메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 634-643

The role of nutrition and body composition in peripheral arterial disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASCORBIC ACID; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FOLIC ACID; GAMMA LINOLENIC ACID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HOMOCYSTEINE; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; NICOTINIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PLACEBO; PYRIDOXINE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

EID: 84867901531     PISSN: 17595002     EISSN: 17595010     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2012.117     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (131)
  • 1
    • 33749007667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal medical management of peripheral arterial disease
    • Rice, T. W. & Lumsden, A. B. Optimal medical management of peripheral arterial disease. Vasc. Endovascular Surg. 40, 312-327 (2006).
    • (2006) Vasc. Endovascular Surg. , vol.40 , pp. 312-327
    • Rice, T.W.1    Lumsden, A.B.2
  • 2
    • 77951267112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise-based interventions and health-related quality of life in intermittent claudication: A 20-year (1989-2008) review
    • Guidon, M. & McGee, H. Exercise-based interventions and health-related quality of life in intermittent claudication: a 20-year (1989-2008) review. Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil. 17, 140-154 (2010).
    • (2010) Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Prev. Rehabil. , vol.17 , pp. 140-154
    • Guidon, M.1    McGee, H.2
  • 3
    • 68349161985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year costs in patients with a history of or at risk for atherothrombosis in the United States
    • Mahoney, E. M. et al. One-year costs in patients with a history of or at risk for atherothrombosis in the United States. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes 1, 38-45 (2008).
    • (2008) Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes , vol.1 , pp. 38-45
    • Mahoney, E.M.1
  • 4
    • 84859165378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Next 10 Years in the Management of Peripheral Artery Disease: Perspectives from the 'PAD 2009' Conference
    • Norgren, L. et al. The next 10 years in the management of peripheral artery disease: perspectives from the 'PAD 2009' Conference. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 40, 375-380 (2010).
    • (2010) Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. , vol.40 , pp. 375-380
    • Norgren, L.1
  • 5
    • 4043152705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the United States: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000
    • Selvin, E. & Erlinger, T. P. Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the United States: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000. Circulation 110, 738-743 (2004).
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 738-743
    • Selvin, E.1    Erlinger, T.P.2
  • 6
    • 0035913589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care
    • Hirsch, A. T. et al. Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care. JAMA 286, 1317-1324 (2001).
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 1317-1324
    • Hirsch, A.T.1
  • 7
    • 79958245895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial function in a cardiovascular risk population with borderline ankle-brachial index
    • Syvänen, K., Korhonen, P., Partanen, A. & Aarnio, P. Endothelial function in a cardiovascular risk population with borderline ankle-brachial index. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 7, 97-101 (2011).
    • (2011) Vasc. Health Risk Manag. , vol.7 , pp. 97-101
    • Syvänen, K.1    Korhonen, P.2    Partanen, A.3    Aarnio, P.4
  • 8
    • 35648938023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaps in public knowledge of peripheral arterial disease: The first national PAD public awareness survey
    • Hirsch, A. T. et al. Gaps in public knowledge of peripheral arterial disease: the first national PAD public awareness survey. Circulation 116, 2086-2094 (2007).
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 2086-2094
    • Hirsch, A.T.1
  • 9
    • 0030910365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerotic risk factors are less intensively treated in patients with peripheral arterial disease than in patients with coronary artery disease
    • McDermott, M. M., Mehta, S., Ahn, H. & Greenland, P. Atherosclerotic risk factors are less intensively treated in patients with peripheral arterial disease than in patients with coronary artery disease. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 12, 209-215 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Gen. Intern. Med. , vol.12 , pp. 209-215
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Mehta, S.2    Ahn, H.3    Greenland, P.4
  • 10
    • 13444312019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility and barriers to performance of the ankle-brachial index in primary care practice
    • rd et al. Utility and barriers to performance of the ankle-brachial index in primary care practice. Vasc. Med. 4, 253-260 (2004).
    • (2004) Vasc. Med. , vol.4 , pp. 253-260
    • Mohler III, E.R.1
  • 11
    • 78650680607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACCF/AHA/ACR/SCAI/SIR/SVM/SVN/SVS 2010 performance measures for adults with peripheral artery disease
    • A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures, the American College of Radiology, the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, the Society for Interventional Radiology, the Society for Vascular Medicine, the Society for Vascular Nursing, and the Society for Vascular Surgery (Writing Committee to Develop Clinical Performance Measures for Peripheral Artery Disease)
    • Olin, J. W. et al. ACCF/AHA/ACR/SCAI/SIR/SVM/SVN/SVS 2010 performance measures for adults with peripheral artery disease. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures, the American College of Radiology, the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, the Society for Interventional Radiology, the Society for Vascular Medicine, the Society for Vascular Nursing, and the Society for Vascular Surgery (Writing Committee to Develop Clinical Performance Measures for Peripheral Artery Disease). Vasc. Med. 15, 481-512 (2010).
    • (2010) Vasc. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 481-512
    • Olin, J.W.1
  • 12
    • 33645851638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between nutrient intake and peripheral artery disease: Results from the InCHIANTI study
    • Antonelli-Incalzi, R. et al. Association between nutrient intake and peripheral artery disease: results from the InCHIANTI study. Atherosclerosis 186, 200-206 (2006).
    • (2006) Atherosclerosis , vol.186 , pp. 200-206
    • Antonelli-Incalzi, R.1
  • 13
    • 63649101852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum selenium and peripheral arterial disease: Results from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2003-2004
    • Bleys, J. et al. Serum selenium and peripheral arterial disease: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2003-2004. Am. J. Epidemiol. 169, 996-1003 (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.169 , pp. 996-1003
    • Bleys, J.1
  • 14
    • 0034043191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low serum folate but normal homocysteine levels in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease and matched healthy controls
    • Bunout, D. et al. Low serum folate but normal homocysteine levels in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease and matched healthy controls. Nutrition 16, 434-438 (2000).
