메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 385-406

Designing prodrugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

Author keywords

Bloodbrain barrier; Dopamine; l Dopa; Parkinson's disease; Prodrugs

Indexed keywords

2 AMINO 6,7 DIHYDROXYTETRALIN; 4,5,5A,6,7,11B HEXAHYDRO 9,10 DIHYDROXY 2 PROPYL 3 THIA 5 AZACYCLOPENT 1 ENA[C]PHENANTHRENE; ADROGOLIDE; AMANTADINE; ANTIPARKINSON AGENT; APOMORPHINE; BENZATROPINE; BIPERIDEN; CARBIDOPA; CARBIDOPA PLUS LEVODOPA; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; DIPIVEFRINE; ETILEVODOPA; LEVODOPA; LEVODOPA METHYL ESTER; LISURIDE; PD 148903; PRECLAMOL; RASAGILINE; ROPINIROLE; ROTIGOTINE; SELEGILINE; TRIHEXYPHENIDYL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; XP 21279;

EID: 84860358952     PISSN: 17460441     EISSN: 1746045X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.677025     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (122)
  • 3
    • 0036627211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier: Development, composition and regulation
    • DOI 10.1016/S1537-1891(02)00200-8, PII S1537189102002008
    • Wolburg H, Lippoldt A. Tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier: Development, composition and regulation. Vascul Pharmacol 2002;38:323-37 (Pubitemid 36398254)
    • (2002) Vascular Pharmacology , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 323-337
    • Wolburg, H.1    Lippoldt, A.2
  • 4
    • 0036319335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte-endothelial interactions and blood-brain barrier permeability
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00064.x
    • Abbott NJ. Astrocyte-endothelial interactions and blood-brain barrier permeability. J Anat 2002;200:629-38 (Pubitemid 34823054)
    • (2002) Journal of Anatomy , vol.200 , Issue.6 , pp. 629-638
    • Abbott, N.J.1
  • 5
    • 0141620181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and functional aspects of the blood-brain barrier
    • Begley DJ, Brightman MW. Structural and functional aspects of the blood-brain barrier. Prog Drug Res 2003;61:40-78
    • (2003) Prog. Drug Res. , vol.61 , pp. 40-78
    • Begley, D.J.1    Brightman, M.W.2
  • 6
    • 51249101710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prodrug approaches for cns delivery
    • Rautio J, Laine K, Gynther M, et al. Prodrug Approaches for CNS Delivery. AAPS J 2008;10:92-102
    • (2008) AAPS J. , vol.10 , pp. 92-102
    • Rautio, J.1    Laine, K.2    Gynther, M.3
  • 7
    • 34547632714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of carrier-mediated transport systems to the blood-brain barrier as a supporting and protecting interface for the brain; Importance for CNS drug discovery and development
    • DOI 10.1007/s11095-007-9374-5
    • Ohtsuki S, Terasaki T. Contribution of carrier-mediated transport systems to the blood-brain barrier as a supporting and protecting interface for the brain; importance for CNS drug discoveryand development. Pharm Res 2007;24:1745-58 (Pubitemid 47206624)
    • (2007) Pharmaceutical Research , vol.24 , Issue.9 , pp. 1745-1758
    • Ohtsuki, S.1    Terasaki, T.2
  • 9
    • 0042899083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier drug targeting: The future of brain drug development
    • Pardridge WM. Blood-brain barrier drug targeting: The future of brain drug development. Mol Interv 2003;3:90-105
    • (2003) Mol. Interv. , vol.3 , pp. 90-105
    • Pardridge, W.M.1
  • 10
    • 29244463365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier
    • DOI 10.1038/nrn1824
    • Abbott NJ, Ronnback L, Hansson E. Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier. Nat Rev 2006;7:41-53 (Pubitemid 41828930)
    • (2006) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-53
    • Abbott, N.J.1    Ronnback, L.2    Hansson, E.3
  • 12
    • 0033526186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The blood-brain barrier efflux transporters as a detoxifying system for the brain
    • DOI 10.1016/S0169-409X(98)00088-X, PII S0169409X9800088X
    • Terasaki T, Hosoya K. The blood-brain barrier efflux transporters as a detoxifying system for the brain. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1999;36:195-209 (Pubitemid 29121972)
    • (1999) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.36 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 195-209
    • Terasaki, T.1    Hosoya, K.-I.2
  • 13
    • 80051977273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoparticulate devices for brain drug delivery
    • Celia C, Cosco D, Paolino D, et al. Nanoparticulate Devices for Brain Drug Delivery. Med Res Rev 2011;31:716-56
    • (2011) Med. Res. Rev. , vol.31 , pp. 716-756
    • Celia, C.1    Cosco, D.2    Paolino, D.3
  • 14
    • 63349090588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical technology-strategies for drug delivery to the brain
