메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 732-741

The antiretroviral protease inhibitor ritonavir accelerates glutathione export from cultured primary astrocytes

Author keywords

Astroglia; Export; GSH; Multidrug resistance proteins; Protease inhibitor

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; GLUTATHIONE; INDINAVIR; NELFINAVIR; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; RITONAVIR; VERLUKAST;

EID: 84876187621     PISSN: 03643190     EISSN: 15736903     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-0971-x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (23)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 72249123176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients, and their correlation with drug action
    • 20000887 10.2165/11318110-000000000-00000 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhslOmsrs%3D
    • Bazzoli C, Jullien V, Le Tiec C, Rey E, Mentre F, Taburet AM (2010) Intracellular pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients, and their correlation with drug action. Clin Pharmacokinet 49(1):17-45
    • (2010) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.49 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-45
    • Bazzoli, C.1    Jullien, V.2    Le Tiec, C.3    Rey, E.4    Mentre, F.5    Taburet, A.M.6
  • 2
    • 0035958773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the effectiveness of triple combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected adults
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200107270-00006
    • Bartlett JA, DeMasi R, Quinn J, Moxham C, Rousseau F (2001) Overview of the effectiveness of triple combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected adults. AIDS 15(11):1369-1377 (Pubitemid 32663904)
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 1369-1377
    • Bartlett, J.A.1    DeMasi, R.2    Quinn, J.3    Moxham, C.4    Rousseau, F.5
  • 3
    • 0032580479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-protease inhibitors
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJM199804303381808
    • Flexner C (1998) HIV-protease inhibitors. N Eng J Med 338(18):1281-1292 (Pubitemid 28216584)
    • (1998) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.338 , Issue.18 , pp. 1281-1292
    • Flexner, C.1
  • 4
    • 0033942065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of protease inhibitor plasma levels in HIV-infected patients treated with genotypic-guided therapy: Pharmacological data from the Viradapt Study
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200007070-00005
    • Durant J, Clevenbergh P, Garraffo R, Halfon P, Icard S, Del Giudice P, Montagne N, Schapiro JM, Dellamonica P (2000) Importance of protease inhibitor plasma levels in HIV-infected patients treated with genotypic-guided therapy: pharmacological data from the Viradapt Study. AIDS 14(10):1333-1339 (Pubitemid 30459505)
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 1333-1339
    • Durant, J.1    Clevenbergh, P.2    Garraffo, R.3    Halfon, P.4    Icard, S.5    Del Giudice, P.6    Montagne, N.7    Schapiro, J.M.8    Dellamonica, P.9
  • 5
    • 0032537482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to HIV protease inhibitors: A comparison of enzyme inhibition and antiviral potency
    • DOI 10.1021/bi972555l
    • Klabe RM, Bacheler LT, Ala PJ, Erickson-Viitanen S, Meek JL (1998) Resistance to HIV protease inhibitors: a comparison of enzyme inhibition and antiviral potency. Biochemistry 37(24):8735-8742 (Pubitemid 28299611)
    • (1998) Biochemistry , vol.37 , Issue.24 , pp. 8735-8742
    • Klabe, R.M.1    Bacheler, L.T.2    Ala, P.J.3    Erickson-Viitanen, S.4    Meek, J.L.5
  • 6
    • 0030852009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoforms by the protease inhibitors, ritonavir, saquinavir and indinavir
    • Eagling VA, Back DJ, Barry MG (1997) Differential inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoforms by the protease inhibitors, ritonavir, saquinavir and indinavir. Br J Clin Pharmacol 44(2):190-194 (Pubitemid 27327076)
    • (1997) British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-194
    • Eagling, V.A.1    Back, D.J.2    Barry, M.G.3
  • 8
    • 73549092917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fifteen years of HIV protease inhibitors: Raising the barrier to resistance
    • 19853627 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.10.003 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnvFCmug%3D%3D
    • Wensing AM, van Maarseveen NM, Nijhuis M (2010) Fifteen years of HIV protease inhibitors: raising the barrier to resistance. Antiviral Res 85(1):59-74
    • (2010) Antiviral Res , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-74
