochem Cytochem. , vol.40 , pp. 1329-1337
    • Mils, A.1    Vincent, C.2    Croute, F.3
  • 96
    • 0036854649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional analyses of individual corneocytes with atomic force microscope: Morphological changes related to age, location and to the pathologic skin conditions
    • Kashibuchi N, Hirai Y, O'Goshi K, et al. Three-dimensional analyses of individual corneocytes with atomic force microscope: Morphological changes related to age, location and to the pathologic skin conditions. Skin Res Technol. 2002;8:203-211.
    • (2002) Skin Res Technol. , vol.8 , pp. 203-211
    • Kashibuchi, N.1    Hirai, Y.2    O'Goshi, K.3
  • 97
    • 0242543980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cornified cell envelope: An important marker of stratum corneum maturation in healthy and dry skin
    • Harding CR, Long S, Richardson J, et al. The cornified cell envelope: An important marker of stratum corneum maturation in healthy and dry skin. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2003;25:1-11.
    • (2003) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 1-11
    • Harding, C.R.1    Long, S.2    Richardson, J.3
  • 99
    • 0242550846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum lipid profile and maturation pattern of corneocytes in the outermost layer of fresh scars: The presence of immature corneocytes plays a much more important role in the barrier dysfunction than do changes in intercellular lipids
    • Kunii T, Hirao H, Kikuchi K, et al. Stratum corneum lipid profile and maturation pattern of corneocytes in the outermost layer of fresh scars: The presence of immature corneocytes plays a much more important role in the barrier dysfunction than do changes in intercellular lipids. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(4):749-756.
    • (2003) Br J Dermatol. , vol.149 , Issue.4 , pp. 749-756
    • Kunii, T.1    Hirao, H.2    Kikuchi, K.3
  • 100
    • 84892045383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peptidylarginine deiminases expressed in human epidermis differ in their substrate specificities and subcellular locations
    • Mechin MC, Enji M, Nachat R, et al. The peptidylarginine deiminases expressed in human epidermis differ in their substrate specificities and subcellular locations. CMLS DO1 2005;1-12.
    • (2005) CMLS DO1 , pp. 1-12
    • Mechin, M.C.1    Enji, M.2    Nachat, R.3
  • 101
    • 67349163157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural moisturising factor
    • Loden M, Maibach H (eds). Boca Raton CRC Press, Chapter 18
    • Harding CR, Rawlings AV.Natural moisturising factor. In: Loden M, Maibach H (eds) Dry Skin and Moisturizers. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2006, Chapter 18, pp. 187-209.
    • (2006) Dry Skin and Moisturizers , pp. 187-209
    • Harding, C.R.1    Rawlings, A.V.2
  • 102
    • 0037291337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in environmental humidity affect the water-holding property of the stratum corneum and its free amino acid content, and the expression of filaggrin in the epidermis of hairless mice
    • Katagiri C, Sato J, Nomura J, et al. Changes in environmental humidity affect the water-holding property of the stratum corneum and its free amino acid content, and the expression of filaggrin in the epidermis of hairless mice. J Dermatol Sci. 2003;31 (1):29-35.
    • (2003) J Dermatol Sci. , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-35
    • Katagiri, C.1    Sato, J.2    Nomura, J.3
  • 103
    • 0029076369 scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of elastic properties of the stratum corneum by solid-state C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Jokura Y, et al. Molecular analysis of elastic properties of the stratum corneum by solid-state C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;104:806.
    • (1995) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.104 , pp. 806
    • Jokura, Y.1
  • 104
    • 0028139381 scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum moisturization at the molecular level
    • Rawlings AV, Scott IR, Harding CR, et al. Stratum corneum moisturization at the molecular level. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;103: 731-740.
    • (1994) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.103 , pp. 731-740
    • Rawlings, A.V.1    Scott, I.R.2    Harding, C.R.3
  • 105
    • 1842730469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The content of free amino acids in the stratum corneum is increased in senile xerosis
    • Takahashi M, Tezuka T. The content of free amino acids in the stratum corneum is increased in senile xerosis. Arch Dermatol Res. 2004;295(10):448-452.
