메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 222, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 237-245

α2-and β-adrenoceptors involvement in nortriptyline modulation of auditory sustained attention and impulsivity

Author keywords

Alpha 2 adrenoceptors; Auditory; Beta adrenoceptors; Impulsivity; Norepinephrine; Nortriptyline; Operant chamber; Rat; Response latency; Sustained attention

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; NORTRIPTYLINE; PRAZOSIN; PROPRANOLOL; YOHIMBINE;

EID: 84864492354     PISSN: 00333158     EISSN: 14322072     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2635-y     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (63)
  • 2
    • 0031969786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and subcellular sites for noradrenergic action in the monkey dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as revealed by the immunocytochemical localization of noradrenergic receptors and axons
    • Aoki C, Venkatesan C, Go CG, Forman R, Kurose H (1998) Cellular and subcellular sites for noradrenergic action in the monkey dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as revealed by the immunocytochemical localization of noradrenergic receptors and axons. Cereb Cortex 8:266-277
    • (1998) Cereb Cortex , vol.8 , pp. 266-277
    • Aoki, C.1    Venkatesan, C.2    Go, C.G.3    Forman, R.4    Kurose, H.5
  • 3
    • 0032212956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortical cognitive function
    • Arnsten AF (1998) Catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortical cognitive function. Trends Cogn Sci 2: 436-47
    • (1998) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.2 , pp. 436-447
    • Arnsten, A.F.1
  • 4
    • 0021252686 scopus 로고
    • Selective prefrontal cortical projections to the region of the locus coeruleus and raphe nuclei in the rhesus monkey
    • Arnsten AFT, Goldman-Rakic PS (1984) Selective prefrontal cortical projections to the region of the locus coeruleus and raphe nuclei in the rhesus monkey. Brain Res 306:9-18
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.306 , pp. 9-18
    • Arnsten, A.F.T.1    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.2
  • 5
    • 0022273977 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamines and cognitive decline in aged nonhuman primates
    • Arnsten AFT, Goldman-Rakic PS (1985) Catecholamines and cognitive decline in aged nonhuman primates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 444:218-234
    • (1985) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.444 , pp. 218-234
    • Arnsten, A.F.T.1    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.2
  • 6
    • 20444425251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of executive functions: Catecholamine influences of prefrontal cortical functions
    • Arnsten AFT, Li BM (2005) Neurobiology of executive functions: Catecholamine influences of prefrontal cortical functions. Biol Psychiatry 57:1377-1384
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 1377-1384
    • Arnsten, A.F.T.1    Li, B.M.2
  • 7
    • 0029924275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of a2- noradrenergic mechanisms to prefrontal cortical cognitive function
    • Arnsten AF, Steere JC, Hunt RD (1996) The contribution of a2- noradrenergic mechanisms to prefrontal cortical cognitive function. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53:448-455
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 448-455
    • Arnsten, A.F.1    Steere, J.C.2    Hunt, R.D.3
  • 8
    • 0033232478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of locus coeruleus in attention and behavioral flexibility
    • Aston-Jones G, Rajkowski J, Cohen J (1999) Role of locus coeruleus in attention and behavioral flexibility. Biol Psychiatry 46:1309-1320
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1309-1320
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 9
    • 63049087517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus and regulation of behavioral flexibility and attention: Clinical implications
    • Ordway GA, Schwartz MA, Frazer A (eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Aston-Jones G, Iba M, Clayton E, Rajkowski J, Cohen J (2007) The locus coeruleus and regulation of behavioral flexibility and attention: Clinical implications. In: Ordway GA, Schwartz MA, Frazer A (eds) Brain norepinephrine: Neurobiology and therapeutics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 196-235
    • (2007) Brain Norepinephrine: Neurobiology and Therapeutics , pp. 196-235
