메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 220-234

Effects of traditional, blended and e-learning on students' achievement in higher education

Author keywords

Achievement; Blended learning; E learning; Higher education; Islamic studies

Indexed keywords


EID: 84875859579     PISSN: 02664909     EISSN: 13652729     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2729.2012.00490.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (201)

References (80)
  • 3
    • 33745784178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study on students' views on blended learning environment
    • Retrieved from
    • Akkoyunlu, B. & Soylu, M. Y. (2006) A study on students' views on blended learning environment. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7, 43-56. Retrieved from http://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde23/pdf/article_3.pdf
    • (2006) Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education , vol.7 , pp. 43-56
    • Akkoyunlu, B.1    Soylu, M.Y.2
  • 5
    • 84875846258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of using the internet on students' achievement and recall in a course of descriptive statistics
    • Al-Far, A. A. (2002) The effect of using the internet on students' achievement and recall in a course of descriptive statistics. Journal of Mathematics Education, 5, 1-64.
    • (2002) Journal of Mathematics Education , vol.5 , pp. 1-64
    • Al-Far, A.A.1
  • 6
    • 84875837560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of using the internet in the teaching of geometry and conversion courses on students' achievement at teachers' college in Madinah (Unpublished dissertation). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • Al-Hogali, M. A. (2006) The effectiveness of using the internet in the teaching of geometry and conversion courses on students' achievement at teachers' college in Madinah (Unpublished dissertation). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2006)
    • Al-Hogali, M.A.1
  • 8
    • 84875823536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of using internet in the teaching of geometry and converts course on the achievement of Bisha teachers' college students (Unpublished master's thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • Al-Sahrani, M. B. (2002) The effect of using internet in the teaching of geometry and converts course on the achievement of Bisha teachers' college students (Unpublished master's thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2002)
    • Al-Sahrani, M.B.1
  • 10
    • 84875854348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a blended learning strategy in teaching vocabulary on premedical students' achievement, satisfaction and attitude toward English language (Unpublished master's thesis). Arabian Gulf University, Saudi Arabia.
    • Alshwiah, A. A. S. (2009) The effects of a blended learning strategy in teaching vocabulary on premedical students' achievement, satisfaction and attitude toward English language (Unpublished master's thesis). Arabian Gulf University, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2009)
    • Alshwiah, A.A.S.1
  • 11
    • 84875863587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of the use of the worldwide web on the achievement of the learners of the syllabus of educational technologies at the Teacher's Training College in Riyadh (Unpublished master's thesis). King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
    • Al-Zahrani, A. (2002) The effects of the use of the worldwide web on the achievement of the learners of the syllabus of educational technologies at the Teacher's Training College in Riyadh (Unpublished master's thesis). King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2002)
    • Al-Zahrani, A.1
  • 12
    • 84875834880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing and implementing interactive computer software for educational technology course to measure its impact on the academic achievement of teacher college's students at Albaha zone (Unpublished dissertation). University of Umm Al-Qura, Saudi Arabia.
    • Al-Zahrani, A. J. (2008) Designing and implementing interactive computer software for educational technology course to measure its impact on the academic achievement of teacher college's students at Albaha zone (Unpublished dissertation). University of Umm Al-Qura, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2008)
    • Al-Zahrani, A.J.1
  • 13
    • 84875848936 scopus 로고
    • Practical significance and the size of the sample in educational research
    • Asyad, A. A. (1988) Practical significance and the size of the sample in educational research. Conference of Educational Research the Present and Future, 2, 197-233.
    • (1988) Conference of Educational Research the Present and Future , vol.2 , pp. 197-233
    • Asyad, A.A.1
  • 14
    • 84875826217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brick, Click, or brick and click: A comparative study on the effectiveness of content delivery modalities for working adults (Unpublished dissertation). Touro University, Nevada, USA.
    • Banks, L. V. (2004) Brick, Click, or brick and click: A comparative study on the effectiveness of content delivery modalities for working adults (Unpublished dissertation). Touro University, Nevada, USA.
    • (2004)
    • Banks, L.V.1
  • 15
    • 84875847694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case study evaluation of three teaching modalities in physician assistant education: traditional lecture, workbook and videotape, and asynchronous learning network (Unpublished master's thesis). California University, United States.