    • Wensing, A.M.1    Van Maarseveen, N.M.2    Nijhuis, M.3
  • 9
    • 12344322578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intracellular pharmacology of antiretroviral protease inhibitors
    • DOI 10.1093/jac/dkh487
    • Ford J, Khoo SH, Back DJ (2004) The intracellular pharmacology of antiretroviral protease inhibitors. J Antimicrob Chemother 54(6):982-990 (Pubitemid 40136729)
    • (2004) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.54 , Issue.6 , pp. 982-990
    • Ford, J.1
  • 10
    • 0035198762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles and practice of HIV-protease inhibitor pharmacoenhancement
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1468-1293.2001.00063.x
    • Moyle GJ, Back D (2001) Principles and practice of HIV-protease inhibitor pharmacoenhancement. HIV Med 2(2):105-113 (Pubitemid 33114749)
    • (2001) HIV Medicine , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-113
    • Moyle, G.J.1    Back, D.2
  • 11
    • 77952356102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cytosolic redox state of astrocytes: Maintenance, regulation and functional implications for metabolite trafficking
    • 19883686 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.10.003 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXlsFahsb8%3D
    • Hirrlinger J, Dringen R (2010) The cytosolic redox state of astrocytes: maintenance, regulation and functional implications for metabolite trafficking. Brain Res Rev 63(1-2):177-188
    • (2010) Brain Res Rev , vol.63 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 177-188
    • Hirrlinger, J.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 13
    • 77649189116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes: Biology and pathology
    • 20012068 10.1007/s00401-009-0619-8
    • Sofroniew MV, Vinters HV (2010) Astrocytes: biology and pathology. Acta Neuropathol 119(1):7-35
    • (2010) Acta Neuropathol , vol.119 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-35
    • Sofroniew, M.V.1    Vinters, H.V.2
  • 14
    • 84863464112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain lactate metabolism: The discoveries and the controversies
    • 22186669 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.175 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XpvVSjt7c%3D
    • Dienel GA (2012) Brain lactate metabolism: the discoveries and the controversies. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 32(7):1107-1138
    • (2012) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 1107-1138
    • Dienel, G.A.1
  • 15
    • 84869452629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSH synthesis and metabolism
    • R. Gruetter I.Y. Choi (eds) Springer New York 10.1007/978-1-4614-1788-0- 36
    • Schmidt MM, Dringen R (2012) GSH synthesis and metabolism. In: Gruetter R, Choi IY (eds) Advances in neurobiology, vol neural metabolism in vivo. Springer, New York, pp 1029-1050
    • (2012) Advances in Neurobiology, Vol Neural Metabolism in Vivo , pp. 1029-1050
    • Schmidt, M.M.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 16
    • 84868107510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of glutathione homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases
    • 23201762 10.3390/nu4101399 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVagsr7K
    • Johnson WM, Wilson-Delfosse AL, Mieyal JJ (2012) Dysregulation of glutathione homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases. Nutrients 4(10):1399-1440
    • (2012) Nutrients , vol.4 , Issue.10 , pp. 1399-1440
    • Johnson, W.M.1    Wilson-Delfosse, A.L.2    Mieyal, J.J.3
  • 17
    • 0030772178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte-mediated enhancement of neuronal survival is abolished by glutathione deficiency
    • DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00790-7, PII S0006899397007907
    • Drukarch B, Schepens E, Jongenelen CA, Stoof JC, Langeveld CH (1997) Astrocyte-mediated enhancement of neuronal survival is abolished by glutathione deficiency. Brain Res 770(1-2):123-130 (Pubitemid 27468059)
    • (1997) Brain Research , vol.770 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 123-130
    • Drukarch, B.1    Schepens, E.2    Jongenelen, C.A.M.3    Stoof, J.C.4    Langeveld, C.H.5
  • 18
    • 13844256359 scopus 로고
    • Heales SJ (2005) Co-culture of neurones with glutathione deficient astrocytes leads to increased neuronal susceptibility to nitric oxide and increased glutamate-cysteine ligase activity
    • Gegg ME, Clark JB (1036) Heales SJ (2005) Co-culture of neurones with glutathione deficient astrocytes leads to increased neuronal susceptibility to nitric oxide and increased glutamate-cysteine ligase activity. Brain Res 1-2:1-6
    • (1036) Brain Res , vol.1-2 , pp. 1-6
