메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 68, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 75-87

Understanding and preventing violence directed against teachers: Recommendations for a national research, practice, and policy agenda

Author keywords

K 12 teachers; School violence; Teacher education; Violence; Violence prevention

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; STATISTICS; STUDENT; UNIVERSITY; VIOLENCE;

EID: 84880986422     PISSN: 0003066X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0031307     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (140)

References (96)
  • 1
    • 85081800871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychological Association, Center for Psychology in Schools and Education. (n.d.). Violence against teachers: A silent national crisis [Online brochure]. Retrieved from
    • American Psychological Association, Center for Psychology in Schools and Education. (n.d.). Violence against teachers: A silent national crisis [Online brochure]. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ed/schools/cpse/ activities/violence-against-teachers.pdf
  • 2
    • 84881002332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychological Association Task Force on Violence Directed Against Teachers.
    • Understanding and preventing violence directed against teachers. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Retrieved from
    • American Psychological Association Task Force on Violence Directed Against Teachers. (2011). Understanding and preventing violence directed against teachers. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ed/schools/cpse/activ ities/classroom-violence.pdf
    • (2011)
  • 3
    • 58849088141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools? An evidentiary review and recommendations
    • American Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force, doi:10.1037/0003-066X.63.9.852
    • American Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force. (2008). Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools? An evidentiary review and recommendations. American Psychologist, 63, 852-862. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.63.9.852
    • (2008) American Psychologist , vol.63 , pp. 852-862
  • 4
    • 0036913847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School effects on psychological outcomes during adolescence
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.4.795
    • Anderman, E. M. (2002). School effects on psychological outcomes during adolescence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94, 795-809. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.4.795
    • (2002) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.94 , pp. 795-809
    • Anderman, E.M.1
  • 5
    • 84990039971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievement goal theory, conceptualization of ability/intelligence, and classroom climate
    • In S. Christenson A. L. Reschly & C. Wylie (Eds.), The handbook of research on student engagement, New York, NY: Springer Science
    • Anderman, E. M., & Patrick, H. (2012). Achievement goal theory, conceptualization of ability/intelligence, and classroom climate. In S. Christenson, A. L. Reschly, & C. Wylie (Eds.), The handbook of research on student engagement (pp. 173-191). New York, NY: Springer Science.
    • (2012) , pp. 173-191
    • Anderman, E.M.1    Patrick, H.2
  • 6
    • 1142266430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Students' sense of belonging in school
    • In P. R. Pintrich & M. L. Maehr (Eds.) Advances in motivation and achievement:, Motivating students, improving schools: The legacy of Carol Midgley, Oxford, England: Elsevier
    • Anderman, L. H., & Freeman, T. (2004). Students' sense of belonging in school. In P. R. Pintrich & M. L. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement: Vol. 13. Motivating students, improving schools: The legacy of Carol Midgley (pp. 27-63). Oxford, England: Elsevier.
    • (2004) , vol.13 , pp. 27-63
    • Anderman, L.H.1    Freeman, T.2
  • 8
    • 0032066143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School social workers and school violence: Personal safety, training, and violence programs
    • doi:10.1093/sw/43.3.223
    • Astor, R. A., Behre, W. J., Wallace, J., & Fravil, K. (1998). School social workers and school violence: Personal safety, training, and violence programs. Social Work, 43, 223-232. doi:10.1093/sw/43.3.223
    • (1998) Social Work , vol.43 , pp. 223-232
    • Astor, R.A.1    Behre, W.J.2    Wallace, J.3    Fravil, K.4
  • 9
    • 84880341802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principal attrition and mobility: Results from the 2008-09 principal follow-up survey (NCES 2010-337)
    • Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
    • Battle, D., & Gruber, K. (2010). Principal attrition and mobility: Results from the 2008-09 principal follow-up survey (NCES 2010-337). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.
    • (2010)
    • Battle, D.1    Gruber, K.2
  • 10
    • 48349093031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to violence and aggression: Protective roles of social support among urban African American youth
    • doi:10.1002/jcop.20252
    • Benhorin, S., & McMahon, S. D. (2008). Exposure to violence and aggression: Protective roles of social support among urban African American youth. Journal of Community Psychology, 36(6), 723-743. doi:10.1002/jcop.20252
    • (2008) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 723-743
    • Benhorin, S.1    McMahon, S.D.2
  • 11
    • 84937329005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban violence among African American males: Integrating family, neighborhood, and peer perspectives
    • Bennett, M. D., Jr., & Fraser, M. W. (2000). Urban violence among African American males: Integrating family, neighborhood, and peer perspectives. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 27(3), 93-117.