    • Barakzai, M. D. (2003) Case study evaluation of three teaching modalities in physician assistant education: traditional lecture, workbook and videotape, and asynchronous learning network (Unpublished master's thesis). California University, United States.
    • (2003)
    • Barakzai, M.D.1
  • 18
    • 58449100501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of interactive, computerized educational modules on preclinical medical education
    • Bryner, B. S., Saddawi-Konefka, D. & Gest, T. R. (2008) The impact of interactive, computerized educational modules on preclinical medical education. Anatomical Sciences Education, 1, 247-251.
    • (2008) Anatomical Sciences Education , vol.1 , pp. 247-251
    • Bryner, B.S.1    Saddawi-Konefka, D.2    Gest, T.R.3
  • 21
    • 33749353372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues arising from the use of effect sizes in analyzing and reporting research
    • I. Schagen & K. Elliot (Eds.), Slough, UK: National Foundation for Educational Research.
    • Coe, R. (2004) Issues arising from the use of effect sizes in analyzing and reporting research. In I. Schagen & K. Elliot (Eds.), But what does it mean? The use of effect size in educational research (pp. 80-100). Slough, UK: National Foundation for Educational Research.
    • (2004) But what does it mean? The use of effect size in educational research , pp. 80-100
    • Coe, R.1
  • 23
    • 0348237020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing web, correspondence and lecture versions of a second-year non-major biology course
    • Collins, M. (2000) Comparing web, correspondence and lecture versions of a second-year non-major biology course. British Journal of Educational Technology, 31, 21-27.
    • (2000) British Journal of Educational Technology , vol.31 , pp. 21-27
    • Collins, M.1
  • 24
    • 0001920101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of motivation in web-based instruction
    • B. H. Khan (Ed.), Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications Inc.
    • Cornell, R. & Martin, B. L. (1997) The role of motivation in web-based instruction. In B. H. Khan (Ed.), Web-based instruction (pp. 93-100). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications Inc.
    • (1997) Web-based instruction , pp. 93-100
    • Cornell, R.1    Martin, B.L.2
  • 27
    • 51749123782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The systematic design of instruction: Origins of systematically designed instruction
    • P. Donald & P. Tjeerd (Eds.), Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
    • Dick, W. & Carey, L. (2001) The systematic design of instruction: Origins of systematically designed instruction. In P. Donald & P. Tjeerd (Eds.), Classic writings on instructional technology (pp. 71-75). Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
    • (2001) Classic writings on instructional technology , pp. 71-75
    • Dick, W.1    Carey, L.2
  • 28
    • 37949056649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experience on students' participation in blended vs. online style of learning
    • Dodero, J. M., Fernández, C. & Sanz, D. (2003) An experience on students' participation in blended vs. online style of learning. Inroads ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, 35, 39-42.
    • (2003) Inroads ACM SIGCSE Bulletin , vol.35 , pp. 39-42
    • Dodero, J.M.1    Fernández, C.2    Sanz, D.3
  • 30
    • 48549098769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a blended e-learning cooperative approach in an Egyptian teacher education programme
    • El-Deghaidy, H. & Nouby, A. (2008) Effectiveness of a blended e-learning cooperative approach in an Egyptian teacher education programme. Computers & Education, 51, 988-1006.
    • (2008) Computers & Education , vol.51 , pp. 988-1006
    • El-Deghaidy, H.1    Nouby, A.2
  • 31
    • 33847354228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of interactive lecturing for students with diverse science backgrounds
    • Ernst, H. & Colthorpe, K. (2007) The efficacy of interactive lecturing for students with diverse science backgrounds. Advances in Physiology Education, 31, 41-44.
    • (2007) Advances in Physiology Education , vol.31 , pp. 41-44
    • Ernst, H.1    Colthorpe, K.2
  • 32
    • 4544238842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to hybrid courses
    • Retrieved from
    • Garnham, C. & Kaleta, R. (2002) Introduction to hybrid courses. Teaching with Technology Today, 8, 6. Retrieved from http://www.uwsa.edu/ttt/articles/garnham.htm
    • (2002) Teaching with Technology Today , vol.8 , pp. 6
    • Garnham, C.1    Kaleta, R.2
  • 33
    • 0034201753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student test scores are improved in a virtual learning environment
    • Goldberg, H. R. & McKhann, G. M. (2000) Student test scores are improved in a virtual learning environment. Advances in Physiology Education, 23, 54-66.
