메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 572-580

Review of progress toward 20% efficiency flexible CIGS solar cells and manufacturing issues of solar modules

Author keywords

Cu(In; flexible; Ga)Se2 (CIGS); manufacturing; module; solar cells

Indexed keywords

ABSORBER LAYERS; CELL EFFICIENCY; CIGS FILMS; CIGS MODULES; CIGS SOLAR CELLS; CU(IN , GA)SE; FLEXIBLE; FLEXIBLE POLYIMIDE; FLEXIBLE SOLAR CELLS; FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATE; GLASS SUBSTRATES; INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION; LONG TERM PERFORMANCE; MANUFACTURING CHALLENGES; MANUFACTURING ISSUE; MODULE; MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION; PERFORMANCE LEVEL; POLYCRYSTALLINE-SI; POLYIMIDE FILM; PRODUCTION COST; ROLL TO ROLL MANUFACTURING; SOLAR ELECTRICITY; SOLAR MODULE; SUBSTRATE MATERIAL; THIN-FILM TECHNOLOGY;

EID: 84871764211     PISSN: 21563381     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2226869     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (179)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 79955151643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photovoltaic manufacturing: Present status, future prospects, and research needs
    • May
    • C. A. Wolden, J. Kurtin, J. B. Baxter, I. Repins, S. E. Shaheen, J. T. Torvik et al., "Photovoltaic manufacturing: Present status, future prospects, and research needs," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 030801-1-030801-16, May 2011.
    • (2011) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 0308011-03080116
    • Wolden, C.A.1    Kurtin, J.2    Baxter, J.B.3    Repins, I.4    Shaheen, S.E.5    Torvik, J.T.6
  • 4
    • 80054081433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New world record efficiency for Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin-film solar cells beyond 20%
    • Nov
    • P. Jackson, D. Hariskos, E. Lotter, S. Paetel, R. Wuerz, R. Menner et al., "New world record efficiency for Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin-film solar cells beyond 20%," Progr. Photovoltaics, vol. 19, pp. 894-897, Nov. 2011.
    • (2011) Progr. Photovoltaics , vol.19 , pp. 894-897
    • Jackson, P.1    Hariskos, D.2    Lotter, E.3    Paetel, S.4    Wuerz, R.5    Menner, R.6
  • 5
    • 80054907906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficientCu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells grown on flexible polymer films
    • Sep
    • A. Chirila, S. Buecheler, F. Pianezzi, P. Bloesch, C. Gretener, A. R. Uhl et al., "Highly efficientCu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells grown on flexible polymer films," Nat. Mater., vol. 10, pp. 857-861, Sep. 2011.
    • (2011) Nat. Mater , vol.10 , pp. 857-861
    • Chirila, A.1    Buecheler, S.2    Pianezzi, F.3    Bloesch, P.4    Gretener, C.5    Uhl, A.R.6
  • 6
    • 77956759556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-vacuum methods for formation of Cu(In, Ga)(Se, S)(2) thin film photovoltaic absorbers
    • Sep
    • C. J. Hibberd, E. Chassaing, W. Liu, D. B. Mitzi, D. Lincot, and A. N. Tiwari, "Non-vacuum methods for formation of Cu(In, Ga)(Se, S)(2) thin film photovoltaic absorbers," Progr. Photovoltaics, vol. 18, pp. 434-452, Sep. 2010.
    • (2010) Progr. Photovoltaics , vol.18 , pp. 434-452
    • Hibberd, C.J.1    Chassaing, E.2    Liu, W.3    Mitzi, D.B.4    Lincot, D.5    Tiwari, A.N.6
  • 10
    • 77956758367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buffer layers and transparent conducting oxides for chalcopyrite Cu(In, Ga)(S, Se)(2) based thin film photovoltaics: Present status and current developments
    • Sep
    • N. Naghavi, D. Abou-Ras, N. Allsop, N. Barreau, S. Buecheler, A. Ennaoui et al., "Buffer layers and transparent conducting oxides for chalcopyrite Cu(In, Ga)(S, Se)(2) based thin film photovoltaics: Present status and current developments," Progr. Photovoltaics, vol. 18, pp. 411-433, Sep. 2010.