    • (2000) Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 93-117
    • Bennett, M.D.1    Fraser, M.W.2
  • 12
  • 13
    • 0001709392 scopus 로고
    • The experimental ecology of education
    • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1976). The experimental ecology of education. Teachers College Record, 78, 157-204.
    • (1976) Teachers College Record , vol.78 , pp. 157-204
    • Bronfenbrenner, U.1
  • 14
    • 0000480527 scopus 로고
    • Contexts of child rearing: Problems and prospects
    • doi:10.1037/ 0003-066X.34.10.844
    • Bronfenbrenner U. (1979). Contexts of child rearing: Problems and prospects. American Psychologist, 34(10), 844 - 850. doi:10.1037/ 0003-066X.34.10.844
    • (1979) American Psychologist , vol.34 , Issue.10
    • Bronfenbrenner, U.1
  • 15
    • 85081794584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center for the Prevention of School Violence. Just what is "school violence"? Retrieved from , May
    • Center for the Prevention of School Violence. (2002, May). Just what is "school violence"? Retrieved from http://www.ncdjjdp.org/cpsv/pdf_ files/newsbrief5_02.pdf
    • (2002)
  • 16
    • 77951092488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to community violence and adolescents' internalizing behaviors among African American and Asian American adolescents
    • doi: 10.1007/s10964-009-9427-7
    • Chen, W. Y. (2010). Exposure to community violence and adolescents' internalizing behaviors among African American and Asian American adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 403-413. doi: 10.1007/s10964-009-9427-7
    • (2010) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.39 , pp. 403-413
    • Chen, W.Y.1
  • 17
    • 0003787874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10409-000
    • Collins, L. M., & Sayer, A. G. (Eds.). (2001). New methods for the analysis of change. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10409-000
    • (2001) New methods for the analysis of change
    • Collins, L.M.1    Sayer, A.G.2
  • 18
    • 85081791303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing the cycle of acting-out behavior in the classroom
    • Colvin, G. (2004). Managing the cycle of acting-out behavior in the classroom. Eugene, OR: Behavior Associates.
    • (2004) Eugene OR: Behavior Associates.
    • Colvin, G.1
  • 19
    • 0002814635 scopus 로고
    • Context, self, and action: A motivational analysis of self-system processes across the life span
    • In D. Cicchetti &M. Beeghly (Eds.). The self in transition: Infancy to childhood, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
    • Connell, J. (1991). Context, self, and action: A motivational analysis of self-system processes across the life span. In D. Cicchetti &M. Beeghly (Eds.), The self in transition: Infancy to childhood (pp. 61-97). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
    • (1991) , pp. 61-97
    • Connell, J.1
  • 20
    • 29144532063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A descriptive analysis of positive behavioral intervention research with young children with challenging behavior
    • doi:10.1177/02711214050250030301
    • Conroy, M. A., Dunlap, G., Clarke, S., & Alter, P. J. (2005). A descriptive analysis of positive behavioral intervention research with young children with challenging behavior. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 25, 157-166. doi:10.1177/02711214050250030301
    • (2005) Topics in Early Childhood Special Education , vol.25 , pp. 157-166
    • Conroy, M.A.1    Dunlap, G.2    Clarke, S.3    Alter, P.J.4
  • 21
    • 38649095918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of school violence on school personnel: Implications for psychologists
    • doi:10.1037/ 0735-7028.38.6.652
    • Daniels, J. A., Bradley, M. C., & Hays, M. (2007). The impact of school violence on school personnel: Implications for psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38, 652-659. doi:10.1037/ 0735-7028.38.6.652
    • (2007) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , vol.38 , pp. 652-659
    • Daniels, J.A.1    Bradley, M.C.2    Hays, M.3
  • 22
    • 34248552052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of school crime and safety: 2007 (NCES 2008-021/NCJ 219553)
    • Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
    • Dinkes, R., Cataldi, E. F., & Lin-Kelly, W., & Snyder, T. D. (2007). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2007 (NCES 2008-021/NCJ 219553). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
    • (2007)
    • Dinkes, R.1    Cataldi, E.F.2    Lin-Kelly, W.3    Snyder, T.D.4
  • 23
    • 75549092237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School violence: Evaluation and proposal of teaching staff
    • doi:10.2466/pms.109.2.401-406
    • Dominguez Alonso, J., López-Castedo, A., & Pino Juste, M. (2009). School violence: Evaluation and proposal of teaching staff. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 109, 401-406. doi:10.2466/pms.109.2.401-406
    • (2009) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.109 , pp. 401-406
    • Dominguez, A.J.1    López-Castedo, A.2    Pino, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 84986706418 scopus 로고
    • Fear, victimization, and stress among urban public school teachers
    • doi:10.1002/job.4030090207
