Non-word repetition impairment in autism and specific language impairment: Evidence for distinct underlying cognitive causes

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 404-417

  Williams, David ^a   Payne, Heather ^b   Marshall, Chloë ^c  

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b CITY UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Autism; Clinical markers; Non word repetition; Specific language impairment

Indexed keywords

AGE; ARTICLE; AUTISM; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONSONANT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; LANGUAGE DISABILITY; MALE; NON WORD REPETITION; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD;

ADOLESCENT; AUTISTIC DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD LANGUAGE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; LANGUAGE DISORDERS; LANGUAGE TESTS; MALE;

EID: 84879502559     PISSN: 01623257     EISSN: 15733432     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-012-1579-8     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Alarcón, M.; Abrahams, B. S.; Stone, J. L.; Duvall, J. A.; Perederiy, J. V.; Bomar, J. M.; et al. (2008). Linkage, association, and gene-expression analyses identify CNTNAP2 as an autism-susceptibility gene. American Journal of Human Genetics, 82, 150-159.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edition, text revised) (DSM-IV-TR). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
3. Archibald, L. M.; & Gathercole, S. E. (2006). Nonword repetition: A comparison of tests. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 49, 970-983.
4. Archibald, L. M.; & Gathercole, S. E. (2007). Nonword repetition in specific language impairment: More than a phonological short-term memory deficit. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 919-924.
5. Arking, D. E.; Cutler, D. J.; Brune, C. W.; Teslovich, T. M.; West, K.; Ikeda, M.; et al. (2008). A common genetic variant in the neurexin superfamily member CNTNAP2 increases familial risk of autism. American Journal of Human Genetics, 82, 160-164.
6. Baird, G.; Simonoff, E.; Pickles, A.; Chandler, S.; Loucas, T.; Meldrum, D.; et al. (2006). Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: The Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP). Lancet, 368(9531), 210-215.
7. Ballarati, L.; Recalcati, M. P.; Bedeschi, M. F.; Lalatta, F.; Valtorta, C.; Bellini, M.; et al. (2009). Cytogenetic, FISH and array-CGH characterization of a complex chromosomal rearrangement carried by a mentally and language impaired patient. European Journal of Medical Genetics, 52, 218-223.
8. Barry, J. G.; Yasin, I.; & Bishop, D. V. M. (2007). Heritable risk factors associated with language impairments. Genes Brain and Behavior, 6, 66-76.
9. Bartak, L.; Rutter, M.; & Cox, A. (1975). Comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder 1: Children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 127-145.
10. Bartak, L.; Rutter, M.; & Cox, A. (1977). Comparative study of infantile autism and specific developmental receptive language disorder 3: Discriminant function analysis. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 7(4), 383-396.
11. Bishop, D. V. M. (2010). Overlaps between autism and language impairment: Phenomimicry or shared etiology? Behavior Genetics, 40, 618-629.
12. Bishop, D. (2011, May 30). Are our 'gold standard' autism diagnostic instruments fit for purpose? [Web log message] Retrieved from http://deevybee.blogspot.com/2011/05/are-our-gold-standard-autism-diagnostic. html.
13. Bishop, D. V. M.; Maybery, M.; Wong, D.; Maley, A.; Hill, W.; & Hallmayer, J. (2004). Are phonological processing deficits part of the broad autism phenotype? American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B-Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 128B, 54-60.
14. Bishop, D. V. M.; North, T.; & Donlan, C. (1996). Nonword repetition as a behavioural marker for inherited language impairment: Evidence from a twin study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 37, 391-403.
15. Bishop, D. V. M.; & Snowling, M. (2004). Developmental dyslexia and specific language impairment: Same or different? Psychological Bulletin, 130, 858-886.
