메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue , 2013, Pages 24-37

How does the brain deal with cumulative stress? A review with focus on developmental stress, HPA axis function and hippocampal structure in humans

Author keywords

CAR; Childhood maltreatment; Cortisol; Dexamethasone suppression test; DST; Hippocampus; Major depressive disorder; MRI

Indexed keywords

GLUCOCORTICOID;

EID: 84873523115     PISSN: 09699961     EISSN: 1095953X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.03.012     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (418)

References (118)
  • 3
    • 77952539722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of maternal childhood abuse on maternal and infant HPA axis function in the postpartum period
    • Brand S.R., Brennan P.A., Newport D.J., Smith A.K., Weiss T., Stowe Z.N. The impact of maternal childhood abuse on maternal and infant HPA axis function in the postpartum period. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010, 35:686-693.
    • (2010) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.35 , pp. 686-693
    • Brand, S.R.1    Brennan, P.A.2    Newport, D.J.3    Smith, A.K.4    Weiss, T.5    Stowe, Z.N.6
  • 4
    • 0031024960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse-a preliminary report
    • Bremner J.D., Randall P., Vermetten E., Staib L., Bronen R.A., Mazure C., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse-a preliminary report. Biol. Psychiatry 1997, 41:23-32.
    • (1997) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 23-32
    • Bremner, J.D.1    Randall, P.2    Vermetten, E.3    Staib, L.4    Bronen, R.A.5    Mazure, C.6
  • 5
    • 0142072090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis over a 24-hour diurnal period and in response to neuroendocrine challenges in women with and without childhood sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Bremner J.D., Vythilingam M., Anderson G., Vermetten E., McGlashan T., Heninger G., et al. Assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis over a 24-hour diurnal period and in response to neuroendocrine challenges in women with and without childhood sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2003, 54:710-718.
    • (2003) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 710-718
    • Bremner, J.D.1    Vythilingam, M.2    Anderson, G.3    Vermetten, E.4    McGlashan, T.5    Heninger, G.6
  • 6
    • 67349239395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A blunted cortisol awakening response and hippocampal atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Bruehl H., Wolf O.T., Convit A. A blunted cortisol awakening response and hippocampal atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:815-821.
    • (2009) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.34 , pp. 815-821
    • Bruehl, H.1    Wolf, O.T.2    Convit, A.3
  • 7
    • 67649421600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modifiers of cognitive function and brain structure in middle-aged and elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Bruehl H., Wolf O.T., Sweat V., Tirsi A., Richardson S., Convit A. Modifiers of cognitive function and brain structure in middle-aged and elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Brain Res. 2009, 1280:186-194.
    • (2009) Brain Res. , vol.1280 , pp. 186-194
    • Bruehl, H.1    Wolf, O.T.2    Sweat, V.3    Tirsi, A.4    Richardson, S.5    Convit, A.6
  • 8
    • 33847793444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal care modulates the relationship between prenatal risk and hippocampal volume in women but not in men
    • Buss C., Lord C., Wadiwalla M., Hellhammer D.H., Lupien S.J., Meaney M.J., et al. Maternal care modulates the relationship between prenatal risk and hippocampal volume in women but not in men. J. Neurosci. 2007, 27:2592-2595.
    • (2007) J. Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 2592-2595
    • Buss, C.1    Lord, C.2    Wadiwalla, M.3    Hellhammer, D.H.4    Lupien, S.J.5    Meaney, M.J.6
  • 9
    • 11344249233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the hippocampus in the pathophysiology of major depression
    • Campbell S., Macqueen G. The role of the hippocampus in the pathophysiology of major depression. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2004, 29:417-426.
    • (2004) J. Psychiatry Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 417-426
    • Campbell, S.1    Macqueen, G.2
  • 10
    • 1842481232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower hippocampal volume in patients suffering from depression: a meta-analysis
    • Campbell S., Marriott M., Nahmias C., MacQueen G.M. Lower hippocampal volume in patients suffering from depression: a meta-analysis. Am. J. Psychiatry 2004, 161:598-607.
    • (2004) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 598-607
    • Campbell, S.1    Marriott, M.2    Nahmias, C.3    MacQueen, G.M.4
  • 13
    • 35648954167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol responses to stress in healthy adults reporting significant childhood maltreatment
    • Carpenter L.L., Carvalho J.P., Tyrka A.R., Wier L.M., Mello A.F., Mello M.F., et al. Decreased adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol responses to stress in healthy adults reporting significant childhood maltreatment. Biol. Psychiatry 2007, 62:1080-1087.
