메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 1309-1320

Role of locus coeruleus in attention and behavioral flexibility

Author keywords

Attention; Locus coeruleus; Monkey; Neurophysiology; Norepinephrine; Visual discrimination

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL MODEL; ATTENTION; BEHAVIOR; COMPUTER MODEL; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; LOCUS CERULEUS; MONKEY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION;

EID: 0033232478     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00140-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (705)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0023410730 scopus 로고
    • Single unit response of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus of freely moving cats II. Adaptation to chronically presented stressful stimuli
    • Abercrombie E., Jacobs B. Single unit response of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus of freely moving cats II. Adaptation to chronically presented stressful stimuli. J Neurosci. 7:1987;2844-2848.
    • (1987) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 2844-2848
    • Abercrombie, E.1    Jacobs, B.2
  • 2
    • 0023406643 scopus 로고
    • Single unit response of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus of freely moving cats I. Acutely presented stressful and nonstressful stimuli
    • Abercrombie E.D., Jacobs B.L. Single unit response of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus of freely moving cats I. Acutely presented stressful and nonstressful stimuli. J Neurosci. 7:1987;2837-2843.
    • (1987) J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 2837-2843
    • Abercrombie, E.D.1    Jacobs, B.L.2
  • 3
    • 0017671742 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for norepinephrine-mediated collateral inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons
    • Aghajanian G.K., Cedarbaum J.M., Wang R.Y. Evidence for norepinephrine-mediated collateral inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons. Brain Res. 136:1977;570-577.
    • (1977) Brain Res , vol.136 , pp. 570-577
    • Aghajanian, G.K.1    Cedarbaum, J.M.2    Wang, R.Y.3
  • 4
    • 0022333275 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral functions of the locus coeruleus derived from cellular attributes
    • Aston-Jones G. Behavioral functions of the locus coeruleus derived from cellular attributes. Physiol Psych. 13:1985;118-126.
    • (1985) Physiol Psych , vol.13 , pp. 118-126
    • Aston-Jones, G.1
  • 5
    • 0012030293 scopus 로고
    • Activity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving primates: Relationship with vigilance
    • Aston-Jones G., Alexinsky T., Grant S. Activity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving primates relationship with vigilance . Soc Neurosci Abstr. 14:1988;407.
    • (1988) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.14 , pp. 407
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Alexinsky, T.2    Grant, S.3
  • 6
    • 0019855733 scopus 로고
    • Activity of norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats anticipates fluctuations in the sleep-waking cycle
    • Aston-Jones G., Bloom F.E. Activity of norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats anticipates fluctuations in the sleep-waking cycle. J Neurosci. 1:1981;876-886.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 876-886
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 7
    • 0019732445 scopus 로고
    • Norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli
    • Aston-Jones G., Bloom F.E. Norepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli. J Neurosci. 1:1981;887-900.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 887-900
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 8
    • 0025788205 scopus 로고
    • Discharge of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats and monkeys suggests a role in vigilance
    • Aston-Jones G., Chiang C., Alexinsky T. Discharge of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats and monkeys suggests a role in vigilance. Prog Brain Res. 88:1991;501-520.
    • (1991) Prog Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 501-520
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Chiang, C.2    Alexinsky, T.3
  • 9
    • 0022981586 scopus 로고
    • The brain nucleus locus coeruleus: Restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network
    • Aston-Jones G., Ennis M., Pieribone V.A., Nickell W.T., Shipley M.T. The brain nucleus locus coeruleus restricted afferent control of a broad efferent network . Science. 234:1986;734-737.
    • (1986) Science , vol.234 , pp. 734-737
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Ennis, M.2    Pieribone, V.A.3    Nickell, W.T.4    Shipley, M.T.5
  • 10
    • 0002672349 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy and physiology of locus coeruleus neurons: Functional implications
    • In: Ziegler M, Lake CR, editors, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins
    • Aston-Jones G, Foote SL, Bloom FE (1984): Anatomy and physiology of locus coeruleus neurons: functional implications. In: Ziegler M, Lake CR, editors, Norepinephrine (Frontiers of Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 2). Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, pp 92-116.