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Iba, M.2    Clayton, E.3    Rajkowski, J.4    Cohen, J.5
  • 10
    • 0030638716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD
    • Barkley RA (1997) Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychol Bull 121:65-94
    • (1997) Psychol Bull , vol.121 , pp. 65-94
    • Barkley, R.A.1
  • 11
    • 0037381980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: Modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes
    • Berridge CW, Waterhouse BD (2003) The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: Modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 42:33-84
    • (2003) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.42 , pp. 33-84
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Waterhouse, B.D.2
  • 12
    • 0033232482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a noradrenergic disorder
    • Biederman J, Spencer T (1999) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a noradrenergic disorder. Biol Psychiatry 46:1234-1242
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1234-1242
    • Biederman, J.1    Spencer, T.2
  • 13
    • 47249118841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal mechanisms underlying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The influence of arousal on prefrontal cortical function
    • Brennan AR, Arnsten AFT (2008) Neuronal mechanisms underlying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The influence of arousal on prefrontal cortical function. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:236-245
    • (2008) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1129 , pp. 236-245
    • Brennan, A.R.1    Arnsten, A.F.T.2
  • 14
    • 33747297582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The a2C-adrenergic receptor mediates hyperactivity of coloboma mice, a model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (2006)
    • Bruno KJ, Hess EJ (2006) The a2C-adrenergic receptor mediates hyperactivity of coloboma mice, a model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (2006). Neurobiol Dis 23:679-688
    • (2006) Neurobiol Dis , vol.23 , pp. 679-688
    • Bruno, K.J.1    Hess, E.J.2
  • 15
    • 0031880184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral approaches to the assessment of attention in animals
    • Bushnell PJ (1998) Behavioral approaches to the assessment of attention in animals. Psychopharmacology 138:231-259
    • (1998) Psychopharmacology , vol.138 , pp. 231-259
    • Bushnell, P.J.1
  • 16
    • 0020502372 scopus 로고
    • Effects of lesions to ascending noradrenergic neurons on performance of a 5-choice serial reaction task in rats; implications for theories of dorsal noradrenergic bundle function based on selective attention and arousal
    • Carli M, Robbins TW, Evenden JL, Everitt BJ (1983) Effects of lesions to ascending noradrenergic neurons on performance of a 5-choice serial reaction task in rats; implications for theories of dorsal noradrenergic bundle function based on selective attention and arousal. Behav Brain Res 9:361-380
    • (1983) Behav Brain Res , vol.9 , pp. 361-380
    • Carli, M.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Evenden, J.L.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 17
    • 0022654557 scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent impairment in the performance of a go-no go successive discrimination by chlordiazepoxide
    • Cole SO, Michaleski A (1986) Dose-dependent impairment in the performance of a go-no go successive discrimination by chlordiazepoxide. Psychopharmacology 88:184-186
    • (1986) Psychopharmacology , vol.88 , pp. 184-186
    • Cole, S.O.1    Michaleski, A.2
  • 19
    • 0001989283 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system: Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons
    • Dahlström A, Fuxe K (1964) Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system: Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl 232:1-55
    • (1964) Acta Physiol Scand Suppl , vol.232 , pp. 1-55
    • Dahlström, A.1    Fuxe, K.2
  • 20
    • 8844286003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal executive and cognitive functions in rodents: Neural and neurochemical substrates
    • Dalley JW, Cardinal RN, Robbins TW (2004) Prefrontal executive and cognitive functions in rodents: Neural and neurochemical substrates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 28:771-784
    • (2004) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.28 , pp. 771-784
    • Dalley, J.W.1    Cardinal, R.N.2    Robbins, T.W.3
  • 21
