메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 79-89

Pyruvate and creatine prevent oxidative stress and behavioral alterations caused by phenylalanine administration into hippocampus of rats

Author keywords

Behavior; Creatine; Open field; Oxidative stress; Phenylalanine; Pyruvate

Indexed keywords

CREATINE; PHENYLALANINE; PYRUVIC ACID; ANTIOXIDANT;

EID: 84861817473     PISSN: 08857490     EISSN: 15737365     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11011-011-9271-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0035917819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in thiol content and expression of glutathione redox system genes in the hippocampus and cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease
    • DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)01636-6, PII S0304394001016366
    • Aksenov MY, Markesbery WR (2001) Changes in thiol content and expression of glutathione redox system genes in the hippocampus and cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 302:141-145 (Pubitemid 32274229)
    • (2001) Neuroscience Letters , vol.302 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 141-145
    • Aksenov, M.Y.1    Markesbery, W.R.2
  • 2
    • 0015837338 scopus 로고
    • Tests for emotionality in rats and mice: A review
    • Archer J (1973) Tests for emotionality in rats and mice: a review. Ann Behav 21:205-235
    • (1973) Ann Behav , vol.21 , pp. 205-235
    • Archer, J.1
  • 4
    • 80052809265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of creatine
    • Beal MF (2011) Neuroprotective effects of creatine. Amino Acids 40:1305-1313
    • (2011) Amino Acids , vol.40 , pp. 1305-1313
    • Beal, M.F.1
  • 7
    • 33749489646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disorders of phenylalanine and tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism
    • Blau N, Leonard J, Hoffmann G, Clarke J eds, Springer, Heidelberg
    • Blau N, Burgard P (2006) Disorders of phenylalanine and tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism. In: Blau N, Leonard J, Hoffmann G, Clarke J (eds) Physician's guide to the treatment and follow-up of metabolic diseases. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 25-34
    • (2006) Physician's Guide to the Treatment and Follow-up of Metabolic Diseases , pp. 25-34
    • Blau, N.1    Burgard, P.2
  • 8
    • 31344482675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual development of the patients of the German Collaborative Study of children treated for phenylketonuria
    • Burgard P, Schmidt E, Rupp A, Schneider W, Bremer HJ (1996) Intellectual development of the patients of the German Collaborative Study of children treated for phenylketonuria. Eur J Pediatr 155(supplement 1):S33-S38
    • (1996) Eur J Pediatr , vol.155 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Burgard, P.1    Schmidt, E.2    Rupp, A.3    Schneider, W.4    Bremer, H.J.5
  • 9
    • 0029095727 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging in phenylketonuria: Reversal of cerebral white matter change
    • Cleary MA, Walter JH, Wraith JE, White F, Tyler K, Jenkins JP (1995) Magnetic resonance imaging in phenylketonuria: reversal of cerebral white matter change. J Pediatr 127:251-255
    • (1995) J Pediatr , vol.127 , pp. 251-255
    • Cleary, M.A.1    Walter, J.H.2    Wraith, J.E.3    White, F.4    Tyler, K.5    Jenkins, J.P.6
  • 11
    • 0026387907 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione metabolism and its role in hepatotoxicity
    • DeLeve LD, Kaplowitz N (1991) Glutathione metabolism and its role in hepatotoxicity. Pharmacol Ther 52:287-305
    • (1991) Pharmacol Ther , vol.52 , pp. 287-305
    • DeLeve, L.D.1    Kaplowitz, N.2
  • 12
    • 0014695791 scopus 로고
    • Open-field behavior in the rat: What does it mean?