    • (1984) Norepinephrine (Frontiers of Clinical Neuroscience , vol.2 , pp. 92-116
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Foote, S.L.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 11
    • 0030860266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditioned responses of monkey locus coeruleus neurons anticipate acquisition of discriminative behavior in a vigilance task
    • Aston-Jones G., Rajkowski J., Kubiak P. Conditioned responses of monkey locus coeruleus neurons anticipate acquisition of discriminative behavior in a vigilance task. Neuroscience. 80:1997;697-715.
    • (1997) Neuroscience , vol.80 , pp. 697-715
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Kubiak, P.3
  • 12
    • 0028292799 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus neurons in the monkey are selectively activated by attended stimuli in a vigilance task
    • Aston-Jones G., Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Alexinsky T. Locus coeruleus neurons in the monkey are selectively activated by attended stimuli in a vigilance task. J Neurosci. 14:1994;4467-4480.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 4467-4480
    • Aston-Jones, G.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Kubiak, P.3    Alexinsky, T.4
  • 15
    • 0000213884 scopus 로고
    • The effect of synchronized inputs at the single neuron level
    • Bernander O., Koch C., Usher M. The effect of synchronized inputs at the single neuron level. Neural Comput. 6:1994;622-641.
    • (1994) Neural Comput , vol.6 , pp. 622-641
    • Bernander, O.1    Koch, C.2    Usher, M.3
  • 16
    • 0026040566 scopus 로고
    • Effects of locus coeruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in the neocortex and hippocampus
    • Berridge C.W., Foote S.L. Effects of locus coeruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in the neocortex and hippocampus. J Neurosci. 11:1991;3135-3145.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3135-3145
    • Berridge, C.W.1    Foote, S.L.2
  • 17
    • 0026560122 scopus 로고
    • Reduced tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in locus coeruleus of suicide victims
    • Biegon A., Fieldust S. Reduced tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in locus coeruleus of suicide victims. Synapse. 10:1992;79-82.
    • (1992) Synapse , vol.10 , pp. 79-82
    • Biegon, A.1    Fieldust, S.2
  • 18
    • 0025837075 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the locus coeruleus in dementias of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease
    • Chan-Palay V. Alterations in the locus coeruleus in dementias of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Prog Brain Res. 88:1991;625-630.
    • (1991) Prog Brain Res , vol.88 , pp. 625-630
    • Chan-Palay, V.1
  • 19
    • 0027343156 scopus 로고
    • Depression and dementia in Parkinson's disease. Catecholamine changes in the locus ceruleus, a basis for therapy
    • Chan-Palay V. Depression and dementia in Parkinson's disease. Catecholamine changes in the locus ceruleus, a basis for therapy. Adv Neurol. 60:1993;438-446.
    • (1993) Adv Neurol , vol.60 , pp. 438-446
    • Chan-Palay, V.1
  • 20
    • 0027512054 scopus 로고
    • Response of locus coeruleus neurons to footshock stimulation is mediated by neurons in the ventrolateral medulla
    • Chiang C., Aston-Jones G. Response of locus coeruleus neurons to footshock stimulation is mediated by neurons in the ventrolateral medulla. Neuroscience. 53:1993;705-715.
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.53 , pp. 705-715
    • Chiang, C.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 21
    • 0027234730 scopus 로고
    • Dye-coupling among neurons of the rat locus coeruleus during postnatal development
    • Christie M.J., Jelinek H.F. Dye-coupling among neurons of the rat locus coeruleus during postnatal development. Neuroscience. 56:1993;129-137.
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.56 , pp. 129-137
    • Christie, M.J.1    Jelinek, H.F.2
  • 22
    • 0024455725 scopus 로고
    • Electrical coupling synchronizes subthreshold activity in locus coeruleus neurons in vitro from neonatal rats
    • Christie M.J., Williams J.T., North R.A. Electrical coupling synchronizes subthreshold activity in locus coeruleus neurons in vitro from neonatal rats. J Neurosci. 9:1989;3584-3589.
    • (1989) J Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 3584-3589
    • Christie, M.J.1    Williams, J.T.2    North, R.A.3
  • 23
    • 0001989283 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons
    • Dahlstrom A., Fuxe K. Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons. Acta Physiol Scand. 62:1964;5-55.