    • (2000) Nutrition , vol.16 , pp. 434-438
    • Bunout, D.1
  • 15
    • 2142695678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-score Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of peripheral arterial disease in Italian patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Cice, E. et al. A high-score Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of peripheral arterial disease in Italian patients with type 2 diabetes. J. Thromb. Haemost. 1, 1744-1752 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Thromb. Haemost. , vol.1 , pp. 1744-1752
    • Cice, E.1
  • 16
    • 0027322689 scopus 로고
    • Diet as a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in the general population: The Edinburgh Artery Study
    • Donnan, P. T., Thomson, M., Fowkes, F. G., Prescott, R. J. & Housley, E. Diet as a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in the general population: the Edinburgh Artery Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57, 917-921 (1993).
    • (1993) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.57 , pp. 917-921
    • Donnan, P.T.1    Thomson, M.2    Fowkes, F.G.3    Prescott, R.J.4    Housley, E.5
  • 17
    • 15044341842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypovitaminosis D, impaired bone turnover and low bone mass are common in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Fahrleitner-Pammer, A. et al. Hypovitaminosis D, impaired bone turnover and low bone mass are common in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Osteoporos. Int. 16, 319-324 (2005).
    • (2005) Osteoporos. Int. , vol.16 , pp. 319-324
    • Fahrleitner-Pammer, A.1
  • 18
    • 78650620177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of vitamin D status to cardiovascular risk factors and amputation risk in veterans with peripheral arterial disease
    • Gaddipati, V. C. et al. The relationship of vitamin D status to cardiovascular risk factors and amputation risk in veterans with peripheral arterial disease. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 12, 58-61 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. , vol.12 , pp. 58-61
    • Gaddipati, V.C.1
  • 19
    • 39849110494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat and fiber consumption are associated with peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of a Japanese-Brazilian population
    • Gimeno, S. G. et al. Fat and fiber consumption are associated with peripheral arterial disease in a cross-sectional study of a Japanese-Brazilian population. Circ. J. 72, 44-50 (2008).
    • (2008) Circ. J. , vol.72 , pp. 44-50
    • Gimeno, S.G.1
  • 20
    • 1542682343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between fruit and vegetable consumption and peripheral arterial disease
    • Hung, H. C. et al. The association between fruit and vegetable consumption and peripheral arterial disease. Epidemiology 14, 659-665 (2003).
    • (2003) Epidemiology , vol.14 , pp. 659-665
    • Hung, H.C.1
  • 21
    • 0026068814 scopus 로고
    • Diet and peripheral arterial occlusive disease: The role of poly-, mono-, and saturated fatty acids
    • Katsouyanni, K. et al. Diet and peripheral arterial occlusive disease: the role of poly-, mono-, and saturated fatty acids. Am. J. Epidemiol. 133, 24-31 (1991).
    • (1991) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.133 , pp. 24-31
    • Katsouyanni, K.1
  • 22
    • 56349169572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in cardiovascular diseases (from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004)
    • Kim, D. H., Sabour, S., Sagar, U. N., Adams, S., Whellan, D. J. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in cardiovascular diseases (from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004). Am. J. Cardiol. 102, 1540-1544 (2008).
    • (2008) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.102 , pp. 1540-1544
    • Kim, D.H.1    Sabour, S.2    Sagar, U.N.3    Adams, S.4    Whellan, D.J.5
  • 23
    • 0035879514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary antioxidants and peripheral arterial disease: The Rotterdam Study
    • Klipstein-Grobusch, K. et al. Dietary antioxidants and peripheral arterial disease: the Rotterdam Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 154, 145-149 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.154 , pp. 145-149
    • Klipstein-Grobusch, K.1
  • 24
    • 55149117086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition impacts the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in the United States
    • Lane, J. S. et al. Nutrition impacts the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in the United States. J. Vasc. Surg. 48, 897-904 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.48 , pp. 897-904
    • Lane, J.S.1
  • 25
    • 0028177432 scopus 로고
    • Plasma essential fatty acids, cigarette smoking, and dietary antioxidants in peripheral arterial disease. A population-based case-control study
    • Leng, G. C. et al. Plasma essential fatty acids, cigarette smoking, and dietary antioxidants in peripheral arterial disease. A population-based case-control study. Arterioscler. Thromb. 14, 471-478 (1994).
    • (1994) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.14 , pp. 471-478
    • Leng, G.C.1
  • 26
    • 44849087389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: Results from NHANES 2001 to 2004
    • Melamed, M. L. et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: results from NHANES 2001 to 2004. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28, 1179-1185 (2008).
    • (2008) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.28 , pp. 1179-1185
    • Melamed, M.L.1
  • 27
    • 0242576976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Dietary fiber reduces peripheral arterial disease risk in men
    • Merchant, A. T. et al. A. Dietary fiber reduces peripheral arterial disease risk in men. J. Nutr. 133, 3658-3663 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Nutr. , vol.133 , pp. 3658-3663
    • Merchant, A.T.1
  • 28
    • 0034018386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine and lipoprotein profile in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease
    • Rassoul, F. et al. Plasma homocysteine and lipoprotein profile in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Angiology 51, 189-196 (2000).
    • (2000) Angiology , vol.51 , pp. 189-196
    • Rassoul, F.1
  • 29
    • 57449103601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in vitamin D status as a possible contributor to the racial disparity in peripheral arterial disease
    • rd. Differences in vitamin D status as a possible contributor to the racial disparity in peripheral arterial disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 88, 1469-1477 (2008).
