Recent trends in HIV-1 drug resistance

Current Opinion in Virology

Volumn 3, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 487-494

  Siliciano, Janet D ^a   Siliciano, Robert F ^a,b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOUBLE STRANDED DNA; EFAVIRENZ; EMTRICITABINE; LAMIVUDINE; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; RALTEGRAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE; TENOFOVIR; VIRUS RNA;

ARTICLE; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 INFECTION; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; MUTATION; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS ENTRY; VIRUS REPLICATION;

ANIMALS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, VIRAL; DRUG THERAPY; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS;

EID: 84885947430     PISSN: 18796257     EISSN: 18796265     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.007     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. B.A. Larder, G. Darby, and D.D. Richman HIV with reduced sensitivity to zidovudine (AZT) isolated during prolonged therapy Science 243 1989 1731 1734 (Pubitemid 19106971)
2. V.A. Johnson, V. Calvez, H.F. Gunthard, R. Paredes, D. Pillay, R.W. Shafer, A.M. Wensing, and D.D. Richman Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1: March 2013 Top Antivir Med 21 2013 6 14
3. R.M. Gulick, J.W. Mellors, D. Havlir, J.J. Eron, C. Gonzalez, D. McMahon, D.D. Richman, F.T. Valentine, L. Jonas, and A. Meibohm Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy N Engl J Med 337 1997 734 739 (Pubitemid 27417972)
4. S.M. Hammer, K.E. Squires, M.D. Hughes, J.M. Grimes, L.M. Demeter, J.S. Currier, J.J. Eron Jr., J.E. Feinberg, H.H. Balfour Jr., and L.R. Deyton A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team N Engl J Med 337 1997 725 733 (Pubitemid 27417971)
5. A.S. Perelson, P. Essunger, Y. Cao, M. Vesanen, A. Hurley, K. Saksela, M. Markowitz, and D.D. Ho Decay characteristics of HIV-1-infected compartments during combination therapy Nature 387 1997 188 191 (Pubitemid 27209434)
6. Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. Available at http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/ contentfiles/lvguidelines/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf. Treatment recommendations of an expert US panel. Includes a detailed discussion of recent trends in HIV-1 treatment.
7. M. Markowitz, B.Y. Nguyen, E. Gotuzzo, F. Mendo, W. Ratanasuwan, C. Kovacs, G. Prada, J.O. Morales-Ramirez, C.S. Crumpacker, and R.D. Isaacs Rapid and durable antiretroviral effect of the HIV-1 Integrase inhibitor raltegravir as part of combination therapy in treatment-naive patients with HIV-1 infection: results of a 48-week controlled study J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 46 2007 125 133 (Pubitemid 47482607)
8. R.T. Steigbigel, D.A. Cooper, P.N. Kumar, J.E. Eron, M. Schechter, M. Markowitz, M.R. Loutfy, J.L. Lennox, J.M. Gatell, and J.K. Rockstroh Raltegravir with optimized background therapy for resistant HIV-1 infection N Engl J Med 359 2008 339 354
9. E.J. Mills, C. Bakanda, J. Birungi, K. Chan, N. Ford, C.L. Cooper, J.B. Nachega, M. Dybul, and R.S. Hogg Life expectancy of persons receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in low-income countries: a cohort analysis from Uganda Ann Intern Med 155 2011 209 216