    • Gegg, M.E.1    Clark, J.B.2
  • 19
    • 2542453938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport of HIV protease inhibitors through the blood-brain barrier and interactions with the efflux proteins, P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance proteins
    • DOI 10.1097/00126334-200406010-00001
    • Gimenez F, Fernandez C, Mabondzo A (2004) Transport of HIV protease inhibitors through the blood-brain barrier and interactions with the efflux proteins, P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance proteins. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 36(2):649-658 (Pubitemid 38685958)
    • (2004) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 649-658
    • Gimenez, F.1    Fernandez, C.2    Mabondzo, A.3
  • 20
    • 1342344553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Distribution of the HIV Protease Inhibitor, Ritonavir, to the Brain, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Choroid Plexuses of the Guinea Pig
    • DOI 10.1124/jpet.103.060210
    • Anthonypillai C, Sanderson RN, Gibbs JE, Thomas SA (2004) The distribution of the HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, to the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and choroid plexuses of the guinea pig. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 308(3):912-920 (Pubitemid 38263965)
    • (2004) Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , vol.308 , Issue.3 , pp. 912-920
    • Anthonypillai, C.1    Sanderson, R.N.2    Gibbs, J.E.3    Thomas, S.A.4
  • 22
    • 0031751330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ritonavir: Clinical pharmacokinetics and interactions with other anti-HIV agents
    • DOI 10.2165/00003088-199835040-00002
    • Hsu A, Granneman GR, Bertz RJ (1998) Ritonavir. Clinical pharmacokinetics and interactions with other anti-HIV agents. Clin Pharmacokinet 35(4):275-291 (Pubitemid 28491214)
    • (1998) Clinical Pharmacokinetics , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 275-291
    • Hsu, A.1    Granneman, G.R.2    Bertz, R.J.3
  • 23
    • 77954394706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The perivascular astroglial sheath provides a complete covering of the brain microvessels: An electron microscopic 3D reconstruction
    • 20468051 10.1002/glia.20990
    • Mathiisen TM, Lehre KP, Danbolt NC, Ottersen OP (2010) The perivascular astroglial sheath provides a complete covering of the brain microvessels: an electron microscopic 3D reconstruction. Glia 58(9):1094-1103
    • (2010) Glia , vol.58 , Issue.9 , pp. 1094-1103
    • Mathiisen, T.M.1    Lehre, K.P.2    Danbolt, N.C.3    Ottersen, O.P.4
  • 24
    • 83855162737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiretroviral protease inhibitors indinavir and nelfinavir stimulate Mrp1-mediated GSH export from cultured brain astrocytes
    • 22017299 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07544.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsFygtbg%3D
    • Brandmann M, Tulpule K, Schmidt MM, Dringen R (2012) The antiretroviral protease inhibitors indinavir and nelfinavir stimulate Mrp1-mediated GSH export from cultured brain astrocytes. J Neurochem 120(1):78-92
    • (2012) J Neurochem , vol.120 , Issue.1 , pp. 78-92
    • Brandmann, M.1    Tulpule, K.2    Schmidt, M.M.3    Dringen, R.4
  • 25
    • 0021893839 scopus 로고
    • Primary glial cultures as a model for studying hormone action
    • Hamprecht B, Löffler F (1985) Primary glial cultures as a model for studying hormone action. Methods Enzymol 109:341-345 (Pubitemid 15136041)
    • (1985) Methods in Enzymology , vol.VOL. 109 , pp. 341-345
    • Hamprecht, B.1    Loffler, F.2
  • 26
    • 30144440842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance protein 1-mediated export of glutathione and glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes
    • DOI 10.1016/S0076-6879(05)00023-6, PII S0076687905000236, 23, Phase II Conjugation Enzymes and Transport Systems
    • Hirrlinger J, Dringen R (2005) Multidrug resistance protein 1-mediated export of glutathione and glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes. Methods Enzymol 400:395-409 (Pubitemid 43052433)
    • (2005) Methods in Enzymology , vol.400 , pp. 395-409
    • Hirrlinger, J.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 27
    • 0031808935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detoxification of exogenous hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides by cultured astroglial cells assessed by microtiter plate assay
    • DOI 10.1016/S1385-299X(97)00047-0, PII S1385299X97000470
    • Dringen R, Kussmaul L, Hamprecht B (1998) Detoxification of exogenous hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides by cultured astroglial cells assessed by microtiter plate assay. Brain Res Protoc 2(3):223-228 (Pubitemid 28277484)