    • (2008) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.88 , pp. 1469-1477
    • Reis, J.P.1    Michos, E.D.2    Von Muhlen, D.3    Miller III, E.R.4
  • 30
    • 60649093092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T) gene and homocysteine levels: A comparison in Brazilian patients with coronary arterial disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral arterial obstructive disease
    • Sabino, A. et al. Polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T) gene and homocysteine levels: a comparison in Brazilian patients with coronary arterial disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral arterial obstructive disease. J. Thromb. Thrombolysis 27, 82-87 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Thromb. Thrombolysis , vol.27 , pp. 82-87
    • Sabino, A.1
  • 31
    • 0343628037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of diet, lifestyle, and intermittent claudication in male smokers
    • Tornwall, M. E. et al. Prospective study of diet, lifestyle, and intermittent claudication in male smokers. Am. J. Epidemiol. 151, 892-901 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.151 , pp. 892-901
    • Tornwall, M.E.1
  • 32
    • 79955962906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anaemia, iron and vitamin deficits in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Vega de Ceniga, M. et al. Anaemia, iron and vitamin deficits in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 41, 828-830 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. , vol.41 , pp. 828-830
    • Vega De Ceniga, M.1
  • 33
    • 1542346982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6 are independent predictors of peripheral arterial occlusive disease
    • 6 are independent predictors of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. J. Vasc. Surg. 39, 513-516 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.39 , pp. 513-516
    • Wilmink, A.B.1
  • 34
    • 79955846242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of homocysteine and folate metabolism. with special references to cardiovascular disease and neural tube defects
    • Blom, H. J. & Smulders, Y. Overview of homocysteine and folate metabolism. With special references to cardiovascular disease and neural tube defects. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 34, 75-81 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 75-81
    • Blom, H.J.1    Smulders, Y.2
  • 36
    • 77955610177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine, intracellular signaling and thrombotic disorders
    • Dionisio, N., Jardin, I., Salido, G. M. & Rosado, J. A. Homocysteine, intracellular signaling and thrombotic disorders. Curr. Med. Chem. 17, 3109-3119 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Med. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 3109-3119
    • Dionisio, N.1    Jardin, I.2    Salido, G.M.3    Rosado, J.A.4
  • 37
    • 18144447640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation on levels of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12 and on the risk of premature atherosclerosis
    • Verhoeff, B. J., Trip, M. D., Prins, M. H., Kastelein, J. J. & Reitsma, P. H. The effect of a common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation on levels of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12 and on the risk of premature atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 141, 161-166 (1998).
    • (1998) Atherosclerosis , vol.141 , pp. 161-166
    • Verhoeff, B.J.1    Trip, M.D.2    Prins, M.H.3    Kastelein, J.J.4    Reitsma, P.H.5
  • 38
    • 34249311991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and its association with coronary artery disease
    • Guerzoni, A. R. et al. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and its association with coronary artery disease. Sao Paulo Med. J. 125, 4-8 (2007).
    • (2007) Sao Paulo Med. J. , vol.125 , pp. 4-8
    • Guerzoni, A.R.1
  • 39
    • 0037164375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: Evidence on causality from a meta-analysis
    • Wald, D. S., Law, M. & Morris, J. K. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 325, 1202 (2002).
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.325 , pp. 1202
    • Wald, D.S.1    Law, M.2    Morris, J.K.3
  • 40
    • 0034185995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) genes and risks of peripheral arterial disease and coronary heart disease: Edinburgh Artery Study
    • Fowkes, F. G. et al. Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) genes and risks of peripheral arterial disease and coronary heart disease: Edinburgh Artery Study. Atherosclerosis 150, 179-185 (2000).
    • (2000) Atherosclerosis , vol.150 , pp. 179-185
    • Fowkes, F.G.1
  • 41
    • 27944440112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism 677C>T is associated with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes
    • Pollex, R. L. et al. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism 677C>T is associated with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 4, 17 (2005).
    • (2005) Cardiovasc. Diabetol. , vol.4 , pp. 17
    • Pollex, R.L.1
  • 42
    • 21644442147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism does not associate with susceptibility to abdominal aortic aneurysm
    • Jones, G. T, Harris, E. L, Phillips, L. V. & van Rij, A. M. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism does not associate with susceptibility to abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 30, 137-142 (2005).
    • (2005) Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. , vol.30 , pp. 137-142
    • Jones, G.T.1    Harris, E.L.2    Phillips, L.V.3    Van Rij, A.M.4
  • 43
    • 1542440251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine levels are associated with the severity of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients
    • Cice, E. et al. Homocysteine levels are associated with the severity of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients. J. Thromb. Haemost. 1, 2540-2547 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Thromb. Haemost. , vol.1 , pp. 2540-2547
    • Cice, E.1
  • 44
    • 61549129618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral arterial disease and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutations: A case-control study and meta-analysis
    • Khandanpour, N. et al. Peripheral arterial disease and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutations: a case-control study and meta-analysis. J. Vasc. Surg. 49, 711-718 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.49 , pp. 711-718
    • Khandanpour, N.1
  • 45
    • 18844456352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor v Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutations are not associated with chronic limb ischemia: The Linz Peripheral Arterial Disease (LIPAD) study
    • Mueller, T. et al. Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutations are not associated with chronic limb ischemia: the Linz Peripheral Arterial Disease (LIPAD) study. J. Vasc. Surg. 41, 808-815 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.41 , pp. 808-815
    • Mueller, T.1
  • 46
    • 80052500324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and in cysthationine ß synthase: Is there a link to homocysteine levels in peripheral arterial disease?
    • Santos, M. E. et al. Mutations in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and in cysthationine ß synthase: is there a link to homocysteine levels in peripheral arterial disease? Mol. Biol. Rep. 38, 3361-3366 (2010).
    • (2010) Mol. Biol. Rep. , vol.38 , pp. 3361-3366
    • Santos, M.E.1
  • 47
    • 20044363449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombophilic risk factors for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease
    • Sofi, F. et al. Thrombophilic risk factors for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. J. Vasc. Surg. 41, 255-260 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.41 , pp. 255-260
    • Sofi, F.1
  • 48
  • 49
    • 67650065294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A field synopsis and meta-analysis of genetic association studies n peripheral arterial disease: The CUMAGAS-PAD database
    • Zintzaras, E. & Zdoukopoulos, N. A field synopsis and meta-analysis of genetic association studies n peripheral arterial disease: The CUMAGAS-PAD database. Am. J. Epidemiol. 170, 1-11 (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.170 , pp. 1-11
    • Zintzaras, E.1    Zdoukopoulos, N.2
  • 50
    • 34247893803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of incident hypertension
    • Forman, J. P. et al. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of incident hypertension. Hypertension 49, 1063-1069 (2007).