10. R.T. Davey Jr., N. Bhat, C. Yoder, T.W. Chun, J.A. Metcalf, R. Dewar, V. Natarajan, R.A. Lempicki, J.W. Adelsberger, and K.D. Miller HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96 1999 15109 15114 (Pubitemid 30019773)
11. T.W. Chun, D. Finzi, J. Margolick, K. Chadwick, D. Schwartz, and R.F. Siliciano In vivo fate of HIV-1-infected T cells: quantitative analysis of the transition to stable latency Nat Med 1 1995 1284 1290
12. T.W. Chun, L. Carruth, D. Finzi, X. Shen, J.A. DiGiuseppe, H. Taylor, M. Hermankova, K. Chadwick, J. Margolick, and T.C. Quinn Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection Nature 387 1997 183 188 (Pubitemid 27209433)
13. D. Finzi, M. Hermankova, T. Pierson, L.M. Carruth, C. Buck, R.E. Chaisson, T.C. Quinn, K. Chadwick, J. Margolick, and R. Brookmeyer Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy Science 278 1997 1295 1300 (Pubitemid 27495742)
14. J.K. Wong, M. Hezareh, H.F. Gunthard, D.V. Havlir, C.C. Ignacio, C.A. Spina, and D.D. Richman Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia Science 278 1997 1291 1295 (Pubitemid 27495741)
15. T.W. Chun, L. Stuyver, S.B. Mizell, L.A. Ehler, J.A. Mican, M. Baseler, A.L. Lloyd, M.A. Nowak, and A.S. Fauci Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 1997 13193 13197 (Pubitemid 27518498)
16. J.D. Siliciano, J. Kajdas, D. Finzi, T.C. Quinn, K. Chadwick, J.B. Margolick, C. Kovacs, S.J. Gange, and R.F. Siliciano Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells Nat Med 9 2003 727 728 (Pubitemid 36749221)
17. B. Joos, M. Fischer, H. Kuster, S.K. Pillai, J.K. Wong, J. Boni, B. Hirschel, R. Weber, A. Trkola, H.F. Gunthard, and Swiss HIV Cohort Study HIV rebounds from latently infected cells, rather than from continuing low-level replication Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 2008 16725 16730
18. G. Dornadula, H. Zhang, B. VanUitert, J. Stern, L. Livornese Jr., M.J. Ingerman, J. Witek, R.J. Kedanis, J. Natkin, J. DeSimone, and R.J. Pomerantz Residual HIV-1 RNA in blood plasma of patients taking suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy JAMA 282 1999 1627 1632 (Pubitemid 29513968)
19. S. Palmer, A.P. Wiegand, F. Maldarelli, H. Bazmi, J.M. Mican, M. Polis, R.L. Dewar, A. Planta, S. Liu, and J.A. Metcalf New real-time reverse transcriptase-initiated PCR assay with single-copy sensitivity for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma J Clin Microbiol 41 2003 4531 4536 (Pubitemid 37259753)
20. F. Maldarelli, S. Palmer, M.S. King, A. Wiegand, M.A. Polis, J. Mican, J.A. Kovacs, R.T. Davey, D. Rock-Kress, and R. Dewar ART suppresses plasma HIV-1 RNA to a stable set point predicted by pretherapy viremia PLoS Pathog 3 2007 e46
21. S. Palmer, F. Maldarelli, A. Wiegand, B. Bernstein, G.J. Hanna, S.C. Brun, D.J. Kempf, J.W. Mellors, J.M. Coffin, and M.S. King Low-level viremia persists for at least 7 years in patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 2008 3879 3884 (Pubitemid 351723493)
22. M. Salgado, S.A. Rabi, K.A. O'Connell, R.W. Buckheit 3rd, J.R. Bailey, A.A. Chaudhry, A.R. Breaud, M.A. Marzinke, W. Clarke, and J.B. Margolick Prolonged control of replication-competent dual-tropic human immunodeficiency virus-1 following cessation of highly active antiretroviral therapy Retrovirology 8 2011 97 4690