    • (1998) Brain Research Protocols , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-228
    • Dringen, R.1    Kussmaul, L.2    Hamprecht, B.3
  • 28
    • 77955092432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc prevents the copper-induced damage of cultured astrocytes
    • 20600438 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.06.010 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXptlWmtbw%3D
    • Scheiber IF, Schmidt MM, Dringen R (2010) Zinc prevents the copper-induced damage of cultured astrocytes. Neurochem Int 57(3):314-322
    • (2010) Neurochem Int , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 314-322
    • Scheiber, I.F.1    Schmidt, M.M.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 29
    • 71849104860 scopus 로고
    • Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent
    • 14907713 1:CAS:528:DyaG38XhsVyrsw%3D%3D
    • Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193(1):265-275
    • (1951) J Biol Chem , vol.193 , Issue.1 , pp. 265-275
    • Lowry, O.H.1    Rosebrough, N.J.2    Farr, A.L.3    Randall, R.J.4
  • 30
    • 84857041829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species and glutathione depletion after accumulation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by oligodendroglial cells
    • 10.1007/s11051-011-0585-7 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs1SqtL%2FJ
    • Hohnholt MC, Dringen R (2011) Iron-dependent formation of reactive oxygen species and glutathione depletion after accumulation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by oligodendroglial cells. J Nanopart Res 13(12):6761-6774
    • (2011) J Nanopart Res , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 6761-6774
    • Hohnholt, M.C.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 31
    • 33645304045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multidrug resistance protein 1 (Mrp1), but not Mrp5, mediates export of glutathione and glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes
    • 16539673 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03737.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XksVykt70%3D
    • Minich T, Riemer J, Schulz JB, Wielinga P, Wijnholds J, Dringen R (2006) The multidrug resistance protein 1 (Mrp1), but not Mrp5, mediates export of glutathione and glutathione disulfide from brain astrocytes. J Neurochem 97(2):373-384
    • (2006) J Neurochem , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 373-384
    • Minich, T.1    Riemer, J.2    Schulz, J.B.3    Wielinga, P.4    Wijnholds, J.5    Dringen, R.6
  • 32
    • 0036682171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione release from cultured brain cells: Multidrug resistance protein 1 mediates the release of GSH from rat astroglial cells
    • DOI 10.1002/jnr.10308
    • Hirrlinger J, Schulz JB, Dringen R (2002) Glutathione release from cultured brain cells: multidrug resistance protein 1 mediates the release of GSH from rat astroglial cells. J Neurosci Res 69(3):318-326 (Pubitemid 34809481)
    • (2002) Journal of Neuroscience Research , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 318-326
    • Hirrlinger, J.1    Schulz, J.B.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 33
    • 0031984256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utilization of cysteine and cysteine precursors for the synthesis of glutathione in astroglial cultures: Preference for cystine
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199801)22:1<11::AID-GLIA2>3.0.CO;2-B
    • Kranich O, Dringen R, Sandberg M, Hamprecht B (1998) Utilization of cysteine and cysteine precursors for the synthesis of glutathione in astroglial cultures: preference for cystine. Glia 22(1):11-18 (Pubitemid 28038040)
    • (1998) GLIA , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-18
    • Kranich, O.1    Dringen, R.2    Sandberg, M.3    Hamprecht, B.4
  • 34
    • 79960102819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of cysteine, glutathione and their disulphides in astrocyte culture medium
    • 21436138 10.1093/jb/mvr038 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXosVOntr8%3D
    • Yoshiba-Suzuki S, Sagara J, Bannai S, Makino N (2011) The dynamics of cysteine, glutathione and their disulphides in astrocyte culture medium. J Biochem 150(1):95-102
    • (2011) J Biochem , vol.150 , Issue.1 , pp. 95-102
    • Yoshiba-Suzuki, S.1    Sagara, J.2    Bannai, S.3    Makino, N.4
  • 35
    • 54449083055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of HIV peptidase inhibitors on fonsecaea pedrosoi: Promising compounds to arrest key fungal biological processes and virulence