    • (2007) Hypertension , vol.49 , pp. 1063-1069
    • Forman, J.P.1
  • 51
    • 45149090726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of myocardial infarction in men: A prospective study
    • Giovannucci, E., Liu, Y, Hollis, B. W. & Rimm, E. B. 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of myocardial infarction in men: a prospective study. Arch. Intern. Med. 168, 1174-1180 (2008).
    • (2008) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.168 , pp. 1174-1180
    • Giovannucci, E.1    Liu, Y.2    Hollis, B.W.3    Rimm, E.B.4
  • 52
    • 41049096380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Wang, T. J. et al. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 117, 503-511 (2008).
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 503-511
    • Wang, T.J.1
  • 53
    • 0036049531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism are common complications in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Fahrleitner, A. et al. Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism are common complications in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 17, 663-669 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Gen. Intern. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 663-669
    • Fahrleitner, A.1
  • 54
    • 79959993861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular calcification and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5
    • Garcia-Canton, C. et al. Vascular calcification and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 26, 2250-2256 (2011).
    • (2011) Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. , vol.26 , pp. 2250-2256
    • Garcia-Canton, C.1
  • 55
    • 80054109348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aortic stiffness and vitamin D are independent markers of aortic calcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease and in healthy subjects
    • Zagura, M. et al. Aortic stiffness and vitamin D are independent markers of aortic calcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease and in healthy subjects. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 42, 689-695 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. , vol.42 , pp. 689-695
    • Zagura, M.1
  • 56
    • 38349103679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evidence for dietary prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
    • Van Horn, L. et al. The evidence for dietary prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 108, 287-331 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Am. Diet. Assoc. , vol.108 , pp. 287-331
    • Van Horn, L.1
  • 57
    • 84858778026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mediterranean diet in secondary prevention of CHD
    • de Lorgeril, M. & Salen, P. Mediterranean diet in secondary prevention of CHD. Public Health Nutr. 14, 2333-2337 (2011).
    • (2011) Public Health Nutr. , vol.14 , pp. 2333-2337
    • De Lorgeril, M.1    Salen, P.2
  • 58
    • 38649096630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern on cardiovascular disease risk
    • Hardin-Fanning, F. The effects of a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern on cardiovascular disease risk. Nurs. Clin. North Am. 43, 105-115 (2008).
    • (2008) Nurs. Clin. North Am. , vol.43 , pp. 105-115
    • Hardin-Fanning, F.1
  • 59
    • 20444369582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6 and e increases pain-free walking distance and improves risk factors in men with peripheral vascular disease
    • 6 and E increases pain-free walking distance and improves risk factors in men with peripheral vascular disease. J. Nutr. 135, 1393-1399 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Nutr. , vol.135 , pp. 1393-1399
    • Carrero, J.J.1    Lopez-Huertas, E.2    Salmeron, L.M.3    Baro, L.4    Ros, E.5
  • 60
    • 77952576925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of niacin ER/lovastatin on claudication symptoms in patients with peripheral artery disease
    • Hiatt, W. R. et al. Effect of niacin ER/lovastatin on claudication symptoms in patients with peripheral artery disease. Vasc. Med. 15, 171-179 (2010).
    • (2010) Vasc. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 171-179
    • Hiatt, W.R.1
  • 61
    • 0032454852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of gamma-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in peripheral arterial disease
    • Leng, G. C. et al. Randomized controlled trial of gamma-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in peripheral arterial disease. Clin. Nutr. 17, 265-271 (1998).
    • (1998) Clin. Nutr. , vol.17 , pp. 265-271
    • Leng, G.C.1
  • 62
    • 34447644211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil induced increase in walking distance, but not ankle brachial pressure index, in peripheral arterial disease is dependent on both body mass index and inflammatory genotype
    • Madden, J. et al. Fish oil induced increase in walking distance, but not ankle brachial pressure index, in peripheral arterial disease is dependent on both body mass index and inflammatory genotype. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 76, 331-340 (2007).
    • (2007) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.76 , pp. 331-340
    • Madden, J.1
  • 63
    • 0034014593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional therapy for peripheral arterial disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of HeartBar
    • Maxwell, A. J., Anderson, B. E. & Cooke, J. P. Nutritional therapy for peripheral arterial disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of HeartBar. Vasc. Med. 5, 11-19 (2000).
    • (2000) Vasc. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 11-19
    • Maxwell, A.J.1    Anderson, B.E.2    Cooke, J.P.3
  • 64
    • 79952745060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended-release niacin/laropiprant lipid-altering consistency across patient subgroups
    • Bays, H. et al. Extended-release niacin/laropiprant lipid-altering consistency across patient subgroups. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 65, 436-445 (2011).
    • (2011) Int. J. Clin. Pract. , vol.65 , pp. 436-445
    • Bays, H.1
  • 65
    • 77956746999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDL and LDL as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease prevention: The possible role of niacin
    • Olsson, A. G. HDL and LDL as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease prevention: the possible role of niacin. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 20, 553-557 (2010).
    • (2010) Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. , vol.20 , pp. 553-557
    • Olsson, A.G.1
  • 66
    • 34447334222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-arginine supplementation in peripheral arterial disease: No benefit and possible harm
    • Wilson, A. M., Harada, R., Nair, N., Balasubramanian, N. & Cooke, J. P. L-arginine supplementation in peripheral arterial disease: no benefit and possible harm. Circulation 116, 188-195 (2007).
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 188-195
    • Wilson, A.M.1    Harada, R.2    Nair, N.3    Balasubramanian, N.4    Cooke, J.P.5
  • 67
    • 80051548654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary α-linolenic acid inhibits arterial thrombus formation, tissue factor expression, and platelet activation
    • Holy, E. W. et al. Dietary α-linolenic acid inhibits arterial thrombus formation, tissue factor expression, and platelet activation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 31, 1772-1780 (2011).
