The genetics of entrepreneurial performance

International Small Business Journal

Volumn 31, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 473-495

  Shane, Scott ^a   Nicolaou, Nicos ^b  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CYPRUS   (Cyprus)

Author keywords

behavioural genetics; big five personality characteristics; entrepreneurial performance

Indexed keywords

EID: 84879982026     PISSN: 02662426     EISSN: 17412870     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0266242613485767     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Akaike H.Factor analysis and AIC.Psychometrika. 1987;52:317-332.
2. Ashenfelter O,Krueger A.Estimates of the economic return to schooling from a new sample of twins.American Economic Review. 1994;84 (5): 1157-1172.
3. Baron R,Markman G.Beyond social capital: The role of entrepreneurs' social competence in their financial success.Journal of Business Venturing. 2003;18 (1): 41-60.
4. Baron RA.The cognitive perspective: A valuable tool for answering entrepreneurship's basic 'why' questions.Journal of Business Venturing. 2004;19 (2): 221-239.
5. Baron RA.Behavioral and cognitive factors in entrepreneurship.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. 2007;1:167-182.
6. Barrick MR,Mount MK.The big five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis.Personnel Psychology. 1991;44:1-26.
7. Barrick MR,Mount MK,Judge TA.Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next?.Personality and Performance. 2001;9:9-30.
8. The Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Baum JFrese MBaron RA, ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2007:.
9. Behrman J,Hrubec Z,Taubman P, et alSocioeconomic Success: A Study of the Effects of Genetic Endowments, Family Environment and Schooling. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company; 1980:.
10. Benjamin J,Li L,Patterson C, et al.Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of sensation seeking.Nature Genetics. 1996;12:81-84.
11. Benjamin J,Ebstein R,Lesch K.Genes for personality traits: Implications for psychopathology.International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. 1998;1:153-168.
12. Bouchard T,Propping JTwins as a Tool of Behavioral Genetics. Chichester: Wiley; 1993:.
13. Bergeman CS,Chipuer HM,Plomin R,Pedersen NL,McClearn GE,Nesselroade JR,Costa PT,McCrae RR.Genetic and environmental effects on Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: An adoption / twin study.Journal of Personality. 1993;61 (2): 159-179.
14. Carey GHuman Genetics for the Social Sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 2003:.
15. Ciavarella MA,Buchholtz AK,Riordan CM, et al.The big five and venture survival: Is there a linkage?.Journal of Business Venturing. 2004;19:465-483.
16. Comings D,Gonzalez N,Wu S, et al.Studies of the 48 bp repeat polymorphism of the DRD4 gene in impulsive, compulsive and addictive behaviors: Tourette syndrome, ADHD, pathological gambling and substance abuse.American Journal of Medical Genetics. 1999;88:358-368.
17. Comings D,Gade-Andavolu R,Gonzalez N, et al.A multivariate analysis of 59 candidate genes in personality traits: The temperament and character inventory.Clinical Genetics. 2000;58:375-385.
18. Costa PT,McCrae RRRevised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five Factor Inventory NEO-FFI) professional manuaL PAR. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 1992:.
19. Ebstein R,Segman R,Benjamin J, et al.5HT2C serotonin receptor gene polymorphism associated with the human personality trait of reward dependence: Interaction with dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) and dopamine D3 Receptor (D3DR) polymorphisms.American Journal of Medical Genetics. 1997;74:65-72.
20. Ebstein R,Benjamin J,Belmaker RBehavioral Genetics in the Postgenomic Era. Plomin RDeFries JCraig I, ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2002:265-388.
21. Edwards JR.An examination of competing versions of the person-environment fit approach to stress.Academy of Management Journal. 1996;39 (2): 292-339.
22. Farde L,Gusavsson J.D2 dopamine receptors and personality traits.Nature. 1997;385:590.
23. Frese M.Toward a psychology of entrepreneurship: An action theory perspective.Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship. 2009;5 (6): 435-494.
24. Goldberg LR.The development of markers for the Big-five factor structure.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1992;59 (6): 1216-1229.
25. Hamer DThe God Gene. New York: Doubleday; 2004:.
26. Hamer D,Copeland PLiving with Our Genes. New York: Anchor Books; 1999:.
27. Hettema JM,Neale MC,Kendler KS.Physical similarity and the equal environment assumption in twin studies of psychiatric disorders.Behavior Genetics. 1995;25:327-335.