    • (1964) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.62 , pp. 5-55
    • Dahlstrom, A.1    Fuxe, K.2
  • 24
    • 0021984413 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic and family study of PTSD
    • Davidson J.R., et al. A diagnostic and family study of PTSD. Am J Psychiatry. 142:1985;90-93.
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.142 , pp. 90-93
    • Davidson, J.R.1
  • 25
    • 58149427171 scopus 로고
    • The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior
    • Easterbrook J.A. The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychiatry Rev. 66:1959;183-201.
    • (1959) Psychiatry Rev , vol.66 , pp. 183-201
    • Easterbrook, J.A.1
  • 26
    • 0022456267 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for self- And neighbor-mediated postactivation inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons
    • Ennis M., Aston-Jones G. Evidence for self- and neighbor-mediated postactivation inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons. Brain Res. 374:1986;299-305.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.374 , pp. 299-305
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 27
    • 0023742981 scopus 로고
    • Activation of locus coeruleus from nucleus paragigantocellularis: A new excitatory amino acid pathway in brain
    • Ennis M., Aston-Jones G. Activation of locus coeruleus from nucleus paragigantocellularis a new excitatory amino acid pathway in brain . J Neurosci. 8:1988;3644-3657.
    • (1988) J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 3644-3657
    • Ennis, M.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 28
    • 0040540687 scopus 로고
    • Impulse activity of locus coeruleus neurons in awake rats and monkeys is a function of sensory stimulation and arousal
    • Foote S.L., Aston-Jones G., Bloom F.E. Impulse activity of locus coeruleus neurons in awake rats and monkeys is a function of sensory stimulation and arousal. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 77:1980;3033-3037.
    • (1980) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.77 , pp. 3033-3037
    • Foote, S.L.1    Aston-Jones, G.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 29
    • 0020555603 scopus 로고
    • Nucleus locus ceruelus: New evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity
    • Foote S.L., Bloom F.E., Aston-Jones G. Nucleus locus ceruelus new evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity . Physiol Rev. 63:1983;844-914.
    • (1983) Physiol Rev , vol.63 , pp. 844-914
    • Foote, S.L.1    Bloom, F.E.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 30
    • 0016429447 scopus 로고
    • Effects of putative neurotransmitters on neuronal activity in monkey auditory cortex
    • Foote S.L., Freedman R., Oliver A.P. Effects of putative neurotransmitters on neuronal activity in monkey auditory cortex. Brain Res. 86:1975;229-242.
    • (1975) Brain Res , vol.86 , pp. 229-242
    • Foote, S.L.1    Freedman, R.2    Oliver, A.P.3
  • 31
    • 0016717376 scopus 로고
    • Histochemical characterization of a neocortical projection of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the squirrel monkey
    • Freedman R., Foote S.L., Bloom F.E. Histochemical characterization of a neocortical projection of the nucleus locus coeruleus in the squirrel monkey. J Comp Neurol. 164:1975;209-231.
    • (1975) J Comp Neurol , vol.164 , pp. 209-231
    • Freedman, R.1    Foote, S.L.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 32
    • 0026492005 scopus 로고
    • Disease-specific patterns of locus coeruleus cell loss
    • German D.C., Manaye K.F., White C.L., et al. Disease-specific patterns of locus coeruleus cell loss. Ann Neurol. 32:1992;667-676.
    • (1992) Ann Neurol , vol.32 , pp. 667-676
    • German, D.C.1    Manaye, K.F.2    White, C.L.3
  • 33
    • 0024161553 scopus 로고
    • Responses of primate locus coeruleus neurons to simple and complex sensory stimuli
    • Grant S.J., Aston-Jones G., Redmond D.E.J. Responses of primate locus coeruleus neurons to simple and complex sensory stimuli. Brain Res Bull. 21:1988;401-411.
    • (1988) Brain Res Bull , vol.21 , pp. 401-411
    • Grant, S.J.1    Aston-Jones, G.2    Redmond, D.E.J.3
  • 34
    • 0016842653 scopus 로고
    • Sleep cycle oscillation: Reciprocal discharge by two brainstem neuronal groups
    • Hobson J.A., McCarley R.W., Wyzinski P.W. Sleep cycle oscillation Reciprocal discharge by two brainstem neuronal groups . Science. 189:1975;55-58.