    • 18852883 10.1371/journal.pone.0003382
    • Palmeira VF, Kneipp LF, Rozental S, Alviano CS, Santos AL (2008) Beneficial effects of HIV peptidase inhibitors on fonsecaea pedrosoi: promising compounds to arrest key fungal biological processes and virulence. PLoS ONE 3(10):e3382
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3 , Issue.10 , pp. 3382
    • Palmeira, V.F.1    Kneipp, L.F.2    Rozental, S.3    Alviano, C.S.4    Santos, A.L.5
  • 36
    • 0042627777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of protease inhibitors and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors on P-glycoprotein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro
    • DOI 10.1097/00126334-200308150-00001
    • Chandler B, Almond L, Ford J, Owen A, Hoggard P, Khoo S, Back D (2003) The effects of protease inhibitors and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors on p-glycoprotein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 33(5):551-556 (Pubitemid 36975841)
    • (2003) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 551-556
    • Chandler, B.1    Almond, L.2    Ford, J.3    Owen, A.4    Hoggard, P.5    Khoo, S.6    Back, D.7
  • 37
    • 62549085553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles and mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor ritonavir and other anti-human immunodeficiency virus drugs in endothelial dysfunction of porcine pulmonary arteries and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells
    • 19218343 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080157 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjs1Whu7s%3D
    • Wang X, Chai H, Lin PH, Yao Q, Chen C (2009) Roles and mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor ritonavir and other anti-human immunodeficiency virus drugs in endothelial dysfunction of porcine pulmonary arteries and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am J Pathol 174(3):771-781
    • (2009) Am J Pathol , vol.174 , Issue.3 , pp. 771-781
    • Wang, X.1    Chai, H.2    Lin, P.H.3    Yao, Q.4    Chen, C.5
  • 38
    • 34447289419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some HIV antiretrovirals increase oxidative stress and alter chemokine, cytokine or adiponectin production in human adipocytes and macrophages
    • Lagathu C, Eustace B, Prot M, Frantz D, Gu Y, Bastard JP, Maachi M, Azoulay S, Briggs M, Caron M, Capeau J (2007) Some HIV antiretrovirals increase oxidative stress and alter chemokine, cytokine or adiponectin production in human adipocytes and macrophages. Antivir Ther 12(4):489-500 (Pubitemid 47041147)
    • (2007) Antiviral Therapy , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 489-500
    • Lagathu, C.1    Eustace, B.2    Prot, M.3    Frantz, D.4    Gu, Y.5    Bastard, J.-P.6    Maachi, M.7    Azoulay, S.8    Briggs, M.9    Caron, M.10    Capeau, J.11
  • 39
    • 33750544319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione peroxidase 1 and a high cellular glutathione concentration are essential for effective organic hydroperoxide detoxification in astrocytes
    • DOI 10.1002/glia.20433
    • Liddell JR, Dringen R, Crack PJ, Robinson SR (2006) Glutathione peroxidase 1 and a high cellular glutathione concentration are essential for effective organic hydroperoxide detoxification in astrocytes. Glia 54(8):873-879 (Pubitemid 44671992)
    • (2006) GLIA , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 873-879
    • Liddell, J.R.1    Dringen, R.2    Crack, P.J.3    Robinson, S.R.4
  • 40
    • 33947217828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc stimulates the production of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits glutathione reductase in astrocytes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.01.022, PII S0891584907000494
    • Bishop GM, Dringen R, Robinson SR (2007) Zinc stimulates the production of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits glutathione reductase in astrocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 42(8):1222-1230 (Pubitemid 46428515)
    • (2007) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1222-1230
    • Bishop, G.M.1    Dringen, R.2    Robinson, S.R.3
  • 41
    • 68949167759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral protease inhibitors potentiate chloroquine antimalarial activity in malaria parasites by regulating intracellular glutathione metabolism
    • 19538959 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.06.008 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVeht7nP
    • He Z, Chen L, You J, Qin L, Chen X (2009) Antiretroviral protease inhibitors potentiate chloroquine antimalarial activity in malaria parasites by regulating intracellular glutathione metabolism. Exp Parasitol 123(2):122-127