    • Dworkin, A. G., Haney, C. A., & Telschow, R. L. (1988). Fear, victimization, and stress among urban public school teachers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 9, 159-171. doi:10.1002/job.4030090207
    • (1988) Journal of Organizational Behavior , vol.9 , pp. 159-171
    • Dworkin, A.G.1    Haney, C.A.2    Telschow, R.L.3
  • 26
    • 37249063213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student violence against teachers: Teachers' well-being and the belief in a just world
    • doi:10.1027/1016-9040.12.4.253
    • Dzuka, J., & Dalbert, C. (2007). Student violence against teachers: Teachers' well-being and the belief in a just world. European Psychologist, 12, 253-260. doi:10.1027/1016-9040.12.4.253
    • (2007) European Psychologist , vol.12 , pp. 253-260
    • Dzuka, J.1    Dalbert, C.2
  • 27
    • 0026780424 scopus 로고
    • Schedule-induced stereotypy
    • doi:10.1016/0891- 4222(92)90010-4
    • Emerson, E., & Howard, D. (1992). Schedule-induced stereotypy. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 13, 335-361. doi:10.1016/0891- 4222(92)90010-4
    • (1992) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.13 , pp. 335-361
    • Emerson, E.1    Howard, D.2
  • 29
    • 0038348968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examination of peer-group contextual effects on aggression during early adolescence
    • Espelage, D. L., Holt, M. K., & Henkel, R. R. (2003). Examination of peer-group contextual effects on aggression during early adolescence. Child Development, 74, 205-220.
    • (2003) Child Development , vol.74 , pp. 205-220
    • Espelage, D.L.1    Holt, M.K.2    Henkel, R.R.3
  • 30
    • 82955240285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School violence and bullying prevention: From research based explanations to empirically based solutions
    • In S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.).Handbook of counseling psychology (4th ed.)Hoboken, NJ: Wiley
    • Espelage, D., & Horne, A. (2008). School violence and bullying prevention: From research based explanations to empirically based solutions. In S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology (4th ed., pp. 588-598). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
    • (2008) , pp. 588-598
    • Espelage, D.1    Horne, A.2
  • 31
    • 84874102584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations between peer victimization subtypes, family violence, and psychological outcomes during adolescence
    • doi:10.1037/ a0027386
    • Espelage, D. L., Low, S., & De La Rue, L. (2012). Relations between peer victimization subtypes, family violence, and psychological outcomes during adolescence. Psychology of Violence, 2, 313-324. doi:10.1037/ a0027386
    • (2012) Psychology of Violence , vol.2 , pp. 313-324
    • Espelage, D.L.1    Low, S.2    De La, R.L.3
  • 32
    • 2442601415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence
    • doi:10.3102/00346543074001059
    • Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74, 59-109. doi:10.3102/00346543074001059
    • (2004) Review of Educational Research , vol.74 , pp. 59-109
    • Fredricks, J.A.1    Blumenfeld, P.C.2    Paris, A.H.3
  • 33
    • 34250027938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School violence and teacher professional disengagement
    • doi:10.13481000709906X114571
    • Galand, B., Lecocq, C., & Philippot, P. (2007). School violence and teacher professional disengagement. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 465-477. doi:10.13481000709906X114571
    • (2007) British Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 465-477
    • Galand, B.1    Lecocq, C.2    Philippot, P.3
  • 34
    • 26844449376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School climate predictors of school disorder: Results from a National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools
    • doi:10.1177/ 0022427804271931
    • Gottfredson, G. D., Gottfredson, D. C., Payne, A. A., & Gottfredson, N. C. (2005). School climate predictors of school disorder: Results from a National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 42, 412- 444. doi:10.1177/ 0022427804271931
    • (2005) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , vol.42
    • Gottfredson, G.D.1    Gottfredson, D.C.2    Payne, A.A.3    Gottfredson, N.C.4
  • 35
    • 84863905119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teacher safety and authoritative school climate in high schools
    • Gregory, A., Cornell, D., & Fan, X. (2012). Teacher safety and authoritative school climate in high schools. American Journal of Education, 118, 1-25.
    • (2012) American Journal of Education , vol.118 , pp. 1-25
    • Gregory, A.1    Cornell, D.2    Fan, X.3
  • 36
    • 7544231765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status and future directions of schoolbased behavioral interventions
    • Gresham, F. M. (2004). Current status and future directions of schoolbased behavioral interventions. School Psychology Review, 33, 326- 343.
    • (2004) School Psychology Review , vol.33
    • Gresham, F.M.1
  • 37
    • 4644305733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic teacher turnover in urban elementary schools
    • Guin K. (2004). Chronic teacher turnover in urban elementary schools. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12, 1-25.
