Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis

The Lancet

Volumn 380, Issue 9854, 2012, Pages 1693-1702

  Van De Beek, Diederik ^a   Brouwer, Matthijs C ^a   Thwaites, Guy E ^b,c   Tunkel, Allan R ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c GUY'S AND ST THOMAS' NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^d MONMOUTH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; AMINOGLYCOSIDE; AMOXICILLIN; AMPICILLIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CEFEPIME; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CEFTRIAXONE; DAPTOMYCIN; DEXAMETHASONE; GENTAMICIN; LINEZOLID; MEROPENEM; RIFAMPICIN; TIGECYCLINE; TOBRAMYCIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL MENINGITIS; DRUG EFFICACY; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HUMAN; LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES; NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; TREATMENT DURATION;

EID: 84868555460     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: 1474547X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61186-6     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Thigpen MC, Whitney CG, Messonnier NE, et al. Bacterial meningitis in the United States, 1998-2007. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2016-25.
2. van de Beek D, de Gans J, Spanjaard L, Weisfelt M, Reitsma JB, Vermeulen M. Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1849-59.
3. van de Beek D, de Gans J, Tunkel AR, Wijdicks EF. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 44-53.
4. Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR, van de Beek D. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and antimicrobial treatment of acute bacterial meningitis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23: 467-92.
5. Auburtin M, Wolff M, Charpentier J, et al. Detrimental role of delayed antibiotic administration and penicillin-nonsusceptible strains in adult intensive care unit patients with pneumococcal meningitis: the PNEUMOREA prospective multicenter study. Crit Care Med 2006; 34: 2758-65.
6. Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39: 1267-84.
7. Scarborough M, Thwaites GE. The diagnosis and management of acute bacterial meningitis in resource-poor settings. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7: 637-48.
8. Nau R, Sorgel F, Eiffert H. Penetration of drugs through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid/blood-brain barrier for treatment of central nervous system infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23: 858-83.
9. Andes DR, Craig WA. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in meningitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1999; 13: 595-618.
10. van de Beek D, Drake JM, Tunkel AR. Nosocomial bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 146-54.
11. Rahal JJ Jr, Hyams PJ, Simberkoff MS, Rubinstein E. Combined intrathecal and intramuscular gentamicin for gram-negative meningitis. Pharmacologic study of 21 patients. N Engl J Med 1974; 290: 1394-98.
12. McCracken GH Jr, Mize SG. A controlled study of intrathecal antibiotic therapy in Gram-negative enteric meningitis of infancy. Report of the Neonatal Meningitis Cooperative Study Group. J Pediatr 1976; 89: 66-72.
13. McCracken GH Jr, Mize SG, Threlkeld N. Intraventricular gentamicin therapy in Gram-negative bacillary meningitis of infancy. Report of the Second Neonatal Meningitis Cooperative Study Group. Lancet 1980; 315: 787-91.
14. Eagle H, Fleischman R, Levy M. "Continuous" vs. "discontinuous" therapy with penicillin; the effect of the interval between injections on therapeutic efficacy. N Engl J Med 1953; 248: 481-88.
15. Roberts JA, Webb S, Paterson D, Ho KM, Lipman J. A systematic review on clinical benefits of continuous administration of β-lactam antibiotics. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 2071-78.
16. Pelkonen T, Roine I, Cruzeiro ML, Pitkäranta A, Kataja M, Peltola H. Slow initial β-lactam infusion and oral paracetamol to treat childhood bacterial meningitis: a randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; 11: 613-21.
17. Appelbaum PC. Resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae: implications for drug selection. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 1613-20.
18. Klugman KP, Walsh AL, Phiri A, Molyneux EM. Mortality in penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008; 27: 671-72.
19. Hsu HE, Shutt KA, Moore MR, et al. Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 244-56.
20. Ricard JD, Wolff M, Lacherade JC, et al. Levels of vancomycin in cerebrospinal fluid of adult patients receiving adjunctive corticosteroids to treat pneumococcal meningitis: a prospective multicenter observational study. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 250-55.
21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Effects of new penicillin susceptibility breakpoints for Streptococcus pneumoniae\United States, 2006-2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008; 57: 1353-55.
22. Latorre C, Gene A, Juncosa T, Munoz C, Gonzalez-Cuevas A. Neisseria meningitidis: evolution of penicillin resistance and phenotype in a children's hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Acta Paediatr 2000; 89: 661-65.
23. Rosenstein NE, Stocker SA, Popovic T, Tenover FC, Perkins BA. Antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria meningitidis in the United States, 1997. The Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Team. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30: 212-13.
24. Hedberg ST, Fredlund H, Nicolas P, Caugant DA, Olcen P, Unemo M. Antibiotic susceptibility and characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from the African meningitis belt, 2000 to 2006: phenotypic and genotypic perspectives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 1561-66.
25. Luaces CC, Garcia Garcia JJ, Roca MJ, Latorre Otin CL. Clinical data in children with meningococcal meningitis in a Spanish hospital. Acta Paediatr 1997; 86: 26-29.
