Intragroup Functional Diversity and Intergroup Relations in American and Chinese Workgroups

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Volumn 44, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 1127-1147

  Zhang, Yan ^a   Tsui, Anne ^a,b,c,d  

^a PEKING UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c FUDAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^d ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

functional diversity; group citizenship behavior; individualism; intergroup cooperation; workgroup

Indexed keywords

EID: 84880745614     PISSN: 00220221     EISSN: 15525422     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022022112471897     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Aiken L. S.,West S. G.Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1991:.
2. Allison P. D.Measures of inequality.American Sociological Review. 1978;43:865-880.
3. Allport G. W.The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley; 1954:.
4. Bliese P.Group size, ICC values and group-level correlations: A simulation.Organizational Research Methods. 1998;1:355-373.
5. Bliese P.Multi-level theory, research, and methods in organizations. Klein K.Kozlowski S., ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2000:349-381.
6. Bommer W. H.,Dierdorff E. C.,Rubin R. S.Does prevalence mitigate relevance? The moderating effect of group-level OCB on employee performance.Academy of Management Journal. 2007;50:1481-1494.
7. Bond M. H.,Hwang K. K.The psychology of Chinese people. Bond M. H., ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1986:213-266.
8. Brewer M. B.,Chen Y. R.Where (Who) are collectives in collectivism? Toward conceptual clarification of individualism and collectivism.Psychological Review. 2007;114 (1): 133-151.
9. Brewer M. B.,Miller N.Intergroup relations. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press; 1996:.
10. Brislin R. W.Handbook of cross-cultural psychology: Methodology. Triandis H. C.Berry J. W., ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon; 1981:389-444.
11. Brown M. E.,Trevino L. K.Socialized charismatic leadership, values congruence, and deviance in workgroups.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2006;91:954-962.
12. Buchan N. R.,Croson R. T. A.,Dawes R. M.Swift neighbors and persistent strangers: A cross-cultural investigation of trust and reciprocity in social exchange.American Journal of Sociology. 2002;108 (1): 168-206.
13. Chen G.,Bliese P. D.The role of different levels of leadership in predicting self- and collective efficacy: Evidence for discontinuity.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2002;87:549-556.
14. Chen X. P.,Lam S. K.,Naumann S. E.,Schaubroeck J.Group citizenship behavior: Conceptualization and preliminary tests of its antecedents and consequences.Management and Organization Review. 2005;2:273-300.
15. Cheung G. W.,Rensvold R. B.Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance.Structural Equation Modeling. 2002;9 (2): 233-255.
16. Cheung M.,Leung K.,Au K.Evaluating multilevel models in a cross-cultural research: An illustration with social axioms.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 2006;37:522-541.
17. Child J.Context, comparison, and methodology in Chinese management research.Management and Organization Review. 2009;5:57-73.
18. Cooper D.,Thatcher S. M. B.Identification in organizations: The role of self-concept orientations and identification motives.Academy of Management Review. 2010;35:516-538.
19. Dahlin K. B.,Weingart L. R.,Hinds P. J.Team diversity and information use.Academy of Management Journal. 2005;48:1107-1123.
20. Dawson J. F.Do we have enough? The accuracy of incomplete data from small groups. Paper proceedings of the Academy of Management; 2003Seattle, WA; 2003.
21. Dillman D. A.Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method. 2000). Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2000:.
22. Earley P. C.East meets West meets Mideast: Further explorations of collectivistic and individualistic workgroups.Academy of Management Journal. 1993;36:319-348.
23. Earley P. C.,Lee C.,Hanson L. A.Joint moderating effects of job experience and task component complexity: Relations among goal setting, task strategies, and performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior. 1990;11:3-15.
24. Earley P. C.,Mosakowski E.Creating hybrid team cultures: An empirical test of transnational team functioning.Academy of Management Journal. 2000;43:26-49.
25. Erez M.,Earley P. C.Comparative analysis of goal-setting strategies across cultures.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1987;72:658-665.
26. Friedman R.,Chi S. C.,Liu L. A.An expectancy model of Chinese-American differences in conflict-avoiding.Journal of International Business Studies. 2006;37 (1): 76-97.
27. Harrison D. A.,Klein K. J.What's the difference? Diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations.Academy of Management Review. 2007;32:1199-1228.
28. Hofman D. A.,Jones L. M.Leadership, collective personality, and performance.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2005;90 (3): 509-522.
29. Hogg M.,Terry D.,White K.A tale of two theories: A critical comparison of identity theory with social identity theory.Social Psychology Quarterly. 1995;58:255-269.
30. Hong Y. Y.,Lp G.,Chiu C. Y.,Morris M. W.,Menon T.Cultural identity and dynamic construction of the self: Collective duties and individual rights in Chinese and American cultures.Social Cognition. 2001;19 (3): 251-268.
31. Hsu F. L.Under the ancestor's shadow: Chinese culture and personality. New York: Columbia University Press; 1948:.
32. James L. R.,Demaree R. G.,Wolf G.Estimating within group inter-rater reliability with and without response bias.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1984;69:85-98.
33. Jehn K.,Bezrukova K.A field study of group diversity, workgroup context, and performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2004;25:703-729.
34. Jetten J.,Spears R.,Manstead A. S. R.Defining dimensions of distinctiveness: Group variability makes a difference to differentiation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1998;74 (6): 1481-1492.