    • (2004) Education Policy Analysis Archives , vol.12 , pp. 1-25
    • Guin, K.1
  • 38
    • 0000744827 scopus 로고
    • Aversive stimuli in academic interactions between students with serious emotional disturbance and their teachers
    • Gunter, P., Denny, R., Jack, S., Shores, R., & Nelson, M. (1993). Aversive stimuli in academic interactions between students with serious emotional disturbance and their teachers. Behavioral Disorders, 18, 265- 274.
    • (1993) Behavioral Disorders , vol.18
    • Gunter, P.1    Denny, R.2    Jack, S.3    Shores, R.4    Nelson, M.5
  • 39
    • 0002750101 scopus 로고
    • Effects of challenging behaviors of students with emotional and behavioral disorders on teacher instructional behavior
    • doi:10.1080/1045988X.1994.9944312
    • Gunter, P. L., Jack, S. L., DePaepe, P., Reed, T. M., & Harrison, J. (1994). Effects of challenging behaviors of students with emotional and behavioral disorders on teacher instructional behavior. Preventing School Failure, 38(3), 35-39. doi:10.1080/1045988X.1994.9944312
    • (1994) Preventing School Failure , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 35-39
    • Gunter, P.L.1    Jack, S.L.2    DePaepe, P.3    Reed, T.M.4    Harrison, J.5
  • 41
    • 0003991890 scopus 로고
    • Causes of delinquency
    • CA: University of California Press.
    • Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
    • (1969) Berkeley
    • Hirschi, T.1
  • 42
    • 0033432204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence-prevention programs in schools: State of the science and implications for future research
    • doi:10.1016/ S0962-1849(05)80077-0
    • Howard, K. A., Flora, J., & Griffin, M. (1999). Violence-prevention programs in schools: State of the science and implications for future research. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 8, 197-215. doi:10.1016/ S0962-1849(05)80077-0
    • (1999) Applied and Preventive Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 197-215
    • Howard, K.A.1    Flora, J.2    Griffin, M.3
  • 43
    • 25844455283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming mental health care for children and their families
    • doi:10.1037/0003- 066X.60.6.615
    • Huang, L., Stroul, B., Friedman, R., Mrazek, P., Friesen, B., Pires, S., & Mayberg, S. (2005). Transforming mental health care for children and their families. American Psychologist, 60, 615-627. doi:10.1037/0003- 066X.60.6.615
    • (2005) American Psychologist , vol.60 , pp. 615-627
    • Huang, L.1    Stroul, B.2    Friedman, R.3    Mrazek, P.4    Friesen, B.5    Pires, S.6    Mayberg, S.7
  • 44
    • 85081794825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Education Sciences. (n.d.). Funding opportunities: Overview of IES research and research training grant programs. Retrieved from
    • Institute of Education Sciences. (n.d.). Funding opportunities: Overview of IES research and research training grant programs. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/funding/overview.asp
  • 45
    • 67749109086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BASC-2 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BASC-2 BESS)
    • Bloomington, MN: Pearson Clinical Assessments
    • Kamphaus, R. W., & Reynolds, C. R. (2007). BASC-2 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BASC-2 BESS). Bloomington, MN: Pearson Clinical Assessments.
    • (2007)
    • Kamphaus, R.W.1    Reynolds, C.R.2
  • 46
    • 0009098384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievement goals and student well-being
    • doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.0993
    • Kaplan, A., & Maehr, M. L. (1999). Achievement goals and student well-being. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 24, 330-358. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.0993
    • (1999) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 330-358
    • Kaplan, A.1    Maehr, M.L.2
  • 47
    • 57749209782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidebook on helping persons with mental retardation mourn
    • Amityville, NY: Baywood
    • Kauffman, J. (2005). Guidebook on helping persons with mental retardation mourn. Amityville, NY: Baywood.
    • (2005)
    • Kauffman, J.1
  • 48
    • 78049364438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working with troubled children
    • Verona, WI: Attainment
    • Kauffman, J. M., & Brigham, F. J. (2009). Working with troubled children. Verona, WI: Attainment.
    • (2009)
    • Kauffman, J.M.1    Brigham, F.J.2
  • 49
    • 84965846992 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the clinical or applied significance of behavior change through social validation
    • doi:10.1177/014544557714001
    • Kazdin, A. E. (1977). Assessing the clinical or applied significance of behavior change through social validation. Behaviour Modification, 1, 427-452. doi:10.1177/014544557714001
    • (1977) Behaviour Modification , vol.1 , pp. 427-452
    • Kazdin, A.E.1
  • 50
    • 33745653762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the functional behavioral assessment process used with students with or at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders
    • Kern L., Hilt, A. M., & Gresham, F. (2004). An evaluation of the functional behavioral assessment process used with students with or at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders. Education and Treatment of Children, 27, 440-452.
