Incidence and clinical significance of de novo donor specific antibodies after kidney transplantation

Clinical and Developmental Immunology

Volumn 2013, Issue , 2013, Pages

  Lionaki, Sophia ^a   Panagiotellis, Konstantinos ^a   Iniotaki, Aliki ^b   Boletis, John N ^a  

^a LAIKO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Greece)

^b G GENNIMATAS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; ANTIBODY; BORTEZOMIB; CD20 ANTIBODY; CREATININE; DONOR SPECIFIC ANTIBODY; EPITOPE; HLA ANTIBODY; HLA ANTIGEN CLASS 1; HLA ANTIGEN CLASS 2; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; NATURAL KILLER CELL RECEPTOR NKG2D; RITUXIMAB; TACROLIMUS; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ALLOANTIBODY; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; HLA ANTIGEN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT;

ACUTE GRAFT REJECTION; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; CAPILLARY BASEMENT MEMBRANE; CHRONIC GRAFT REJECTION; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DENDRITIC CELL; FALSE POSITIVE RESULT; FIBROSING ALVEOLITIS; GRAFT FAILURE; GRAFT REJECTION; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HUMAN; HUMORAL IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOREGULATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; KIDNEY BIOPSY; KIDNEY DONOR; KIDNEY GRAFT REJECTION; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MICROCIRCULATION; MONOCYTE; PLASMAPHERESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEINURIA; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; T LYMPHOCYTE; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; BLOOD; DONOR; IMMUNOLOGY; INCIDENCE; METHODOLOGY;

ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; GRAFT REJECTION; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HLA ANTIGENS; HUMANS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; INCIDENCE; ISOANTIBODIES; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; TISSUE DONORS;

EID: 84890092899     PISSN: 17402522     EISSN: 17402530     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2013/849835     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Meier-Kriesche H.-U., Schold J. D., Srinivas T. R., Kaplan B., Lack of improvement in renal allograft survival despite a marked decrease in acute rejection rates over the most recent era. American Journal of Transplantation 2004 4 3 378 383 2-s2.0-1442338509 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00332.x (Pubitemid 38282293)
2. Akalin E., Pascual M., Sensitization after kidney transplantation. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2006 1 3 433 440 2-s2.0-34347255045 10.2215/CJN.01751105
3. Lee P.-C., Terasaki P. I., Takemoto S. K., Lee P.-H., Hung C.-J., Chen Y.-L., Tsai A., Lei H.-Y., All chronic rejection failures of kidney transplants were preceded by the development of HLA antibodies. Transplantation 2002 74 8 1192 1194 2-s2.0-0037184308 (Pubitemid 35216119)
4. Terasaki P. I., Ozawa M., Castro R., Four-year follow-up of a prospective trial of HLA and MICA antibodies on kidney graft survival. American Journal of Transplantation 2007 7 2 408 415 2-s2.0-33846222310 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006. 01644.x (Pubitemid 46096334)
5. Willicombe M., Brookes P., Sergeant R., De novo DQ donor-specific antibodies are associated with a significant risk of antibody-mediated rejection and transplant glomerulopathy. Transplantation 2012 94 2 172 177
6. Worthington J. E., Martin S., Al-Husseini D. M., Dyer P. A., Johnson R. W. G., Posttransplantation production of donor HLA-specific antibodies as a predictor of renal transplant outcome. Transplantation 2003 75 7 1034 1040 2-s2.0-0037446624 (Pubitemid 36438534)
7. Issa N., Cosio F. G., Gloor J. M., Sethi S., Dean P. G., Moore S. B., Degoey S., Stegall M. D., Transplant glomerulopathy: risk and prognosis related to anti-human leukocyte antigen class II antibody levels. Transplantation 2008 86 5 681 685 2-s2.0-53449101499 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181837626