    • (1975) Science , vol.189 , pp. 55-58
    • Hobson, J.A.1    McCarley, R.W.2    Wyzinski, P.W.3
  • 35
    • 0015833345 scopus 로고
    • Activation of the pathway from locus coeruleus to rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons: Pharmacological evidence of noradrenergic central inhibition
    • Hoffer B.J., Siggins G.R., Oliver A.P., Bloom F.E. Activation of the pathway from locus coeruleus to rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons Pharmacological evidence of noradrenergic central inhibition . J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 184:1973;553-569.
    • (1973) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.184 , pp. 553-569
    • Hoffer, B.J.1    Siggins, G.R.2    Oliver, A.P.3    Bloom, F.E.4
  • 36
    • 0028907136 scopus 로고
    • Image analyser-assisted morphometry of the locus coeruleus in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Hoogendijk W.J., Pool C.W., Troost D., van Zwieten E., Swaab D.F. Image analyser-assisted morphometry of the locus coeruleus in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain. 118:1995;131-143.
    • (1995) Brain , vol.118 , pp. 131-143
    • Hoogendijk, W.J.1    Pool, C.W.2    Troost, D.3    Van Zwieten, E.4    Swaab, D.F.5
  • 37
    • 0029783330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronous activity in locus coeruleus results from dendritic interactions in pericoerulear regions
    • Ishimatsu M., Williams J.T. Synchronous activity in locus coeruleus results from dendritic interactions in pericoerulear regions. J Neurosci. 16:1996;5196-5204.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5196-5204
    • Ishimatsu, M.1    Williams, J.T.2
  • 38
    • 0000571601 scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic mechanisms regulating spontaneous discharge and sub-threshold oscillations in locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in vitro
    • Ivanov A.Y., Aston-Jones G. Intrinsic mechanisms regulating spontaneous discharge and sub-threshold oscillations in locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in vitro. Soc Neurosci Abstr. 21:1995;633.
    • (1995) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.21 , pp. 633
    • Ivanov, A.Y.1    Aston-Jones, G.2
  • 39
    • 0001191401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local chemomanipulations of locus coeruleus (LC) activity in monkeys alter cortical event-related potentials (ERPs) and task performance
    • Ivanova S., Rajkowski J., Silakov V., Watanabe T., Aston-Jones G. Local chemomanipulations of locus coeruleus (LC) activity in monkeys alter cortical event-related potentials (ERPs) and task performance. Soc Neurosci Abst. 23:1997;1587.
    • (1997) Soc Neurosci Abst , vol.23 , pp. 1587
    • Ivanova, S.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Silakov, V.3    Watanabe, T.4    Aston-Jones, G.5
  • 40
    • 0015357448 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of encoding in a population of neurons
    • Knight B. Dynamics of encoding in a population of neurons. J Gen Physiol. 59:1972;734-766.
    • (1972) J Gen Physiol , vol.59 , pp. 734-766
    • Knight, B.1
  • 41
    • 0018137080 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural identification of noradrenergic terminals in the rat hippocampus: Unilateral destruction of the locus coeruleus with 6-hydroxydopamine
    • Koda L.Y., Schulman J.A., Bloom F.E. Ultrastructural identification of noradrenergic terminals in the rat hippocampus unilateral destruction of the locus coeruleus with 6-hydroxydopamine . Brain Res. 145:1978;190-195.
    • (1978) Brain Res , vol.145 , pp. 190-195
    • Koda, L.Y.1    Schulman, J.A.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 42
    • 0001562006 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral performance and sensory responsiveness of LC neurons in a vigilance task varies with tonic LC discharge rate
    • Kubiak P., Rajkowski J., Aston-Jones G. Behavioral performance and sensory responsiveness of LC neurons in a vigilance task varies with tonic LC discharge rate. Soc Neurosci Abstr. 18:1992;538.