    • Denenberg VH (1969) Open-field behavior in the rat: what does it mean? Ann N Y Acad Sci 159:852-859
    • (1969) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.159 , pp. 852-859
    • Denenberg, V.H.1
  • 13
    • 0017070013 scopus 로고
    • Intellectual performance of 36 phenylketonuria patients and their nonaffected siblings
    • Dobson J, Kushida E, Williamson M, Friedman E (1976) Intellectual performance of 36 phenylketonuria patients and their nonaffected siblings. Pediatrics 58:53-58
    • (1976) Pediatrics , vol.58 , pp. 53-58
    • Dobson, J.1    Kushida, E.2    Williamson, M.3    Friedman, E.4
  • 14
    • 0016781992 scopus 로고
    • Emotionality, exploratory behavior and locomotion in aging inbred strains of mice
    • Elias PK, Elias MF, Eleftheriou BE (1975) Emotionality, exploratory behavior and locomotion in aging inbred strains of mice. Gerontologia 21:46-55
    • (1975) Gerontologia , vol.21 , pp. 46-55
    • Elias, P.K.1    Elias, M.F.2    Eleftheriou, B.E.3
  • 17
    • 79952547216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional issues in treating phenylketonuria
    • Feillet F, Agostoni C (2010) Nutritional issues in treating phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis 33:659-664
    • (2010) J Inherit Metab Dis , vol.33 , pp. 659-664
    • Feillet, F.1    Agostoni, C.2
  • 18
    • 0036746849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alanine prevents the reduction of pyruvate kinase activity in brain cortex of rats subjected to chemically induced hyperphenylalaninemia
    • Feksa LR, Cornelio AR, Rech VC, Dutra-Filho CS, Wyse AT, Wajner M, Wannmacher CMD (2002) Alanine prevents the reduction of pyruvate kinase activity in brain cortex of rats subjected to chemically induced hyperphenylalaninemia. Neurochem Res 27:947-952
    • (2002) Neurochem Res , vol.27 , pp. 947-952
    • Feksa, L.R.1    Cornelio, A.R.2    Rech, V.C.3    Dutra-Filho, C.S.4    Wyse, A.T.5    Wajner, M.6    Wannmacher, C.M.D.7
  • 19
    • 0037432556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the inhibition of pyruvate kinase caused by phenylalanine and phenylpyruvate in rat brain cortex
    • DOI 10.1016/S0006-8993(03)02239-X
    • Feksa LR, Cornelio AR, Dutra-Filho CS, Wyse ATS, Waijner M, Wannmacher CMD (2003) Characterization of the inhibition of pyruvate kinase caused by phenylalanine and phenylpyruvate in rat brain cortex. Brain Res 968:199-205 (Pubitemid 36349678)
    • (2003) Brain Research , vol.968 , Issue.2 , pp. 199-205
    • Feksa, L.R.1    Cornelio, A.R.2    Dutra-Filho, C.S.3    Wyse, A.T.D.S.4    Wajner, M.5    Wannmacher, C.M.D.6
  • 21
    • 0023216424 scopus 로고
    • Psychoeducational findings among children treated for phenylketonuria
    • Fishler K, Azen C, Henderson R, Friedman EG, Koch R (1987) Psychoeducational findings among children treated for phenylketonuria. Am J Ment Defic 92:65-73 (Pubitemid 17109726)
    • (1987) American Journal of Mental Deficiency , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-73
    • Fishler, K.1    Azen, C.G.2    Henderson, R.3
  • 23
    • 0032704101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidants, oxidative stress, and degenerative neurological disorders (44448)
    • Floyd RA (1999) Antioxidants, oxidative stress, and degenerative neurological disorders. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 222:236-245 (Pubitemid 129708638)
    • (1999) Experimental Biology and Medicine , vol.222 , Issue.3 , pp. 236-245
    • Floyd, R.A.1
  • 24
    • 30444434613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate protects glucose-deprived Müller cells from nitric oxide-induced oxidative stress by radical scavenging
    • DOI 10.1002/glia.20244
    • Frenzel J, Richter J, Eschrich K (2005) Pyruvate protects glucosedeprived muller cells from nitric oxide-induced oxidative stress by radical scavenging. Glia 52:276-288 (Pubitemid 43076220)
    • (2005) GLIA , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 276-288
    • Frenzel, J.1    Richter, J.2    Eschrich, K.3
  • 25
    • 0026064054 scopus 로고
    • Hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence: An assay for oxidative stress in biopsies of heart, liver, and muscle
    • Gonzalvez-Flecha B, Lleusy S, Boveris A (1991) Hydroperoxideinitiated chemiluminescence: an assay for oxidative stress in biopsies of heart, liver and muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 10:93-100 (Pubitemid 121003216)
    • (1991) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 93-100
    • Flecha, B.G.1    Llesuy, S.2    Boveris, A.3
  • 29
    • 4644352361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult phenylketonuria
    • DOI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.03.042, PII S0002934304004395
    • Hanley WB (2004) Adult phenylketonuria. Am J Med 117:590-595 (Pubitemid 39304210)
    • (2004) American Journal of Medicine , vol.117 , Issue.8 , pp. 590-595
    • Hanley, W.B.1
  • 31
    • 77957594336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycolysis in the retina by oxidative stress: Prevention by pyruvate
    • Hegde KR, Kovtun S, Varma SD (2010) Inhibition of glycolysis in the retina by oxidative stress: prevention by pyruvate. Mol Cell Biochem 343:101-105
    • (2010) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.343 , pp. 101-105
    • Hegde, K.R.1    Kovtun, S.2    Varma, S.D.3
  • 32
    • 0031282249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory formation: The sequence of biochemical events in the hippocampus and its connection to activity in other brain structures
    • DOI 10.1006/nlme.1997.3799
    • Izquierdo I, Medina JH (1997) Memory formation: the sequence of biochemical events in the hippocampus and its connection to activity in other brain structures. Neurobiol Learn Mem 68:285-316 (Pubitemid 27506324)
    • (1997) Neurobiology of Learning and Memory , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 285-316
    • Izquierdo, I.1    Medina, J.H.2
  • 34
    • 0242289452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 mediated apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cell line-SK-N-MC
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-0618(03)00037-1
    • Jagtap JC, Chandele A, Chopde BA, Shastry P (2003) Sodium pyruvate protects against H2O2 mediated apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cell line-SK-N-MC. J Chem Neuroanat 26:109-118 (Pubitemid 37346283)
    • (2003) Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 109-118
    • Jagtap, J.C.1    Chandele, A.2    Chopde, B.A.3    Shastry, P.4
  • 35
    • 0032483521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Octamer formation and coupling of cardiac sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase are mediated by charged N-terminal residues
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.273.36.22990
    • Khuchua ZA, Qin W, Boero J, Cheng J, Payne RM, Saks VA et al (1998) Octamer formation and coupling of cardiac sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase are mediated by charged N-terminal residues. J Biol Chem 273:22990-22996 (Pubitemid 28417476)
    • (1998) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.273 , Issue.36 , pp. 22990-22996
    • Khuchua, Z.A.1    Qin, W.2    Boero, J.3    Cheng, J.4    Payne, R.M.5    Saks, V.A.6    Strauss, A.W.7
  • 36
    • 0021180767 scopus 로고
    • Paired comparisons between early treated PKU children and their matched sibling controls on intelligence and school achievement test results at eight years of age
    • Koch R, Azen C, Friedman EG, Williamson ML (1984) Paired comparisons between early treated PKU children and their matched sibling controls on intelligence and school achievement test results at eight years of age. J Inherit Metab Dis 7:86-90 (Pubitemid 14029393)
    • (1984) Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 86-90
    • Koch, R.1    Azen, C.2    Friedman, E.G.3    Williamson, M.L.4
  • 37
    • 0028534953 scopus 로고
    • Gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase is increased by oxidative stress in rat alveolar L2 epithelial cells
    • Kugelman A, Choy HA, Liu R, Shi MM, Gozal E, Forman HJ (1994) gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase is increased by oxidative stress in rat alveolar L2 epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 11:586-592