16. Botting, N. (2005). Non-verbal cognitive development and language impairment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 317-326.
17. Boucher, J.; & Warrington, E. K. (1976). Memory deficits in early infantile autism: Some similarities to the amnesic syndrome. British Journal of Psychology, 67, 73-87.
18. Butcher, L. M.; Kennedy, J. K. J.; & Plomin, R. (2006). Generalist genes and cognitive neuroscience. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 16(14), 5-151.
19. Catts, H. W.; Adlof, S. M.; Hogan, T. P.; & Weismer, S. E. (2005). Are specific language impairment and dyslexia distinct disorders? Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 48, 1378-1396.
20. Coady, J.; & Evans, J. L. (2008). Uses and interpretations of non-word repetition tasks in children with and without specific language impairments (SLI). International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 43, 1-40.
21. Conti-Ramsden, G.; Botting, N.; Simkin, Z.; & Knox, E. (2001). Follow-up of children attending infant language units: Outcomes at 11 years of age. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 36, 207-219.
22. Conti-Ramsden, G.; & Hesketh, A. (2003). Risk markers for SLI: A study of young language-learning children. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 38, 251-263.
23. Elia, J.; Gai, X.; Xie, H. M.; Perin, J. C.; Geiger, E.; Glessner, J. T.; et al. (2010). Rare structural variants found in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are preferentially associated with neurodevelopmental genes. Molecular Psychiatry, 15, 637-646.
24. Gallon, N.; Harris, J.; & van der Lely, H. K. J. (2007). Nonword repetition: An investigation of phonological complexity in children with Grammatical-SLI. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 21, 435-455.
25. Gathercole, S.; & Baddeley, A. (1990). Phonological memory deficits in language disordered children: Is there a casual connection? Journal of Memory and Language, 29, 336-360.
26. Gathercole, S. E.; Willis, C.; Emslie, H.; & Baddeley, A. D. (1991). The influences of number of syllables and wordlikeness on children's repetition of nonwords. Applied Psycholinguistics, 12, 349-367.
27. Goldman, R.; & Fristoe, M. (2000). Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation-Second Edition. London: Pearson Psychological Corporation.
28. Landis, J. R.; & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33, 159-174.
29. Le Couteur, A.; Lord, C.; & Rutter, M. (2003). The autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R). Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
30. Leonard, L. (2000). Specific language impairment across languages. In D. Bishop & L. Leonard (Eds.), Speech and language impairments in children: Causes, characteristics, intervention, and outcome (pp. 115-129). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
31. Lindgren, K. A.; Folstein, S. E.; Tomblin, J. B.; & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2009). Language and reading abilities of children with autism spectrum disorders and specific language impairment and their first-degree relatives. Autism Research, 2, 22-38.
32. Lord, C.; Risi, S.; Lambrecht, L.; Cook, E.; Leventhal, B.; DiLavore, B.; et al. (2000). The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 205-224.
33. Marshall, C. R.; Harris, J.; & van der Lely, H. K. J. (2003). The nature of phonological representations in children with Grammatical-Specific Language Impairment (G-SLI). In D. Hall, T. Markopoulos, A. Salamoura & S. Skoufaki (Eds.), Proceedings of the University of Cambridge first postgraduate conference in language research (Vol. 1, pp. 511-517).
34. Marshall, C. R.; & van der Lely, H. K. J. (2009). Effects of word position and stress on onset cluster production: Evidence from typical development, specific language impairment, and dyslexia. Language, 85, 39-57.
35. Mawhood, L.; Howlin, P.; & Rutter, M. (2000). Autism and developmental receptive language disorder - A comparative follow-up in early adult life. I: Cognitive and language outcomes. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 547-559.
36. Morton, J.; & Frith, U. (1995). Causal modeling: A structural approach to developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, volume 1, theory and methods (pp. 357-390). New York: Wiley.