    • (2011) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.31 , pp. 1772-1780
    • Holy, E.W.1
  • 68
    • 44949125518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids for intermittent claudication
    • Art. No. CD003833. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003833.pub3
    • Sommerfield, T., Price, J. & Hiatt, W. R. Omega-3 fatty acids for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4. Art. No. CD003833. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003833.pub3 (2007).
    • (2007) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.4
    • Sommerfield, T.1    Price, J.2    Hiatt, W.R.3
  • 69
    • 79952036742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of n-3 fatty acids on endothelial function: Results from human interventions studies
    • Egert, S. & Stehle, P. Impact of n-3 fatty acids on endothelial function: results from human interventions studies. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 14, 121-131 (2011).
    • (2011) Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care , vol.14 , pp. 121-131
    • Egert, S.1    Stehle, P.2
  • 70
    • 49849100723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term influence of diet and/or omega-3 fatty acids on matrix metalloproteinase-9 and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in men at high risk of coronary heart disease
    • Furenes, E. B., Seljeflot, I., Solheim, S., Hjerkinn, E. M. & Arnesen, H. Long-term influence of diet and/or omega-3 fatty acids on matrix metalloproteinase-9 and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in men at high risk of coronary heart disease. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 68, 177-184 (2008).
    • (2008) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.68 , pp. 177-184
    • Furenes, E.B.1    Seljeflot, I.2    Solheim, S.3    Hjerkinn, E.M.4    Arnesen, H.5
  • 71
    • 16644363207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
    • Art. No. CD003177. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003117.pub2
    • Hooper, L. et al. Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, Issue 4. Art. No. CD003177. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003117.pub2 (2004).
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews , Issue.4
    • Hooper, L.1
  • 72
    • 1542330986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fatty acids, hemostasis, and cardiovascular disease risk
    • Lefevre, M., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Zhao, G. & Tracy, R. P. Dietary fatty acids, hemostasis, and cardiovascular disease risk. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 104, 410-419 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Am. Diet. Assoc. , vol.104 , pp. 410-419
    • Lefevre, M.1    Kris-Etherton, P.M.2    Zhao, G.3    Tracy, R.P.4
  • 73
    • 41349089494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in peripheral arterial disease: Effect on lipid pattern, disease severity, inflammation profile, and endothelial function
    • Schiano, V. et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in peripheral arterial disease: effect on lipid pattern, disease severity, inflammation profile, and endothelial function. Clin. Nutr. 27, 241-247 (2008).
    • (2008) Clin. Nutr. , vol.27 , pp. 241-247
    • Schiano, V.1
  • 74
    • 84856381935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do long-chain n-3 fatty acids reduce arterial stiffness? A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Pase, M. P., Grima, N. A. & Sarris, J. Do long-chain n-3 fatty acids reduce arterial stiffness? A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br. J. Nutr. 106, 974-980 (2011).
    • (2011) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.106 , pp. 974-980
    • Pase, M.P.1    Grima, N.A.2    Sarris, J.3
  • 75
    • 79960889884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of dietary flaxseed on improving symptoms of cardiovascular disease in patients with peripheral artery disease. Rationale and design of the FLAX-PAD randomized controlled trial. Contemp
    • Leyva, D. R. et al. The effect of dietary flaxseed on improving symptoms of cardiovascular disease in patients with peripheral artery disease. Rationale and design of the FLAX-PAD randomized controlled trial. Contemp. Clin. Trials 32, 724-730 (2011).
    • (2011) Clin. Trials , vol.32 , pp. 724-730
    • Leyva, D.R.1
  • 76
    • 0033809508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of niacin, warfarin, and antioxidant therapy on coagulation parameters in patients with peripheral arterial disease in the Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial (ADMIT)
    • Chesney, C. M. et al. Effect of niacin, warfarin, and antioxidant therapy on coagulation parameters in patients with peripheral arterial disease in the Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial (ADMIT). Am. Heart J. 140, 631-636 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. Heart J. , vol.140 , pp. 631-636
    • Chesney, C.M.1
  • 77
    • 34548454485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No influence of increased intake of orange and blackcurrant juices and dietary amounts of vitamin e on paraoxonase-1 activity in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Dalgard, C. et al. No influence of increased intake of orange and blackcurrant juices and dietary amounts of vitamin E on paraoxonase-1 activity in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Eur. J. Nutr. 46, 354-363 (2007).
    • (2007) Eur. J. Nutr. , vol.46 , pp. 354-363
    • Dalgard, C.1
  • 78
    • 67649443930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation with orange and blackcurrant juice, but not vitamin E, improves inflammatory markers in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Dalgard, C. et al. Supplementation with orange and blackcurrant juice, but not vitamin E, improves inflammatory markers in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Br. J. Nutr. 101, 263-269 (2009).
    • (2009) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.101 , pp. 263-269
    • Dalgard, C.1
  • 79
    • 69249128357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of folate supplementation in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Khandanpour, N. et al. Randomized clinical trial of folate supplementation in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Br. J. Surg. 96, 990-998 (2009).
    • (2009) Br. J. Surg. , vol.96 , pp. 990-998
    • Khandanpour, N.1
  • 80
    • 0032786509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normohomocysteinaemia and vitamin-treated hyperhomocysteinaemia are associated with similar risks of cardiovascular events in patients with premature peripheral arterial occlusive disease. A prospective cohort study
    • de Jong, S. C. et al. Normohomocysteinaemia and vitamin-treated hyperhomocysteinaemia are associated with similar risks of cardiovascular events in patients with premature peripheral arterial occlusive disease. A prospective cohort study. J. Intern. Med. 246, 87-96 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Intern. Med. , vol.246 , pp. 87-96
    • De Jong, S.C.1
  • 81
    • 57649219453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Niacin inhibits vascular oxidative stress, redox-sensitive genes, and monocyte adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells
    • Ganji, S. H., Qin, S., Zhang, L., Kamanna, V. S. & Kashyap, M. L. Niacin inhibits vascular oxidative stress, redox-sensitive genes, and monocyte adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 202, 68-75 (2009).