    • (2010) Progr. Photovoltaics , vol.18 , pp. 411-433
    • Naghavi, N.1    Abou-Ras, D.2    Allsop, N.3    Barreau, N.4    Buecheler, S.5    Ennaoui, A.6
  • 11
    • 0032593271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic properties of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 heterojunction solar cells-recent achievements, current understanding, and future challenges
    • Aug
    • U. Rau and H. W. Schock, "Electronic properties of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 heterojunction solar cells-recent achievements, current understanding, and future challenges," Appl. Phys. a-Mater. Sci. Process., vol. 69, pp. 131-147, Aug. 1999.
    • (1999) Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process , vol.69 , pp. 131-147
    • Rau, U.1    Schock, H.W.2
  • 12
    • 49149126997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic level alignment at the deeply buried absorber/Mo interface in chalcopyrite-based thin film solar cells
    • Jul
    • M. Bar, S. Nishiwaki, L. Weinhardt, S. Pookpanratana, W. N. Shafarman, and C. Heske, "Electronic level alignment at the deeply buried absorber/Mo interface in chalcopyrite-based thin film solar cells," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 93, pp. 042110-1-042110-3, Jul. 2008.
    • (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.93 , pp. 0421101-0421103
    • Bar, M.1    Nishiwaki, S.2    Weinhardt, L.3    Pookpanratana, S.4    Shafarman, W.N.5    Heske, C.6
  • 13
    • 18444392436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium incorporation strategies for CIGS growth at different temperatures
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.11.071, PII S0040609004016505
    • D. Rudmann, D. Bremaud, A. F. da Cunha, G. Bilger, A. Strohm, M. Kaelin et al., "Sodium incorporation strategies for CIGS growth at different temperatures," Thin Solid Films, vol. 480, pp. 55-60, Jun. 1, 2005. (Pubitemid 40642950)
    • (2005) Thin Solid Films , vol.480-481 , pp. 55-60
    • Rudmann, D.1    Bremaud, D.2    Da Cunha, A.F.3    Bilger, G.4    Strohm, A.5    Kaelin, M.6    Zogg, H.7    Tiwari, A.N.8
  • 15
    • 9944220542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technological aspects of flexible CIGS solar cells and modules
    • DOI 10.1016/j.solener.2004.04.010, PII S0038092X04000854, Thin Film PV
    • F. Kessler and D. Rudmann, "Technological aspects of flexible CIGS solar cells and modules," Sol. Energy, vol. 77, pp. 685-695, 2004. (Pubitemid 39605877)
    • (2004) Solar Energy , vol.77 , Issue.6 , pp. 685-695
    • Kessler, F.1    Rudmann, D.2
  • 16
    • 0032099981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 thin film formation on a Cu tape substrate for photovoltaic applications
    • PII S092702489800018X
    • J. Penndorf, M. Winkler, O. Tober, D. Roser, and K. Jacobs, "CuInS2 thin film formation on a Cu tape substrate for photovoltaic applications," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 53, pp. 285-298, Jun. 1998. (Pubitemid 128420599)
    • (1998) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.53 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 285-298
    • Penndorf, J.1    Winkler, M.2    Tober, O.3    Roser, D.4    Jacobs, K.5
  • 17
    • 21444444541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Na incorporation into Cu(In, Ga)Se2 for high-efficiency flexible solar cells on polymer foils
    • Apr
    • D. Rudmann, D. Bremaud, H. Zogg, and A. N. Tiwari, "Na incorporation into Cu(In, Ga)Se2 for high-efficiency flexible solar cells on polymer foils," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 97, pp. 084903-1-084903-5, Apr. 2005.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Phys , vol.97 , pp. 0849031-0849035
    • Rudmann, D.1    Bremaud, D.2    Zogg, H.3    Tiwari, A.N.4
  • 18
    • 79959952108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High efficiency low temperature grown Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin film solar cells on flexible substrates using NaF precursor layers
    • Aug
    • R. Caballero, C. A. Kaufmann, T. Eisenbarth, T. Unold, R. Klenk, and H. W. Schock, "High efficiency low temperature grown Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin film solar cells on flexible substrates using NaF precursor layers," Progr. Photovoltaics, vol. 19, pp. 547-551, Aug. 2011.