    • (2009) Exp Parasitol , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-127
    • He, Z.1    Chen, L.2    You, J.3    Qin, L.4    Chen, X.5
  • 42
    • 80054051097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural antioxidant dihydroxybenzyl alcohol blocks ritonavir-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine pulmonary arteries and human endothelial cells
    • 21873935 10.12659/MSM.881926 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsV2rsb7L
    • Weakley SM, Jiang J, Lu J, Wang X, Lin PH, Yao Q, Chen C (2011) Natural antioxidant dihydroxybenzyl alcohol blocks ritonavir-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine pulmonary arteries and human endothelial cells. Med Sci Monit 17(9):BR235-BR241
    • (2011) Med Sci Monit , vol.17 , Issue.9
    • Weakley, S.M.1    Jiang, J.2    Lu, J.3    Wang, X.4    Lin, P.H.5    Yao, Q.6    Chen, C.7
  • 43
    • 77952327640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of iodoacetamide and iodoacetate on glycolysis and glutathione metabolism of cultured astrocytes
    • 19584905 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXpt1Grs7w%3D
    • Schmidt MM, Dringen R (2009) Differential effects of iodoacetamide and iodoacetate on glycolysis and glutathione metabolism of cultured astrocytes. Front Neuroenergetics 1:1-10
    • (2009) Front Neuroenergetics , vol.1 , pp. 1-10
    • Schmidt, M.M.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 44
    • 77956228055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fumaric acid diesters deprive cultured primary astrocytes rapidly of glutathione
    • 20096739 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.01.006 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFamtLfF
    • Schmidt MM, Dringen R (2010) Fumaric acid diesters deprive cultured primary astrocytes rapidly of glutathione. Neurochem Int 57(4):460-467
    • (2010) Neurochem Int , vol.57 , Issue.4 , pp. 460-467
    • Schmidt, M.M.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 45
    • 79958150830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chlorinated acetates on the glutathione metabolism and on glycolysis of cultured astrocytes
    • 20628842 10.1007/s12640-010-9209-8 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXltVKqsLs%3D
    • Schmidt MM, Rohwedder A, Dringen R (2011) Effects of chlorinated acetates on the glutathione metabolism and on glycolysis of cultured astrocytes. Neurotox Res 19(4):628-637
    • (2011) Neurotox Res , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 628-637
    • Schmidt, M.M.1    Rohwedder, A.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 46
    • 79551643087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formaldehyde stimulates Mrp1-mediated glutathione deprivation of cultured astrocytes
    • 21166805 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07150.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXisFKks7g%3D
    • Tulpule K, Dringen R (2011) Formaldehyde stimulates Mrp1-mediated glutathione deprivation of cultured astrocytes. J Neurochem 116(4):626-635
    • (2011) J Neurochem , vol.116 , Issue.4 , pp. 626-635
    • Tulpule, K.1    Dringen, R.2
  • 47
    • 0037032045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The protease inhibitor ritonavir inhibits the functional activity of the multidrug resistance related-protein 1 (MRP-1)
    • 12218384 10.1097/00002030-200209060-00005 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xmsl2ktLs%3D
    • Olson DP, Scadden DT, D'Aquila RT, De Pasquale MP (2002) The protease inhibitor ritonavir inhibits the functional activity of the multidrug resistance related-protein 1 (MRP-1). AIDS 16(13):1743-1747
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , Issue.13 , pp. 1743-1747
    • Olson, D.P.1    Scadden, D.T.2    D'Aquila, R.T.3    De Pasquale, M.P.4
  • 48
    • 0035831246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of active transport of HIV protease inhibitors in various cell lines and the in vitro blood-brain barrier
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200103090-00007
    • van der Sandt IC, Vos CM, Nabulsi L, Blom-Roosemalen MC, Voorwinden HH, de Boer AG, Breimer DD (2001) Assessment of active transport of HIV protease inhibitors in various cell lines and the in vitro blood-brain barrier. AIDS 15(4):483-491 (Pubitemid 32207568)
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 483-491
    • Van Der Sandt, I.C.J.1    Vos, C.M.P.2    Nabulsi, L.3    Blom-Roosemalen, M.C.M.4    Voorwinden, H.H.5    De Boer, A.G.6    Breimer, D.D.7
  • 49
    • 0035958776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P-glycoprotein and transporter MRP1 reduce HIV protease inhibitor uptake in CD4 cells: Potential for accelerated viral drug resistance?