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 1080-1087
    • Carpenter, L.L.1    Carvalho, J.P.2    Tyrka, A.R.3    Wier, L.M.4    Mello, A.F.5    Mello, M.F.6
  • 15
    • 33947132080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress predicts brain changes in children: a pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus
    • Carrion V.G., Weems C.F., Reiss A.L. Stress predicts brain changes in children: a pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus. Pediatrics 2007, 119:509-516.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , pp. 509-516
    • Carrion, V.G.1    Weems, C.F.2    Reiss, A.L.3
  • 16
    • 77649224747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased hippocampal volume in healthy girls at risk of depression
    • Chen M.C., Hamilton J.P., Gotlib I.H. Decreased hippocampal volume in healthy girls at risk of depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2010, 67:270-276.
    • (2010) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 270-276
    • Chen, M.C.1    Hamilton, J.P.2    Gotlib, I.H.3
  • 17
    • 58149305484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary evidence for white matter tract abnormalities in young adults exposed to parental verbal abuse
    • Choi J., Jeong B., Rohan M., Polcari A., Teicher M. Preliminary evidence for white matter tract abnormalities in young adults exposed to parental verbal abuse. Biol. Psychiatry 2009, 65:227-234.
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 227-234
    • Choi, J.1    Jeong, B.2    Rohan, M.3    Polcari, A.4    Teicher, M.5
  • 18
    • 76749132849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential impacts of early physical and sexual abuse and internalizing problems on daytime cortisol rhythm in school-aged children
    • Cicchetti D., Rogosch F.A., Gunnar M.R., Toth S.L. The differential impacts of early physical and sexual abuse and internalizing problems on daytime cortisol rhythm in school-aged children. Child Dev. 2010, 81:252-269.
    • (2010) Child Dev. , vol.81 , pp. 252-269
    • Cicchetti, D.1    Rogosch, F.A.2    Gunnar, M.R.3    Toth, S.L.4
  • 19
    • 70449334130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms in major depression
    • Claes S. Glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms in major depression. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2009, 1179:216-228.
    • (2009) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1179 , pp. 216-228
    • Claes, S.1
  • 20
    • 33646481796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life stress and morphometry of the adult anterior cingulate cortex and caudate nuclei
    • Cohen R.A., Grieve S., Hoth K.F., Paul R.H., Sweet L., Tate D., et al. Early life stress and morphometry of the adult anterior cingulate cortex and caudate nuclei. Biol. Psychiatry 2006, 59:975-982.
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 975-982
    • Cohen, R.A.1    Grieve, S.2    Hoth, K.F.3    Paul, R.H.4    Sweet, L.5    Tate, D.6
  • 24
    • 0035881823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot longitudinal study of hippocampal volumes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • De Bellis M.D., Hall J., Boring A.M., Frustaci K., Moritz G. A pilot longitudinal study of hippocampal volumes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2001, 50:305-309.
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 305-309
    • De Bellis, M.D.1    Hall, J.2    Boring, A.M.3    Frustaci, K.4    Moritz, G.5
  • 25
    • 77952980481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic, maltreatment, and neurobiological correlates of PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents
    • De Bellis M.D., Hooper S.R., Woolley D.P., Shenk C.E. Demographic, maltreatment, and neurobiological correlates of PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents. J. Pediatr. Psychol. 2010, 35:570-577.
    • (2010) J. Pediatr. Psychol. , vol.35 , pp. 570-577
    • De Bellis, M.D.1    Hooper, S.R.2    Woolley, D.P.3    Shenk, C.E.4
  • 26
  • 27
    • 77957923164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol awakening response and hippocampal volume: vulnerability for major depressive disorder?
    • Dedovic K., Engert V., Duchesne A., Lue S.D., Andrews J., Efanov S.I., et al. Cortisol awakening response and hippocampal volume: vulnerability for major depressive disorder?. Biol. Psychiatry 2010, 68:847-853.
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 847-853
    • Dedovic, K.1    Engert, V.2    Duchesne, A.3    Lue, S.D.4    Andrews, J.5    Efanov, S.I.6
  • 28
    • 0036325686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of depression: the concept of synaptic plasticity
    • Duman R.S. Pathophysiology of depression: the concept of synaptic plasticity. Eur. Psychiatry 2002, 17(Suppl. 3):306-310.
    • (2002) Eur. Psychiatry , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 306-310
    • Duman, R.S.1
  • 30
    • 33745295338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal brain connectivity in children after early severe socioemotional deprivation: a diffusion tensor imaging study
    • Eluvathingal T.J., Chugani H.T., Behen M.E., Juhasz C., Muzik O., Maqbool M., et al. Abnormal brain connectivity in children after early severe socioemotional deprivation: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Pediatrics 2006, 117:2093.
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , pp. 2093
    • Eluvathingal, T.J.1    Chugani, H.T.2    Behen, M.E.3    Juhasz, C.4    Muzik, O.5    Maqbool, M.6
  • 31
    • 79451469455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal depression effects on early development: a review
    • Field T. Prenatal depression effects on early development: a review. Infant Behav. Dev. 2011, 34:1-14.
