The differential impacts of early physical and sexual abuse and internalizing problems on daytime cortisol rhythm in school-aged children

Child Development

Volumn 81, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 252-269

  Cicchetti, Dante ^a   Rogosch, Fred A ^b   Gunnar, Megan R ^a   Toth, Sheree L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROL; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; METABOLISM; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RISK FACTOR; SALIVA; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; TIME; VICTIM;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADULT; ANXIETY; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD ABUSE, SEXUAL; CHILD BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; CRIME VICTIMS; CRITICAL PERIOD (PSYCHOLOGY); DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; INTERNAL-EXTERNAL CONTROL; MALE; RISK FACTORS; SALIVA; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 76749132849     PISSN: 00093920     EISSN: 14678624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01393.x     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Achenbach T M. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile 1991, Burlington, University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry
2. Adam E K. Transactions among adolescent trait and state emotion and diurnal and momentary cortisol activity in naturalistic settings. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006, 31:664-679.
3. Barnett D, Manly J T, Cicchetti D. Defining child maltreatment: The interface between policy and research. Child abuse, child development, and social policy 1993, 7-74. Cicchetti D, Toth S L, In, Eds, pp, Norwood, NJ, Ablex
4. Barr C S, Newman T K, Shannon C, Parker C, Dvoskin R L, Becker M L. Rearing condition and rh5-HTTLPR interact to influence limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis response to stress in infant macaques. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 55:733-738.
5. Bemporad J R, Romano S J. Childhood maltreatment and adult depression: A review of research. Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology: Vol. 4. Developmental perspectives on depression 1992, 351-376. Cicchetti D, Toth S L. In, Eds, pp, Rochester, NY, University of Rochester Press
6. Bolger K E, Patterson C J, Kupersmidt J B. Peer relationships and self-esteem among children who have been maltreated. Child Development 1998, 69:1171-1197.
7. Bradley R G, Binder E B, Epstein M P, Tang Y, Nair H P, Liu W. Influence of child abuse on adult depression: Moderation by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene. Archives of General Psychiatry 2008, 65:190-200.
8. Bruce J, Fisher P A, Pears K C, Levine S. Morning cortisol levels in preschool-aged foster children: Differential effects of maltreatment type. Developmental Psychobiology
9. Carrion V G, Weems C F, Ray R D, Glaser B, Hessl D, Reiss A L. Diurnal salivary cortisol in pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2002, 51:575-582.
10. Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt T E, Taylor A, Craig I W, Harrington H L. Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 2003, 301:386-389.
11. Charney D. Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability: Implications for successful adaptation to extreme stress. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004, 161:195-216.
12. Cicchetti D, Barnett D. Toward the development of a scientific nosology of child maltreatment. Thinking clearly about psychology: Essays in honor of Paul E. Meehl: Personality and psychopathology 1991, 346-377. Grove W, Cicchetti D. In, Eds, Vol. 2, pp, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press
13. A multi-level approach to resilience [Special issue]. Development and Psychopathology 2007, 19(3). Cicchetti DCurtis W J. Eds
14. Cicchetti D, Manly J T. A personal perspective on conducting research with maltreating families: Problems and solutions. Methods of family research: Families at risk 1990, 87-133. Brody G, Sigel I. In, Eds, Vol. 2, pp, Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum
15. Cicchetti D, Rizley R. Developmental perspectives on the etiology, intergenerational transmission and sequelae of child maltreatment. New Directions for Child Development 1981, 11:31-55.
16. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F A. Equifinality and multifinality in developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology 1996, 8:597-600.
17. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F A. Diverse patterns of neuroendocrine activity in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:677-694.
18. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F A. The impact of child maltreatment and psychopathology upon neuroendocrine functioning. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:783-804.
19. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F A, Sturge-Apple M L. Interactions of child maltreatment and 5-HTT and monoamine oxidase A polymorphisms: Depressive symptomatology among adolescents from low-socioeconomic status backgrounds. Development and Psychopathology 2007, 19:1161-1180.
20. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F A, Toth S L. Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology 2006, 18:623-650.
21. Cicchetti D, Toth S L, Manly J T. Maternal Maltreatment Classification Interview 2003, Unpublished manuscript, Mt. Hope Family Center, Rochester, NY
22. Cicchetti D, Valentino K. An ecological transactional perspective on child maltreatment: Failure of the average expectable environment and its influence upon child development. Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 3. Risk, disorder, and adaptation 2006, 129-201. Cicchetti D, Cohen D J. In, Eds, 2nd ed., pp, New York, Wiley
23. Cicchetti D, Walker E F. Stress and development: Biological and psychological consequences. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:413-418.
24. Curtis W J, Cicchetti D. Moving research on resilience into the 21st century: Theoretical and methodological considerations in examining the biological contributors to resilience. Development and Psychopathology 2003, 15:773-810.
25. Dahl R, Ryan N. The psychobiology of adolescent depression. Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology: Vol. 7. Adolescence: Opportunities and challenges 1996, 197-232. Cicchetti D, Toth S L. In, Eds, pp, Rochester, NY, University of Rochester Press
26. DeBellis M D, Baum A S, Birmaher B, Keshavan M S, Eccard C H, Boring A M. Developmental traumatology Part I: Biological stress systems. Biological Psychiatry 1999, 45:1259-1270.
27. DeSantis A S, Adam E K, Doane L D, Mineka S, Zinbarg R E, Craske M G. Racial/ethnic differences in cortisol diurnal rhythms in a community sample of adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health 2007, 41:3-13.
28. English D J, Upadhyaya M P, Litrownik A J, Marshall J M, Runyan D K, Graham J C. Maltreatment's wake: The relationship of maltreatment dimensions to child outcomes. Child Abuse & Neglect 2005, 29:597-619.
29. Feder A, Coplan J D, Goetz R R, Pine D S, Dahl R E, Ryan N D. Twenty-four-hour cortisol secretion in prepubertal children with anxiety or depressive disorders. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 56:198-204.
30. Fenoglio K A, Brunson K L, Baram T Z. Hippocampal neuroplasticity induced by early-life stress: Functional and molecular aspects. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 2006, 27:180-192.
31. Fisher P A, Stoolmiller M, Gunnar M R. Effects of a therapeutic intervention for foster preschoolers on daytime cortisol activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007, 32:892-905.
32. Gibb B E, Wheeler R, Alloy L B, Abramson L Y. Emotional, physical, and sexual maltreatment in childhood versus adolescence and personality dysfunction in young adulthood. Journal of Personality Disorders 2001, 15:505-511.
33. Gunnar M R. Integrating neuroscience and psychological approaches in the study of early experiences. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2003, 1008:238-247.
34. Gunnar M R, Fisher P A. Bringing basic research on early experience and stress neurobiology to bear on preventive interventions for neglected and maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology 2006, 18:651-677.
35. Gunnar M R, Quevedo K. The neurobiology of stress and development. Annual Review of Psychology 2007, 58:145-173.
36. Gunnar M R, Vazquez D. Low cortisol and a flattening of expected daytime rhythm: Potential indices of risk in human development. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:515-538.
37. Gunnar M R, Vazquez D. Stress, neurobiology and developmental psychopathology. Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 2. Developmental neuroscience 2006, 533-577. Cicchetti D, Cohen D J. In, Eds, 2nd ed., pp, New York, Wiley
38. Gunnar M R, Wewerka S, Frenn K, Long J D, Griggs C. Developmental changes in HPA activity over the transition to adolescence: Normative changes and associations with puberty. Development and Psychopathology 2009, 21:69-85.
39. Hart J, Gunnar M, Cicchetti D. Altered neuroendocrine activity in maltreated children related to symptoms of depression. Development and Psychopathology 1996, 8:201-214.