23. A. Saez-Cirion, C. Bacchus, L. Hocqueloux, V. Avettand-Fenoel, I. Girault, C. Lecuroux, V. Potard, P. Versmisse, A. Melard, and T. Prazuck Post-treatment HIV-1 controllers with a long-term virological remission after the interruption of early initiated antiretroviral therapy ANRS VISCONTI Study PLoS Pathog 9 2013 e1003211
24. L.M. Mansky, and H.M. Temin Lower in vivo mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 than that predicted from the fidelity of purified reverse transcriptase J Virol 69 1995 5087 5094
25. I. Bontell, A. Haggblom, G. Bratt, J. Albert, and A. Sonnerborg Trends in antiretroviral therapy and prevalence of HIV drug resistance mutations in Sweden 1997-2011 PLoS ONE 8 2013 e59337
26. A. De Luca, D. Dunn, M. Zazzi, R. Camacho, C. Torti, I. Fanti, R. Kaiser, A. Sonnerborg, F.M. Codoner, and K. Van Laethem Declining prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral treatment-exposed individuals in Western Europe J Infect Dis 207 2013 1216 1220
27. C. Charpentier, S. Lambert-Niclot, B. Visseaux, L. Morand-Joubert, A. Storto, L. Larrouy, R. Landman, V. Calvez, A.G. Marcelin, and D. Descamps Evolution of the K65R, K103N and M184V/I reverse transcriptase mutations in HIV-1-infected patients experiencing virological failure between 2005 and 2010 J Antimicrob Chemother 2013 10.1093/jac/dkt184
28. K. Theys, J. Snoeck, J. Vercauteren, A.B. Abecasis, A.M. Vandamme, R.J. Camacho, and Portuguese HIV-1 Resistance Study Group Decreasing population selection rates of resistance mutation K65R over time in HIV-1 patients receiving combination therapy including tenofovir J Antimicrob Chemother 68 2013 419 423
29. J. Vercauteren, K. Theys, A.P. Carvalho, E. Valadas, L.M. Duque, E. Teofilo, T. Faria, D. Faria, J. Vera, and M.J. Aguas The demise of multidrug-resistant HIV-1: the national time trend in Portugal J Antimicrob Chemother 68 2013 911 914
30. J.B. Dinoso, S.Y. Kim, A.M. Wiegand, S.E. Palmer, S.J. Gange, L. Cranmer, A. O'Shea, M. Callender, A. Spivak, and T. Brennan Treatment intensification does not reduce residual HIV-1 viremia in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106 2009 9403 9408
31. S.A. Yukl, A.K. Shergill, K. McQuaid, S. Gianella, H. Lampiris, C.B. Hare, M. Pandori, E. Sinclair, H.F. Gunthard, and M. Fischer Effect of raltegravir-containing intensification on HIV burden and T-cell activation in multiple gut sites of HIV-positive adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy AIDS 24 2010 2451 2460
32. D. McMahon, J. Jones, A. Wiegand, S.J. Gange, M. Kearney, S. Palmer, S. McNulty, J.A. Metcalf, E. Acosta, and C. Rehm Short-course raltegravir intensification does not reduce persistent low-level viremia in patients with HIV-1 suppression during receipt of combination antiretroviral therapy Clin Infect Dis 50 2010 912 919
33. R.T. Gandhi, L. Zheng, R.J. Bosch, E.S. Chan, D.M. Margolis, S. Read, B. Kallungal, S. Palmer, K. Medvik, and M.M. Lederman The effect of raltegravir intensification on low-level residual viremia in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy: a randomized controlled trial PLoS Med 7 2010 e1000321
34. V. Dahl, E. Lee, J. Peterson, S.S. Spudich, I. Leppla, E. Sinclair, D. Fuchs, S. Palmer, and R.W. Price Raltegravir treatment intensification does not alter cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 infection or immunoactivation in subjects on suppressive therapy J Infect Dis 204 2011 1936 1945