    • (2004) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.295 , Issue.10 , pp. 448-452
    • Takahashi, M.1    Tezuka, T.2
  • 106
    • 0034130553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyaluronan exists in the normal stratum corneum
    • Sakai S, et al. Hyaluronan exists in the normal stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 2000;114:1184.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.114 , pp. 1184
    • Sakai, S.1
  • 107
    • 0037960303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycerol regulates stratum corneum hydration in sebaceous gland deficient (Asebia) mice
    • Fluhr JW, et al. Glycerol regulates stratum corneum hydration in sebaceous gland deficient (Asebia) mice. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;120:728.
    • (2003) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.120 , pp. 728
    • Fluhr, J.W.1
  • 108
    • 24344453872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is endogenous glycerol a determinant of stratum corneum hydration in humans
    • Choi EH, Man MQ, Wang F, et al. Is endogenous glycerol a determinant of stratum corneum hydration in humans. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125:288-293.
    • (2005) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.125 , pp. 288-293
    • Choi, E.H.1    Man, M.Q.2    Wang, F.3
  • 109
    • 0034932649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of free fatty acids from phospholipids regulates stratum corneum acidification and integrity
    • Fluhr JW, et al. Generation of free fatty acids from phospholipids regulates stratum corneum acidification and integrity. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:44
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.117 , pp. 44
    • Fluhr, J.W.1
  • 110
    • 0033832585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of a self-regulated enzymatic process within the human stratum corneum-an unexpected role for urocanic acid
    • Krein PM, Kermici M. Evidence for the existence of a self-regulated enzymatic process within the human stratum corneum-an unexpected role for urocanic acid. J Invest Dermatol. 2000;115:414.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.115 , pp. 414
    • Krein, P.M.1    Kermici, M.2
  • 111
    • 1842740117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between NMF (potassium and lactate) content and the physical properties of the stratum corneum in healthy subjects
    • Nakagawa N, et al. Relationship between NMF (potassium and lactate) content and the physical properties of the stratum corneum in healthy subjects. J Invest Dermatol. 2004;122:755.
    • (2004) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.122 , pp. 755
    • Nakagawa, N.1
  • 112
    • 0038209029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is activated in stratum corneum after barrier disruption
    • Katsura Y, Yoshida Y, Kawai E, et al. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is activated in stratum corneum after barrier disruption. J Dermatol Sci. 2003;32:55-57.
    • (2003) J Dermatol Sci. , vol.32 , pp. 55-57
    • Katsura, Y.1    Yoshida, Y.2    Kawai, E.3
  • 113
    • 0039441795 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of desquamation: New insights into dry flaky skin conditions
    • Rawlings AV, Hope J, Rogers J, et al. Mechanisms of desquamation: New insights into dry flaky skin conditions. Proceedings of the 17th IFSCC, 1992, vol. 2, pp. 865-880.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the 17th IFSCC , vol.2 , pp. 865-880
    • Rawlings, A.V.1    Hope, J.2    Rogers, J.3
  • 114
    • 0037616553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual scaling of human skin correlates to decreased ceramide levels and decreased stratum corneum protease activity
    • Van Overloop L, Declercq L, Maes D. Visual scaling of human skin correlates to decreased ceramide levels and decreased stratum corneum protease activity. J Invest Dermatol. 2001;117:811.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.117 , pp. 811
    • Van Overloop, L.1    Declercq, L.2    Maes, D.3
  • 116
    • 33044488175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of ceramides in stratum corneum of normal and dry skin
    • Chopart M, Castiel-Higounenc C, Arbey E, et al. Quantitative analysis of ceramides in stratum corneum of normal and dry skin. Stratum Corneum III. 2001.
    • (2001) Stratum Corneum III.