    • 0036019546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential modulation of efficiency in a food-rewarded "differential reinforcement of low-rate" 72-s schedule in rats by norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors
    • Dekeyne A, Gobert A, Auclair A, Girardon S, Millan MJ (2002) Differential modulation of efficiency in a food-rewarded "differential reinforcement of low-rate" 72-s schedule in rats by norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Psychopharmacology 162:156-167
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.162 , pp. 156-167
    • Dekeyne, A.1    Gobert, A.2    Auclair, A.3    Girardon, S.4    Millan, M.J.5
  • 22
    • 79958115602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of dopamine and noradrenaline in the pathophysiology and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • del Campo N, Chamberlain SR, Sahakian BR, Robbins TW (2011) The roles of dopamine and noradrenaline in the pathophysiology and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 69:145-157
    • (2011) Biol Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 145-157
    • Del Campo, N.1    Chamberlain, S.R.2    Sahakian, B.R.3    Robbins, T.W.4
  • 23
    • 33751176908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose methylphenidate actions on tonic and phasic locus coeruleus discharge
    • Devilbiss DM, Berridge CW (2006) Low-dose methylphenidate actions on tonic and phasic locus coeruleus discharge. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 319:1327-1335
    • (2006) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.319 , pp. 1327-1335
    • Devilbiss, D.M.1    Berridge, C.W.2
  • 24
    • 77950116598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propranolol use in the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in military veterans: Forgetting therapy revisited
    • Donovan E (2010) Propranolol use in the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in military veterans: Forgetting therapy revisited. Perspect Biol Med 53:61-74
    • (2010) Perspect Biol Med , vol.53 , pp. 61-74
    • Donovan, E.1
  • 25
    • 0021284443 scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system
    • Dubocovich ML (1984) Presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci 430:7-25
    • (1984) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.430 , pp. 7-25
    • Dubocovich, M.L.1
  • 26
    • 34848818755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential reductions in acoustic startle document the discrimination of speech sounds in rats
    • Floody OR, Kilgard MP (2007) Differential reductions in acoustic startle document the discrimination of speech sounds in rats. J Acoust Soc Am 122:1884-1887
    • (2007) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.122 , pp. 1884-1887
    • Floody, O.R.1    Kilgard, M.P.2
  • 27
    • 0031931947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The a2a noradrenergic agonist, guanfacine, improves delayed response performance in young adult rhesus monkeys
    • Franowicz JS, Arnsten AFT (1998) The a2a noradrenergic agonist, guanfacine, improves delayed response performance in young adult rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology 136:8-14
    • (1998) Psychopharmacology , vol.136 , pp. 8-14
    • Franowicz, J.S.1    Arnsten, A.F.T.2
  • 28
    • 0034948744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors: Prediction of clinical effects and in vitro potencies
    • Frazer A (2001) Serotonergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors: Prediction of clinical effects and in vitro potencies. J Clin Psychiatry 12:16-23
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 16-23
    • Frazer, A.1
  • 29
    • 77956971527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate and atomoxetine enhance prefrontal function through a2-adrenergic and dopamine D1 receptors
    • Gamo NJ, Wang M, Arnsten AF (2010) Methylphenidate and atomoxetine enhance prefrontal function through a2-adrenergic and dopamine D1 receptors. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49:1011-1023
    • (2010) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 1011-1023
    • Gamo, N.J.1    Wang, M.2    Arnsten, A.F.3
  • 30
    • 0023784995 scopus 로고
    • Effects of naltrexone, d-amphetamine, and their interaction on the stimulus control of choice behavior of rats
    • Grilly DM, Gowans GC (1988) Effects of naltrexone, d-amphetamine, and their interaction on the stimulus control of choice behavior of rats. Psychopharmacology 96:73-80
    • (1988) Psychopharmacology , vol.96 , pp. 73-80
    • Grilly, D.M.1    Gowans, G.C.2
  • 31