    • (2011) Progr. Photovoltaics , vol.19 , pp. 547-551
    • Caballero, R.1    Kaufmann, C.A.2    Eisenbarth, T.3    Unold, T.4    Klenk, R.5    Schock, H.W.6
  • 19
    • 52949110160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alkali incorporation control in Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin films using silicate thin layers and applications in enhancing flexible solar cell efficiency
    • Sep
    • S. Ishizuka, A. Yamada, K. Matsubara, P. Fons, K. Sakurai, and S. Niki, "Alkali incorporation control in Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin films using silicate thin layers and applications in enhancing flexible solar cell efficiency," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 93, no. 12, pp. 124105-1-124105-3, Sep. 2008.
    • (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.93 , Issue.12 , pp. 1241051-1241053
    • Ishizuka, S.1    Yamada, A.2    Matsubara, K.3    Fons, P.4    Sakurai, K.5    Niki, S.6
  • 24
    • 0037210104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 solar cells on stainless steel substrates covered with insulating layers
    • DOI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00099-5, PII S0927024802000995
    • T. Satoh, Y. Hashimoto, S. Shimakawa, S. Hayashi, and T. Negami, "Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells on stainless steel substrates covered with insulating layers," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 75, pp. 65-71, Jan. 2003. (Pubitemid 35281676)
    • (2003) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.75 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 65-71
    • Satoh, T.1    Hashimoto, Y.2    Shimakawa, S.I.3    Hayashi, S.4    Negami, T.5
  • 27
    • 84857781318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic properties of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells on stainless steel foils without diffusion barrier
    • Jan
    • F. Pianezzi, A. Chirila, P. Bl̈osch, S. Seyrling, S. Buecheler, L. Kranz et al., "Electronic properties of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells on stainless steel foils without diffusion barrier," Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl., vol. 20, pp. 253-259, Jan. 2012.
    • (2012) Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl , vol.20 , pp. 253-259
    • Pianezzi, F.1    Chirila, A.2    Bl̈osch, P.3    Seyrling, S.4    Buecheler, S.5    Kranz, L.6
  • 29
    • 38549140748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fabrication of flexible CIGS solar cell on stainless steel substrate by co-evaporation process
    • Advances in Nanomaterials and Processing - IUMRS - ICA - 2006 International Conference in Asia
    • M. S. Kim, J. H. Yun, K. H. Yoon, and B. T. Ahna, "Fabrication of flexible CIGS solar cell on stainless steel substrate by co-evaporation process," Adv. Nanomaterials Process., vol. 124-126, Pts. 1 and 2, pp. 73-76, Jan. 2007. (Pubitemid 351151373)
    • (2007) Diffusion and Defect Data Pt.B: Solid State Phenomena , vol.124-126 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 73-76
    • Kim, M.S.1    Yun, J.H.2    Yoon, K.H.3    Ahn, B.T.4
  • 30
    • 84949549119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 15. 2% AMO/1433 W/kg thinfilm Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell for space applications
    • Sep
    • J. R. Tuttle, A. Szalaj, and J. Keane, "A 15. 2% AMO/1433 W/kg thinfilm Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell for space applications," in Proc. 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf., Sep. 2000, pp. 1042-1045.
    • (2000) Proc. 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf. , pp. 1042-1045
    • Tuttle, J.R.1    Szalaj, A.2    Keane, J.3
  • 36
    • 9944255235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 on Cu-tape
    • DOI 10.1016/j.solener.2004.06.017, PII S0038092X04001586, Thin Film PV
    • M. Winkler, J. Griesche, I. Konovalov, J. Penndorf, J. Wienke, and O. Tober, "CISCuT-Solar cells and modules on the basis of CuInS2 on Cu-tape," Sol. Energy, vol. 77, pp. 705-716, Aug. 2004. (Pubitemid 39605879)
    • (2004) Solar Energy , vol.77 , Issue.6 , pp. 705-716
    • Winkler, M.1    Griesche, J.2    Konovalov, I.3    Penndorf, J.4    Wienke, J.5    Tober, O.6
  • 38
    • 68249122366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cd-free flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin film solar cells with ZnS(O, OH) buffer layers on Ti foils
    • Jul
    • T. Yagioka and T. Nakada, "Cd-free flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) thin film solar cells with ZnS(O, OH) buffer layers on Ti foils," Appl. Phys. Exp., vol. 2, pp. 072201 (1-3), Jul. 2009.