    • (1994) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.11 , pp. 586-592
    • Kugelman, A.1    Choy, H.A.2    Liu, R.3    Shi, M.M.4    Gozal, E.5    Forman, H.J.6
  • 40
    • 0027015035 scopus 로고
    • Luminol luminescence induced by 2, 2'-azo-bis-(2-amidinopropane) thermolysis
    • Lissi E, Pascual C, Del Castillo MD (1992) Luminol luminescence induced by 2, 2'-azo-bis-(2-amidinopropane) thermolysis. Free Radic Res Commun 17:299-311
    • (1992) Free Radic Res Commun , vol.17 , pp. 299-311
    • Lissi, E.1    Pascual, C.2    Del Castillo, M.D.3
  • 41
    • 0031735363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Glutamylcysteine synthetase: Mrna stabilization and independent subunit transcription by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
    • Lung Cell Mol Physiol
    • Liu R, Gao L, Choi J, Forman HJ (1998) γ-Glutamylcysteine synthetase: mRNA stabilization and independent subunit transcription by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Am J Physiol 275(Lung Cell Mol Physiol):L861-L869
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275
    • Liu, R.1    Gao, L.2    Choi, J.3    Forman, H.J.4
  • 43
    • 65049089113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of glutathione synthesis
    • Lu SC (2009) Regulation of glutathione synthesis. Mol Asp Med 30:42-59
    • (2009) Mol Asp Med , vol.30 , pp. 42-59
    • Lu, S.C.1
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0032850167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyruvate and lactate protect striatal neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced neurotoxicity
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00745.x
    • Maus M, Marin P, Israel M, Glowinski J, Prémont J (1999) Pyruvate and lactate protect striatal neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartateinduced neurotoxicity. Eur J Neurosci 11:3215-3224 (Pubitemid 29431656)
    • (1999) European Journal of Neuroscience , vol.11 , Issue.9 , pp. 3215-3224
    • Maus, M.1    Marin, P.2    Israel, M.3    Glowinski, J.4    Premont, J.5
  • 47
    • 0037421494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyruvic acid cytoprotection against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 6-hydroxydopamine and hydrogen peroxide toxicities in vitro
    • DOI 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)01327-7
    • Mazzio E, Soliman KFA (2003) Pyruvic acid cytoprotection against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 6-hydroxydopamine and hydrogen peroxide toxicities in vitro. Neurosci Lett 337:77-80 (Pubitemid 36071611)
    • (2003) Neuroscience Letters , vol.337 , Issue.2 , pp. 77-80
    • Mazzio, E.1    Soliman, K.F.A.2
  • 48
    • 34250023212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of neuropsychological symptoms of adolescents and adults with PKU
    • DOI 10.1007/s11065-007-9021-2
    • Moyle JJ, Fox AM, Arthur M, Bynevelt M, Burnett JR (2007) Metaanalysis of neuropsychological symptoms of adolescents and adults with PKU. Neuropsychol Rev 17:91-101 (Pubitemid 46889563)
    • (2007) Neuropsychology Review , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-101
    • Moyle, J.J.1    Fox, A.M.2    Arthur, M.3    Bynevelt, M.4    Burnett, J.R.5
  • 49
    • 76249097469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine and creatine deficiency syndromes: Biochemical and clinical aspects
    • Nasrallah F, Feki M, Kaabachi N (2010) Creatine and creatine deficiency syndromes: biochemical and clinical aspects. Pediatr Neurol 42:163-171
    • (2010) Pediatr Neurol , vol.42 , pp. 163-171
    • Nasrallah, F.1    Feki, M.2    Kaabachi, N.3
  • 50
    • 0031559949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of creatine kinase in inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01045-4, PII S0014579397010454
    • O'Gorman E, Beutner G, Dolder M, Koretsky AP, Brdiczka D, Wallimann T (1997) The role of creatine kinase in inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition. FEBS Lett 14:253-257 (Pubitemid 27389373)