    • 0030669456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effects of a specific a2-adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, on a1-and a2- adrenoceptor subtype binding, brain neurochemistry and behaviour in comparison with yohimbine
    • Haapalinna A, Viitamaa T, MacDonald E, Savola JM, Tuomisto L, Virtanen R, Heinonen E (1997) Evaluation of the effects of a specific a2-adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, on a1-and a2- adrenoceptor subtype binding, brain neurochemistry and behaviour in comparison with yohimbine. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 356:570-582
    • (1997) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.356 , pp. 570-582
    • Haapalinna, A.1    Viitamaa, T.2    MacDonald, E.3    Savola, J.M.4    Tuomisto, L.5    Virtanen, R.6    Heinonen, E.7
  • 32
    • 44649139827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives from microdialysis studies in freely-moving, spontaneously hypertensive rats on the pharmacology of drugs for the treatment of ADHD
    • Heal DJ, Smith SL, Kulkarni RS, Rowley HL (2008) New perspectives from microdialysis studies in freely-moving, spontaneously hypertensive rats on the pharmacology of drugs for the treatment of ADHD. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 90:184-197
    • (2008) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.90 , pp. 184-197
    • Heal, D.J.1    Smith, S.L.2    Kulkarni, R.S.3    Rowley, H.L.4
  • 33
    • 0030798727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of locus coeruleus by prefrontal cortex by excitatory amino acid inputs
    • Jodo E, Aston-Jones G (1997) Activation of locus coeruleus by prefrontal cortex by excitatory amino acid inputs. Brain Res 768:327-332
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.768 , pp. 327-332
    • Jodo, E.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 34
    • 0242669265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of 5-HT2 receptor agonist induced impulsive responding in a 5-choice serial reaction time task
    • Koskinen T, Haapalinna A, Sirvif J (2003) a-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of 5-HT2 receptor agonist induced impulsive responding in a 5-choice serial reaction time task. Pharmacol Toxicol 92:214-225
    • (2003) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.92 , pp. 214-225
    • Koskinen, T.1    Haapalinna, A.2    Sirviö, J.3
  • 35
    • 0028169105 scopus 로고
    • Delayed-response deficit induced by local injection of the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist yohimbine into the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young adult monkeys
    • Li BM, Mei ZT (1994) Delayed-response deficit induced by local injection of the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist yohimbine into the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young adult monkeys. Behav Neural Biol 62:134-139
    • (1994) Behav Neural Biol , vol.62 , pp. 134-139
    • Li, B.M.1    Mei, Z.T.2
  • 36
    • 69949133042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha adrenergic modulation on effects of norepinephrine transporter inhibitor reboxetine in five-choice serial reaction time task
    • Liu YP, Lin YL, Chuang CH, Kao YT, Chang ST, Tung CS (2009) Alpha adrenergic modulation on effects of norepinephrine transporter inhibitor reboxetine in five-choice serial reaction time task. J Biomed Sci 16:72-83
    • (2009) J Biomed Sci , vol.16 , pp. 72-83
    • Liu, Y.P.1    Lin, Y.L.2    Chuang, C.H.3    Kao, Y.T.4    Chang, S.T.5    Tung, C.S.6
  • 37
    • 0032924628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological performance of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Diagnostic classification of estimates for measures of frontal lobe/executive functioning
    • Lovejoy DW, Ball JD, Keats M, Stutts ML, Spain EH, Janda L, Janusz J (1999) Neuropsychological performance of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Diagnostic classification of estimates for measures of frontal lobe/executive functioning. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 5:222-233
    • (1999) J Int Neuropsychol Soc , vol.5 , pp. 222-233
    • Lovejoy, D.W.1    Ball, J.D.2    Keats, M.3    Stutts, M.L.4    Spain, E.H.5    Janda, L.6    Janusz, J.7
  • 38
    • 0028815299 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral vigilance in rats: Task validation and effects of age, amphetamine, and benzodiazepine receptor ligands
    • McGaughy J, Sarter M (1995) Behavioral vigilance in rats: Task validation and effects of age, amphetamine, and benzodiazepine receptor ligands. Psychopharmacology 117:340-357