    • Denora N, Trapani A, Laquintana V, et al. Recent advances in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical technology-strategies for drug delivery to the brain. Curr Top Med Chem 2009;9:182-96
    • (2009) Curr. Top. Med. Chem. , vol.9 , pp. 182-196
    • Denora, N.1    Trapani, A.2    Laquintana, V.3
  • 16
    • 44449162490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in drug delivery to the central nervous system by the prodrug approach
    • Pavan B, Dalpiaz A, Ciliberti N, et al. Progress in drug delivery to the central nervous system by the prodrug approach. Molecules 2008;13:1035-65
    • (2008) Molecules , vol.13 , pp. 1035-1065
    • Pavan, B.1    Dalpiaz, A.2    Ciliberti, N.3
  • 17
    • 33845784758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier delivery
    • DOI 10.1016/j.drudis.2006.10.013, PII S1359644606004363
    • Pardridge WM. Blood-brain barrier delivery. Drug Discov Today 2007;12:54-61 (Pubitemid 46014479)
    • (2007) Drug Discovery Today , vol.12 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 54-61
    • Pardridge, W.M.1
  • 18
    • 0015484902 scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier: Penetration of morphine, codeine, heroin, and methadone after carotid injection
    • Oldendorf WH, Hyman S, Braun L, et al. Blood-brain barrier: Penetration of morphine, codeine, heroin, and methadone after carotid injection. Science 1972;178:984-6
    • (1972) Science , vol.178 , pp. 984-986
    • Oldendorf, W.H.1    Hyman, S.2    Braun, L.3
  • 19
    • 0033526158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the brain targeting of neuropharmaceuticals by chemical delivery systems
    • DOI 10.1016/S0169-409X(98)00090-8, PII S0169409X98000908
    • Bodor N, Buchwald P. Recent advances in the brain targeting of neuropharmaceuticals by chemical delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1999;36:229-54 (Pubitemid 29121974)
    • (1999) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.36 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 229-254
    • Bodor, N.1    Buchwald, P.2
  • 20
    • 0036629267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to remember: Brain-targeting chemical delivery systems and Alzheimer's disease
    • DOI 10.1016/S1359-6446(02)02332-2, PII S1359644602023322
    • Bodor N, Buchwald P. Barriers to remember: Brain-Targeting chemical delivery systems and Alzheimer's disease. Drug Discov Today 2002;7:766-74 (Pubitemid 34828174)
    • (2002) Drug Discovery Today , vol.7 , Issue.14 , pp. 766-774
    • Bodor, N.1    Buchwald, P.2
  • 21
    • 0343724706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prodrugs for improved CNS delivery
    • DOI 10.1016/0169-409X(95)00106-H
    • Anderson BD. Prodrugs for improved CNS delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1996;19:171-202 (Pubitemid 26191620)
    • (1996) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-202
    • Anderson, B.D.1
  • 22
    • 34547632714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of carrier-mediated transport systems to the blood-brain barrier as a supporting and protecting interface for the brain; Importance for CNS drug discovery and development
    • DOI 10.1007/s11095-007-9374-5
    • Ohtsuki S, Terasaki T. Contribution of carrier-mediated transport systems to the blood-brain barrier as a supporting and protecting interface for the brain; importance for CNS drug discovery and development. Pharm Res 2007;24:1745-58 (Pubitemid 47206624)
    • (2007) Pharmaceutical Research , vol.24 , Issue.9 , pp. 1745-1758
    • Ohtsuki, S.1    Terasaki, T.2
  • 23
    • 0033756459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transporter-mediated permeation of drugs across the blood-brain barrier
    • Tamai I, Tsuji A. Transporter-mediated permeation of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. J Pharm Sci 2000;89:1371-88
    • (2000) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.89 , pp. 1371-1388
    • Tamai, I.1    Tsuji, A.2
  • 25
    • 0032798508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective and symptomatic strategies for therapy of Parkinson's disease
    • Blandini F, Greenamyre JT. Protective and symptomatic strategies for therapy of Parkinson's. Drugs Today 1999;35:473-83 (Pubitemid 29361812)
    • (1999) Drugs of Today , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 473-483
    • Blandini, F.1    Greenamyre, J.T.2
  • 26
    • 0020694312 scopus 로고
    • Improved delivery through biological membranes. 13. Brain-specific delivery of dopamine with a dihydropyridine ⇆ pyridinium salt type redox delivery system
    • DOI 10.1021/jm00358a013
    • Bodor N, Farag HH. Improved delivery through biological membranes. 13. Brain specific delivery of dopamine with a dihydropyridine-pyridinium salt type redox delivery system. J Med Chem 1983;26:528-34 (Pubitemid 13162296)