    • (2000) Advances in Physiology Education , vol.23 , pp. 54-66
    • Goldberg, H.R.1    McKhann, G.M.2
  • 34
    • 84875849988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid classes: Maximizing institutional resources and student learning
    • Proceedings of the 2003 ASCUE conference, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.
    • Gould, T. (2003) Hybrid classes: Maximizing institutional resources and student learning. Proceedings of the 2003 ASCUE conference, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.
    • (2003)
    • Gould, T.1
  • 35
    • 84875825754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Students' attitude and achievement in an online graduate statistics course (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Cincinnati, United States, Ohio.
    • Gunnarsson, G. L. (2001) Students' attitude and achievement in an online graduate statistics course (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Cincinnati, United States, Ohio.
    • (2001)
    • Gunnarsson, G.L.1
  • 37
    • 47649085292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faculty best practices using blended learning in e-learning and face-to-face instruction
    • Gutierrez, F. M. (2006) Faculty best practices using blended learning in e-learning and face-to-face instruction. International Journal on E-Learning, 5, 313-337.
    • (2006) International Journal on E-Learning , vol.5 , pp. 313-337
    • Gutierrez, F.M.1
  • 39
    • 84857523259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective e-learning integration with traditional learning in a blended learning environment
    • European and Mediterranean Conference on Information System, Dubai, UAE.
    • Hameed, S., Badii, A. & Cullen, A. J. (2008) Effective e-learning integration with traditional learning in a blended learning environment. European and Mediterranean Conference on Information System, Dubai, UAE.
    • (2008)
    • Hameed, S.1    Badii, A.2    Cullen, A.J.3
  • 41
    • 84875830081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrastructure for the use of ICT in education, and distance education
    • A working paper submitted to the regional symposium on the recruitment of information and communication technologies in education, and distance education, Damascus, Syria.
    • Ismail, F. (2003) Infrastructure for the use of ICT in education, and distance education. A working paper submitted to the regional symposium on the recruitment of information and communication technologies in education, and distance education, Damascus, Syria.
    • (2003)
    • Ismail, F.1
  • 43
    • 0007064360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of learner satisfaction and learning outcomes in online and face to face learning environment
    • Johnson, S. D., Aragon, S. R., Shalk, N. & Palma-Rivas, N. (2000) Comparative analysis of learner satisfaction and learning outcomes in online and face to face learning environment. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 11, 29-49.
    • (2000) Journal of Interactive Learning Research , vol.11 , pp. 29-49
    • Johnson, S.D.1    Aragon, S.R.2    Shalk, N.3    Palma-Rivas, N.4
  • 44
    • 85071114321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing constructivist learning environments
    • C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • Jonassen, D. H. (1999) Designing constructivist learning environments. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory (Vol. II, pp. 215-239). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (1999) Instructional design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory , vol.2 , pp. 215-239
    • Jonassen, D.H.1
  • 45
    • 0036769659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-learning in Hong Kong: Comparing learning outcomes in online multimedia and lecture versions of an introductory computing course
    • Kekkonen-Moneta, S. & Moneta, G. B. (2002) E-learning in Hong Kong: Comparing learning outcomes in online multimedia and lecture versions of an introductory computing course. British Journal of Educational Technology, 33, 423-433.
    • (2002) British Journal of Educational Technology , vol.33 , pp. 423-433
    • Kekkonen-Moneta, S.1    Moneta, G.B.2
  • 46
    • 77955553667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the ways in which design features of educational websites impact upon student learning outcomes in blended learning environments
    • doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.015
    • Kembera, D., McNaught, C., Chonga, F., Lamb, P. & Cheng, K. (2010) Understanding the ways in which design features of educational websites impact upon student learning outcomes in blended learning environments. Computers & Education, 55, 1183-1192. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.015
    • (2010) Computers & Education , vol.55 , pp. 1183-1192
    • Kembera, D.1    McNaught, C.2    Chonga, F.3    Lamb, P.4    Cheng, K.5
  • 47
    • 84875850796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic statistics via the internet. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association Bowling Green, KY.
    • Kennedy, R. L. & McCallister, C. J. (2000) Basic statistics via the internet. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association Bowling Green, KY.
    • (2000)
    • Kennedy, R.L.1    McCallister, C.J.2
  • 49
    • 0037250878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-learning: New opportunities in continuing professional development
    • Klein, D. & Ware, M. (2003) E-learning: New opportunities in continuing professional development. Learned Publishing, 16, 34-46.