26. Galimand M, Gerbaud G, Guibourdenche M, Riou JY, Courvalin P. High-level chloramphenicol resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 868-74.
27. Stephens DS, Greenwood B, Brandtzaeg P. Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis. Lancet 2007; 369: 2196-210.
28. Wu HM, Harcourt BH, Hatcher CP, et al. Emergence of ciprofloxacin- resistant Neisseria meningitidis in North America. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 886-92.
29. Nathan N, Borel T, Djibo A, et al. Ceftriaxone as effective as long-acting chloramphenicol in short-course treatment of meningococcal meningitis during epidemics: a randomised non-inferiority study. Lancet 2005; 366: 308-13.
30. Brouwer MC, van de Beek D, Heckenberg SG, Spanjaard L, de Gans J. Community-acquired Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43: 1233-38.
31. Mylonakis E, Hohmann EL, Calderwood SB. Central nervous system infection with Listeria monocytogenes. 33 years' experience at a general hospital and review of 776 episodes from the literature. Medicine 1998; 77: 313-36.
32. Mitja O, Pigrau C, Ruiz I, et al. Predictors of mortality and impact of aminoglycosides on outcome in listeriosis in a retrospective cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009; 64: 416-23.
33. Merle-Melet M, Dossou-Gbete L, Maurer P, et al. Is amoxicillin- cotrimoxazole the most appropriate antibiotic regimen for listeria meningoencephalitis? Review of 22 cases and the literature. J Infect 1996; 33: 79-85.
34. Kim KS. Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10: 32-42.
35. Schaad UB, Suter S, Gianella-Borradori A, et al. A comparison of ceftriaxone and cefuroxime for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 141-47.
36. Peltola H, Anttila M, Renkonen OV, on behalf of the Finnish Study Group. Randomised comparison of chloramphenicol, ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone for childhood bacterial meningitis. Lancet 1989; 333: 1281-87.
37. Hirakata Y, Ohmori K, Mikuriya M, et al. Antimicrobial activities of piperacillin-tazobactam against Haemophilus influenzae isolates, including β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant and β-lactamase-positive amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant isolates, and mutations in their quinolone resistance-determining regions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 4225-30.
38. Moissenet D, Salauze B, Clermont O, et al. Meningitis caused by Escherichia coli producing TEM-52 extended-spectrum β-lactamase within an extensive outbreak in a neonatal ward: epidemiological investigation and characterization of the strain. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48: 2459-63.
39. Rodriguez GA, Blanco A, Asensi V, et al. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter meningitis in neurosurgical patients with intraventricular catheters: assessment of different treatments. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61: 908-13.
40. DeLeo FR, Otto M, Kreiswirth BN, Chambers HF. Community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet 2010; 375: 1557-68.
41. WHO. Standardized treatment of bacterial meningitis in Africa in epidemic and non-epidemic situations. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
42. Karageorgopoulos DE, Valkimadi PE, Kapaskelis A, Rafailidis PI, Falagas ME. Short versus long duration of antibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in children. Arch Dis Child 2009; 94: 607-14.
43. Molyneux E, Nizami SQ, Saha S, et al. 5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone for bacterial meningitis in children: a double-blind randomised equivalence study. Lancet 2011; 377: 1837-45.
44. Miranda J, Tunkel AR. Strategies and new developments in the management of bacterial meningitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2009; 23: 925-43.
45. Lodise TP Jr, Nau R, Kinzig M, Jones RN, Drusano GL, Sorgel F. Comparison of the probability of target attainment between ceftriaxone and cefepime in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 58: 445-52.
46. Nalda-Molina R, Dokoumetzidis A, Charkoftaki G, et al. Pharmacokinetics of doripenem in CSF of patients with non-inflamed meninges. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67: 1722-29.
47. Gupta N, Limbago BM, Patel JB, Kallen AJ. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: epidemiology and prevention. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 53: 60-67.
48. Ostergaard C, Sorensen TK, Knudsen JD, Frimodt-Moller N. Evaluation of moxifloxacin, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, for treatment of meningitis caused by a penicillin-resistant pneumococcus in rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1706-12.
49. Lutsar I, Friedland IR, Wubbel L, et al. Pharmacodynamics of gatifloxacin in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 2650-55.
50. Saez-Llorens X, McCoig C, Feris JM, et al. Quinolone treatment for pediatric bacterial meningitis: a comparative study of trovafloxacin and ceftriaxone with or without vancomycin. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; 21: 14-22.
51. Park-Wyllie LY, Juurlink DN, Kopp A, et al. Outpatient gatifloxacin therapy and dysglycemia in older adults. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1352-61.
52. Egermann U, Stanga Z, Ramin A, et al. Combination of daptomycin plus ceftriaxone is more active than vancomycin plus ceftriaxone in experimental meningitis after addition of dexamethasone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 3030-33.
53. Lee DH, Palermo B, Chowdhury M. Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus meningitis with daptomycin. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: 588-90.
54. Le J, Bookstaver PB, Rudisill CN, et al. Treatment of meningitis caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: high-dose and combination daptomycin therapy. Ann Pharmacother 2010; 44: 2001-06.