    • (1983) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 528-534
    • Bodor, N.1    Farag, H.H.2
  • 27
    • 0033795553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of the systemic and CNS Specific delivery of L-Dopa by the nasal administration of its water soluble prodrugs
    • Kao HD, Traboulsi A, Itoh S, et al. Enhancement of the systemic and CNS Specific delivery of L-Dopa by the nasal administration of its water. Soluble prodrugs. Pharm Res 2000;17:978-84
    • (2000) Pharm. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 978-984
    • Kao, H.D.1    Traboulsi, A.2    Itoh, S.3
  • 28
    • 12844267548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbidopa/levodopa-loaded biodegradable microspheres: In vivo evaluation on experimental Parkinsonism in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.11.004, PII S0168365904005358
    • Arica B, Kas HS, Moghdam A, et al. Carbidopa, Carbidopa/levodopa-loaded biodegradable microspheres: In vivo evaluation on experimental Parkinsonism in rats. J Control Release 2005;102:689-97 (Pubitemid 40170211)
    • (2005) Journal of Controlled Release , vol.102 , Issue.3 , pp. 689-697
    • Arica, B.1    Kas, H.S.2    Moghdam, A.3    Akalan, N.4    Hincal, A.A.5
  • 29
    • 0022443805 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in fluctuating parkinsonian patients
    • Nutt JG, Woodward WR. Levodopa pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in fluctuating parkinsonian patients. Neurology 1986;36:739-44 (Pubitemid 16056209)
    • (1986) Neurology , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 739-744
    • Nutt, J.G.1    Woodward, W.R.2
  • 30
    • 0021142576 scopus 로고
    • On-off fluctuations in Parkinson's disease
    • Hardie R, Lees AJ, Stern GM. On-off fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. Brain 1984;107:487-506
    • (1984) Brain , vol.107 , pp. 487-506
    • Hardie, R.1    Lees, A.J.2    Stern, G.M.3
  • 31
    • 0021211101 scopus 로고
    • Control of on/off phenomenon by continuous intravenous infusion of levodopa
    • Quinn N, Parkes JD, Marsden CD. Control of on/off phenomenon by continuous intravenous infusion of levodopa. Neurology 1984;34:1131-6 (Pubitemid 14068582)
    • (1984) Neurology , vol.34 , Issue.9 , pp. 1131-1136
    • Quinn, N.1    Parkes, J.D.2    Marsden, C.D.3
  • 32
    • 0030914778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor fluctuations during continuous levodopa infusions in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • DOI 10.1002/mds.870120304
    • Nutt JG, Carter JH, Lea ES, et al. Motor fluctuations during continuous levodopa infusions in patients with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1997;12:285-92 (Pubitemid 27216124)
    • (1997) Movement Disorders , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 285-292
    • Nutt, J.G.1    Carter, J.H.2    Lea, E.S.3    Woodward, W.R.4
  • 33
    • 82055208103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-Dopa Prodrugs: An overview of trends for improving Parkinson's disease treatment
    • Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, et al. L-Dopa Prodrugs: An overview of trends for improving Parkinson's disease treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2011;17:3482-93
    • (2011) Curr. Pharm. Des. , vol.17 , pp. 3482-3493
    • Di Stefano, A.1    Sozio, P.2    Cerasa, L.S.3
  • 34
    • 77953383270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early Pharmacologic treatment in Parkinson's disease
    • Hauser RA. Early Pharmacologic treatment in Parkinson's disease. Am J Manag Care 2010;16:S100-7
    • (2010) Am. J. Manag. Care , vol.16
    • Hauser, R.A.1
  • 35
    • 67649116292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New drug delivery strategies for improved Parkinson's disease therapy
    • Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Iannitelli A, et al. New drug delivery strategies for improved Parkinson's disease therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009;6:389-404
    • (2009) Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. , vol.6 , pp. 389-404
    • Di Stefano, A.1    Sozio, P.2    Iannitelli, A.3
  • 36
    • 0017703270 scopus 로고
    • Improved delivery through biological membranes. 4. Prodrugs of L Dopa
    • DOI 10.1021/jm00221a014
    • Bodor N, Sloan KB, Higuchi T, et al. Improved delivery through biological membranes 4: Prodrugs of L-dopa. J Med Chem 1977;20:1435-45 (Pubitemid 8209552)
    • (1977) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.20 , Issue.11 , pp. 1435-1445
    • Bodor, N.1    Sloan, K.B.2    Higuchi, T.3    Sasahara, K.4
  • 38
    • 0021340573 scopus 로고
    • L-Dopa methyl ester - A candidate for chronic systemic delivery of L-dopa in Parkinson's disease