    • (2004) Education and Treatment of Children , vol.27 , pp. 440-452
    • Kern, L.1    Hilt, A.M.2    Gresham, F.3
  • 51
    • 79953290454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The occupational commitment and intention to quit of practicing and pre-service teachers: Influence of self-efficacy, job stress, and teaching context
    • doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2011.01.002
    • Klassen, R. M., & Chiu, M. M. (2011). The occupational commitment and intention to quit of practicing and pre-service teachers: Influence of self-efficacy, job stress, and teaching context. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36, 114-129. doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2011.01.002
    • (2011) Contemporary Educational Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 114-129
    • Klassen, R.M.1    Chiu, M.M.2
  • 52
    • 77954008166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teachers' collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and job stress in cross-cultural context
    • doi:10.1080/ 00220970903292975
    • Klassen, R. M., Usher, E. L., & Bong, M. (2010). Teachers' collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and job stress in cross-cultural context. Journal of Experimental Education, 78, 464 - 486. doi:10.1080/ 00220970903292975
    • (2010) Journal of Experimental Education , vol.78
    • Klassen, R.M.1    Usher, E.L.2    Bong, M.3
  • 55
    • 78649570533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic screenings to prevent the development of learning and behavior problems: Considerations for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers
    • doi:10.1177/ 1044207310379123
    • Lane, K. L., Oakes, W. P., & Menzies, H. M. (2010). Systematic screenings to prevent the development of learning and behavior problems: Considerations for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers. Journal of Disabilities Policy Studies, 21, 160 -172. doi:10.1177/ 1044207310379123
    • (2010) Journal of Disabilities Policy Studies , vol.21
    • Lane, K.L.1    Oakes, W.P.2    Menzies, H.M.3
  • 57
    • 37648999376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The costs and benefits of an excellent education for America's children (Working Paper)
    • New York, NY: Teachers College, Columbia University
    • Levin, H. M., Belfield, C. R., Muennig, P., & Rouse, C. (2006). The costs and benefits of an excellent education for America's children (Working Paper). New York, NY: Teachers College, Columbia University.
    • (2006)
    • Levin, H.M.1    Belfield, C.R.2    Muennig, P.3    Rouse, C.4
  • 58
    • 84880986664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal research in school bullying: Adolescents who bully and who are bullied
    • In D. Buchanan, C. B. Fisher, & L, Gable (Eds.), Research with high-risk populations: Balancing science, ethics, and law, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Ma, L., Phelps, E., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2009). Longitudinal research in school bullying: Adolescents who bully and who are bullied. In D. Buchanan, C. B. Fisher, & L. Gable (Eds.), Research with high-risk populations: Balancing science, ethics, and law (pp. 93-108). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (2009) , pp. 93-108
    • Ma, L.1    Phelps, E.2    Lerner, J.V.3    Lerner, R.M.4
  • 59
    • 0000129652 scopus 로고
    • Enhancing student motivation: A schoolwide approach
    • doi: 10.1080/00461520.1991.9653140
    • Maehr, M. L., & Midgley, C. (1991). Enhancing student motivation: A schoolwide approach. Educational Psychologist, 26, 399-427. doi: 10.1080/00461520.1991.9653140
    • (1991) Educational Psychologist , vol.26 , pp. 399-427
    • Maehr, M.L.1    Midgley, C.2
  • 61
    • 34548356530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School violence interventions in the Safe Schools/Healthy Students Initiative: Evaluation of two early intervention programs
    • doi:10.1300/J202v06n02_04
    • Massey, O. T., Boroughs, M., & Armstrong, K. H. (2007). School violence interventions in the Safe Schools/Healthy Students Initiative: Evaluation of two early intervention programs. Journal of School Violence, 6, 57-74. doi:10.1300/J202v06n02_04
    • (2007) Journal of School Violence , vol.6 , pp. 57-74
    • Massey, O.T.1    Boroughs, M.2    Armstrong, K.H.3
  • 62
    • 79959959353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecology of achievement among students diverse in ethnicity and ability
    • doi:10.1002/jcop .20458
    • McMahon, S. D., Keys, C. B., Berardi, L., & Crouch, R. (2011). The ecology of achievement among students diverse in ethnicity and ability. Journal of Community Psychology, 39, 645-662. doi:10.1002/jcop .20458
    • (2011) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 645-662
    • McMahon, S.D.1    Keys, C.B.2    Berardi, L.3    Crouch, R.4
  • 63
    • 43849083079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence directed against teachers: Results from a national survey