    • Chopart, M.1    Castiel-Higounenc, C.2    Arbey, E.3
  • 117
    • 0008653289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barrier characteristics of different human skin types investigated with x-ray diffraction, lipid analysis and electron microscopy imaging
    • Schreiner V, Gooris GS, Pfeiffer S, et al. Barrier characteristics of different human skin types investigated with x-ray diffraction, lipid analysis and electron microscopy imaging. J Invest Dermatol. 2000;114:654-660.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol. , vol.114 , pp. 654-660
    • Schreiner, V.1    Gooris, G.S.2    Pfeiffer, S.3
  • 118
    • 84892126140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of transglutaminase in the continued cross linking of cornified envelope protein during stratum corneum maturation
    • Harding CR, Richardson J, Ginger R, et al. Role of transglutaminase in the continued cross linking of cornified envelope protein during stratum corneum maturation. 22nd IFSCC Congress P139, 2002.
    • (2002) 22nd IFSCC Congress P139
    • Harding, C.R.1    Richardson, J.2    Ginger, R.3
  • 119
    • 28244472290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Filaggrin repeat number polymorphism is associated with a dry skin phenotype
    • Ginger RS, Blachford S, Rowland J, et al. Filaggrin repeat number polymorphism is associated with a dry skin phenotype. Arch Dermatol Res. 2005;297(6):235-241.
    • (2005) Arch Dermatol Res. , vol.297 , Issue.6 , pp. 235-241
    • Ginger, R.S.1    Blachford, S.2    Rowland, J.3
  • 120
    • 0030818054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of xerosis and ageing on epidermal proliferation and differentiation
    • Engelke M, Jensen JM, Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage S, et al. Effects of xerosis and ageing on epidermal proliferation and differentiation. Br J Dermatol. 1997;137(2):219-225.
    • (1997) Br J Dermatol. , vol.137 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-225
    • Engelke, M.1    Jensen, J.M.2    Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage, S.3
  • 121
    • 0000278376 scopus 로고
    • Biophysical characterization of dry facial skin
    • Leveque JL, Grove G, De Rigal J, et al. Biophysical characterization of dry facial skin. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1987;82:171-177.
    • (1987) J Soc Cosmet Chem. , vol.82 , pp. 171-177
    • Leveque, J.L.1    Grove, G.2    De Rigal, J.3
  • 122
    • 0026725234 scopus 로고
    • Histopathologic differences in the photoaging process in facial versus arm skin
    • Bhawan J, Oh CH, Lew R, et al. Histopathologic differences in the photoaging process in facial versus arm skin. Am J Dermatopathol. 1992;14(3):224-230.
    • (1992) Am J Dermatopathol. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 224-230
    • Bhawan, J.1    Oh, C.H.2    Lew, R.3
  • 123
    • 38349180991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the depth profiles of water and water-binding substances in the stratum corneum determined in vivo by Raman spectroscopy between the cheek and volar forearm skin: Effects of age, seasonal changes and artificial forced hydration
    • Egawa M, Tagami H. Comparison of the depth profiles of water and water-binding substances in the stratum corneum determined in vivo by Raman spectroscopy between the cheek and volar forearm skin: Effects of age, seasonal changes and artificial forced hydration. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158(2):251-260.
    • (2008) Br J Dermatol. , vol.158 , Issue.2 , pp. 251-260
    • Egawa, M.1    Tagami, H.2
  • 124
    • 55449110784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased basal transepidermal water loss leads to elevation of some but not all stratum corneum serine proteases
    • Voegeli R, Rawlings AV, Doppler S, et al. Increased basal transepidermal water loss leads to elevation of some but not all stratum corneum serine proteases. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2008;30(6):435-442.
    • (2008) Int J Cosmet Sci. , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 435-442
    • Voegeli, R.1    Rawlings, A.V.2    Doppler, S.3
  • 125
    • 33745427100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis:gene-environment interactions
    • 3-21, quiz
    • Cork MJ, Robinson DA, Vasilopoulos Y, et al. New perspectives on epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis:gene-environment interactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;118(1):3-21, quiz 22-23.
    • (2006) J Allergy Clin Immunol. , vol.118 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-23
    • Cork, M.J.1    Robinson, D.A.2    Vasilopoulos, Y.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.