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.202 , pp. 68-75
    • Ganji, S.H.1    Qin, S.2    Zhang, L.3    Kamanna, V.S.4    Kashyap, M.L.5
  • 82
    • 79951683548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of niacin on atherosclerosis and vascular function
    • Ruparelia, N., Digby, J. E. & Choudhury, R. P. Effects of niacin on atherosclerosis and vascular function. Curr. Opin. Cardiol. 26, 66-70 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Opin. Cardiol. , vol.26 , pp. 66-70
    • Ruparelia, N.1    Digby, J.E.2    Choudhury, R.P.3
  • 83
    • 77951483195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that niacin inhibits acute vascular inflammation and improves endothelial dysfunction independent of changes in plasma lipids
    • Wu, B. J. et al. Evidence that niacin inhibits acute vascular inflammation and improves endothelial dysfunction independent of changes in plasma lipids. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 30, 968-975 (2010).
    • (2010) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.30 , pp. 968-975
    • Wu, B.J.1
  • 84
    • 0034644442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease: The ADMIT study: A randomized trial. Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial
    • Elam, M. B. et al. Effect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease: the ADMIT study: a randomized trial. Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial. JAMA 284, 1263-1270 (2000).
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1263-1270
    • Elam, M.B.1
  • 85
    • 0033765889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective and safe modification of multiple atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Garg, R. et al. Effective and safe modification of multiple atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Am. Heart J. 140, 792-803 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. Heart J. , vol.140 , pp. 792-803
    • Garg, R.1
  • 86
    • 0031659057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of niacin supplementation on fibrinogen levels in patients with peripheral vascular disease
    • Philipp, C. S., Cisar, L. A., Saidi, P. & Kostis, J. B. Effect of niacin supplementation on fibrinogen levels in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Am. J. Cardiol. 82, 697-699 (1998).
    • (1998) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.82 , pp. 697-699
    • Philipp, C.S.1    Cisar, L.A.2    Saidi, P.3    Kostis, J.B.4
  • 87
    • 67649643512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black tea consumption dose-dependently improves flow-mediated dilation in healthy males
    • Grassi, D. et al. Black tea consumption dose-dependently improves flow-mediated dilation in healthy males. J. Hypertens. 27, 774-781 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Hypertens. , vol.27 , pp. 774-781
    • Grassi, D.1
  • 88
    • 61949483632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selenium supplementation does not improve vascular responsiveness in healthy North American men
    • Hawkes, W. C. & Laslett, L. J. Selenium supplementation does not improve vascular responsiveness in healthy North American men. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 296, H256-H262 (2009).
    • (2009) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.296
    • Hawkes, W.C.1    Laslett, L.J.2
  • 89
    • 0345411653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on symptoms and progression of intermittent claudication in a controlled trial
    • Tornwall, M. E. et al. The effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on symptoms and progression of intermittent claudication in a controlled trial. Atherosclerosis 147, 193-197 (1999).
    • (1999) Atherosclerosis , vol.147 , pp. 193-197
    • Tornwall, M.E.1
  • 90
    • 0027477253 scopus 로고
    • β-carotene uptake into atherosclerotic plaque: Enhanced staining and preferential ablation with the pulsed dye laser
    • Mitchell, D. C., Prince, M. R., Frisoli, J. K., Smith, R. E. & Wood, R. F. β-carotene uptake into atherosclerotic plaque: enhanced staining and preferential ablation with the pulsed dye laser. Lasers Surg. Med. 13, 149-157 (1993).
    • (1993) Lasers Surg. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 149-157
    • Mitchell, D.C.1    Prince, M.R.2    Frisoli, J.K.3    Smith, R.E.4    Wood, R.F.5
  • 91
    • 34848894561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of obesity in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Giusti, V. Management of obesity in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 34, 576-582 (2007).
    • (2007) Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. , vol.34 , pp. 576-582
    • Giusti, V.1
  • 92
    • 78650663578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation, adiponectin, obesity and cardiovascular risk
    • Mangge, H. et al. Inflammation, adiponectin, obesity and cardiovascular risk. Curr. Med. Chem. 17, 4511-4520 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Med. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 4511-4520
    • Mangge, H.1
  • 93
    • 77953540239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary heart disease and body fat distribution
    • Canoy, D. Coronary heart disease and body fat distribution. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 12, 125-133 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. , vol.12 , pp. 125-133
    • Canoy, D.1
  • 94
    • 17644417472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, regional body fat distribution, and the metabolic syndrome in older men and women
    • Goodpaster, B. H. et al. Obesity, regional body fat distribution, and the metabolic syndrome in older men and women. Arch. Intern. Med. 165, 777-783 (2005).
    • (2005) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.165 , pp. 777-783
    • Goodpaster, B.H.1
  • 95
    • 33846798217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between obesity and several cardiovascular disease risk factors in apparently healthy Korean individuals: Comparison of body mass index and waist circumference
    • Sung, K. C., Ryu, S. & Reaven, G. M. Relationship between obesity and several cardiovascular disease risk factors in apparently healthy Korean individuals: comparison of body mass index and waist circumference. Metabolism 56, 297-303 (2007).
    • (2007) Metabolism , vol.56 , pp. 297-303
    • Sung, K.C.1    Ryu, S.2    Reaven, G.M.3
  • 96
    • 21944452579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of adiposity in the identification of metabolic abnormalities in elderly men
    • Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., Morris, R. W. & Whincup, P. H. Measures of adiposity in the identification of metabolic abnormalities in elderly men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81, 1313-1321 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.81 , pp. 1313-1321
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Morris, R.W.3    Whincup, P.H.4
  • 97
    • 19044393872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease
    • Berg, A. H. & Scherer, P. E. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circ. Res. 96, 939-949 (2005).
    • (2005) Circ. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 939-949
    • Berg, A.H.1    Scherer, P.E.2
  • 98
    • 33751208889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and cardiovascular risk in elderly women
    • Cabrera, M. A. et al. Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and cardiovascular risk in elderly women. Int. J. Cardiol. 114, 224-229 (2007).