40. Heim C, Nemeroff C B. The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: Preclinical and clinical studies. Biological Psychiatry 2001, 49:1023-1039.
41. Heim C, Newport D J, Bonsall R, Miller A H, Nemeroff C B. Altered pituitary-adrenal axis responses to provocative challenge tests in adult survivors of childhood abuse: The role of comorbid depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001, 158:575-581.
42. Heim C, Newport D J, Mletzko T, Miller A H, Nemeroff C B. The link between childhood trauma and depression: Insights from HPA axis studies in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008, 33:693-710.
43. Heim C, Owen M J, Plotsky P M, Nemeroff C B. Persistent changes in corticotrophin-releasing factor systems due to early life stress: Relationship to the pathophysiology of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 1997, 33:185-192.
44. Heim C, Plotsky P M, Nemeroff C B. Importance of studying the contributions of early adverse experience to neurobiological findings in depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:641-648.
45. Holsboer F. The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000, 23:477-501.
46. Kaplow J B, Dodge K A, Amaya-Jackson L, Saxe G N. Pathways to PTSD, part II: Sexually abused children. American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:1305-1310.
47. Kaplow J B, Widom C S. Age of onset of child maltreatment predicts long-term mental health outcomes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2007, 116:176-187.
48. Kaufman J. Depressive disorders in maltreated children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 1991, 30:257-265.
49. Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Perel J, Dahl R E, Moreci P, Nelson B. The corticotropic-releasing hormone challenge in depressed abused, depressed nonabused, and normal control children. Biological Psychiatry 1997, 42:669-679.
50. Kaufman J, Cook A, Amy L, Jones B, Pittinksy T. Problems defining resiliency: Illustrations from the study of maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology 1994, 6:215-229.
51. Kaufman J, Yang B, Douglas-Palumberi H, Houshyar S, Lipschitz D, Krystal J. Social supports and serotonin transporter gene moderate depression in maltreated children. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 2004, 101:17316-17321.
52. Keiley M K, Howe T R, Dodge K A, Bates J E, Pettit G S. The timing of child physical maltreatment: A cross-domain growth analysis of impact on adolescent externalizing and internalizing problems. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:891-912.
53. Kim J, Cicchetti D. Longitudinal trajectories of self-system and depressive symptoms among maltreated and nonmaltreated children. Child Development 2006, 77:624-639.
54. Kovacs M. The Children's Depression Inventory: A self-rated depression scale for school-aged youngsters 1982, Unpublished manuscript, Pittsburgh, PA, University of Pittsburgh
55. Kovacs M. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) 2004, Toronto, Canada, Multi-Health Systems
56. Levine S. Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005, 30:939-946.
57. Maestripieri D. The biology of human parenting: Insights from nonhuman primates. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 1999, 23:411-422.
58. Makino S, Gold P W, Schulkin J. Corticosterone effects on corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the central nucleus of the amygdala and the parvocellular region of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Brain Research 1994, 640:105-112.
59. Manly J T, Cicchetti D, Barnett D. The impact of subtype, frequency, chronicity, and severity of child maltreatment on social competence and behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology 1994, 6:121-143.
60. Manly J T, Kim J E, Rogosch F A, Cicchetti D. Dimensions of child maltreatment and children's adjustment: Contributions of developmental timing and subtype. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:759-782.
61. McEwen B. Allostasis and allostatic load: Implications for neuropsychopharmacology. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000, 22:108-124.
62. McEwen B. Mood disorders and allostatic load. Biological Psychiatry 2003, 54:200-207.
63. McEwen B, Stellar E. Stress and the individual mechanisms leading to disease. Archives of Internal Medicine 1993, 153:2093-2101.
64. Meaney M J, Szyf M. Environmental programming of stress responses through DNA methylation: Life at the interface between a dynamic environment and a fixed genome. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2005, 7:103-123.