    • (2003) Learned Publishing , vol.16 , pp. 34-46
    • Klein, D.1    Ware, M.2
  • 50
    • 23844438547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived differences between classroom and distance education: Seeking instructional strategies for learning application
    • Lim, D. H. (2002) Perceived differences between classroom and distance education: Seeking instructional strategies for learning application. International Journal of Educational Technology, 3, 20-32.
    • (2002) International Journal of Educational Technology , vol.3 , pp. 20-32
    • Lim, D.H.1
  • 51
    • 68949191998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online vs. blended learning: Differences in instructional outcomes and learner satisfaction
    • Lim, D. H., Morris, M. L. & Kupritz, V. W. (2007) Online vs. blended learning: Differences in instructional outcomes and learner satisfaction. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 10, 27-42.
    • (2007) Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks , vol.10 , pp. 27-42
    • Lim, D.H.1    Morris, M.L.2    Kupritz, V.W.3
  • 52
    • 80053332873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Team learning and collaboration between online and blended learner groups
    • Lim, D. H. & Yoon, S. W. (2008) Team learning and collaboration between online and blended learner groups. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 21, 59-72.
    • (2008) Performance Improvement Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 59-72
    • Lim, D.H.1    Yoon, S.W.2
  • 54
    • 3042523225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Book review: E-learning strategies for delivering knowledge in the digital age
    • Marc, J. R. (2002) Book review: E-learning strategies for delivering knowledge in the digital age. Internet and Higher Education, 5, 185-188.
    • (2002) Internet and Higher Education , vol.5 , pp. 185-188
    • Marc, J.R.1
  • 55
    • 0038575380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes, motivation and second language learning: A meta-analysis of studies conducted by Gardner and associates
    • Z. Dörnyei (Ed.), Oxford, England: Blackwell.
    • Masgoret, A.-M. & Gardner, R. C. (2003) Attitudes, motivation and second language learning: A meta-analysis of studies conducted by Gardner and associates. In Z. Dörnyei (Ed.) Attitudes, orientations, and motivations in language learning (pp. 167-210). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
    • (2003) Attitudes, orientations, and motivations in language learning , pp. 167-210
    • Masgoret, A.-M.1    Gardner, R.C.2
  • 57
    • 40749106562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid lecture online format increases student grads in an undergraduate exercise physiology course at a large urban university
    • McFarlin, B. K. (2008) Hybrid lecture online format increases student grads in an undergraduate exercise physiology course at a large urban university. Advances in Physiology Education, 32, 86-91.
    • (2008) Advances in Physiology Education , vol.32 , pp. 86-91
    • McFarlin, B.K.1
  • 59
    • 0040581126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing communities of learners for asynchronous distance education
    • Moller, L. (1998) Designing communities of learners for asynchronous distance education. Educational Technology, Research and Development, 46, 115-122.
    • (1998) Educational Technology, Research and Development , vol.46 , pp. 115-122
    • Moller, L.1
  • 60
    • 79952037613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same?
    • Moore, J. L., Dickson-Deane, C. & Galyen, K. (2011) E-learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same? The Internet and Higher Education, 14, 129-135.
    • (2011) The Internet and Higher Education , vol.14 , pp. 129-135
    • Moore, J.L.1    Dickson-Deane, C.2    Galyen, K.3
  • 61
    • 84875857809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case study of student learning outcomes based on the implementation of a blended course format in introductory Spanish (Unpublished dissertation). University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA.
    • O'Leary, M. B. (2008) A case study of student learning outcomes based on the implementation of a blended course format in introductory Spanish (Unpublished dissertation). University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA.
    • (2008)
    • O'Leary, M.B.1
  • 65
    • 79957645252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research
    • doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2010.12.001
    • Richardson, J. T. E. (2011) Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research. Educational Research Review, 6, 135-147. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2010.12.001
    • (2011) Educational Research Review , vol.6 , pp. 135-147
    • Richardson, J.T.E.1
  • 66
    • 84875820567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic planning in the design of an educational web site
    • Ruffini, M. (2000) Systematic planning in the design of an educational web site. Educational Technology, 40, 58-64.
    • (2000) Educational Technology , vol.40 , pp. 58-64
    • Ruffini, M.1
  • 67
    • 84875862627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online and in the classroom: The numbers and what they might mean. Paper presented at the League for Innovation in the Community College Innovations Conference, Boston, MA.