35. Joshi A.,Jackson S. E.International handbook of organizational teamwork and cooperative working. West M. A.Tjosvold D.Smith K. G., ed. New York: Wiley; 2003:271-297.
36. Joshi A.,Roh H.The role of context in work team diversity research: A meta-analytic review.Academy of Management Journal. 2009;52 (3): 599-627.
37. Kim H. S.,Markus H. R.Deviance or uniqueness, harmony or conformity? A cultural analysis.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1999;77:785-800.
38. Kirkman B. L.,Lowe K. B.,Gibson C. B.A quarter century of culture's consequences: A review of empirical research incorporating Hofstede's cultural values framework.Journal of International Business Studies. 2006;37:285-320.
39. Kozlowski S. W. J.,Hattrup K.A disagreement about within group agreement: Disentangling issues of consistency versus consensus.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1992;77:161-167.
40. Lester S. W.,Meglino B. M.,Korsgaard M. A.The antecedents and consequences of group potency: A longitudinal investigation of newly formed workgroups.Academy of Management Journal. 2002;45 (2): 352-368.
41. Leung K.,Bond M. H.The impact of cultural collectivism on reward allocation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1984;47:793-804.
42. Levine R. V.,Norenzayan A.,Philbrick K.Cross-cultural differences in helping strangers.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 2001;32 (5): 543-560.
43. Li P. P.,Leung K.,Chen C. C.,Luo J. D.Indigenous research on Chinese management: What and how.Management and Organization Review. 2012;8 (1): 7-24.
44. Man D. C.,Lam S. S.The effects of job complexity and autonomy on cohesiveness in collectivistic and individualistic workgroups: A cross-cultural analysis.Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2003;24:979-1001.
45. March J. G.,Simon H. A.Organizations. New York: Wiley; 1958:.
46. Markus H.,Kitayama S.Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.Psychological Review. 1991;98:224-253.
47. O'Reilly C. A.,Williams K. Y.,Barsade S. G.Research on managing groups and teams. Gruenfeld D.Mannix B.Neale M., ed. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press; 1998:183-207.
48. Oyserman D.,Coon H. M.,Kemmelmeier M.Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses.Psychological Bulletin. 2002;128:3-72.
49. Page-Gould E.,Mendoza-Denton R.,Tropp L. R.With a little help from my cross-group friend: Reducing anxiety in intergroup contexts through cross-group friendship.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2008;95:1080-1094.
50. Pettigrew T. F.Intergroup contact theory.Annual Review of Psychology. 1998;49:65-85.
51. Randel A. E.,Jaussi K. M.Functional background identity, diversity, and individual performance in cross-functional teams.Academy of Management Journal. 2003;46:763-774.
52. Robert C.,Wasti S. A.Organizational individualism and collectivism: Theoretical development and an empirical test of a measure.Journal of Management. 2002;28:544-566.
53. Rokeach M.,Mezei L.Race and shared belief as factors in social choice.Science. 1966;151:167-172.
54. Simons T.,Pelled L. H.,Smith K. A.Making use of difference: Diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams.Academy of Management Journal. 1999;42 (6): 662-674.
55. Somech A.The effect of leadership style and team process on performance and innovation in functionally heterogeneous teams.Journal of Management. 2006;32:132-157.
56. Song F.,Cadsby C. B.,Bi Y. Y.Trust, reciprocity, and guanxi in China: An experimental investigation.Management and Organizational Review. 2012;8 (2): 397-421.
57. Steenkamp J.,Baumgartner H.Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research.Journal of Consumer Research. 1998;25 (1): 78-90.
58. Tajfel F.Introduction a la psychologie sociale. Moscovici S., ed. Paris: Larousse; 1972:272-302.
59. Teachman J. D.Analysis of population diversity.Sociological Methods and Research. 1980;8:341-362.
60. Tsui A. S.,Gutek B. A.Demographic differences in organizations, current research and future directions. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books; 1999:.
61. Tsui A. S.,Nifadkar S. S.,Ou A. Y.Cross-national, cross-cultural organizational behavior research: Advances, gaps, and recommendations.Journal of Management. 2007;33 (3): 426-478.
62. Turban D. B.,Jones A. P.Supervisor-subordinate similarity: Types, effects, and mechanisms.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1988;73:228-234.
63. Turner J. C.Advances in groupprocesses: Theory and research. Lawler E. J., ed. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press; 1985:77-122.
64. Turner J. C.,Hogg M. A.,Oakes P. J.,Reicher S. D.,Wetherell M. S.Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford, UK: Blackwell; 1987:.
65. van der Vegt G. S.,Bunderson J. S.Learning and performance in multidisciplinary teams: The importance of collective team identification.Academy of Management Journal. 2005;48:532-547.
66. van der Vegt G. S.,Van de Vliert E.,Huang X.Location-level links between diversity and innovative climate depend on national power distance.Academy of Management Journal. 2005;48:1171-1182.
67. van Knippenberg D.,Schippers M. C.Workgroup diversity.Annual of Review of Psychology. 2007;58:515-541.
68. Webber S. S.,Donahue L. M.Impact of highly and less job-related diversity on workgroup cohesion and performance: A meta-analysis.Journal of Management. 2001;27:141-162.
69. Withey M. J.,Daft R. L.,Cooper W. H.Measures of Perrow's work unit technology: An empirical assessment and a new scale.Academy of Management Journal. 1983;26:45-63.
70. Yang K. K.Cross cultural differences in perspectives on the self. Murphy-Berman V.Berman J. J., ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press; 2001:175-255.
71. Zhang Y.,Hou L. W.The romance of working together: The role of gender diversity in China.Human Relations. 2012;65 (11): 1487-1508.
72. Zenger T. R.,Lawrence B. S.Organizational demography: The differential effects of age and tenure distributions on technical communication.Academy of Management Journal. 1989;32:353-376.