8. Ntokou I.-S. A., Iniotaki A. G., Kontou E. N., Darema M. N., Apostolaki M. D., Kostakis A. G., Boletis J. N., Long-term follow up for anti-HLA donor specific antibodies postrenal transplantation: high immunogenicity of HLA class II graft molecules. Transplant International 2011 24 11 1084 1093 2-s2.0-80053989810 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01312.x
9. Lachmann N., Terasaki P. I., Budde K., Liefeldt L., Kahl A., Reinke P., Pratschke J., Rudolph B., Schmidt D., Salama A., Schönemann C., Anti-human leukocyte antigen and donor-specific antibodies detected by luminex posttransplant serve as biomarkers for chronic rejection of renal allografts. Transplantation 2009 87 10 1505 1513 2-s2.0-67649574165 10.1097/TP. 0b013e3181a44206
10. Einecke G., Sis B., Reeve J., Mengel M., Campbell P. M., Hidalgo L. G., Kaplan B., Halloran P. F., Antibody-mediated microcirculation injury is the major cause of late kidney transplant failure. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 11 2520 2531 2-s2.0-70350131760 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009. 02799.x
11. Halloran P. F., The clinical importance of alloantibody-mediated rejection. American Journal of Transplantation 2003 3 6 639 640 2-s2.0-0038207027 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00172.x (Pubitemid 36745233)
12. Terasaki P. I., Cai J., Humoral theory of transplantation: further evidence. Current Opinion in Immunology 2005 17 5 541 545 2-s2.0-23944450383 10.1016/j.coi.2005.07.018 (Pubitemid 41207959)
13. Cai J., Terasaki P. I., Human leukocyte antigen antibodies for monitoring transplant patients. Surgery Today 2005 35 8 605 612 2-s2.0-22744450036 10.1007/s00595-005-3015-6 (Pubitemid 41032277)
14. Duquesnoy R. J., Marrari M., Mulder A., Claas F. H. J., Mostecki J., Balazs I., Structural aspects of human leukocyte antigen class I epitopes detected by human monoclonal antibodies. Human Immunology 2012 73 3 267 277 2-s2.0-84857108057 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.11.011
15. Ferrari-Lacraz S., Tiercy J.-M., Villard J., Detection of anti-HLA antibodies by solid-phase assay in kidney transplantation: friend or foe? Tissue Antigens 2012 79 5 315 325 2-s2.0-84859587082 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01853.x
16. Bahram S., Bresnahan M., Geraghty D. E., Spies T., A second lineage of mammalian major histocompatibility complex class I genes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994 91 14 6259 6263 2-s2.0-0028198760 10.1073/pnas.91.14.6259 (Pubitemid 24200639)
17. Groh V., Steinle A., Bauer S., Spies T., Recognition of stress-induced MHC molecules by intestinal epithelial γ δ T cells. Science 1998 279 5357 1737 1740 2-s2.0-0032513388 10.1126/science.279.5357.1737 (Pubitemid 28164472)
18. Zwirner N. W., Dole K., Stastny P., Differential surface expression of MICA by endothelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and monocytes. Human Immunology 1999 60 4 323 330 2-s2.0-0032915014 10.1016/S0198-8859(98)00128-1 (Pubitemid 29239566)
19. Jinushi M., Takehara T., Kanto T., Tatsumi T., Groh V., Spies T., Miyagi T., Suzuki T., Sasaki Y., Hayashi N., Critical role of MHC class I-related chain A and B expression on IFN- α -stimulated dendritic cells in NK cell activation: impairment in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Journal of Immunology 2003 170 3 1249 1256 2-s2.0-0037310821 (Pubitemid 36139490)
20. Molinero L. L., Domaica C. I., Fuertes M. B., Girart M. V., Rossi L. E., Zwirner N. W., Intracellular expression of MICA in activated CD4 T lymphocytes and protection from NK cell-mediated MICA-dependent cytotoxicity. Human Immunology 2006 67 3 170 182 2-s2.0-33646480297 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.02.010 (Pubitemid 44275205)