    • (1992) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.18 , pp. 538
    • Kubiak, P.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 43
    • 0023241680 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. I. Thermoregulatory challenge
    • Morilak D.A., Fornal C.A., Jacobs B.L. Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. I. Thermoregulatory challenge. Brain Res. 422:1987;17-23.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.422 , pp. 17-23
    • Morilak, D.A.1    Fornal, C.A.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 44
    • 0023264687 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. II. Cardiovascular challenge
    • Morilak D.A., Fornal C.A., Jacobs B.L. Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. II. Cardiovascular challenge. Brain Res. 422:1987;24-31.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.422 , pp. 24-31
    • Morilak, D.A.1    Fornal, C.A.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 45
    • 0023200739 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. III. Glucoregulatory challenge
    • Morilak D.A., Fornal C.A., Jacobs B.L. Effects of physiological manipulations on locus coeruleus neuronal activity in freely moving cats. III. Glucoregulatory challenge. Brain Res. 422:1987;32-39.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.422 , pp. 32-39
    • Morilak, D.A.1    Fornal, C.A.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 46
    • 0022645522 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic and serotonergic innervation of cortical, thalamic and tectal visual structures in old and new world monkeys
    • Morrison J., Foote S. Noradrenergic and serotonergic innervation of cortical, thalamic and tectal visual structures in old and new world monkeys. J Comp Neurol. 243:1986;117-128.
    • (1986) J Comp Neurol , vol.243 , pp. 117-128
    • Morrison, J.1    Foote, S.2
  • 47
    • 0020379084 scopus 로고
    • Laminar, tangenital and regional organization of the noradrenergic innervation of the monkey cortex: Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry
    • Morrison J.H., Foote S.L., O'Connor D., Bloom F.E. Laminar, tangenital and regional organization of the noradrenergic innervation of the monkey cortex dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry . Brain Res Bull. 9:1982;309-319.
    • (1982) Brain Res Bull , vol.9 , pp. 309-319
    • Morrison, J.H.1    Foote, S.L.2    O'Connor, D.3    Bloom, F.E.4
  • 48
    • 0019486462 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural demonstration of noradrenergic synapses in the rat central nervous system by dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry
    • Olschowka J.A., Molliver M.E., Grzanna R., Rice F.L., Coyle J.T. Ultrastructural demonstration of noradrenergic synapses in the rat central nervous system by dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem. 29:1981;271-280.
    • (1981) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.29 , pp. 271-280
    • Olschowka, J.A.1    Molliver, M.E.2    Grzanna, R.3    Rice, F.L.4    Coyle, J.T.5
  • 49
    • 0027952770 scopus 로고
    • Elevated tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus of suicide victims
    • Ordway G.A., Smith K.S., Haycock J.W. Elevated tyrosine hydroxylase in the locus coeruleus of suicide victims. J Neurochem. 62:1994;680-685.
    • (1994) J Neurochem , vol.62 , pp. 680-685
    • Ordway, G.A.1    Smith, K.S.2    Haycock, J.W.3
  • 50
    • 0028168589 scopus 로고
    • Agonist binding to alpha 2-adrenoceptors is elevated in the locus coeruleus from victims of suicide
    • Ordway G.A., Widdowson P.S., Smith K.S., Halaris A. Agonist binding to alpha 2-adrenoceptors is elevated in the locus coeruleus from victims of suicide. J Neurochem. 63:1994;617-624.
    • (1994) J Neurochem , vol.63 , pp. 617-624
    • Ordway, G.A.1    Widdowson, P.S.2    Smith, K.S.3    Halaris, A.4
  • 51
    • 0023659396 scopus 로고
    • Monoaminergic fibers form conventional synapses in the cerebral cortex
    • Papadopoulos G.C., Parnavelas J.G., Buijs R. Monoaminergic fibers form conventional synapses in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci Lett. 76:1987;275-279.
    • (1987) Neurosci Lett , vol.76 , pp. 275-279
    • Papadopoulos, G.C.1    Parnavelas, J.G.2    Buijs, R.3
  • 52
    • 0024513766 scopus 로고
    • Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical analysis of the noradrenaline innervation of the rat visual cortex
    • Papadopoulos G.C., Parnavelas J.G., Buijs R.M. Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical analysis of the noradrenaline innervation of the rat visual cortex. J Neurocytol. 18:1989;1-10.
    • (1989) J Neurocytol , vol.18 , pp. 1-10
    • Papadopoulos, G.C.1    Parnavelas, J.G.2    Buijs, R.M.3
  • 53
    • 0002383163 scopus 로고
    • The psychobiology of sustained attention
    • J.S. Warm. New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Parasuraman R. The psychobiology of sustained attention. Warm J.S. Sustained Attention in Human Performance. 1984;61-101 John Wiley & Sons, New York.