    • (2011) Infant Behav. Dev. , vol.34 , pp. 1-14
    • Field, T.1
  • 32
    • 34247868826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of therapeutic interventions for foster children on behavioral problems, caregiver attachment, and stress regulatory neural systems
    • Fisher P.A., Gunnar M.R., Dozier M., Bruce J., Pears K.C. Effects of therapeutic interventions for foster children on behavioral problems, caregiver attachment, and stress regulatory neural systems. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2006, 1094:215-225.
    • (2006) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1094 , pp. 215-225
    • Fisher, P.A.1    Gunnar, M.R.2    Dozier, M.3    Bruce, J.4    Pears, K.C.5
  • 34
    • 2442503466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal and amygdala changes in patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls during a 1-year follow-up
    • Frodl T., Meisenzahl E.M., Zetzsche T., Hohne T., Banac S., Schorr C., et al. Hippocampal and amygdala changes in patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls during a 1-year follow-up. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2004, 65:492-499.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 492-499
    • Frodl, T.1    Meisenzahl, E.M.2    Zetzsche, T.3    Hohne, T.4    Banac, S.5    Schorr, C.6
  • 36
    • 77956172590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of childhood stress with hippocampus and prefrontal cortex volume reduction in major depression
    • Frodl T., Reinhold E., Koutsouleris N., Reiser M., Meisenzahl E.M. Interaction of childhood stress with hippocampus and prefrontal cortex volume reduction in major depression. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2010, 44:799-807.
    • (2010) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.44 , pp. 799-807
    • Frodl, T.1    Reinhold, E.2    Koutsouleris, N.3    Reiser, M.4    Meisenzahl, E.M.5
  • 37
    • 84873525626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BDNF Val66Met genotype modulates the effect of childhood adversity on subgenual anterior cingulate cortex volume in healthy subjects
    • in press
    • Gerritsen, L., Tendolkar, I., Franke, B., Vasquez, A.A., Kooijman, S., Buitelaar, J., et al., in press. BDNF Val66Met genotype modulates the effect of childhood adversity on subgenual anterior cingulate cortex volume in healthy subjects. Mol. Psychiatry.
    • Mol. Psychiatry
    • Gerritsen, L.1    Tendolkar, I.2    Franke, B.3    Vasquez, A.A.4    Kooijman, S.5    Buitelaar, J.6
  • 39
    • 77956178243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaller cornu ammonis 2-3/dentate gyrus volumes and elevated cortisol in multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms
    • Gold S.M., Kern K.C., O'Connor M.F., Montag M.J., Kim A., Yoo Y.S., et al. Smaller cornu ammonis 2-3/dentate gyrus volumes and elevated cortisol in multiple sclerosis patients with depressive symptoms. Biol. Psychiatry 2010, 68:553-559.
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 553-559
    • Gold, S.M.1    Kern, K.C.2    O'Connor, M.F.3    Montag, M.J.4    Kim, A.5    Yoo, Y.S.6
  • 40
    • 20444401509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of hippocampal volume differences in survivors of the Nazi Holocaust with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Golier J.A., Yehuda R., De Santi S., Segal S., Dolan S., de Leon M.J. Absence of hippocampal volume differences in survivors of the Nazi Holocaust with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2005, 139:53-64.
    • (2005) Psychiatry Res. , vol.139 , pp. 53-64
    • Golier, J.A.1    Yehuda, R.2    De Santi, S.3    Segal, S.4    Dolan, S.5    de Leon, M.J.6
  • 41
    • 57649183931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between early life adversity, cortisol awakening response and diurnal salivary cortisol levels in postpartum women
    • Gonzalez A., Jenkins J.M., Steiner M., Fleming A.S. The relation between early life adversity, cortisol awakening response and diurnal salivary cortisol levels in postpartum women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:76-86.
    • (2009) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.34 , pp. 76-86
    • Gonzalez, A.1    Jenkins, J.M.2    Steiner, M.3    Fleming, A.S.4
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0035875146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies
    • Heim C., Nemeroff C.B. The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. Biol. Psychiatry 2001, 49(12):1023-1039.
    • (2001) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.49 , Issue.12 , pp. 1023-1039
    • Heim, C.1    Nemeroff, C.B.2
  • 45
    • 77952887928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of childhood trauma on adult depression and neuroendocrine function: sex-specific moderation by CRH receptor 1 gene
    • Heim C., Bradley B., Mletzko T.C., Deveau T.C., Musselman D.L., Nemeroff C.B., et al. Effect of childhood trauma on adult depression and neuroendocrine function: sex-specific moderation by CRH receptor 1 gene. Front Behav. Neurosci. 2009, 3:41.
    • (2009) Front Behav. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 41
    • Heim, C.1    Bradley, B.2    Mletzko, T.C.3    Deveau, T.C.4    Musselman, D.L.5    Nemeroff, C.B.6
  • 46
    • 0033797445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression
    • Holsboer F. The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000, 23:477-501.
    • (2000) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.23 , pp. 477-501
    • Holsboer, F.1
  • 47
    • 65649152524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis
    • Howren M.B., Lamkin D.M., Suls J. Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis. Psychosom. Med. 2009, 71:171-186.