35. L.M. Frenkel, Y. Wang, G.H. Learn, J.L. McKernan, G.M. Ellis, K.M. Mohan, S.E. Holte, S.M. De Vange, D.M. Pawluk, and A.J. Melvin Multiple viral genetic analyses detect low-level human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy J Virol 77 2003 5721 5730 (Pubitemid 36538965)
36. N.H. Tobin, G.H. Learn, S.E. Holte, Y. Wang, A.J. Melvin, J.L. McKernan, D.M. Pawluk, K.M. Mohan, P.F. Lewis, J.I. Mullins, and L.M. Frenkel Evidence that low-level viremias during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy result from two processes: expression of archival virus and replication of virus J Virol 79 2005 9625 9634 (Pubitemid 41022306)
37. M. Hermankova, S.C. Ray, C. Ruff, M. Powell-Davis, R. Ingersoll, R.T. D'Aquila, T.C. Quinn, J.D. Siliciano, R.F. Siliciano, and D. Persaud HIV-1 drug resistance profiles in children and adults with viral load of <50 copies/ml receiving combination therapy JAMA 286 2001 196 207 (Pubitemid 32640851)
38. T.L. Kieffer, M.M. Finucane, R.E. Nettles, T.C. Quinn, K.W. Broman, S.C. Ray, D. Persaud, and R.F. Siliciano Genotypic analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance at the limit of detection: virus production without evolution in treated adults with undetectable HIV loads J Infect Dis 189 2004 1452 1465 (Pubitemid 38543595)
39. D. Persaud, G.K. Siberry, A. Ahonkhai, J. Kajdas, D. Monie, N. Hutton, D.C. Watson, T.C. Quinn, S.C. Ray, and R.F. Siliciano Continued production of drug-sensitive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in children on combination antiretroviral therapy who have undetectable viral loads J Virol 78 2004 968 979 (Pubitemid 38067618)
40. R.E. Nettles, T.L. Kieffer, P. Kwon, D. Monie, Y. Han, T. Parsons, J. Cofrancesco Jr., J.E. Gallant, T.C. Quinn, and B. Jackson Intermittent HIV-1 viremia (Blips) and drug resistance in patients receiving HAART JAMA 293 2005 817 829 (Pubitemid 40250365)
41. J.R. Bailey, A.R. Sedaghat, T. Kieffer, T. Brennan, P.K. Lee, M. Wind-Rotolo, C.M. Haggerty, A.R. Kamireddi, Y. Liu, and J. Lee Residual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viremia in some patients on antiretroviral therapy is dominated by a small number of invariant clones rarely found in circulating CD4+ T cells J Virol 80 2006 6441 6457 (Pubitemid 43927447)
42. R.S. Veazey, M. DeMaria, L.V. Chalifoux, D.E. Shvetz, D.R. Pauley, H.L. Knight, M. Rosenzweig, R.P. Johnson, R.C. Desrosiers, and A.A. Lackner Gastrointestinal tract as a major site of CD4+ T cell depletion and viral replication in SIV infection Science 280 1998 427 431 (Pubitemid 28208163)
43. T.W. Chun, D.C. Nickle, J.S. Justement, J.H. Meyers, G. Roby, C.W. Hallahan, S. Kottilil, S. Moir, J.M. Mican, and J.I. Mullins Persistence of HIV in gut-associated lymphoid tissue despite long-term antiretroviral therapy J Infect Dis 197 2008 714 720 (Pubitemid 351364472)
44. T.H. Evering, S. Mehandru, P. Racz, K. Tenner-Racz, M.A. Poles, A. Figueroa, H. Mohri, and M. Markowitz Absence of HIV-1 evolution in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue from patients on combination antiviral therapy initiated during primary infection PLoS Pathog 8 2012 e1002506
45. L. Shen, S. Peterson, A.R. Sedaghat, M.A. McMahon, M. Callender, H. Zhang, Y. Zhou, E. Pitt, K.S. Anderson, E.P. Acosta, and R.F. Siliciano Dose-response curve slope sets class-specific limits on inhibitory potential of anti-HIV drugs Nat Med 14 2008 762 766 (Pubitemid 351951518)