    • (1984) Sustained Attention in Human Performance , pp. 61-101
    • Parasuraman, R.1
  • 54
    • 0012060569 scopus 로고
    • Activity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving monkeys varies with focused attention: Short- And long-term changes
    • Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Aston-Jones G. Activity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving monkeys varies with focused attention short- and long-term changes . Soc Neurosci Abstr. 18:1992;538.
    • (1992) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.18 , pp. 538
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 55
    • 0012060492 scopus 로고
    • Correlations between locus coeruleus (LC) neural activity, pupil diameter and behavior in monkey support a role of LC in attention
    • Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Aston-Jones G. Correlations between locus coeruleus (LC) neural activity, pupil diameter and behavior in monkey support a role of LC in attention. Soc Neurosci Abstr. 19:1993;974.
    • (1993) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.19 , pp. 974
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 56
    • 0028149250 scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus activity in monkey: Phasic and tonic changes are associated with altered vigilance
    • Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Aston-Jones G. Locus coeruleus activity in monkey Phasic and tonic changes are associated with altered vigilance . Brain Res Bull. 35:1994;607-616.
    • (1994) Brain Res Bull , vol.35 , pp. 607-616
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 57
    • 0012030152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LC Neurons in monkey are selectively activated by the earliest predictors of reward
    • Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Ivanova S., Aston-Jones G. LC Neurons in monkey are selectively activated by the earliest predictors of reward. Soc Neurosci Abstr. 22:1996;2063.
    • (1996) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.22 , pp. 2063
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Ivanova, S.3    Aston-Jones, G.4
  • 58
    • 0010457701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State related activity and reactivity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving monkeys
    • D. Goldstein, G. Eisenhofer, McCarty R. New York: Academic Press
    • Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Ivanova S., Aston-Jones G. State related activity and reactivity of locus coeruleus neurons in behaving monkeys. Goldstein D., Eisenhofer G., McCarty R. Catecholamines Bridging Basic Science with Clinical Medicine . Vol 42:1998;740-744 Academic Press, New York.
    • (1998) Catecholamines: Bridging Basic Science with Clinical Medicine , vol.42 , pp. 740-744
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Kubiak, P.2    Ivanova, S.3    Aston-Jones, G.4
  • 59
    • 0004369391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in monkey are quiescent in paradoxical sleep (PS)
    • Rajkowski J, Silakov V, Ivanova S, Aston-Jones G (1997): Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in monkey are quiescent in paradoxical sleep (PS). Soc Neurosci Abst 23:2130.
    • (1997) Soc Neurosci Abst , vol.23 , pp. 2130
    • Rajkowski, J.1    Silakov, V.2    Ivanova, S.3    Aston-Jones, G.4
  • 60
    • 0022468439 scopus 로고
    • Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. I. During naturalistic behaviors and in response to simple and complex stimuli
    • Rasmussen K., Morilak D.A., Jacobs B.L. Single unit activity of locus coeruleus neurons in the freely moving cat. I. During naturalistic behaviors and in response to simple and complex stimuli. Brain Res. 371:1986;324-334.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.371 , pp. 324-334
    • Rasmussen, K.1    Morilak, D.A.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 61
    • 0016207775 scopus 로고
    • The action of norepinephrine in the rat hippocampus. I. Iontophoretic studies
    • Segal M., Bloom F.E. The action of norepinephrine in the rat hippocampus. I. Iontophoretic studies. Brain Res. 72:1974;79-97.
    • (1974) Brain Res , vol.72 , pp. 79-97
    • Segal, M.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 62
    • 0017187707 scopus 로고
    • The action of norepinephrine in the rat hippocampus. IV. The effects of locus coeruleus stimulation on evoked hippocampal unit activity
    • Segal M., Bloom F.E. The action of norepinephrine in the rat hippocampus. IV. The effects of locus coeruleus stimulation on evoked hippocampal unit activity. Brain Res. 107:1976;513-525.