21. Bauer S., Groh V., Wu J., Steinle A., Phillips J. H., Lanier L. L., Spies T., Activation of NK cells and T cells by NKG2D, a receptor for stress- inducible MICA. Science 1999 285 5428 727 729 2-s2.0-0033618504 10.1126/science.285.5428.727 (Pubitemid 29484539)
22. Zou Y., Stastny P., The role of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A antibodies in organ transplantation. Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation 2009 14 4 414 418 2-s2.0-68849097554 10.1097/MOT. 0b013e32832d835e
23. Hourmant M., Cesbron-Gautier A., Terasaki P. I., Mizutani K., Moreau A., Meurette A., Dantal J., Giral M., Blancho G., Cantarovich D., Karam G., Follea G., Soulillou J.-P., Bignon J.-D., Frequency and clinical implications of development of donor-specific and non-donor-specific HLA antibodies after kidney transplantation. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2005 16 9 2804 2812 2-s2.0-32844463757 10.1681/ASN.2004121130
24. Colombo M. B., Haworth S. E., Poli F., Nocco A., Puglisi G., Innocente A., Serafini M., Messa P., Scalamogna M., Luminex technology for anti-HLA antibody screening: evaluation of performance and of impact on laboratory routine. Cytometry Part B 2007 72 6 465 471 2-s2.0-36049041319 10.1002/cyto.b.20353 (Pubitemid 350086253)
25. Gibney E. M., Cagle L. R., Freed B., Warnell S. E., Chan L., Wiseman A. C., Detection of donor-specific antibodies using HLA-coated microspheres: another tool for kidney transplant risk stratification. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2006 21 9 2625 2629 2-s2.0-33750121868 10.1093/ndt/gfl202 (Pubitemid 44644542)
26. Mihaylova A., Baltadjieva D., Boneva P., Ivanova M., Penkova K., Marinova D., Mihailova S., Paskalev E., Simeonov P., Naumova E., Clinical relevance of anti-HLA antibodies detected by flow-cytometry bead-based assays-single-center experience. Human Immunology 2006 67 10 787 794 2-s2.0-33749985706 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.07.011 (Pubitemid 44572595)
27. Wiebe C., Gibson I. W., Blydt-Hansen T. D., Karpinski M., Ho J., Storsley L. J., Goldberg A., Birk P. E., Rush D. N., Nickerson P. W., Evolution and clinical pathologic correlations of de novo donor-specific HLA antibody post kidney transplant. American Journal of Transplantation 2012 12 5 1157 1167 2-s2.0-84860473178 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04013.x
28. Ginevri F., Nocera A., Comoli P., Post-transplant de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies identify pediatric kidney recipients at risk for late antibody-mediated rejection. American Journal of Transplantation 2012 12 12 3355 3362
29. Wang D., Wu G., Chen J., Yu Z., Wu W., Yang S., Tan J., Predicting renal graft failure by sCD30 levels and de novo HLA antibodies at 1year post-transplantation. Transplant Immunology 2012 26 4 235 239 2-s2.0-84860432956 10.1016/j.trim.2012.03.002
30. Gîngu C., Moise A., Constantinescu I., Cytotoxic antibodies monitoring in kidney transplantation-their clinical relevance and challenges. Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology 2012 53 3 515 519
31. Everly M. J., Rebellato L. M., Haisch C. E., Incidence and impact of de novo donor-specific alloantibody in primary renal allografts. Transplantation 2013 95 3 410 417
32. Zwirner N. W., Marcos C. Y., Mirbaha F., Zou Y., Stastny P., Identification of MICA as a new polymorphic alloantigen recognized by antibodies in sera of organ transplant recipients. Human Immunology 2000 61 9 917 924 2-s2.0-0033787672 10.1016/S0198-8859(00)00162-2
33. Sumitran-Holgersson S., Wilczek H. E., Holgersson J., Soderstrom K., Identification of the nonclassical HLA molecules, mica, as targets for humoral immunity associated with irreversible rejection of kidney allografts. Transplantation 2002 74 2 268 277 2-s2.0-0037183186 (Pubitemid 34810296)