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.117 , pp. 340-357
    • McGaughy, J.1    Sarter, M.2
  • 39
    • 84864452684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tricyclic antidepressants
    • Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH (eds). Oxford University Press, New York
    • Merriam AE (2000) Tricyclic antidepressants. In: Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH (eds) Experimental and clinical neurotoxicology. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 1203-1206
    • (2000) Experimental and Clinical Neurotoxicology , pp. 1203-1206
    • Merriam, A.E.1
  • 40
    • 33845361644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective depletion of cortical noradrenaline by antidopamine beta-hydroxylase-saporin impairs attentional function and enhances the effects of guanfacine in the rat
    • Milstein JA, Lehmann O, Theobald DE, Dalley JW, Robbins TW (2007) Selective depletion of cortical noradrenaline by antidopamine beta-hydroxylase-saporin impairs attentional function and enhances the effects of guanfacine in the rat. Psychopharmacology 190:51-63
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology , vol.190 , pp. 51-63
    • Milstein, J.A.1    Lehmann, O.2    Theobald, D.E.3    Dalley, J.W.4    Robbins, T.W.5
  • 41
    • 77953043904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate-induced impulsivity: Pharmacological antagonism by β-adrenoceptor blockade
    • Milstein JA, Dalley JW, Robbins TW (2008) Methylphenidate-induced impulsivity: Pharmacological antagonism by β-adrenoceptor blockade. J Psychopharmacol 24:309-321
    • (2008) J Psychopharmacol , vol.24 , pp. 309-321
    • Milstein, J.A.1    Dalley, J.W.2    Robbins, T.W.3
  • 42
    • 0034958982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nosology of disorders of attention. In
    • Wasserstein J, Wolf LE, Lefever FF (eds). The New York Academy of Sciences, New York
    • Mirsky AF, Duncan CC (2001) A nosology of disorders of attention. In: Wasserstein J, Wolf LE, Lefever FF (eds) Adult attention deficit disorder: Brain mechanisms and life outcomes. The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, pp 17-32
    • (2001) Adult Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Mechanisms and Life Outcomes , pp. 17-32
    • Mirsky, A.F.1    Duncan, C.C.2
  • 45
    • 0020664669 scopus 로고
    • Differential-reinforcement-of-lowrate 72-second schedule: Selective effects of antidepressant drugs
    • O'Donnell JM, Seiden LS (1983) Differential-reinforcement-of-lowrate 72-second schedule: Selective effects of antidepressant drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 224:80-88
    • (1983) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.224 , pp. 80-88
    • O'Donnell, J.M.1    Seiden, L.S.2
  • 46
    • 84856683412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the improvement of inhibitory response control and visuospatial attention by indirect and direct adrenoceptor agonists
    • Pattij T, Schetters D, Schoffelmeer AN, van Gaalen MM (2011) On the improvement of inhibitory response control and visuospatial attention by indirect and direct adrenoceptor agonists. Psychopharmacology 219:327-420
    • (2011) Psychopharmacology , vol.219 , pp. 327-420
    • Pattij, T.1    Schetters, D.2    Schoffelmeer, A.N.3    Van Gaalen, M.M.4
  • 48
    • 0030030977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catecholamines in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders: Current perspectives
    • Pliszka SR, McCracken JT, Maas JW (1996) Catecholamines in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders: Current perspectives. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35:264-272
    • (1996) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 264-272
    • Pliszka, S.R.1    McCracken, J.T.2    Maas, J.W.3
  • 50
    • 33847631254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: Focus on the prefrontal cortex
    • Ramos BP, Arnsten AFT (2007) Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: Focus on the prefrontal cortex. Pharmacol Ther 113:523-536
    • (2007) Pharmacol Ther , vol.113 , pp. 523-536
    • Ramos, B.P.1    Arnsten, A.F.T.2
  • 51
    • 0036392579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 5-choice serial reaction time task: Behavioural pharmacology and functional neurochemistry
    • Robbins TW (2002) The 5-choice serial reaction time task: Behavioural pharmacology and functional neurochemistry. Psychopharmacology 163:362-380
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.163 , pp. 362-380
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 52