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200107270-00004
    • Jones K, Bray PG, Khoo SH, Davey RA, Meaden ER, Ward SA, Back DJ (2001) P-Glycoprotein and transporter MRP1 reduce HIV protease inhibitor uptake in CD4 cells: potential for accelerated viral drug resistance? AIDS 15(11):1353-1358 (Pubitemid 32662287)
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 1353-1358
    • Jones, K.1    Bray, P.G.2    Khoo, S.H.3    Davey, R.A.4    Meaden, E.R.5    Ward, S.A.6    Back, D.J.7
  • 50
    • 0035853376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in the intracellular accumulation of HIV protease inhibitors in vitro and the effect of active transport
    • DOI 10.1097/00002030-200104130-00002
    • Jones K, Hoggard PG, Sales SD, Khoo S, Davey R, Back DJ (2001) Differences in the intracellular accumulation of HIV protease inhibitors in vitro and the effect of active transport. AIDS 15(6):675-681 (Pubitemid 32423214)
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 675-681
    • Jones, K.1    Hoggard, P.G.2    Sales, S.D.3    Khoo, S.4    Davey, R.5    Back, D.J.6
  • 51
    • 0345724724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MRP family of drug efflux pumps
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.onc.1206953, Drug Resistance
    • Kruh GD, Belinsky MG (2003) The MRP family of drug efflux pumps. Oncogene 22(47):7537-7552 (Pubitemid 37487175)
    • (2003) Oncogene , vol.22 , Issue.47 , pp. 7537-7552
    • Kruh, G.D.1    Belinsky, M.G.2
  • 52
  • 53
    • 0030678131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the multidrug resistance protein (MRP) functions as a co- transporter of glutathione and natural product toxins
    • Rappa G, Lorico A, Flavell RA, Sartorelli AC (1997) Evidence that the multidrug resistance protein (MRP) functions as a co-transporter of glutathione and natural produce toxins. Cancer Res 57(23):5232-5237 (Pubitemid 27516354)
    • (1997) Cancer Research , vol.57 , Issue.23 , pp. 5232-5237
    • Rappa, G.1    Lorico, A.2    Flavell, R.A.3    Sartorelli, A.C.4
  • 54
    • 33746890907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione peroxidase 1 and glutathione are required to protect mouse astrocytes from iron-mediated hydrogen peroxide toxicity
    • DOI 10.1002/jnr.20957
    • Liddell JR, Hoepken HH, Crack PJ, Robinson SR, Dringen R (2006) Glutathione peroxidase 1 and glutathione are required to protect mouse astrocytes from iron-mediated hydrogen peroxide toxicity. J Neurosci Res 84(3):578-586 (Pubitemid 44196698)
    • (2006) Journal of Neuroscience Research , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 578-586
    • Liddell, J.R.1    Hoepken, H.H.2    Crack, P.J.3    Robinson, S.R.4    Dringen, R.5
  • 55
    • 38149046468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione in the nervous system: Roles in neural function and health and implications for neurological disease
    • S.S. Oja A. Shousboe Saransaari (eds) Springer Heidelberg
    • Janáky R, Cruz-Aguado R, Oja SS, Shaw CA (2007) Glutathione in the nervous system: roles in neural function and health and implications for neurological disease. In: Oja SS, Shousboe A, Saransaari P (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry, vol Amino Acids and Peptides in the Nervous System. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 347-399
    • (2007) Handbook of Neurochemistry, Vol Amino Acids and Peptides in the Nervous System , pp. 347-399
    • Janáky, R.1    Cruz-Aguado, R.2    Oja, S.S.3    Shaw, C.A.4
  • 58
    • 84155171089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive dysfunction in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era
    • 22156897 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834ef586 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs1Gls7bP
    • Mothobi NZ, Brew BJ (2012) Neurocognitive dysfunction in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Curr Opin Infect Dis 25(1):4-9
    • (2012) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-9
    • Mothobi, N.Z.1    Brew, B.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.