Prevalence of specific language impairment in kindergarten children

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research

Volumn 40, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 1245-1260

  Tomblin, J Bruce ^a   Records, Nancy L ^a   Buckwalter, Paula ^a   Zhang, Xuyang ^a   Smith, Elaine ^a   O'Brien, Marlea ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Specific language impairment

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMAN; KINDERGARTEN; LANGUAGE DISABILITY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MASS SCREENING; PREVALENCE; RURAL AREA; SEX DIFFERENCE; URBAN AREA;

EID: 0031455924     PISSN: 10924388     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1044/jslhr.4006.1245     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Aram, D. M., Morris, R., & Hall, N. E. (1993). Clinical and research congruence in identifying children with specific language impairment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36, 580-591.
3. Bangs, T. E. (1968). Language and learning disorders of the pre-academic child. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
4. Beitchman, J. H., Nair, R., Clegg, M., & Patel, P. G. (1986). Prevalence of speech and language disorders in 5-year-old kindergarten children in the Ottawa-Carleton region. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 51, 98-110.
5. Beitchman, J. H., Nair, R., Clegg, M., & Ferguson, B. (1986). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children with speech and language disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 25, 528-535.
6. Bishop, D. V. M. (1994). Is specific language impairment a valid diagnostic category? Genetic and psycholinguistic evidence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B: Biological Sciences, 346, 105-111.
7. Bishop, D. V. M., & Adams, C. (1990). A prospective study of the relationship between specific language impairment phonological disorders and reading retardation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 1027-1050.
8. Bishop, D. V. M., & Edmundson, A. (1987). Language-impaired 4-year-olds: Distinguishing transient from persistent impairment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52, 156-173.
9. Blommers, P., & Forsyth, R. (1977). Elementary statistical methods in psychology and education. New York: University Press of America.
10. Bloom, L., & Lahey, M. (1978). Language development and language disorders. New York: Wiley.
11. Boyle, M. (1995). Sampling in epidemiological studies. In F. C. Verhulst & H. M. Root (Eds.), The epidemiology of child and adolescent psychopathology (pp. 66-85). New York: Oxford University Press.
12. Bureau of Health Professions (1991). Health status of minorities and low-income groups. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
13. Cantwell, D. P., & Baker, L. (1987). Prevalence and type of psychiatric disorder and developmental disorders in three speech and language groups. Journal of Communication Disorders, 20, 151-160.
14. Catts, H. (1991). Early identification of dyslexia: Evidence of a follow-up study of speech and language impaired children. Annals of Dyslexia, 41, 163-176.
15. Catts, H. (1993). The relation between speech-language impairments and reading disabilities. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36, 948-958.
16. Cole, P. (1982). Language disorders in preschool children. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
17. Cole, K. N., Dale, P. S., & Mills, P. E. (1990). Defining language delay in young children by cognitive referencing: Are we saying more than we know? Applied Psycholinguistics, 11, 291-302.
18. Culatta, B., Page, J., & Ellis, J. (1983). Story retelling as a communicative performance screening tool. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 14, 66-74.
19. Fey, M. (1985) Language intervention with young children. San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press.
20. Fundudis, T., Kolvin, I., & Garside, R. (1979). Speech retarded and deaf children: Their psychological development. New York: Academic Press.
21. Hall, P. K., & Tomblin, J. B. (1978). A follow-up study of children with articulation and language disorders. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 43, 227-241.
22. Kirk, R. E. (1982). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing.
23. Lahey, M. (1988). Language disorders and language development. New York: MacMillan Publishing.
24. Lahey, M. (1990). Who shall be called language disordered? Some reflections and one perspective. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 612-620.
25. Lassman, F. M., Fisch, R. O., Vetter, D. K., & La Benz, E. S. (1980). Early correlates of speech, language, and hearing. Littleton, MA: PSG Publishing.
26. Lee, L. (1974). Developmental sentence analysis. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
27. LoBello, S. G. (1991) A short form of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. Journal of School Psychology, 29, 229-236.
28. MapInfo. (1992-1994). MapInfo users guide. Troy, NY: MapInfo Corp.
29. Newcomer, P., & Hammill, D. (1988). Test of Language Development-2 Primary. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