    • 33846673339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine improves sustained attention and reduces overactivity and impulsiveness in an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Sagvolden T (2006) The alpha-2A adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine improves sustained attention and reduces overactivity and impulsiveness in an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behav Brain Funct 2:41
    • (2006) Behav Brain Funct , vol.2 , pp. 41
    • Sagvolden, T.1
  • 53
    • 0014738267 scopus 로고
    • Effect of antidepressant drugs on accumulation and disappearance of monoamines formed in vivo from labelled precursors in mouse brain
    • Schubert J, Nybäck H, Sedvall G (1970) Effect of antidepressant drugs on accumulation and disappearance of monoamines formed in vivo from labelled precursors in mouse brain. J Pharm Pharmacol 22:136-139
    • (1970) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.22 , pp. 136-139
    • Schubert, J.1    Nybäck, H.2    Sedvall, G.3
  • 54
    • 0017045213 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus lesions and learning in the rat
    • Sessions GR, Kant GJ, Koob GF (1976) Locus coeruleus lesions and learning in the rat. Physiol Behav 17:853-859
    • (1976) Physiol Behav , vol.17 , pp. 853-859
    • Sessions, G.R.1    Kant, G.J.2    Koob, G.F.3
  • 55
    • 20444428312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: From common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways
    • Sonuga-Barke EJ (2005) Causal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: From common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways. Biol Psychiatry 57:1231
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 1231
    • Sonuga-Barke, E.J.1
  • 57
  • 58
    • 0142188601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate treatment with propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress disorder two months after trauma
    • Vaiva G, Ducrocq F, Jezequel K, Averland B et al (2003) Immediate treatment with propranolol decreases posttraumatic stress disorder two months after trauma. Biol Psychiatry 54:947-949
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 947-949
    • Vaiva, G.1    Ducrocq, F.2    Jezequel, K.3    Averland, B.4
  • 59
    • 80053898125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habituation and prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in rodent
    • Valsamis B, Schmid S (2011) Habituation and prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in rodent. J Vis Exp 55:e3446
    • (2011) J Vis Exp , vol.55
    • Valsamis, B.1    Schmid, S.2
  • 60
    • 0027502996 scopus 로고
    • A retrospective study of serum levels and electrocardiographic effects of nortriptyline in children and adolescents
    • Wilens TE, Biederman J, Spencer T, Geist DE (1993) A retrospective study of serum levels and electrocardiographic effects of nortriptyline in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 32:270-277
    • (1993) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 270-277
    • Wilens, T.E.1    Biederman, J.2    Spencer, T.3    Geist, D.E.4
  • 61
    • 79551652134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug and addiction: An introduction to epigenetics
    • Wong CC, Mill J, Fernandes C (2011) Drug and addiction: An introduction to epigenetics. Addiction 106:480-489
    • (2011) Addiction , vol.106 , pp. 480-489
    • Wong, C.C.1    Mill, J.2    Fernandes, C.3
  • 62
    • 59949089339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postsynaptic a2-adrenergic receptors are critical for the antidepressant-like effects of desipramine on behavior
    • Zhang HT, Whisler LR, Huang Y, Xiang Y et al (2009) Postsynaptic a2-adrenergic receptors are critical for the antidepressant-like effects of desipramine on behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 34:1067-1077
    • (2009) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.34 , pp. 1067-1077
    • Zhang, H.T.1    Whisler, L.R.2    Huang, Y.3    Xiang, Y.4
  • 63
    • 79957798815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate and μ opioid receptor interactions: A pharmacological target for prevention of stimulant abuse
    • Zhu J, Spencer TJ, Liu-Chen LY, Biederman J, Bhide PJ (2011) Methylphenidate and μ opioid receptor interactions: A pharmacological target for prevention of stimulant abuse. Neuropharmacology 61:283-292
    • (2011) Neuropharmacology , vol.61 , pp. 283-292
    • Zhu, J.1    Spencer, T.J.2    Liu-Chen, L.Y.3    Biederman, J.4    Bhide, P.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.