    • (1976) Brain Res , vol.107 , pp. 513-525
    • Segal, M.1    Bloom, F.E.2
  • 63
    • 0025118803 scopus 로고
    • A network model of catecholamine effects gain signal to noise ratio and behavior
    • Servan-Schreiber D., Printz H., Cohen J.D. A network model of catecholamine effects gain signal to noise ratio and behavior. Science. 249:1990;892-895.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 892-895
    • Servan-Schreiber, D.1    Printz, H.2    Cohen, J.D.3
  • 64
    • 0022181104 scopus 로고
    • Overview: Toward a dysregulation hypothesis of depression
    • Siever L.J., Davis K.L. Overview Toward a dysregulation hypothesis of depression . Am J Psychiatry. 142:1985;1017-1031.
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.142 , pp. 1017-1031
    • Siever, L.J.1    Davis, K.L.2
  • 65
    • 0032127304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychpharmacological mechanisms of stimulant drug action in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review and integration
    • Solanto M.V. Neuropsychpharmacological mechanisms of stimulant drug action in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder a review and integration . Behav Brain Res. 94:1998;127-152.
    • (1998) Behav Brain Res , vol.94 , pp. 127-152
    • Solanto, M.V.1
  • 68
    • 0015164043 scopus 로고
    • Sterotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain
    • Ungerstedt U. Sterotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 367:1971;1-48.
    • (1971) Acta Physiol Scand Suppl , vol.367 , pp. 1-48
    • Ungerstedt, U.1
  • 69
    • 0033593588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of locus coeruleus in the regulation of cognitive performance
    • Usher M., Cohen J.D., Rajkowski J., Kubiak P., Aston-Jones G. The role of locus coeruleus in the regulation of cognitive performance. Science. 283:1999;549-554.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 549-554
    • Usher, M.1    Cohen, J.D.2    Rajkowski, J.3    Kubiak, P.4    Aston-Jones, G.5
  • 70
    • 0025837543 scopus 로고
    • Activation of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons by hemodynamic stress is due to local release of corticotropin-releasing factor
    • Valentino R., Page M., Curtis A. Activation of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons by hemodynamic stress is due to local release of corticotropin-releasing factor. Brain Res. 555:1991;25-34.
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.555 , pp. 25-34
    • Valentino, R.1    Page, M.2    Curtis, A.3
  • 71
    • 0020606252 scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor activates noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus
    • Valentino R.J., Foote S.L., Aston-Jones G. Corticotropin-releasing factor activates noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus. Brain Res. 270:1983;363-367.
    • (1983) Brain Res , vol.270 , pp. 363-367
    • Valentino, R.J.1    Foote, S.L.2    Aston-Jones, G.3
  • 72
    • 0018880206 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of somatosensory cortical neuronal responses to iontophoretically applied putative neurotransmitters
    • Waterhouse B.D., Moises H.C., Woodward D.J. Noradrenergic modulation of somatosensory cortical neuronal responses to iontophoretically applied putative neurotransmitters. Exp Neurol. 69:1980;30-49.
    • (1980) Exp Neurol , vol.69 , pp. 30-49
    • Waterhouse, B.D.1    Moises, H.C.2    Woodward, D.J.3
  • 73
    • 0021343610 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of norepinephrine- And benzodiazepine-induced augmentation of Purkinje cell responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
    • Waterhouse B.D., Moises H.C., Yeh H.H., Geller H.M., Woodward D.J. Comparison of norepinephrine- and benzodiazepine-induced augmentation of Purkinje cell responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 228:1984;257-267.
    • (1984) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.228 , pp. 257-267
    • Waterhouse, B.D.1    Moises, H.C.2    Yeh, H.H.3    Geller, H.M.4    Woodward, D.J.5
  • 74
    • 0018839853 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of norepinephrine with cerebrocortical activity evoked by stimulation of somatosensory afferent pathways in the rat
    • Waterhouse B.D., Woodward D.J. Interaction of norepinephrine with cerebrocortical activity evoked by stimulation of somatosensory afferent pathways in the rat. Exp Neurol. 67:1980;11-34.
    • (1980) Exp Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 11-34
    • Waterhouse, B.D.1    Woodward, D.J.2
  • 75
    • 0026689953 scopus 로고
    • Reduced neuropeptide Y concentrations in suicide brain
    • Widdowson P.S., Ordway G.A., Halaris A.E. Reduced neuropeptide Y concentrations in suicide brain. J Neurochem. 59:1992;73-80.
    • (1992) J Neurochem , vol.59 , pp. 73-80
    • Widdowson, P.S.1    Ordway, G.A.2    Halaris, A.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.