    • (2007) Int. J. Cardiol. , vol.114 , pp. 224-229
    • Cabrera, M.A.1
  • 99
    • 13544253065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome: A clinical and molecular perspective
    • Moller, D. E. & Kaufman, K. D. Metabolic syndrome: a clinical and molecular perspective. Annu. Rev. Med. 56, 45-62 (2005).
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Med. , vol.56 , pp. 45-62
    • Moller, D.E.1    Kaufman, K.D.2
  • 100
    • 34047266814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The link between abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease
    • Ritchie, S. A. & Connell, J. M. The link between abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 17, 319-326 (2007).
    • (2007) Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. , vol.17 , pp. 319-326
    • Ritchie, S.A.1    Connell, J.M.2
  • 101
    • 33846702435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abdominal obesity, waist circumference and cardio-metabolic risk: Awareness among primary care physicians, the general population and patients at risk-the Shape of the Nations survey
    • Smith, S. C. Jr & Haslam, D. Abdominal obesity, waist circumference and cardio-metabolic risk: awareness among primary care physicians, the general population and patients at risk-the Shape of the Nations survey. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 23, 29-47 (2007).
    • (2007) Curr. Med. Res. Opin. , vol.23 , pp. 29-47
    • Smith Jr., S.C.1    Haslam, D.2
  • 102
    • 78650527022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes:0.5 could be a suitable global boundary value
    • Browning, L. M., Hsieh, S. D. & Ashwell, M. A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes:0.5 could be a suitable global boundary value. Nutr. Res. Rev. 23, 247-269 (2010).
    • (2010) Nutr. Res. Rev. , vol.23 , pp. 247-269
    • Browning, L.M.1    Hsieh, S.D.2    Ashwell, M.3
  • 103
    • 59749092615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity decreases time to claudication and delays post-exercise hemodynamic recovery in elderly peripheral arterial disease patients
    • Dias, R. M. et al. Obesity decreases time to claudication and delays post-exercise hemodynamic recovery in elderly peripheral arterial disease patients. Gerontology 55, 21-26 (2009).
    • (2009) Gerontology , vol.55 , pp. 21-26
    • Dias, R.M.1
  • 104
    • 55849118808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The obesity paradox in patients with peripheral arterial disease
    • Galal, W. et al. The obesity paradox in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Chest 134, 925-930 (2008).
    • (2008) Chest , vol.134 , pp. 925-930
    • Galal, W.1
  • 105
    • 77952557441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maladaptive enlargement of the brachial artery in severe obesity is reversed with weight loss
    • Hamburg, N. M. et al. Maladaptive enlargement of the brachial artery in severe obesity is reversed with weight loss. Vasc. Med. 15, 215-222 (2010).
    • (2010) Vasc. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 215-222
    • Hamburg, N.M.1
  • 106
    • 0031708098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and cardiovascular diseases associated with asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The Limburg PAOD Study. Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease
    • Hooi, J. D. et al. Risk factors and cardiovascular diseases associated with asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The Limburg PAOD Study. Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease. Scand. J. Prim. Health Care 16, 177-182 (1998).
    • (1998) Scand. J. Prim. Health Care , vol.16 , pp. 177-182
    • Hooi, J.D.1
  • 107
    • 80054908042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of body mass index with peripheral arterial disease in older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Ix, J. H. et al. Association of body mass index with peripheral arterial disease in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 174, 1036-1043 (2011).
    • (2011) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.174 , pp. 1036-1043
    • Ix, J.H.1
  • 108
    • 77953687781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of the obesity paradox and chronic kidney disease on long-term survival in a Japanese cohort with peripheral arterial disease
    • Kumakura, H. et al. The influence of the obesity paradox and chronic kidney disease on long-term survival in a Japanese cohort with peripheral arterial disease. J. Vasc. Surg. 52, 110-117 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.52 , pp. 110-117
    • Kumakura, H.1
  • 109
    • 33744807994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, weight change, and functional decline in peripheral arterial disease
    • McDermott, M. M. et al. Obesity, weight change, and functional decline in peripheral arterial disease. J. Vasc. Surg. 43, 1198-1204 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.43 , pp. 1198-1204
    • McDermott, M.M.1
  • 110
    • 77957354898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periaortic fat deposition is associated with peripheral arterial disease: The Framingham heart study
    • Fox, C. S. et al. Periaortic fat deposition is associated with peripheral arterial disease: the Framingham heart study. Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging 3, 515-519 (2010).
    • (2010) Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging , vol.3 , pp. 515-519
    • Fox, C.S.1
  • 111
    • 44449083695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of metabolic syndrome components on exercise performance in patients with intermittent claudication
    • Gardner, A. W. & Montgomery, P. S. The effect of metabolic syndrome components on exercise performance in patients with intermittent claudication. J. Vasc. Surg. 47, 1251-1258 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.47 , pp. 1251-1258
    • Gardner, A.W.1    Montgomery, P.S.2
  • 112
    • 77952237783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting energy expenditure in patients with intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia
    • Gardner, A. W. & Montgomery, P. S. Resting energy expenditure in patients with intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia. J. Vasc. Surg. 51, 1436-1441 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.51 , pp. 1436-1441
    • Gardner, A.W.1    Montgomery, P.S.2
  • 113
    • 76749167413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prognostic impact of general and abdominal obesity in peripheral arterial disease
    • Giugliano, G. et al. The prognostic impact of general and abdominal obesity in peripheral arterial disease. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 34, 280-286 (2010).
    • (2010) Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) , vol.34 , pp. 280-286
    • Giugliano, G.1
  • 114
    • 78751580575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and fat distribution as predictors of aortoiliac peripheral arterial disease in middle-aged men
    • Jakovljevic, B. et al. Obesity and fat distribution as predictors of aortoiliac peripheral arterial disease in middle-aged men. Eur. J. Intern. Med. 22, 84-88 (2011).