34. Li L., Chen A., Chaudhuri A., Kambham N., Sigdel T., Chen R., Sarwal M. M., Compartmental localization and clinical relevance of MICA antibodies after renal transplantation. Transplantation 2010 89 3 312 319 2-s2.0-76649137266 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181bbbe4c
35. Terasaki P. I., Humoral theory of transplantation. American Journal of Transplantation 2003 3 6 665 673 2-s2.0-0038545722 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003. 00135.x (Pubitemid 36745238)
36. Piazza A., Pocci E., Borrelli L., Servetti S., Monaco P. I., Buonomo O., Valeri M., Torlone N., Adorno D., Casciani C. U., Impact of donor-specific antibodies on chronic rejection occurrence and graft loss in renal transplantation: posttransplant analysis using flow cytometric techniques1. Transplantation 2001 71 8 1106 1112 2-s2.0-0035025914
37. Terasaki P. I., Cai J., Humoral theory of transplantation: further evidence. Current Opinion in Immunology 2005 17 5 541 545 2-s2.0-23944450383 10.1016/j.coi.2005.07.018 (Pubitemid 41207959)
38. Deng C.-T., El-Awar N., Ozawa M., Cai J., Lachmann N., Terasaki P. I., Human leukocyte antigen class II DQ alpha and beta epitopes identified from sera of kidney allograft recipients. Transplantation 2008 86 3 452 459 2-s2.0-50549104856 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181804cd2
39. Zhang Q., Liang L. W., Gjertson D. W., Lassman C., Wilkinson A. H., Kendrick E., Pham P. T., Danovitch G. M., Gritsch H. A., Reed E. F., Development of posttransplant antidonor HLAantibodies is associated with acute humoral rejection and early graft dysfunction. Transplantation 2005 79 5 591 598 (Pubitemid 40365888)
40. Mao Q., Terasaki P. I., Cai J., Briley K., Catrou P., Haisch C., Rebellato L., Extremely high association between appearance of HLA antibodies and failure of kidney grafts in a five-year longitudinal study. American Journal of Transplantation 2007 7 4 864 871 (Pubitemid 46481194)
41. high cells in kidney transplant recipients: a place for interaction? Journal of Transplantation 2012 2012 8 302539 10.1155/2012/302539
42. Lee P.-C., Zhu L., Terasaki P. I., Everly M. J., HLA-specific antibodies developed in the first year posttransplant are predictive of chronic rejection and renal graft loss. Transplantation 2009 88 4 568 574 2-s2.0-70349112303 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181b11b72
43. Huang Y., Ramon D., Luan F. L., Incidences of preformed and de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies and their clinicohistological correlates in the early course of kidney transplantation. Clinical Transplantation 2012 247 256
44. DeVos J. M., Patel S. J., Burns K. M., De novo donor specific antibodies and patient outcomes in renal transplantation. Clinical Transplantation 2011 351 358
45. Cooper J. E., Gralla J., Chan L., Clinical significance of post kidney transplant de novo DSA in otherwise stable grafts. Clinical Transplantation 2011 359 364
46. Terasaki P., Lachmann N., Cai J., Summary of the effect of de novo HLA antibodies on chronic kidney graft failure. Clinical Transplants 2006 455 462 2-s2.0-43549125592
47. Zou Y., Heinemann F. M., Grosse-Wilde H., Sireci G., Wang Z., Lavingia B., Stastny P., Detection of Anti-MICA antibodies in patients awaiting kidney transplantation, during the post-transplant course, and in eluates from rejected kidney allografts by luminex flow cytometry. Human Immunology 2006 67 3 230 237 2-s2.0-33646384421 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.02.017 (Pubitemid 43673927)
48. Mizutani K., Terasaki P., Rosen A., Esquenazi V., Miller J., Shih R. N. J., Pei R., Ozawa M., Lee J., Serial ten-year follow-up of HLA and MICA antibody production prior to kidney graft failure. American Journal of Transplantation 2005 5 9 2265 2272 2-s2.0-25844453715 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01016.x (Pubitemid 41648475)