    • (2009) Psychosom. Med. , vol.71 , pp. 171-186
    • Howren, M.B.1    Lamkin, D.M.2    Suls, J.3
  • 48
    • 34250206674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined dexamethasone/corticotropin releasing hormone test predicts treatment response in major depression - a potential biomarker?
    • Ising M., Horstmann S., Kloiber S., Lucae S., Binder E.B., Kern N., et al. Combined dexamethasone/corticotropin releasing hormone test predicts treatment response in major depression - a potential biomarker?. Biol. Psychiatry 2007, 62:47-54.
    • (2007) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 47-54
    • Ising, M.1    Horstmann, S.2    Kloiber, S.3    Lucae, S.4    Binder, E.B.5    Kern, N.6
  • 49
    • 64149089834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prednisolone suppression test in depression: prospective study of the role of HPA axis dysfunction in treatment resistance
    • Juruena M.F., Pariante C.M., Papadopoulos A.S., Poon L., Lightman S., Cleare A.J. Prednisolone suppression test in depression: prospective study of the role of HPA axis dysfunction in treatment resistance. Br. J. Psychiatry 2009, 194:342-349.
    • (2009) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.194 , pp. 342-349
    • Juruena, M.F.1    Pariante, C.M.2    Papadopoulos, A.S.3    Poon, L.4    Lightman, S.5    Cleare, A.J.6
  • 50
    • 77955919761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition
    • Juster R.P., McEwen B.S., Lupien S.J. Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2010, 35:2-16.
    • (2010) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.35 , pp. 2-16
    • Juster, R.P.1    McEwen, B.S.2    Lupien, S.J.3
  • 51
    • 77950811955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampus, glucocorticoids and neurocognitive functions in patients with first-episode major depressive disorders
    • Kaymak S.U., Demir B., Senturk S., Tatar I., Aldur M.M., Ulug B. Hippocampus, glucocorticoids and neurocognitive functions in patients with first-episode major depressive disorders. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2010, 260:217-223.
    • (2010) Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.260 , pp. 217-223
    • Kaymak, S.U.1    Demir, B.2    Senturk, S.3    Tatar, I.4    Aldur, M.M.5    Ulug, B.6
  • 52
    • 0030450928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of psychiatric and psychological aspects of Cushing's syndrome
    • Kelly W.F., Kelly M.J., Faragher B. A prospective study of psychiatric and psychological aspects of Cushing's syndrome. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 1996, 45:715-720.
    • (1996) Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) , vol.45 , pp. 715-720
    • Kelly, W.F.1    Kelly, M.J.2    Faragher, B.3
  • 53
    • 77955521684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived quality of maternal care in childhood and structure and function of mothers' brain
    • Kim P., Leckman J.F., Mayes L.C., Newman M.A., Feldman R., Swain J.E. Perceived quality of maternal care in childhood and structure and function of mothers' brain. Dev. Sci. 2010, 13:662-673.
    • (2010) Dev. Sci. , vol.13 , pp. 662-673
    • Kim, P.1    Leckman, J.F.2    Mayes, L.C.3    Newman, M.A.4    Feldman, R.5    Swain, J.E.6
  • 54
    • 77952888119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity and hippocampal volumes: the SMART-Medea study
    • Knoops A.J., Gerritsen L., van der Graaf Y., Mali W.P., Geerlings M.I. Basal hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity and hippocampal volumes: the SMART-Medea study. Biol. Psychiatry 2010, 67:1191-1198.
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 1191-1198
    • Knoops, A.J.1    Gerritsen, L.2    van der Graaf, Y.3    Mali, W.P.4    Geerlings, M.I.5
  • 56
    • 80051667330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotype predicts increased risk of hospital admission for depressive disorders in the Helsinki birth cohort study
    • Lahti J., Raikkonen K., Bruce S., Heinonen K., Pesonen A.K., Rautanen A., et al. Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotype predicts increased risk of hospital admission for depressive disorders in the Helsinki birth cohort study. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2011, 45:1160-1164.
    • (2011) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 1160-1164
    • Lahti, J.1    Raikkonen, K.2    Bruce, S.3    Heinonen, K.4    Pesonen, A.K.5    Rautanen, A.6
  • 57
    • 79952752988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A subtle grey-matter increase in first-episode, drug-naive major depressive disorder with panic disorder after 6 weeks' duloxetine therapy
    • Lai C.H., Hsu Y.Y. A subtle grey-matter increase in first-episode, drug-naive major depressive disorder with panic disorder after 6 weeks' duloxetine therapy. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011, 14:225-235.
    • (2011) Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. , vol.14 , pp. 225-235
    • Lai, C.H.1    Hsu, Y.Y.2
  • 58
    • 30944437204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol, learning, memory, and attention in relation to smaller hippocampal volume in police officers with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Lindauer R.J., Olff M., van Meijel E.P., Carlier I.V., Gersons B.P. Cortisol, learning, memory, and attention in relation to smaller hippocampal volume in police officers with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2006, 59:171-177.