    • (2009) Appl. Phys. Exp , vol.2 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 072201
    • Yagioka, T.1    Nakada, T.2
  • 42
    • 0027559586 scopus 로고
    • Copper indium diselenide thin-film solar-cells fabricated on flexible foil substrates
    • Mar
    • B. M. Basol, V. K. Kapur, A. Halani, and C. Leidholm, "Copper indium diselenide thin-film solar-cells fabricated on flexible foil substrates," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 29, pp. 163-173, Mar. 1993.
    • (1993) Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells , vol.29 , pp. 163-173
    • Basol, B.M.1    Kapur, V.K.2    Halani, A.3    Leidholm, C.4
  • 44
    • 77951572826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficiency enhancement of flexible CIGS solar cells using alkali-silicate glass thin layers as an alkali source material
    • Jan
    • S. Ishizuka, A. Yamada, and S. Niki, "Efficiency enhancement of flexible CIGS solar cells using alkali-silicate glass thin layers as an alkali source material," in Proc. 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf., Jan. 2009, pp. 002349-002353.
    • (2009) Proc. 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf. , pp. 002349-002353
    • Ishizuka, S.1    Yamada, A.2    Niki, S.3
  • 45
    • 77949343042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Na on Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) solar cells grown on polyimide substrates at low temperature: Impact on the Cu(In, Ga)Se(2)/Mo interface
    • Mar.
    • R. Caballero, C. A. Kaufmann, T. Eisenbarth, A. Grimm, I. Lauermann, T. Unold et al., "Influence of Na on Cu(In, Ga)Se(2) solar cells grown on polyimide substrates at low temperature: Impact on the Cu(In, Ga)Se(2)/Mo interface," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 96, no. 9, pp. 092104-092104-3, Mar. 2010.
    • (2010) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.96 , Issue.9 , pp. 092104-0921043
    • Caballero, R.1    Kaufmann, C.A.2    Eisenbarth, T.3    Grimm, A.4    Lauermann, I.5    Unold, T.6
  • 47
    • 0030214130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flexible and light weight copper indium diselenide solar cells on polyimide substrates
    • DOI 10.1016/0927-0248(95)00171-9
    • B. M. Basol, V. K. Kapur, C. R. Leidholm, A. Halani, and K. Gledhill, "Flexible and light weight copper indium diselenide solar cells on polyimide substrates," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 43, pp. 93-98, Aug. 1996. (Pubitemid 126392906)
    • (1996) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-98
    • Basol, B.M.1    Kapur, V.K.2    Leidholm, C.R.3    Halani, A.4    Gledhill, K.5
  • 48
    • 79961011571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of CIGS solar cells on polyethylene terephthalate substrates
    • Jul
    • M. G. Faraj, K. Ibrahim, and A. Salhin, "Investigation of CIGS solar cells on polyethylene terephthalate substrates," Int. J. Polym. Mater., vol. 60, pp. 817-824, Jul. 2011.
    • (2011) Int. J. Polym. Mater , vol.60 , pp. 817-824
    • Faraj, M.G.1    Ibrahim, K.2    Salhin, A.3
  • 53
    • 0032643195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress toward 20% efficiency in Cu(In, Ca)Se(2) polycrystalline thin-film solar cells
    • Jul./Aug
    • M. A. Contreras, B. Egaas, K. Ramanathan, J. Hiltner, A. Swartzlander, F. Hasoon et al., "Progress toward 20% efficiency in Cu(In, Ca)Se(2) polycrystalline thin-film solar cells," Progr. Photovoltaics, vol. 7, pp. 311-316, Jul./Aug. 1999.