    • S. D. Parnes, A, Keys, C. B., & Viola, J. (2008). School belonging among low-income urban youth with disabilities: Testing a theoretical model. Psychology in the Schools, doi: 10.1002/pits.20304
    • McMahon, S. D., Martinez, A., Espelage, D., Reddy, L. A., Rose, C., Lane, K., . . . Brown, V. (2012). Violence directed against teachers: Results from a national survey. Manuscript submitted for publication. McMahon, S. D., Parnes, A., Keys, C. B., & Viola, J. (2008). School belonging among low-income urban youth with disabilities: Testing a theoretical model. Psychology in the Schools, 45(2), 387-401. doi: 10.1002/pits.20304
    • (2012) Manuscript submitted for publication. McMahon , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 387-401
    • McMahon, S.D.1    Martinez, A.2    Espelage, D.3    Reddy, L.A.4    Rose, C.5    Lane, K.6    Brown, V.7
  • 64
    • 84876833723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggressive and prosocial behavior: Community violence, cognitive, and behavioral predictors among urban African American youth American Journal of Community Psychology
    • doi:10.1007/s10464-012-9560-4
    • McMahon, S. D., Todd, N. R., Martinez, A., Coker, C., Sheu, C.-F., Washburn, J., & Shah, S. (2012). Aggressive and prosocial behavior: Community violence, cognitive, and behavioral predictors among urban African American youth. American Journal of Community Psychology. Advance online publication. doi:10.1007/s10464-012-9560-4
    • (2012) Advance online publication
    • McMahon, S.D.1    Todd, N.R.2    Martinez, A.3    Coker, C.4    Sheu, C.F.5    Washburn, J.6    Shah, S.7
  • 65
    • 23044533274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic identity in urban African American youth: Exploring links with self-worth, aggression and other psychosocial variables
    • doi:10.1002/jcop.10013
    • McMahon, S. D., & Watts, R. (2002). Ethnic identity in urban African American youth: Exploring links with self-worth, aggression and other psychosocial variables. Journal of Community Psychology, 30(4), 411- 431. doi:10.1002/jcop.10013
    • (2002) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.30 , Issue.4
    • McMahon, S.D.1    Watts, R.2
  • 66
    • 79952770741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary school teachers' personal and school characteristics, experience of violence and perceived violence motives
    • doi: 10.1080/13540602.2011.539803
    • Mooij, T. (2011). Secondary school teachers' personal and school characteristics, experience of violence and perceived violence motives. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 17, 227-253. doi: 10.1080/13540602.2011.539803
    • (2011) Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice , vol.17 , pp. 227-253
    • Mooij, T.1
  • 67
    • 34250828574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of teachers and staff regarding the impact of the critical incident stress management (CISM) model for school-based crisis intervention
    • doi:10.1300/J202v06n01_07
    • Morrison, J. Q. (2007). Perceptions of teachers and staff regarding the impact of the critical incident stress management (CISM) model for school-based crisis intervention. Journal of School Violence, 6, 101- 120. doi:10.1300/J202v06n01_07
    • (2007) Journal of School Violence , vol.6
    • Morrison, J.Q.1
  • 68
    • 38549142412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The place of leadership in turnaround schools: Insights from organizational recovery in the public and private sectors
    • doi:10.1108/ 09578230810849826
    • Murphy J. (2006). The place of leadership in turnaround schools: Insights from organizational recovery in the public and private sectors. Journal of Educational Administration, 46, 74 -98. doi:10.1108/ 09578230810849826
    • (2006) Journal of Educational Administration , vol.46
    • Murphy, J.1
  • 69
    • 84881001408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who leaves? Teacher attrition and student achievement
    • March, Washington, DC: American Institutes of Research
    • National Center for the Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research. (2009, March). Who leaves? Teacher attrition and student achievement (Working Paper No. 23). Washington, DC: American Institutes of Research.
    • (2009) National Center for the Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research. , pp. 23
  • 70
    • 85081797101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing and addressing violent behavior: Taking proactive steps for school safety
    • National Education Association and NEA Health Information Network, Retrieved from
    • National Education Association and NEA Health Information Network. (2009). Preventing and addressing violent behavior: Taking proactive steps for school safety. Retrieved from http://crisisguide.neahin.org/ crisisguide/images/Preventing%20Violent%20Behavior.pdf
    • (2009)
  • 71
    • 77957935828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rampage: The social roots of school shootings
    • New York, NY: Basic Books.
    • Newman, K. S., Fox, C., Harding, D. J., Mehta, J., & Roth, W. (2004). Rampage: The social roots of school shootings. New York, NY: Basic Books.