65. Miller G E, Chen E, Zhou E S. If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:25-45.
66. Pears K, Fisher P A. Developmental, cognitive, and neuropsychological functioning in preschool-aged foster children: Associations with prior maltreatment and placement history. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 2005, 26:112-122.
67. Pollak S D, Cicchetti D, Klorman R. Stress, memory, and emotion: Developmental considerations from the study of child maltreatment. Development and Psychopathology 1998, 10:811-828.
68. Pollak S D, Sinha P. Effects of early experience on children's recognition of facial displays of emotion. Developmental Psychology 2002, 38:784-791.
69. Raison C L, Miller A H. When not enough is too much: The role of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003, 160:1554-1565.
70. Rieder C, Cicchetti D. Organizational perspective on cognitive control functioning and cognitive-affective balance in maltreated children. Developmental Psychology 1989, 25:382-393.
71. Sanchez M M, Ladd C O, Plotsky P M. Early adverse experience as a developmental risk factor for later psychopathology: Evidence from rodent and primate models. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:419-450.
72. Sanchez M M, McCormack K M, Maestripieri D. Ethological case study: Infant abuse in rhesus macaques. Formative experiences: The interaction of caregiving, culture, and developmental psychobiology Worthman C M, Plotsky P M, Schechter D SCummings C. In, Eds, New York, Cambridge University Press
73. Sanchez M M, Noble P M, Lyon C K, Plotsky P M, Davis M, Nemeroff C B. Alterations in diurnal cortisol rhythm and acoustic startle response in nonhuman primates with adverse rearing. Biological Psychiatry 2005, 57:373-381.
74. Schwartz E B, Granger D A, Susman E J, Gunnar M R, Laird B. Assessing salivary cortisol in studies of child development. Child Development 1999, 69:1503-1513.
75. Sedlack A J, Broadhurst D D. The Third National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-3) final report 1996, Washington, DC, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
76. Shackman J E, Shackman A J, Pollak S D. Physical abuse amplifies attention to threat and increases anxiety in children. Emotion 2007, 7:838-852.
77. Stroud L, Foster E, Handwerger K, Papandonatos G D, Granger D, Kivlighan K T. Stress response and the adolescent transition: Performance versus peer rejection stress. Development and Psychopathology 2009, 21:47-68.
78. Susman E J. Psychobiology of persistent antisocial behavior: Stress, early vulnerabilities and the attenuation hypothesis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2006, 30:376-389.
79. Susman E J, Dockray S, Dorn L D, Schiefelbein V L, Herwehe S, Heaton J A. Morningness/eveningness, morning-to-afternoon cortisol ratio, and antisocial behavior problems during puberty. Developmental Psychology 2007, 43:811-822.
80. Tarullo A R, Gunnar M R. Child maltreatment and the developing HPA axis. Hormones and Behavior 2006, 50:632-639.
81. Teisl M, Cicchetti D. Physical abuse, cognitive and emotional processes, and aggressive/disruptive behavior problems. Social Development 2008, 16:1-23.
82. Thompson R A, Nelson C A. Developmental science and the media: Early brain development. American Psychologist 2001, 56:5-15.
83. Toth S L, Cicchetti D. Child maltreatment: Where do we go from here in our treatment of victims? Child abuse, child development, and social policy 1993, 399-438. Cicchetti D, Toth S L. In, Eds, pp, Norwood, NJ, Ablex
84. Toth S L, Manly J T, Cicchetti D. Child maltreatment and vulnerability to depression. Development and Psychopathology 1992, 4:97-112.
85. Child maltreatment 1998: Reports from the states to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System 2000, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office
86. Widom C S, DuMont K, Czaja S J. A prospective investigation of major depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and neglected children grown up. Archives of General Psychiatry 2007, 64:49-56.
87. Zhang L X, Levine S, Dent G, Zhan Y, Xing G, Okimoto D. Maternal deprivation increases cell death in the infant rat brain. Brain Research: Developmental Brain Research 2002, 133:1-111.