    • (1999) Progr. Photovoltaics , vol.7 , pp. 311-316
    • Contreras, M.A.1    Egaas, B.2    Ramanathan, K.3    Hiltner, J.4    Swartzlander, A.5    Hasoon, F.6
  • 56
    • 27944507253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards the development of flexible CIGS solar cells on polymer films with efficiency exceeding 15%
    • Conference Record of the 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 2005
    • D. Bremaud, D. Rudmann, G. Bilger, H. Zogg, and A. N. Tiwari, "Towards the development of flexible CIGS solar cells on polymer films with efficiency exceeding 15%," in Proc. Conf. Rec. 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Spec. Conf., Jan. 2005, pp. 223-226. (Pubitemid 41667765)
    • (2005) Conference Record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference , pp. 223-226
    • Bremaud, D.1    Rudmann, D.2    Bilger, G.3    Zogg, H.4    Tiwari, A.N.5
  • 60
    • 84871795246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Miasoĺe Aug.
    • Miasoĺe. (2012, Aug. ). [Online]. Available: www. miasole. com
    • (2012)
  • 62
  • 63
    • 84871768642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aug.
    • A. Solar. (2012, Aug. ). [Online]. Available: www. ascentsolar. com/enerplex/
    • (2012)
    • Solar, A.1
  • 64
    • 0037209887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-based thin-film photovoltaic modules optimized for long-term performance
    • DOI 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00101-0, PII S0927024802001010
    • J. Wennerberg, J. Kessler, and L. Stolt, "Cu(In, Ga)Se2-based thin-film photovoltaic modules optimized for long-term performance," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 75, pp. 47-55, 2003. (Pubitemid 35281674)
    • (2003) Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells , vol.75 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 47-55
    • Wennerberg, J.1    Kessler, J.2    Stolt, L.3
  • 67
    • 84874260242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life prediction for CIGS solar modules part 1: Modeling moisture ingress and degradation
    • [Online] DOI:10. 1002/pip 1172
    • D. J. Coyle, "Life prediction for CIGS solar modules part 1: Modeling moisture ingress and degradation," Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl., 2011, [Online], DOI:10. 1002/pip. 1172.
    • (2011) Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl
    • Coyle, D.J.1
  • 68
    • 79953679868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin film CIGS photovoltaic modules:Monolithic integration and advanced packaging for high performance, high reliability and low cost
    • L. Eldada, "Thin film CIGS photovoltaic modules:Monolithic integration and advanced packaging for high performance, high reliability and low cost," Optoelectron. Integr. Circuits XIII, vol. 7942 0F (1-24), 2011.
    • (2011) Optoelectron. Integr. Circuits XIII , vol.7942 , Issue.1-24
    • Eldada, L.1
  • 69
    • 77957660884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encapsulation of Cu(InGa)Se-2 solar cell with Al2O3 thin-film moisture barrier grown by atomic layer deposition
    • Dec
    • P. F. Carcia, R. S. McLean, and S. Hegedus, "Encapsulation of Cu(InGa)Se-2 solar cell with Al2O3 thin-film moisture barrier grown by atomic layer deposition," Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 94, pp. 2375-2378, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells , vol.94 , pp. 2375-2378
    • Carcia, P.F.1    McLean, R.S.2    Hegedus, S.3
  • 71
    • 84871733698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aug.
    • SoloPower. (2012, Aug. ). [Online]. Available: www. solopower. com
    • (2012) SoloPower
  • 72
    • 84871794954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aug.
    • Global Solar. (2012, Aug. ). [Online]. Available: www. globalsolar. com
    • (2012) Global Solar
  • 73
    • 84874232882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life prediction for CIGS solar modules part 2: Degradation kinetics, accelerated testing, and encapsulant effects
    • [Online] DOI:10. 1002/pip1171
    • D. J. Coyle, H. A. Blaydes, R. S. Northey, J. E. Pickett, K. R. Nagarkar, R.-A. Zhao et al., "Life prediction for CIGS solar modules part 2: Degradation kinetics, accelerated testing, and encapsulant effects," Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl., 2011, [Online], DOI:10. 1002/pip. 1171.
    • (2011) Progr. Photovoltaics: Res. Appl
    • Coyle, D.J.1    Blaydes, H.A.2    Northey, R.S.3    Pickett, J.E.4    Nagarkar, K.R.5    Zhao, R.-A.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.