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 171-177
    • Lindauer, R.J.1    Olff, M.2    van Meijel, E.P.3    Carlier, I.V.4    Gersons, B.P.5
  • 61
    • 80052164630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Larger amygdala but no change in hippocampal volume in 10-year-old children exposed to maternal depressive symptomatology since birth
    • Lupien S.J., Parent S., Evans A.C., Tremblay R.E., Zelazo P.D., Corbo V., et al. Larger amygdala but no change in hippocampal volume in 10-year-old children exposed to maternal depressive symptomatology since birth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2011, 108:14324-14329.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.108 , pp. 14324-14329
    • Lupien, S.J.1    Parent, S.2    Evans, A.C.3    Tremblay, R.E.4    Zelazo, P.D.5    Corbo, V.6
  • 62
    • 33646058608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaller left anterior cingulate cortex volumes are associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation in healthy elderly men
    • MacLullich A.M., Ferguson K.J., Wardlaw J.M., Starr J.M., Deary I.J., Seckl J.R. Smaller left anterior cingulate cortex volumes are associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation in healthy elderly men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006, 91:1591-1594.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.91 , pp. 1591-1594
    • MacLullich, A.M.1    Ferguson, K.J.2    Wardlaw, J.M.3    Starr, J.M.4    Deary, I.J.5    Seckl, J.R.6
  • 63
    • 79951810657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hippocampus in major depression: evidence for the convergence of the bench and bedside in psychiatric research?
    • MacQueen G., Frodl T. The hippocampus in major depression: evidence for the convergence of the bench and bedside in psychiatric research?. Mol. Psychiatry 2011, 16:252-264.
    • (2011) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 252-264
    • MacQueen, G.1    Frodl, T.2
  • 64
    • 70749118330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo quantification of hippocampal subfields using 4.7 T fast spin echo imaging
    • Malykhin N.V., Lebel R.M., Coupland N.J., Wilman A.H., Carter R. In vivo quantification of hippocampal subfields using 4.7 T fast spin echo imaging. Neuroimage 2010, 49:1224-1230.
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 1224-1230
    • Malykhin, N.V.1    Lebel, R.M.2    Coupland, N.J.3    Wilman, A.H.4    Carter, R.5
  • 65
    • 77953959186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, genetics and epigenetic effects on the neurobiology of suicidal behavior and depression
    • Mann J.J., Currier D.M. Stress, genetics and epigenetic effects on the neurobiology of suicidal behavior and depression. Eur. Psychiatry 2010, 25:268-271.
    • (2010) Eur. Psychiatry , vol.25 , pp. 268-271
    • Mann, J.J.1    Currier, D.M.2
  • 66
    • 0032518022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators
    • McEwen B.S. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998, 338:171-179.
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.338 , pp. 171-179
    • McEwen, B.S.1
  • 67
    • 0035103864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and hippocampal plasticity: implications for the pathophysiology of affective disorders
    • McEwen B.S., Magarinos A.M. Stress and hippocampal plasticity: implications for the pathophysiology of affective disorders. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2001, 16:S7-S19.
    • (2001) Hum. Psychopharmacol. , vol.16
    • McEwen, B.S.1    Magarinos, A.M.2
  • 68
    • 60749105468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse
    • McGowan P.O., Sasaki A., D'Alessio A.C., Dymov S., Labonte B., Szyf M., et al. Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse. Nat. Neurosci. 2009, 12:342-348.
    • (2009) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 342-348
    • McGowan, P.O.1    Sasaki, A.2    D'Alessio, A.C.3    Dymov, S.4    Labonte, B.5    Szyf, M.6
  • 70
    • 61949248898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis examining clinical predictors of hippocampal volume in patients with major depressive disorder
    • McKinnon M.C., Yucel K., Nazarov A., MacQueen G.M. A meta-analysis examining clinical predictors of hippocampal volume in patients with major depressive disorder. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2009, 34:41-54.
    • (2009) J. Psychiatry Neurosci. , vol.34 , pp. 41-54
    • McKinnon, M.C.1    Yucel, K.2    Nazarov, A.3    MacQueen, G.M.4
  • 72
    • 71549152526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways from the ventral hippocampus and caudal amygdala to forebrain regions that regulate sensorimotor gating in the rat
    • Miller E.J., Saint Marie L.R., Breier M.R., Swerdlow N.R. Pathways from the ventral hippocampus and caudal amygdala to forebrain regions that regulate sensorimotor gating in the rat. Neuroscience 2010, 165:601-611.