    • (2004)
    • Newman, K.S.1    Fox, C.2    Harding, D.J.3    Mehta, J.4    Roth, W.5
  • 72
    • 33644601567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A factor analysis exploring school bonding and related constructs among upper elementary students
    • O'Farrell, S. L., & Morrison, G. M. (2003). A factor analysis exploring school bonding and related constructs among upper elementary students. California School Psychologist, 8, 53-72.
    • (2003) California School Psychologist , vol.8 , pp. 53-72
    • O'Farrell, S.L.1    Morrison, G.M.2
  • 73
    • 0034560831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Students' need for belonging in the school community
    • doi: 10.3102/00346543070003323
    • Osterman, K. F. (2000). Students' need for belonging in the school community. Review of Educational Research, 70(3), 323-367. doi: 10.3102/00346543070003323
    • (2000) Review of Educational Research , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-367
    • Osterman, K.F.1
  • 74
    • 0003967354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods
    • Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
    • Raudenbush S. W., & Bryk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
    • (2002)
    • Raudenbush, S.W.1    Bryk, A.S.2
  • 75
    • 0026799372 scopus 로고
    • Growth curve analysis in accelerated longitudinal designs
    • doi:10.1177/0022427892029004001
    • Raudenbush, S. W., & Chan, W. (1992). Growth curve analysis in accelerated longitudinal designs. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 29, 387-411. doi:10.1177/0022427892029004001
    • (1992) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , vol.29 , pp. 387-411
    • Raudenbush, S.W.1    Chan, W.2
  • 77
    • 60749111447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of school-based prevention and intervention programs for children and adolescents with emotional disturbance: A meta-analysis
    • doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2008.11 .001
    • Reddy, L. A., Newman, E., DeThomas, C., & Chun, V. (2009). Effectiveness of school-based prevention and intervention programs for children and adolescents with emotional disturbance: A meta-analysis. Journal of School Psychology, 47, 77-99. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2008.11 .001
    • (2009) Journal of School Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 77-99
    • Reddy, L.A.1    Newman, E.2    DeThomas, C.3    Chun, V.4
  • 78
    • 79952947737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of school crime and safety: 2010 (NCES 2011-002/NCJ 230812)
    • Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice
    • Robers, S., Zhang, J., Truman, J., & Snyder, T. D. (2010). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2010 (NCES 2011-002/NCJ 230812). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
    • (2010)
    • Robers, S.1    Zhang, J.2    Truman, J.3    Snyder, T.D.4
  • 79
    • 4043167742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of individual teachers on student achievement: Evidence from panel data
    • doi:10.1257/0002828041302244
    • Rockoff, J. E. (2004). The impact of individual teachers on student achievement: Evidence from panel data. American Economic Review Proceedings, 94(2), 247-252. doi:10.1257/0002828041302244
    • (2004) American Economic Review Proceedings , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-252
    • Rockoff, J.E.1
  • 81
    • 84936089189 scopus 로고
    • Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory
    • doi:10.1086/229068
    • Sampson, R. J., & Groves, W. B. (1989). Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 774-802. doi:10.1086/229068
    • (1989) American Journal of Sociology , vol.94 , pp. 774-802
    • Sampson, R.J.1    Groves, W.B.2
  • 82
    • 33746213779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective instruction: The forgotten component in preventing school violence
    • Scott, T. M., Nelson, C. M., & Liaupsin, C. J. (2001). Effective instruction: The forgotten component in preventing school violence. Education and Treatment of Children, 24, 309-322.
    • (2001) Education and Treatment of Children , vol.24 , pp. 309-322
    • Scott, T.M.1    Nelson, C.M.2    Liaupsin, C.J.3
  • 84
    • 84965904835 scopus 로고
    • Classroom management strategies: Are they setting events for coercion? Behavioral Disorders
    • doi:10.1177/106342669300100106
    • Shores, R., Gunter, P., & Jack, S. (1993). Classroom management strategies: Are they setting events for coercion? Behavioral Disorders, 18, 92-102. doi:10.1177/106342669300100106
    • (1993) , vol.18 , pp. 92-102
    • Shores, R.1    Gunter, P.2    Jack, S.3
  • 85
    • 56449102826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of aggression on achievement: Does conflict with the teacher make it worse? Child Development
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01221.x
    • Stipek, D., & Miles, S. (2008). Effects of aggression on achievement: Does conflict with the teacher make it worse? Child Development, 79(6), 1721-1735. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01221.x
    • (2008) , vol.79 , Issue.6 , pp. 1721-1735
    • Stipek, D.1    Miles, S.2
  • 86
    • 23044532540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of discipline practices: School-wide positive behavior supports
    • doi:10.1300/J019v24n01_03
    • Sugai, G., & Horner, R. H. (2002). The evolution of discipline practices: School-wide positive behavior supports. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 24, 23-50. doi:10.1300/J019v24n01_03
    • (2002) Child and Family Behavior Therapy , vol.24 , pp. 23-50
    • Sugai, G.1    Horner, R.H.2
  • 88
    • 85081798833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School violence prevention: Strategies to keep schools safe (Policy Study No 234)
    • Volokh, A., & Snell, L. (1998). School violence prevention: Strategies to keep schools safe (Policy Study No. 234). Los Angeles, CA: Reason Foundation.