    • (2011) Eur. J. Intern. Med. , vol.22 , pp. 84-88
    • Jakovljevic, B.1
  • 115
    • 35948973604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma adiponectin is associated with ankle-brachial index in patients on haemodialysis
    • Lim, P. S., Hu, C. Y., Wu, M. Y., Wu, T. K. & Chang, H. C. Plasma adiponectin is associated with ankle-brachial index in patients on haemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 12, 546-552 (2007).
    • (2007) Nephrology (Carlton) , vol.12 , pp. 546-552
    • Lim, P.S.1    Hu, C.Y.2    Wu, M.Y.3    Wu, T.K.4    Chang, H.C.5
  • 116
    • 58849108280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors associated with peripheral arterial disease in the Hearts of Brazil Project
    • Makdisse, M. et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with peripheral arterial disease in the Hearts of Brazil Project. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 91, 370-382 (2008).
    • (2008) Arq. Bras. Cardiol. , vol.91 , pp. 370-382
    • Makdisse, M.1
  • 117
    • 0034968097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of obesity distribution and peripheral arterial occlusive disease in elderly men
    • Planas, A. et al. Relationship of obesity distribution and peripheral arterial occlusive disease in elderly men. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 25, 1068-1070 (2001).
    • (2001) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. , vol.25 , pp. 1068-1070
    • Planas, A.1
  • 118
    • 79957996068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic health, obesity and 9-year incidence of peripheral arterial disease: The D.E.S.I.R. study
    • Skilton, M. R. et al. Metabolic health, obesity and 9-year incidence of peripheral arterial disease: the D.E.S.I.R. study. Atherosclerosis 216, 471-476 (2011).
    • (2011) Atherosclerosis , vol.216 , pp. 471-476
    • Skilton, M.R.1
  • 119
    • 33845973775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of obesity and metabolic syndrome with the severity and outcome of intermittent claudication
    • Golledge, J. et al. Association of obesity and metabolic syndrome with the severity and outcome of intermittent claudication. J. Vasc. Surg. 45, 40-46 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.45 , pp. 40-46
    • Golledge, J.1
  • 120
    • 65549109680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and cardiovascular disease: Risk factor, paradox, and impact of weight loss
    • Lavie, C. J., Milani, R. V. & Ventura, H. O. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: risk factor, paradox, and impact of weight loss. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53, 1925-1932 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.53 , pp. 1925-1932
    • Lavie, C.J.1    Milani, R.V.2    Ventura, H.O.3
  • 121
    • 39449135695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of atherothrombotic disease and the effectiveness and risks of antiplatelet therapy: Race and ethnicity considerations
    • Saunders, E. & Ofili, E. Epidemiology of atherothrombotic disease and the effectiveness and risks of antiplatelet therapy: race and ethnicity considerations. Cardiol. Rev. 16, 82-88 (2008).
    • (2008) Cardiol. Rev. , vol.16 , pp. 82-88
    • Saunders, E.1    Ofili, E.2
  • 122
    • 44649179336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel cardiovascular risk factors do not completely explain the higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease among African Americans. The San Diego Population Study
    • Ix, J. H., Allison, M. A., Denenberg, J. O., Cushman, M. & Criqui, M. H. Novel cardiovascular risk factors do not completely explain the higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease among African Americans. The San Diego Population Study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51, 2347-2354 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.51 , pp. 2347-2354
    • Ix, J.H.1    Allison, M.A.2    Denenberg, J.O.3    Cushman, M.4    Criqui, M.H.5
  • 123
    • 77957811290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic ancestry and lower extremity peripheral artery disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
    • Allison, M. A. et al. Genetic ancestry and lower extremity peripheral artery disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Vasc. Med. 15, 351-359 (2010).
    • (2010) Vasc. Med. , vol.15 , pp. 351-359
    • Allison, M.A.1
  • 124
    • 33748424292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of novel cardiovascular risk factors on the ethnic-specific odds for peripheral arterial disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
    • Allison, M. A. et al. The effect of novel cardiovascular risk factors on the ethnic-specific odds for peripheral arterial disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 48, 1190-1197 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.48 , pp. 1190-1197
    • Allison, M.A.1
  • 125
    • 27444446660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and peripheral arterial disease: The San Diego Population Study
    • Criqui, M. H. et al. Ethnicity and peripheral arterial disease: the San Diego Population Study. Circulation 112, 2703-2707 (2005).
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 2703-2707
    • Criqui, M.H.1
  • 126
    • 34249938828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of novel risk factors with the ankle brachial index in African American and non-Hispanic white populations
    • Khawaja, F. J. et al. Association of novel risk factors with the ankle brachial index in African American and non-Hispanic white populations. Mayo Clin. Proc. 82, 709-716 (2007).
    • (2007) Mayo Clin. Proc. , vol.82 , pp. 709-716
    • Khawaja, F.J.1
  • 127
    • 77958452526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in black-white health disparities in the United States
    • Grant, W. B. & Peiris, A. N. Possible role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in black-white health disparities in the United States. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 11, 617-628 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. , vol.11 , pp. 617-628
    • Grant, W.B.1    Peiris, A.N.2
  • 128
    • 34247266582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence the cutaneous synthesis and dietary sources of vitamin D
    • Chen, T. C. et al. Factors that influence the cutaneous synthesis and dietary sources of vitamin D. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 460, 213-217 (2007).
    • (2007) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.460 , pp. 213-217
    • Chen, T.C.1
  • 130
    • 57949084051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost per day of patency: Understanding the impact of patency and reintervention in a sustainable model of healthcare
    • Stoner, M. C. et al. Cost per day of patency: understanding the impact of patency and reintervention in a sustainable model of healthcare. J. Vasc. Surg. 48, 1489-1496 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.48 , pp. 1489-1496
    • Stoner, M.C.1
  • 131
    • 47249099327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment for peripheral arterial obstructive disease: An appraisal of the economic outcome of complications
    • Flu, H. et al. Treatment for peripheral arterial obstructive disease: an appraisal of the economic outcome of complications. J. Vasc. Surg. 48, 368-376 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Vasc. Surg. , vol.48 , pp. 368-376
    • Flu, H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.