    • (2010) Neuroscience , vol.165 , pp. 601-611
    • Miller, E.J.1    Saint Marie, L.R.2    Breier, M.R.3    Swerdlow, N.R.4
  • 73
    • 0031885081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal response pattern in the combined DEX-CRH test is stable over time in subjects at high familial risk for affective disorders
    • Modell S., Lauer C., Schreiber W., Huber J., Krieg J., Holsboer F. Hormonal response pattern in the combined DEX-CRH test is stable over time in subjects at high familial risk for affective disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 1998, 18:253-262.
    • (1998) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.18 , pp. 253-262
    • Modell, S.1    Lauer, C.2    Schreiber, W.3    Huber, J.4    Krieg, J.5    Holsboer, F.6
  • 74
    • 77952669764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher cortisol levels are associated with smaller left hippocampal volume in first-episode psychosis
    • Mondelli V., Pariante C.M., Navari S., Aas M., D'Albenzio A., Di Forti M., et al. Higher cortisol levels are associated with smaller left hippocampal volume in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr. Res. 2010, 119:75-78.
    • (2010) Schizophr. Res. , vol.119 , pp. 75-78
    • Mondelli, V.1    Pariante, C.M.2    Navari, S.3    Aas, M.4    D'Albenzio, A.5    Di Forti, M.6
  • 75
    • 84855674802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies shows altered fractional anisotropy occurring in distinct brain areas in association with depression
    • Murphy M.L., Frodl T. Meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies shows altered fractional anisotropy occurring in distinct brain areas in association with depression. Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. 2011, 1:1-12.
    • (2011) Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord. , vol.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Murphy, M.L.1    Frodl, T.2
  • 76
    • 84857582541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis
    • Nanni V., Uher R., Danese A. Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis. Am. J. Psychiatry 2012, 169:141-151.
    • (2012) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.169 , pp. 141-151
    • Nanni, V.1    Uher, R.2    Danese, A.3
  • 77
    • 29044451028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures after vagus nerve stimulation therapy in chronic depression
    • O'Keane V., Dinan T.G., Scott L., Corcoran C. Changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures after vagus nerve stimulation therapy in chronic depression. Biol. Psychiatry 2005, 58:963-968.
    • (2005) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 963-968
    • O'Keane, V.1    Dinan, T.G.2    Scott, L.3    Corcoran, C.4
  • 78
    • 79957664125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food anticipation and subsequent food withdrawal increase serum cortisol in healthy men
    • Ott V., Friedrich M., Prilop S., Lehnert H., Jauch-Chara K., Born J., et al. Food anticipation and subsequent food withdrawal increase serum cortisol in healthy men. Physiol. Behav. 2011, 103:594-599.
    • (2011) Physiol. Behav. , vol.103 , pp. 594-599
    • Ott, V.1    Friedrich, M.2    Prilop, S.3    Lehnert, H.4    Jauch-Chara, K.5    Born, J.6
  • 79
    • 70449376943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Relevance to major depression
    • Pace T.W., Miller A.H. Cytokines and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Relevance to major depression. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2009, 1179:86-105.
    • (2009) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1179 , pp. 86-105
    • Pace, T.W.1    Miller, A.H.2
  • 80
    • 50549092885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HPA axis in major depression: classical theories and new developments
    • Pariante C.M., Lightman S.L. The HPA axis in major depression: classical theories and new developments. Trends Neurosci. 2008, 31:464-468.
    • (2008) Trends Neurosci. , vol.31 , pp. 464-468
    • Pariante, C.M.1    Lightman, S.L.2
  • 81
    • 79955521223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination between patients with melancholic depression and healthy controls: comparison between 24-h cortisol profiles, the DST and the Dex/CRH test
    • Paslakis G., Krumm B., Gilles M., Schweiger U., Heuser I., Richter I., et al. Discrimination between patients with melancholic depression and healthy controls: comparison between 24-h cortisol profiles, the DST and the Dex/CRH test. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011, 36:691-698.
    • (2011) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.36 , pp. 691-698
    • Paslakis, G.1    Krumm, B.2    Gilles, M.3    Schweiger, U.4    Heuser, I.5    Richter, I.6
  • 82
    • 41549115870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between early life stress and microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum in a non-clinical population
    • Paul R., Henry L., Grieve S., Guilmette T., Niaura R., Bryant R., et al. The relationship between early life stress and microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum in a non-clinical population. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 2008, 4:193.
    • (2008) Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. , vol.4 , pp. 193
    • Paul, R.1    Henry, L.2    Grieve, S.3    Guilmette, T.4    Niaura, R.5    Bryant, R.6
  • 83
    • 1442323893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal volume and memory performance in a community-based sample of women with posttraumatic stress disorder secondary to child abuse
    • Pederson C.L., Maurer S.H., Kaminski P.L., Zander K.A., Peters C.M., Stokes-Crowe L.A., et al. Hippocampal volume and memory performance in a community-based sample of women with posttraumatic stress disorder secondary to child abuse. J. Trauma. Stress 2004, 17:37-40.