28. Hewitt JK.Editorial policy on candidate gene association and candidate gene-by-environment interaction studies of complex traits.Behavior Genetics. 2012;42:1-2.
29. Hurtz GM,Donovan JJ.Personality and job performance: The Big Five revisited.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2000;85:869-879.
30. Ilies R,Arvey R,Bouchard T.Darwinism, behavioral genetics and organizational behavior: A review and agenda for future research.Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2006;27 (2): 121-141.
31. Jang K,Livesley W,Reimann R, et al.Covariance structure of neuroticism and agreeableness: A twin and molecular genetic analysis of the role of the serotonin transporter genE.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2001;81 (2): 295-304.
32. Jang KW,Livesley J,Vernon P.Heritability of the Big Five personality dimensions and their facets: A twin study.Journal of Personality. 1996;63:577-591.
33. John OPHandbook of Personality. Pervin LA, ed. New York: Guilford Press; 1990:66-100.
34. Kendler KS,Prescott CAGenes, Environment and Psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press; 2006:.
35. Kendler KS,Neale MC,Kessler RC, et al.A test of the equal environment assumption in twin studies of psychiatric illness.Behavior Genetics. 1993;23:21-27.
36. Kristof AL.Person-organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement and implications.Personnel Psychology. 1996;49:1-49.
37. Kristof-Brown AL,Zimmermann RD,Johnson EC.Consequences of individuals' fit at work: A meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group and person-supervisor fit.Personnel Psychology. 2005;58 (2): 281-342.
38. Kuntsi J,Eley TC,Taylor A, et al.Co-occurrence of ADHD and low IQ has genetic origins.American Journal of Medical Genetics. 2004;124B:41-47.
39. Lachman ME,Weaver SLWaltham, MA: Brandeis University; 1997:.
40. Lauver KJ,Kristof-Brown AL.Distinguishing between employees' perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit.Journal of Vocational Behavior. 2001;59:454-470.
41. Lesch K,Bengel D,Heils A, et al.Association of anxiety related trait with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulation region.Science. 1996;274:1527-1531.
42. Lichtenstein P,Pedersen N,McClearn G.The origins of individual differences in occupational status and educational level.Acta Sociologica. 1992;35 (1): 13-31.
43. Locke E,Baum RThe Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Baum JFrese MBaron R, ed. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2007:41-65.
44. Loehlin JCGenes and Environment in Personality Development. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1992:.
45. Loehlin J,Martin N.Age changes in personality traits and their heritabilities during the adult years. Evidence from Australian twin registry samples.Personality and Individual Differences. 2001;30:1147-1160.
46. Loehlin J,McCrae R,Costa P, et al.Heritabilities of common and measure-specific components of the Big Five personality factors.Journal of Research in Personality. 1998;32:431-453.
47. Lykken D,Bouchard T,McGue M, et al.Heritability of interests: A twin study.Journal of Applied Psychology. 1993;78:649-661.
48. McCrae RR.Creativity, divergent thinking and openness to experience.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2002;52:1258-1265.
49. MacMillan IC,Siegel R,Subba Narasimha PN.Criteria used by venture capitalists to evaluate new venture proposals.Journal of Business Venturing. 1985;1:119-128.
50. Markman G,Baron R.Person-entrepreneurship fit: Why some people are more successful as entrepreneurs than others.Human Resource Management. 2003;13:281-301.
51. Morrison A,Breen J,Shameem A.Small business growth: Intention, ability and opportunity.Journal of Small Business Management. 2003;41 (4): 417-425.
52. Neale MC,Maes HHMMethodology for Genetic Studies of Twins and Families. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2002:.
53. Neale MC,Boker S,Xie G, et alMx: Statistical Modeling. 2003) Mx: Statistical Modeling (6th edn). Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA: Virginia Commonwealth University.Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA: Virginia Commonwealth University; 2003:.
54. Nicolaou N,Shane SHandbook of Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Audretsch DHeblich SLalck O, ed. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar; 2011:471-485.
55. Nicolaou N,Shane S,Cherkas L, et al.Is the tendency to engage in entrepreneurship genetic?.Management Science. 2008;54 (1): 167-179.
56. Nicolaou N,Shane S,Cherkas L, et al.The behavioral genetics of opportunity recognition and opportunity exploitation.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 2009;110:108-117.
57. Noble E,Ozkaragoz T,Ritchie T, et al.D2 and D4 dopamine receptor polymorphisms and personality.American Journal of Medical Genetics. 1998;81:257-267.