49. Zou Y., Stastny P., Süsal C., Döhler B., Opelz G., Antibodies against MICA antigens and kidney-transplant rejection. The New England Journal of Medicine 2007 357 13 1293 1300 2-s2.0-34748872524 10.1056/NEJMoa067160 (Pubitemid 47481451)
50. Racusen L. C., Colvin R. B., Solez K., Mihatsch M. J., Halloran P. F., Campbell P. M., Cecka M. J., Cosyns J., Demetris A. J., Fishbein M. C., Fogo A., Furness P., Gibson I. W., Glotz D., Hayry P., Hunsickern L., Kashgarian M., Kerman R., Magil A. J., Montgomery R., Morozumi K., Nickeleit V., Randhawa P., Regele H., Seron D., Seshan S., Sund S., Trpkov K., Antibody-mediated rejection criteria-an addition to the Banff '97 classification of renal allograft rejection. American Journal of Transplantation 2003 3 6 708 714 2-s2.0-10744233377 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00072.x (Pubitemid 36745243)
51. Mizutani K., Shibata L., Ozawa M., Esquenazi V., Rosen A., Miller J., Terasaki P. I., Detection of HLA and MICA antibodies before kidney graft failure. Clinical Transplants 2006 255 264 2-s2.0-43549089337
52. Racusen L. C., Pathology and the allo-immune response. American Journal of Transplantation 2003 3 12 1461 1462 2-s2.0-0348012989 10.1046/j.1600-6135. 2003.00288.x (Pubitemid 37541501)
53. Hidalgo L. G., Campbell P. M., Sis B., Einecke G., Mengel M., Chang J., Sellares J., Reeve J., Halloran P. F., De novo donor-specific antibody at the time of kidney transplant biopsy associates with microvascular pathology and late graft failure. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 11 2532 2541 2-s2.0-70350131763 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02800.x
54. Loupy A., Suberbielle-Boissel C., Hill G. S., Lefaucheur C., Anglicheau D., Zuber J., Martinez F., Thervet E., Méjean A., Charron D., Duong Van Huyen J. P., Bruneval P., Legendre C., Nochy D., Outcome of subclinical antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients with preformed donor-specific antibodies. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 11 2561 2570 2-s2.0-70350135489 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02813.x
55. Sis B., Jhangri G. S., Bunnag S., Allanach K., Kaplan B., Halloran P. F., Endothelial gene expression in kidney transplants with alloantibody indicates Antibody-mediated damage despite lack of C4d staining. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 10 2312 2323 2-s2.0-70349196778 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009. 02761.x
56. Sis B., Mengel M., Haas M., Colvin R. B., Halloran P. F., Racusen L. C., Solez K., Baldwin W. M. III, Bracamonte E. R., Broecker V., Cosio F., Demetris A. J., Drachenberg C., Einecke G., Gloor J., Glotz D., Kraus E., Legendre C., Liapis H., Mannon R. B., Nankivell B. J., Nickeleit V., Papadimitriou J. C., Randhawa P., Regele H., Renaudin K., Rodriguez E. R., Seron D., Seshan S., Suthanthiran M., Wasowska B. A., Zachary A., Zeevi A., Banff '09 meeting report: antibody mediated graft deterioration and implementation of Banff working groups. American Journal of Transplantation 2010 10 3 464 471 2-s2.0-75749119257 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02987.x
57. Böhmig G. A., Exner M., Habicht A., Schillinger M., Lang U., Kletzmayr J., Säemann M. D., Hörl W. H., Watschinger B., Regele H., Capillary C4d deposition in kidney allografts: a specific marker of alloantibody-dependent graft injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2002 13 4 1091 1099 2-s2.0-0036206865 (Pubitemid 34274108)
58. Haririan A., Kiangkitiwan B., Kukuruga D., Cooper M., Hurley H., Drachenberg C., Klassen D., The impact of C4d pattern and donor-specific antibody on graft survival in recipients requiring indication renal allograft biopsy. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 12 2758 2767 2-s2.0-72449183621 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02836.x