46. B.L. Jilek, M. Zarr, M.E. Sampah, S.A. Rabi, C.K. Bullen, J. Lai, L. Shen, and R.F. Siliciano A quantitative basis for antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection Nat Med 18 2012 446 451
47. G. Hutter, D. Nowak, M. Mossner, S. Ganepola, A. Mussig, K. Allers, T. Schneider, J. Hofmann, C. Kucherer, and O. Blau Long-term control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 stem-cell transplantation N Engl J Med 360 2009 692 698
48. S.A. Yukl, E. Boritz, M. Busch, C. Bentsen, T.W. Chun, D. Douek, E. Eisele, A. Haase, Y.C. Ho, and G. Hutter Challenges in detecting HIV persistence during potentially curative interventions: a study of the Berlin patient PLoS Pathog 9 2013 e1003347
49. T.J. Henrich, Z. Hu, J.Z. Li, G. Sciaranghella, M.P. Busch, S.M. Keating, S. Gallien, N.H. Lin, F.F. Giguel, and L. Lavoie Long-term reduction in peripheral blood HIV type 1 reservoirs following reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation J Infect Dis 207 2013 1694 1702
50. S.G. Deeks HIV infection, inflammation, immunosenescence, and aging Annu Rev Med 62 2011 141 155
51. M.J. Buzon, M. Massanella, J.M. Llibre, A. Esteve, V. Dahl, M.C. Puertas, J.M. Gatell, P. Domingo, R. Paredes, and M. Sharkey HIV-1 replication and immune dynamics are affected by raltegravir intensification of HAART-suppressed subjects Nat Med 16 2010 460 465
52. A. Sigal, J.T. Kim, A.B. Balazs, E. Dekel, A. Mayo, R. Milo, and D. Baltimore Cell-to-cell spread of HIV permits ongoing replication despite antiretroviral therapy Nature 477 2011 95 98
53. D.V. Havlir, N.S. Hellmann, C.J. Petropoulos, J.M. Whitcomb, A.C. Collier, M.S. Hirsch, P. Tebas, J.P. Sommadossi, and D.D. Richman Drug susceptibility in HIV infection after viral rebound in patients receiving indinavir-containing regimens JAMA 283 2000 229 234 (Pubitemid 30039223)
54. D.I. Dolling, D.T. Dunn, K.A. Sutherland, D. Pillay, J.L. Mbisa, C.M. Parry, F.A. Post, C.A. Sabin, P.A. Cane, and on behalf of the UK HIV Drug Resistance Database (UKHDRD) and the UK Collaborative HIV Cohort Study (UK CHIC) Low frequency of genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients failing an atazanavir-containing regimen: a clinical cohort study J Antimicrob Chemother 2013 10.1093/jac/dkt199
55. D.I. Rosenbloom, A.L. Hill, S.A. Rabi, R.F. Siliciano, and M.A. Nowak Antiretroviral dynamics determines HIV evolution and predicts therapy outcome Nat. Med. 18 2012 1378 1385
56. S.A. Rabi, G.M. Laird, C.M. Durand, S. Laskey, L. Shan, J.R. Bailey, S. Chioma, R.D. Moore, and R.F. Siliciano Multi-step inhibition explains HIV-1 protease inhibitor pharmacodynamics and resistance J Clin Invest 2013 10.1172/JCI67399
57. L. Shen, S.A. Rabi, A.R. Sedaghat, L. Shan, J. Lai, S. Xing, and R.F. Siliciano A critical subset model provides a conceptual basis for the high antiviral activity of major HIV drugs Sci Transl Med 3 2011 91ra63
58. J. Chojnacki, T. Staudt, B. Glass, P. Bingen, J. Engelhardt, M. Anders, J. Schneider, B. Muller, S.W. Hell, and H.G. Krausslich Maturation-dependent HIV-1 surface protein redistribution revealed by fluorescence nanoscopy Science 338 2012 524 528
59. A. Fun, A.M. Wensing, J. Verheyen, and M. Nijhuis Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gag and protease: partners in resistance Retrovirology 9 2012 63-4690-9-63