58. Patel PRole of personality, psychological well-being and goal adjustments in transitions and persistence in self-employment. Muncie, IN: Ball State University; 2009:.
59. Plomin R,Caspi A.DNA and personality.European Journal of Personality. 1998;12:387-407.
60. Plomin R,DeFries JC,McClearn GE, et alBehavioral Genetics. 2008) Behavioral Genetics (5th edn). New York: Worth Publishers.New York: Worth Publishers; 2008:.
61. Rauch A,Frese M.Psychological approaches to entrepreneurial success: A general model and an overview of findings.International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. 2000;15:101-142.
62. Rauch A,Frese M.Let's put the person back into entrepreneurship research: A meta-analysis on the relationship between business owners personality traits, business creation and success.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 2007;16 (4): 353-385.
63. Reif A,Lesch K.Towards a molecular architecture of personality.Behavioral Brain Research. 2003;139:1-20.
64. Riemann R,Angleitner A,Strelau J.Genetic and environmental influence on personality: A study of twins reared together using the self- and peer report NEO-FFI scales.Journal of Personality. 1997;65:449-475.
65. Saudino K,Gagne J,Grant J, et al.Genetic and environmental influences on personality in adult Russian twins.International Journal of Behavioral Development. 1999;23:375-389.
66. Scarr S,Carter-Saltzman L.Twin method: Defence of a critical assumption.Behavior Genetics. 1979;9:527-542.
67. Schnittker J.Happiness and success: Genes, families and the psychological effects of socioeconomic position and social support.American Journal of Sociology. 2008;114:S233-S259.
68. Shane SA General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2003:.
69. Shane S,Nicolaou N,Cherkas L, et al.Openness to experience and opportunity recognition: Evidence of a common genetic etiology.Human Resource Management. 2010a;29:291-303.
70. Shane S,Nicolaou N,Cherkas L, et al.Genetics, the big five and the tendency to be self-employed.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2010b;95 (6): 1154-1162.
71. Singer JJ,MacGregor AJ,Cherkas LF, et al.Genetic influences on cognitive function using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.Intelligence. 2006;34:421-428.
72. Sorensen J,Chang PKansas City, MO: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation; 2006:.
73. Strobel A,Gutknecht L,Rothe C, et al.Allelic variation in 5-HT1A receptor expression is associated with anxiety- and depression-related personality traits.Journal of Neural Transmission. 2003;110 (12): 1445-1453.
74. Tambs K,Sundet M,Magnus P, et al.Genetic and environmental contributions to the covariance between occupational status, educational attainment and IQ: A study of twins.Behavior Genetics. 1989;19 (2): 209-222.
75. Timmons JAThe Entrepreneurial Mind. Andover, MA: Brick House; 1989:.
76. Trapnell PD,Wiggins JS.Extension of the Interpersonal Adjective Scales to include the Big Five dimensions of personality.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1990;59:781-790.
77. The Employment Situation - May 2011. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics; 2011:.
78. Van der Sluis J,Van Praag M,Vijverberg W.Entrepreneurship selection and performance: A meta-analysis of the impact of education in developing countries.World Bank Economic Review. 2005;19 (2): 225-261.
79. Viken R,Rose R,Kaprio J, et al.A developmental genetic analysis of adult personality: Extraversion and neuroticism from 18 to 59 years of age.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1994;66 (4): 722-730.
80. Waller NGPersonality and Psychopathology. Cloninger CR, ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1999:155-197.
81. White R,Thornhill S,Hampson E.Entrepreneurs and evolutionary biology: The relationship between testosterone and new venture creation.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 2006;100:21-34.
82. White R,Thornhill S,Hampson E.A biosocial model of entrepreneurship: The combined effects of nurture and nature.Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2007;28:451-466.
83. Wright WBorn That Way. New York: Routledge; 1999:.
84. Zhang Z,Zyphur M,Narayanan J, et al.The genetic basis of entrepreneurship: Effects of gender and personality.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 2009;110:93-107.
85. Zhao H,Seibert S.The big five personality dimensions and entrepreneurial status: A meta-analytic review.Journal of Applied Psychology. 2006;91 (2): 259-271.
86. Zhao H,Seibert S,Lumpkin T.The relationship of personality to entrepreneurial intentions and performance: A meta-analytic review.Journal of Management. 2010;36:381-404.
87. Zuckerman MPsychobiology of Personality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2005:.