37. Newbury, D. F.; Paracchini, S.; Scerri, T. S.; Winchester, L.; Addis, L.; Richardson, A. J.; et al. (2011). Investigation of dyslexia and SLI risk variants in reading- and language-impaired subjects. Behavior Genetics, 41, 90-104.
38. Newbury, D. F.; Winchester, L.; Addis, L.; Paracchini, S.; Buckingham, L.; Clark, A.; et al. (2009). CMIP and ATP2C2 modulate phonological short-term memory in language impairment. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 85, 264-272.
39. Rice, M. L.; Wexler, K.; & Cleave, P. L. (1995). Specific language impairment as a period of extended optional infinitive. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 850-863.
40. Riches, N. G.; Loucas, T.; Baird, G.; Charman, T.; & Simonoff, E. (2011). Non-word repetition in adolescents with specific language impairment and autism plus language impairments: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Communication Disorders, 44, 23-36.
41. Rutter, M.; Bailey, A.; Berument, S. K.; Le Couteur, A.; Lord, C.; & Pickles, A. (2003). Social Communication Questionnaire. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
42. Scerri, T. S.; Morris, A. P.; Buckingham, L. L.; Newbury, D. F.; Miller, L. L.; Monaco, A. P.; et al. (2011). DCDC2, KIAA0319 and CMIP are associated with reading-related traits. Biological Psychiatry, 70, 237-245.
43. Semel, E.; Wiig, E.; & Secord, W. (2006). Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-fourth edition (UK). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
44. Skuse, D.; Warrington, R.; Bishop, D.; Chowdhury, U.; Lau, J.; Mandy, W.; et al. (2004). The developmental, dimensional and diagnostic interview (3di): A novel computerized assessment for autism spectrum disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43, 548-558.
45. Snowling, M.; Chiat, S.; & Hulme, C. (1991). Words, nonwords, and phonological processes: Some comments on Gathercole, Willis, Emslie, and Baddeley. Applied Psycholinguistics, 12, 369-373.
46. Tager-Flusberg, H. (2004). Strategies for conducting research on language in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 75-80.
47. Tomblin, J. B.; Records, N. L.; Buckwalter, P.; Zhang, X. Y.; Smith, E.; & O'Brien, M. (1997). Prevalence of specific language impairment in kindergarten children. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 40, 1245-1260.
48. van der Lely, H. K. J.; & Howard, D. (1993). Specifically language impaired children: Linguistic impairment or short-term memory deficit? Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 37, 1193-1207.
49. Vernes, S. C.; Newbury, D. F.; Abrahams, B. S.; Winchester, L.; Nicod, J.; Groszer, M.; et al. (2008). A functional genetic link between distinct developmental language disorders. New England Journal of Medicine, 359, 2337-2345.
50. Wechsler, D. (2004). Wechsler intelligence scale for children - Fourth edition (UK). London: Pearson Psychological Corporation.
51. Whitehouse, A. J. O.; Barry, J. G.; & Bishop, D. V. M. (2008). Further defining the language impairment of autism: Is there a specific language impairment subtype? Journal of Communication Disorders, 41, 319-336.
52. Whitehouse, A. J. O.; Bishop, D. V. M.; Ang, Q. W.; Pennel, C. E.; & Fisher, S. E. (2011). CNTNAP2 variants affect early language development in the general population. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 10, 451-456.
53. Williams, D. M.; Botting, N.; & Boucher, J. (2008a). Language in autism and specific language impairment: Where are the links? Psychological Bulletin, 134, 944-963.
54. Williams, D.; Happe, F.; & Jarrold, C. (2008b). Intact inner speech use in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a short-term memory task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(1), 51-58.
55. Williams, D. M.; & Lind, S. E. (2013). Comorbidity and diagnosis of developmental disorders. In C. R. Marshall (Ed.), Current Issues in Developmental Disorders (pp. 19-45). London: Psychology Press.
56. Williams, D. M.; Bowler, D. M.; & Jarrold, C. (2012). Inner speech is used to mediate short-term memory, but not planning, among intellectually high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 225-239.