    • (1998) Los Angeles CA: Reason Foundation
    • Volokh, A.1    Snell, L.2
  • 89
    • 20344405093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heading off disruption: How early intervention can reduce defiant behavior-and win back teaching time
    • Walker, H. M., Ramsey, E., & Gresham, F. M. (2004). Heading off disruption: How early intervention can reduce defiant behavior-and win back teaching time. American Educator, 27(4), 6-21.
    • (2004) American Educator , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 6-21
    • Walker, H.M.1    Ramsey, E.2    Gresham, F.M.3
  • 90
    • 2042525986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structuring school-based interventions to achieve integrated primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention goals for safe and effective schools
    • In M. R. Shinn, G. Stoner & H, M. Walker (Eds.), Interventions for academic and behavior problems: Preventive and remedial approaches, Silver Spring, MD: National Association of School Psychologists
    • Walker, H. M., & Shinn, M. R. (2002). Structuring school-based interventions to achieve integrated primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention goals for safe and effective schools. In M. R. Shinn, G. Stoner, & H. M. Walker (Eds.), Interventions for academic and behavior problems: Preventive and remedial approaches (pp. 1-26). Silver Spring, MD: National Association of School Psychologists.
    • (2002) , pp. 1-26
    • Walker, H.M.1    Shinn, M.R.2
  • 91
    • 21844484228 scopus 로고
    • A descriptive analysis of aggressive behavior in classrooms for students with emotional and behavioral disorders
    • Wehby, J. H., Symons, F., & Shores, R. E. (1995). A descriptive analysis of aggressive behavior in classrooms for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Behavioral Disorders, 20, 87-105.
    • (1995) Behavioral Disorders , vol.20 , pp. 87-105
    • Wehby, J.H.1    Symons, F.2    Shores, R.E.3
  • 92
    • 0347273634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What works in school-based social and emotional learning programs for positive youth development
    • doi:10.1177/0002716203260093
    • Weissberg, R. P., & O'Brien, M. U. (2004). What works in school-based social and emotional learning programs for positive youth development. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 86-97. doi:10.1177/0002716203260093
    • (2004) Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , vol.591 , pp. 86-97
    • Weissberg, R.P.1    O'Brien, M.U.2
  • 93
    • 79959699701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Violence against teachers: Prevalence and consequences
    • doi:10.1177/0886260510383027
    • Wilson, C. M., Douglas, K. S., & Lyon, D. R. (2011). Violence against teachers: Prevalence and consequences. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26, 2353-2371. doi:10.1177/0886260510383027
    • (2011) Journal of Interpersonal Violence , vol.26 , pp. 2353-2371
    • Wilson, C.M.1    Douglas, K.S.2    Lyon, D.R.3
  • 94
    • 34547449699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School-based interventions for aggressive and disruptive behavior: Update of a meta-analysis
    • doi:10.1016/j .amepre.2007.04.011
    • Wilson, S. J., & Lipsey, M. W. (2007). School-based interventions for aggressive and disruptive behavior: Update of a meta-analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 33, S130-S143. doi:10.1016/j .amepre.2007.04.011
    • (2007) American Journal of Preventive Medicine , vol.33
    • Wilson, S.J.1    Lipsey, M.W.2
  • 95
    • 84987313467 scopus 로고
    • Social validity: The case for subjective measurement or how applied behavior analysis is finding its heart
    • doi:10.1901/jaba.1978.11-203
    • Wolf, M. (1978). Social validity: The case for subjective measurement or how applied behavior analysis is finding its heart. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 203-214. doi:10.1901/jaba.1978.11-203
    • (1978) Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , vol.11 , pp. 203-214
    • Wolf, M.1
  • 96
    • 4544372158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing youth violence through promotion of community engagement and membership
    • doi:10.1002/jcop.20023
    • Zeldin, S. (2004). Preventing youth violence through promotion of community engagement and membership. Journal of Community Psychology, 32(5), 623-641. doi:10.1002/jcop.20023
    • (2004) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 623-641
    • Zeldin, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.