30. Paul, R. (1995). Language disorders from infancy through adolescence Assessment and intervention. St Louis, MO: Mosby.
31. Paul, R., & Cohen, D. J. (1984). Outcomes of severe disorders of language acquisition. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 14, 405-421.
32. Randall, D., Reynell, J., & Curwen, M. (1974). A study of language development in a sample of three-year-old children. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 9, 3-16.
33. Records, N. L., & Tomblin, J. B. (1994). Clinical decision making: Describing the decision rules of practicing speech-language pathologists. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 37, 144-156.
34. Records, N. L., Tomblin, J. B., & Freese, P. R. (1992). Quality of life in adults with histories of specific language impairment. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1, 44-53.
35. Reynell, J., & Huntley, M. (1977). Reynell Developmental Language Scales. Windsor, England: NFER Publishing.
36. Rice, M. L., Sell, M. A., & Hadley, P. A. (1991). Social interactions of speech and language impaired children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 34, 1299-1307.
37. Richman, N., Stevenson, J., & Grahm, P. (1982). Preschool to school: A behavioral study. London: Academic Press.
38. Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B., Fletcher, J., & Escobar, M. (1990). Prevalence of reading disability in boys and girls: Results of the Connecticut longitudinal study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 264, 998-1002.
39. Shepard, L. (1980). An evaluation of the regression discrepancy method for identifying children with learning disabilities. Journal of Special Education, 14, 79-91.
40. Silva, P. A. (1980). The prevalence, stability and significance of developmental language delay in preschool children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 22, 768-777.
41. Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Williams, S. (1983). Developmental language delay from three to seven years and its significance for low intelligence and reading difficulties at age seven. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 25, 783-793.
42. Stark, R., & Tallal, P. (1981). Selection of children with specific language deficits. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46, 114-122.
43. Stark, R., & Tallal, P. (1988). Language, speech, and reading disorders in children: Neuropsychological studies. San Diego, CA: College-Hill.
44. Stevenson, J., & Richman, N. (1976). The prevalence of language delay in a population of three-year-old children and its association with general retardation. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 18, 431-441.
45. Tallal, P. (1988). Developmental language disorders. In J. F. Kavanaugh & T. J. Truss (Eds.), Learning disabilities: Proceedings of the national conference (pp. 181-272). Maryland: York Press.
46. Tallal, P., Dukette, D., & Curtiss, S. (1989). Behavioral/emotional profiles of preschool language-impaired children. Development and Psychopathology, 1, 51-67.
47. Tomblin, J. B. (1992). Risk factors associated with specific language disorder. In M. Wolraich & D. K. Routh (Eds.), Developmental and behavioral pediatrics (pp. 131-158). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
48. Tomblin, J. B. (1996). The big picture of SLI: Epidemiology of SLI. Paper presented at the Symposium on Research in Child Language Disorders, Madison, WI.
49. Tomblin, J. B., Records, N. L., & Zhang, X. (1996). A system for the diagnosis of specific language impairment in kindergarten children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 39, 1284-1294.
50. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (1991). Census of population and housing (1990): Summary tape file 3 technical documentation. Washington DC: Author.
51. Verhulst, F. (1995). The epidemiology of child and adolescent psychopathology: Strengths and weaknesses. In F. Verhulst & H. Root (Eds.), The epidemiology of child and adolescent psychopathology (pp. 1-21). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
52. Vetter, D., Fay, W., & Winitz, H. (1980). Language. In F. Lassman, R. Fisch, D. Vetter, & E. La Benz (Eds.), Early correlates of speech, language, and hearing (pp. 266-329). Littleton, MA: PSG Publishing.
53. Wechsler, D. (1989). WPPSI-R Manual: Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.
54. Westby, C. (1995). Multicultural issues. In J. B. Tomblin, H. L. Morris, & D. C. Spriestersbach (Eds.), Diagnosis in speech-language pathology (pp. 29-51). San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing.
55. Whitehurst, G., & Fischel, J. (1994). Practitioner review: Early developmental language delay: What, if anything, should the clinician do about it? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 613-648.
56. Wilson, B., & Resucci, D. (1988). The early identification of developmental language disorders and the prediction of the acquisition of reading skills. In R. Masland & M. Masland (Eds.), Preschool prevention of reading failure (187-203). Parkton, MD: York.