59. Kedainis R. L., Koch M. J., Brennan D. C., Liapis H., Focal C4d+ in renal allografts is associated with the presence of donor-specific antibodies and decreased allograft survival. American Journal of Transplantation 2009 9 4 812 819 2-s2.0-63649089731 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02555.x
60. Loupy A., Cazes A., Guillemain R., Performance of routine C4d and C3d immunostaining on protocol EMBs in a prospective and unselected cohort of heart transplant patients. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 2011 30 4, supplement S17
61. Patel R., Terasaki P. I., Significance of the positive crossmatch test in kidney transplantation. The New England Journal of Medicine 1969 280 14 735 739 2-s2.0-0014662180
62. Lefaucheur C., Loupy A., Hill G. S., Andrade J., Nochy D., Antoine C., Gautreau C., Charron D., Glotz D., Suberbielle-Boissel C., Preexisting donor-specific HLA antibodies predict outcome in kidney transplantation. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2010 21 8 1398 1407 2-s2.0-77955607610 10.1681/ASN.2009101065
63. Ting A., Morris P. J., Successful transplantation with a positive T and B cell crossmatch due to autoreactive antibodies. Tissue Antigens 1983 21 3 219 226 2-s2.0-0020612127 (Pubitemid 13113694)
64. Süsal C., Döhler B., Opelz G., Presensitized kidney graft recipients with HLA class I and II antibodies are at increased risk for graft failure: a Collaborative Transplant Study report. Human Immunology 2009 70 8 569 573 2-s2.0-68049148369 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.04.013
65. Roelen D. L., Doxiadis I. I., Claas F. H., Detection and clinical relevance of donor specific HLA antibodies: a matter of debate. Transplant International 2012 25 6 604 610
66. Wahrmann M., Bartel G., Exner M., Regele H., Körmöczi G. F., Fischer G. F., Böhmig G. A., Clinical relevance of preformed C4d-fixing and non-C4d-fixing HLA single antigen reactivity in renal allograft recipients. Transplant International 2009 22 10 982 989 2-s2.0-69949147608 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2009.00912.x
67. Amico P., Hönger G., Mayr M., Steiger J., Hopfer H., Schaub S., Clinical relevance of pretransplant donor-specific HLA antibodies detected by single-antigen flow-beads. Transplantation 2009 87 11 1681 1688 2-s2.0-67649586593 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a5e034
68. Couzi L., Araujo C., Guidicelli G., Bachelet T., Moreau K., Morel D., Robert G., Wallerand H., Moreau J.-F., Taupin J.-L., Merville P., Interpretation of positive flow cytometric crossmatch in the era of the single-antigen bead assay. Transplantation 2011 91 5 527 535 2-s2.0-79952184151 10.1097/TP. 0b013e31820794bb
69. Blume O. R., Yost S. E., Kaplan B., Antibody-mediated rejection: pathogenesis, prevention, treatment, and outcomes. Journal of Transplantation 2012 2012 7 201754 10.1155/2012/201754
70. Morris G. P., Phelan D. L., Jendrisak M. D., Mohanakumar T., Virtual crossmatch by identification of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies by solid-phase immunoassay: a 30-month analysis in living donor kidney transplantation. Human Immunology 2010 71 3 268 273 2-s2.0-76949095037 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.01.003
71. Loupy A., Hill G. S., Jordan S. C., The impact of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies on late kidney allograft failure. Nature Reviews Nephrology 2012 8 6 348 357 2-s2.0-84859702157 10.1038/nrneph.2012.81
72. Sberro-Soussan R., Zuber J., Suberbielle-Boissel C., Candon S., Martinez F., Snanoudj R., Rabant M., Pallet N., Nochy D., Anglicheau D., Leruez M., Loupy A., Thervet E., Hermine O., Legendre C., Bortezomib as the sole post-renal transplantation desensitization agent does not decrease donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies. American Journal of Transplantation 2010 10 3 681 686 2-s2.0-76949099011 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02968.x