    • (2004) J. Trauma. Stress , vol.17 , pp. 37-40
    • Pederson, C.L.1    Maurer, S.H.2    Kaminski, P.L.3    Zander, K.A.4    Peters, C.M.5    Stokes-Crowe, L.A.6
  • 84
    • 28244439863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood
    • Pruessner J.C., Baldwin M.W., Dedovic K., Renwick R., Mahani N.K., Lord C., et al. Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. Neuroimage 2005, 28:815-826.
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.28 , pp. 815-826
    • Pruessner, J.C.1    Baldwin, M.W.2    Dedovic, K.3    Renwick, R.4    Mahani, N.K.5    Lord, C.6
  • 85
    • 34147117963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The associations among hippocampal volume, cortisol reactivity, and memory performance in healthy young men
    • Pruessner M., Pruessner J.C., Hellhammer D.H., Bruce Pike G., Lupien S.J. The associations among hippocampal volume, cortisol reactivity, and memory performance in healthy young men. Psychiatry Res. 2007, 155:1-10.
    • (2007) Psychiatry Res. , vol.155 , pp. 1-10
    • Pruessner, M.1    Pruessner, J.C.2    Hellhammer, D.H.3    Bruce Pike, G.4    Lupien, S.J.5
  • 86
    • 74749105155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal changes associated with early-life adversity and vulnerability to depression
    • Rao U., Chen L.A., Bidesi A.S., Shad M.U., Thomas M.A., Hammen C.L. Hippocampal changes associated with early-life adversity and vulnerability to depression. Biol. Psychiatry 2010, 67:357-364.
    • (2010) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 357-364
    • Rao, U.1    Chen, L.A.2    Bidesi, A.S.3    Shad, M.U.4    Thomas, M.A.5    Hammen, C.L.6
  • 88
    • 0042528720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants
    • Santarelli L., Saxe M., Gross C., Surget A., Battaglia F., Dulawa S., et al. Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants. Science 2003, 301(5634):805-809.
    • (2003) Science , vol.301 , Issue.5634 , pp. 805-809
    • Santarelli, L.1    Saxe, M.2    Gross, C.3    Surget, A.4    Battaglia, F.5    Dulawa, S.6
  • 89
    • 0035033799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrophy of the hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder: how and when?
    • Sapolsky R.M. Atrophy of the hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder: how and when?. Hippocampus 2001, 11:90-91.
    • (2001) Hippocampus , vol.11 , pp. 90-91
    • Sapolsky, R.M.1
  • 90
    • 0022763667 scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis
    • Sapolsky R.M., Krey L.C., McEwen B.S. The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. Endocr. Rev. 1986, 7:284-301.
    • (1986) Endocr. Rev. , vol.7 , pp. 284-301
    • Sapolsky, R.M.1    Krey, L.C.2    McEwen, B.S.3
  • 91
    • 74749107414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do social disadvantage and early family adversity affect the diurnal cortisol rhythm in infants? The Generation R Study
    • Saridjan N.S., Huizink A.C., Koetsier J.A., Jaddoe V.W., Mackenbach J.P., Hofman A., et al. Do social disadvantage and early family adversity affect the diurnal cortisol rhythm in infants? The Generation R Study. Horm. Behav. 2010, 57:247-254.
    • (2010) Horm. Behav. , vol.57 , pp. 247-254
    • Saridjan, N.S.1    Huizink, A.C.2    Koetsier, J.A.3    Jaddoe, V.W.4    Mackenbach, J.P.5    Hofman, A.6
  • 92
    • 77149146771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The combined dexamethasone/CRH Test (DEX/CRH test) and prediction of acute treatment response in major depression
    • Schule C., Baghai T.C., Eser D., Hafner S., Born C., Herrmann S., et al. The combined dexamethasone/CRH Test (DEX/CRH test) and prediction of acute treatment response in major depression. PLoS One 2009, 4:e4324.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4
    • Schule, C.1    Baghai, T.C.2    Eser, D.3    Hafner, S.4    Born, C.5    Herrmann, S.6
  • 93
    • 70349728374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in affective disorders
    • Sexton C., Mackay C., Ebmeier K. A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in affective disorders. Biol. Psychiatry 2009, 66:814-823.
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 814-823
    • Sexton, C.1    Mackay, C.2    Ebmeier, K.3
  • 96
    • 34249804533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotrophin releasing hormone and the timing of birth
    • Smith R., Nicholson R.C. Corticotrophin releasing hormone and the timing of birth. Front. Biosci. 2007, 12:912-918.
    • (2007) Front. Biosci. , vol.12 , pp. 912-918
    • Smith, R.1    Nicholson, R.C.2
  • 98
    • 79951514630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activation: a quantitative summary of four decades of research
    • Stetler C., Miller G.E. Depression and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activation: a quantitative summary of four decades of research. Psychosom. Med. 2011, 73:114-126.
    • (2011) Psychosom. Med. , vol.73 , pp. 114-126
    • Stetler, C.1    Miller, G.E.2
  • 99
    • 81155125114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in systemic immune diseases - a role for misguided energy regulation
    • Straub R.H., Buttgereit F., Cutolo M. Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in systemic immune diseases - a role for misguided energy regulation. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2011, 29:S23-S31.