    • Ryan, W. J. (2002) Online and in the classroom: The numbers and what they might mean. Paper presented at the League for Innovation in the Community College Innovations Conference, Boston, MA.
    • (2002)
    • Ryan, W.J.1
  • 68
    • 84875865152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of using the internet on the achievement of Jerusalem Open University students in the use of computer in education course
    • Salamh, A. M. J. (2005) The effectiveness of using the internet on the achievement of Jerusalem Open University students in the use of computer in education course. Journal of Educational and Sciences, 3, 1-26.
    • (2005) Journal of Educational and Sciences , vol.3 , pp. 1-26
    • Salamh, A.M.J.1
  • 69
    • 41549116491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hybrid courses and their impact on student and classroom performance: A case study at the University of Virginia
    • Scida, E. E. & Saury, R. E. (2006) Hybrid courses and their impact on student and classroom performance: A case study at the University of Virginia. Calico Journal, 23, 517-531.
    • (2006) Calico Journal , vol.23 , pp. 517-531
    • Scida, E.E.1    Saury, R.E.2
  • 71
    • 23844455285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-synthesis of factors related to educational achievement: A methodological approach to summarizing and synthesizing meta-analyses
    • Sipe, T. & Curlette, W. L. (1997) A meta-synthesis of factors related to educational achievement: A methodological approach to summarizing and synthesizing meta-analyses. International Journal of Educational Research, 25, 583-698.
    • (1997) International Journal of Educational Research , vol.25 , pp. 583-698
    • Sipe, T.1    Curlette, W.L.2
  • 72
    • 1242281066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new methodology for evaluation: The pedagogical rating of online courses
    • Sonwalkar, N. (2002) A new methodology for evaluation: The pedagogical rating of online courses. Syllabus, 15, 18-21.
    • (2002) Syllabus , vol.15 , pp. 18-21
    • Sonwalkar, N.1
  • 73
    • 22544461354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blending problem-based learning with web technology positively impacts student learning outcomes in acid-base physiology
    • Taradi, S., Taradi, M., Radic, K. & Pokrajac, N. (2005) Blending problem-based learning with web technology positively impacts student learning outcomes in acid-base physiology. Advances in Physiology Education, 29, 35-39.
    • (2005) Advances in Physiology Education , vol.29 , pp. 35-39
    • Taradi, S.1    Taradi, M.2    Radic, K.3    Pokrajac, N.4
  • 77
    • 2942740935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study comparing traditional and hybrid internet-based instruction in introductory statistics classes
    • Retrieved from
    • Utts, J., Sommer, B., Acredolo, C., Maher, M. W. & Matthews, H. R. (2003) A study comparing traditional and hybrid internet-based instruction in introductory statistics classes. Journal of Statistics Education, 11, 3. Retrieved from http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v11n3/utts.html
    • (2003) Journal of Statistics Education , vol.11 , pp. 3
    • Utts, J.1    Sommer, B.2    Acredolo, C.3    Maher, M.W.4    Matthews, H.R.5
  • 78
    • 56049127333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why people benefit from e-learning differently: The effects of psychological processes on e-learning outcomes
    • Wan, Z., Wang, Y. & Haggerty, N. (2008) Why people benefit from e-learning differently: The effects of psychological processes on e-learning outcomes. Information & Management, 45, 513-521.
    • (2008) Information & Management , vol.45 , pp. 513-521
    • Wan, Z.1    Wang, Y.2    Haggerty, N.3
  • 79
    • 84875821569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic learning to face challenges of Saudi higher education in the light of the requests of technology age (Unpublished master's thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • Yamani, H. (2006) Electronic learning to face challenges of Saudi higher education in the light of the requests of technology age (Unpublished master's thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
    • (2006)
    • Yamani, H.1
  • 80
    • 32944479235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating generalizability to a universe of indicators that all have an attribute in common: A comparison of estimators
    • Zinbarg, R., Yovel, I., Revelle, W. & McDonald, R. (2006) Estimating generalizability to a universe of indicators that all have an attribute in common: A comparison of estimators. Applied Psychological Measurement, 30, 121-144.
    • (2006) Applied Psychological Measurement , vol.30 , pp. 121-144
    • Zinbarg, R.1    Yovel, I.2    Revelle, W.3    McDonald, R.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.