55. Ntziora F, Falagas ME. Linezolid for the treatment of patients with central nervous system infection. Ann Pharmacother 2007; 41: 296-308.
56. Yogev R, Damle B, Levy G, Nachman S. Pharmacokinetics and distribution of linezolid in cerebrospinal fluid in children and adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010; 29: 827-30.
57. Kim BN, Peleg AY, Lodise TP, et al. Management of meningitis due to antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter species. Lancet Infect Dis 2009; 9: 245-55.
58. Ray L, Levasseur K, Nicolau DP, Scheetz MH. Cerebral spinal fluid penetration of tigecycline in a patient with Acinetobacter baumannii cerebritis. Ann Pharmacother 2010; 44: 582-86.
59. Mook-Kanamori BB, Geldhoff M, van der Poll T, van de Beek D. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of pneumococcal meningitis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011; 24: 557-91.
60. Brouwer MC, McIntyre P, de Gans J, Prasad K, van de Beek D. Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; 9: CD004405.
61. Molyneux EM, Walsh AL, Forsyth H, et al. Dexamethasone treatment in childhood bacterial meningitis in Malawi: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 211-18.
62. Peltola H, Roine I, Fernandez J, et al. Adjuvant glycerol and/or dexamethasone to improve the outcomes of childhood bacterial meningitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45: 1277-86.
63. Daoud AS, Batieha A, Al-Sheyyab M, Abuekteish F, Obeidat A, Mahafza T. Lack of effectiveness of dexamethasone in neonatal bacterial meningitis. Eur J Pediatr 1999; 158: 230-33.
64. de Gans J, van de Beek D. Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1549-56.
65. Scarborough M, Gordon SB, Whitty CJ, et al. Corticosteroids for bacterial meningitis in adults in sub-Saharan Africa. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 2441-50.
66. Nguyen TH, Tran TH, Thwaites G, et al. Dexamethasone in Vietnamese adolescents and adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 2431-40.
67. van de Beek D, Farrar JJ, de Gans J, et al. Adjunctive dexamethasone in bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 254-63.
68. Visintin C, Mugglestone MA, Fields EJ, Jacklin P, Murphy MS, Pollard AJ. Management of bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2010; 340: c3209.
69. Syrogiannopoulos GA, Lourida AN, Theodoridou MC, et al. Dexamethasone therapy for bacterial meningitis in children: 2-versus 4-day regimen. J Infect Dis 1994; 169: 853-58.
70. Heckenberg SG, Brouwer MC, van der Ende A, van de Beek D. Adjunctive dexamethasone in adults with meningococcal meningitis. Neurology 2012; 79: 1563-69.
71. Brouwer MC, Heckenberg SG, de Gans J, Spanjaard L, Reitsma JB, van de Beek D. Nationwide implementation of adjunctive dexamethasone therapy for pneumococcal meningitis. Neurology 2010; 75: 1533-59.
72. Hoogman M, van de Beek D, Weisfelt M, de Gans J, Schmand B. Cognitive outcome in adults after bacterial meningitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78: 1092-96.
73. Weisfelt M, Hoogman M, van de Beek D, de Gans J, Dreschler WA, Schmand BA. Dexamethasone and long-term outcome in adults with bacterial meningitis. Ann Neurol 2006; 60: 456-68.
74. Schut ES, Brouwer MC, de Gans J, Florquin S, Troost D, van de Beek D. Delayed cerebral thrombosis after initial good recovery from pneumococcal meningitis. Neurology 2009; 73: 1988-95.
75. Lutsar I, Friedland IR, Jafri HS, et al. Factors influencing the anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone therapy in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 52: 651-55.
76. Moran JL, Graham PL, Rockliff S, Bersten AD. Updating the evidence for the role of corticosteroids in severe sepsis and septic shock: a Bayesian meta-analytic perspective. Crit Care 2010; 14: R134.
77. Kilpi T, Peltola H, Jauhiainen T, Kallio MJ. Oral glycerol and intravenous dexamethasone in preventing neurologic and audiologic sequelae of childhood bacterial meningitis. The Finnish Study Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14: 270-78.
78. Ajdukiewicz KM, Cartwright KE, Scarborough M, et al. Glycerol adjuvant therapy in adults with bacterial meningitis in a high HIV seroprevalence setting in Malawi: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; 11: 293-300.
79. Lindvall P, Ahlm C, Ericsson M, Gothefors L, Naredi S, Koskinen LO. Reducing intracranial pressure may increase survival among patients with bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 384-90.
80. van de Beek D, Weisfelt M, de Gans J, Tunkel AR, Wijdicks EF. Drug Insight: adjunctive therapies in adults with bacterial meningitis. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2006; 2: 504-16.
81. Zoons E, Weisfelt M, de Gans J, et al. Seizures in adults with bacterial meningitis. Neurology 2008; 70: 2109-15.
82. Schut ES, Westendorp WF, de Gans J, et al. Hyperglycemia in bacterial meningitis: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9: 57.
83. Woehrl B, Brouwer MC, Murr C, et al. Complement component 5 contributes to poor disease outcome in humans and mice with pneumococcal meningitis. J Clin Invest 2011; 121: 3943-53