    • (2011) Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. , vol.29
    • Straub, R.H.1    Buttgereit, F.2    Cutolo, M.3
  • 100
    • 35448947438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation of cortisol levels with hippocampus volumes under baseline and challenge conditions
    • Tessner K.D., Walker E.F., Dhruv S.H., Hochman K., Hamann S. The relation of cortisol levels with hippocampus volumes under baseline and challenge conditions. Brain Res. 2007, 1179:70-78.
    • (2007) Brain Res. , vol.1179 , pp. 70-78
    • Tessner, K.D.1    Walker, E.F.2    Dhruv, S.H.3    Hochman, K.4    Hamann, S.5
  • 101
    • 78650801756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to parental verbal abuse is associated with increased gray matter volume in superior temporal gyrus
    • Tomoda A., Sheu Y.S., Rabi K., Suzuki H., Navalta C.P., Polcari A., et al. Exposure to parental verbal abuse is associated with increased gray matter volume in superior temporal gyrus. Neuroimage 2010, 54(Suppl 1):S280-S286.
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.54 , Issue.SUPPL 1
    • Tomoda, A.1    Sheu, Y.S.2    Rabi, K.3    Suzuki, H.4    Navalta, C.P.5    Polcari, A.6
  • 103
    • 33645357786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained hippocampal chromatin regulation in a mouse model of depression and antidepressant action
    • Tsankova N., Berton O., Renthal W., Kumar A., Neve R., Nestler E. Sustained hippocampal chromatin regulation in a mouse model of depression and antidepressant action. Nat. Neurosci. 2006, 9:519-525.
    • (2006) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 519-525
    • Tsankova, N.1    Berton, O.2    Renthal, W.3    Kumar, A.4    Neve, R.5    Nestler, E.6
  • 104
    • 33644628085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmented hippocampal volume in children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder
    • Tupler L.A., De Bellis M.D. Segmented hippocampal volume in children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2006, 59:523-529.
    • (2006) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 523-529
    • Tupler, L.A.1    De Bellis, M.D.2
  • 106
    • 69949091530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of childhood maltreatment with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene: effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity
    • Tyrka A.R., Price L.H., Gelernter J., Schepker C., Anderson G.M., Carpenter L.L. Interaction of childhood maltreatment with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene: effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity. Biol. Psychiatry 2009, 66:681-685.
    • (2009) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 681-685
    • Tyrka, A.R.1    Price, L.H.2    Gelernter, J.3    Schepker, C.4    Anderson, G.M.5    Carpenter, L.L.6
  • 107
  • 109
    • 7444255996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal volume and depression: a meta-analysis of MRI studies
    • Videbech P., Ravnkilde B. Hippocampal volume and depression: a meta-analysis of MRI studies. Am. J. Psychiatry 2004, 161:1957-1966.
    • (2004) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 1957-1966
    • Videbech, P.1    Ravnkilde, B.2
  • 110
  • 112
    • 0036895697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood trauma associated with smaller hippocampal volume in women with major depression
    • Vythilingam M., Heim C., Newport J., Miller A.H., Anderson E., Bronen R., et al. Childhood trauma associated with smaller hippocampal volume in women with major depression. Am. J. Psychiatry 2002, 159:2072-2080.
    • (2002) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 2072-2080
    • Vythilingam, M.1    Heim, C.2    Newport, J.3    Miller, A.H.4    Anderson, E.5    Bronen, R.6
  • 115
    • 51649083833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders
    • Weniger G., Lange C., Sachsse U., Irle E. Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2008, 118:281-290.
    • (2008) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , vol.118 , pp. 281-290
    • Weniger, G.1    Lange, C.2    Sachsse, U.3    Irle, E.4
  • 117
    • 0036238366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and corticotropin feedback in young and older men: relationships to magnetic resonance imaging-derived hippocampus and cingulate gyrus volumes
    • Wolf O.T., Convit A., de Leon M.J., Caraos C., Qadri S.F. Basal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and corticotropin feedback in young and older men: relationships to magnetic resonance imaging-derived hippocampus and cingulate gyrus volumes. Neuroendocrinology 2002, 75:241-249.
    • (2002) Neuroendocrinology , vol.75 , pp. 241-249
    • Wolf, O.T.1    Convit, A.2    de Leon, M.J.3    Caraos, C.4    Qadri, S.F.5
  • 118
    • 0032784243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of chronic administration of hydrocortisone on cognitive function in normal male volunteers
    • Young A.H., Sahakian B.J., Robbins T.W., Cowen P.J. The effects of chronic administration of hydrocortisone on cognitive function in normal male volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1999, 145:260-266.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.145 , pp. 260-266
    • Young, A.H.1    Sahakian, B.J.2    Robbins, T.W.3    Cowen, P.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.