    • (1997) FEBS Letters , vol.414 , Issue.2 , pp. 253-257
    • O'Gorman, E.1    Beutner, G.2    Dolder, M.3    Koretsky, A.P.4    Brdiczka, D.5    Wallimann, T.6
  • 51
    • 0018384650 scopus 로고
    • Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction
    • DOI 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3
    • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95:351-358 (Pubitemid 9194347)
    • (1979) Analytical Biochemistry , vol.95 , Issue.2 , pp. 351-358
    • Ohkawa, H.1    Ohishi, N.2    Yagi, K.3
  • 53
    • 0142074341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial
    • DOI 10.1098/rspb.2003.2492
    • Rae C, Digney AL, McEwan SR, Bates TC (2003) Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 270:2147-2150 (Pubitemid 37289881)
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , vol.270 , Issue.1529 , pp. 2147-2150
    • Rae, C.1    Digney, A.L.2    McEwan, S.R.3    Bates, T.C.4
  • 55
  • 57
    • 13544274222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low total antioxidant status is implicated with high 8-hydroxy-2- deoxyguanosine serum concentrations in phenylketonuria
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.11.006
    • Schulpis KH, Tsakiris S, Traeger-Synodinos J, Papassotiriou I (2005) Low total antioxidant status is implicated with high 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine serum concentrations in phenylketonuria. Clin Biochem 38:239-242 (Pubitemid 40222323)
    • (2005) Clinical Biochemistry , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 239-242
    • Schulpis, K.H.1    Tsakiris, S.2    Traeger-Synodinos, J.3    Papassotiriou, I.4
  • 58
    • 0000134296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperphenylalaninemia: Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency
    • Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D eds, 8th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
    • Scriver CR, Kaufman S (2001) Hyperphenylalaninemia: phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D (eds) The metabolic & molecular bases of inherited diseases, 8th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 1667-1724
    • (2001) The Metabolic & Molecular Bases of Inherited Diseases , pp. 1667-1724
    • Scriver, C.R.1    Kaufman, S.2
  • 60
    • 0028075841 scopus 로고
    • Quinone-induced oxidative stress elevates glutathione and induces y-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity in rat lung epithelial L2 cells
    • Shi MM, Kugelman A, Iwamoto T, Tian L, Forman HJ (1994) Quinone-induced oxidative stress elevates glutathione and induces y-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity in rat lung epithelial L2 cells. J Biol Chem 269(42):26512-26517
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , Issue.42 , pp. 26512-26517
    • Shi, M.M.1    Kugelman, A.2    Iwamoto, T.3    Tian, L.4    Forman, H.J.5
  • 62
    • 60949097113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of short and long-term exposition to high phenylalanine blood levels on oxidative damage in phenylketonuric patients
    • Sitta A, Barschak AG, Deon M, Barden AT, Biancini GB, Vargas PR et al (2009) Effect of short and long-term exposition to high phenylalanine blood levels on oxidative damage in phenylketonuric patients. Int J Dev Neurosci 27:243-247
    • (2009) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 243-247
    • Sitta, A.1    Barschak, A.G.2    Deon, M.3    Barden, A.T.4    Biancini, G.B.5    Vargas, P.R.6
  • 63
    • 0842323745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice lacking the UbCKmit isoform creatine kinase reveal slower spatial learning acquisition, diminished exploration and habituation, and reduced acoustic startle reflex responses
    • Streijger F, Jost CR, Oerlemans F, Ellenbroek BA, Cools AR, Wieringa B, Van der Zee CE (2004) Mice lacking the UbCKmit isoform of creatine kinase reveal slower spatial learning acquisition, diminished exploration and habituation, and reduced acoustic startle reflex responses. Mol Cell Biochem 256-257:305-318 (Pubitemid 38181254)
    • (2004) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.256-257 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 305-318
    • Streijger, F.1    Jost, C.R.2    Oerlemans, F.3    Ellenbroek, B.A.4    Cools, A.R.5    Wieringa, B.6    Van Der Zee, C.E.E.7
  • 64
    • 0021341544 scopus 로고
    • Transport of cystine in isolated rat hepatocytes in primary culture
    • Takada A, Bannai S (1984) Transport of cystine in isolated rat hepatocytes in primary culture. J Biol Chem 259:2441-2445 (Pubitemid 14190365)
    • (1984) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.259 , Issue.4 , pp. 2441-2445
    • Takada, A.1    Bannai, S.2
  • 65
    • 0027254260 scopus 로고
    • Brain MRI changes in phenylketonuria. Associations with dietary status
    • Thompson AJ, Tillotson S, Smith I, Kendall B, Moore SG, Brenton DP (1993) Brain MRI changes in phenylketonuria. Association with dietary status. Brain 116:811-821 (Pubitemid 23242808)
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , Issue.4 , pp. 811-821
    • Thompson, A.J.1    Tillotson, S.2    Smith, I.3    Kendall, B.4    Moore, S.G.5    Brenton, D.P.6
  • 66
    • 33646115807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine prevents behavioral alterations caused by methylmalonic acid administration into the hippocampus of rats in the open field task
    • Vasques V, Brinco F, Viegas CM, Wajner M (2006) Creatine prevents behavioral alterations caused by methylmalonic acid administration into the hippocampus of rats in the open field task. J Neurol Sci 244:23-29
    • (2006) J Neurol Sci , vol.244 , pp. 23-29
    • Vasques, V.1    Brinco, F.2    Viegas, C.M.3    Wajner, M.4
  • 67
    • 0000650706 scopus 로고
    • The open-field test: A critical review
    • Walsh RN, Cummins RA (1976) The open-field test: a critical review. Psychol Bull 83:482-504
    • (1976) Psychol Bull , vol.83 , pp. 482-504
    • Walsh, R.N.1    Cummins, R.A.2
  • 68
    • 61849155430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenylketonuria: An inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism
    • Williams RA, Mamotte CDS, Burnett JR (2008) Phenylketonuria: an inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism. Clin Biochem Rev 29:31-41
    • (2008) Clin Biochem Rev , vol.29 , pp. 31-41
    • Williams, R.A.1    Mamotte, C.D.S.2    Burnett, J.R.3
  • 69
    • 0037129967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health implications of creatine: Can oral creatine supplementation protect against neurological and atherosclerotic disease?
    • DOI 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00088-X, PII S030645220200088X
    • Wyss M, Schulze A (2002) Health implications of creatine: can oral creatine supplementation protect against neurological and atherosclerotic disease? Neuroscience 112:243-260 (Pubitemid 34607009)
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.112 , Issue.2 , pp. 243-260
    • Wyss, M.1    Schulze, A.2
  • 70
    • 0029993078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphocreatine-dependent glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles. A comparison with ATP-dependent glutamate uptake
    • Xu CJ, Klunk WE, Kanfer JN, Xiong Q, Miller G, Pettegrew JW (1996) Phosphocreatine-dependent glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles. A comparison with ATP-dependent glutamate uptake. J Biol Chem 271:13435-13440
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 13435-13440
    • Xu, C.J.1    Klunk, W.E.2    Kanfer, J.N.3    Xiong, Q.4    Miller, G.5    Pettegrew, J.W.6
  • 71
    • 36849069901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hepatocyte growth factor on glutathione synthesis, growth, and apoptosis is cell density-dependent
    • DOI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.09.015, PII S0014482707004521
    • Yang H, Magilnick N, Xia M, Lu SC (2008) Effects of hepatocyte growth factor on glutathione synthesis, growth, and apoptosis is cell density-dependent. Exp Cell Res 314:398-412 (Pubitemid 350225603)
    • (2008) Experimental Cell Research , vol.314 , Issue.2 , pp. 398-412
    • Yang, H.1    Magilnick, N.2    Xia, M.3    Lu, S.C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.