    • Cooper DR, Marrel C, Van De Waterbeemd H, et al. L-Dopa methyl ester-A. candidate for chronic systemic delivery of L-Dopa in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1984;7:89-98 (Pubitemid 14138570)
    • (1984) Clinical Neuropharmacology , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 89-98
    • Cooper, D.R.1    Marrel, C.2    Testa, B.3
  • 39
    • 85012490929 scopus 로고
    • A lymphotropic prodrug of L-dopa: Synthesis, pharmacological properties, and pharmacokinetic behavior of 1,3-dihexadecanoyl-2-[(S)-2-amino-3-(3,4- dihydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]propane -1,2,3-triol
    • Garzon-Aburbeh A, Poupaert JH, Claesen M, et al. A lymphotropic prodrug of L-dopa: Synthesis, pharmacological properties, and pharmacokinetic behaviour of 1, 3-dihexadecanoyl-2-[(S)-2-Amino-3- (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoyl] propane-1,2,3-Triol. J Med Chem 1986;29:687-91 (Pubitemid 16034677)
    • (1986) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 687-691
    • Garzon-Aburbeh, A.1    Poupaert, J.H.2    Claesen, M.3    Dumont, P.4
  • 41
    • 0023225184 scopus 로고
    • L-Dopa esters as potential prodrugs: Behavioural activity in experimental models of Parkinson's disease
    • Cooper DR, Marrel C, Van De Waterbeemd H, et al. L-dopa esters as potential prodrugs: Behavioural activity in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. J Pharm Pharmacol 1987;39:627-35 (Pubitemid 17116308)
    • (1987) Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , vol.39 , Issue.8 , pp. 627-635
    • Cooper, D.R.1    Marrel, C.2    Van De Waterbeemd, H.3
  • 44
    • 0026766041 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous boluses and continuous infusions of L-DOPA methyl ester in fluctuating patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Stocchi F, Ruggieri S, Carta A, et al. Intravenous boluses and continuous infusions of L-DOPA methyl ester in fluctuating patients with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1992;7:249-56
    • (1992) Mov. Disord. , vol.7 , pp. 249-256
    • Stocchi, F.1    Ruggieri, S.2    Carta, A.3
  • 45
    • 0030006032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melamed levodopa ethylester: A novel rescue therapy for response fluctuations in Parkinson's disease
    • Djaldetti R, E, Melamed Levodopa ethylester: A novel rescue therapy for response fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 1996;39:400-4
    • (1996) Ann. Neurol. , vol.39 , pp. 400-404
    • Djaldetti, R.E.1
  • 46
    • 0033772868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and in vitro characterization of gelatin microspheres containing Levodopa for nasal administration
    • Brime B, Ballesteros MP, Frutos P. Preparation and in vitro characterization of gelatin microspheres containing Levodopa for nasal administration. J Microencapsul 2000;17:777-84
    • (2000) J. Microencapsul , vol.17 , pp. 777-784
    • Brime, B.1    Ballesteros, M.P.2    Frutos, P.3
  • 48
    • 84860376080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available from
    • Xenoport website. Available from: Www: xenoport.com/research-development/ xp21279.htm
    • Xenoport Website
  • 50
    • 77954864483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of l-dopa and its prodrug (S)-4-(2-Acetamido- 3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-1,2-phenylene diacetate in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-Tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
    • Jiang W, Lv L, Zhou S, et al. Simultaneous determination of l-dopa and its prodrug (S)-4-(2-Acetamido-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-1,2-phenylene diacetate in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-Tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010;53:751-4
    • (2010) J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. , vol.53 , pp. 751-754
    • Jiang, W.1    Lv, L.2    Zhou, S.3
  • 51
    • 77955557474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of L-dopa amide derivatives as potential prodrugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Zhou T, Hider RC, Jenner P, et al. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of L-dopa amide derivatives as potential prodrugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2010;45:4035-42
    • (2010) Eur. J. Med. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 4035-4042
    • Zhou, T.1    Hider, R.C.2    Jenner, P.3
  • 53
    • 23644438216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced cortical dopamine output and antipsychotic-like effect of raclopride with adjunctive low-dose L-dopa
    • DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.03.038, PII S0006322305004245
    • Eltayb A, Wademberg MLG, Svensson TH. Enhanced cortical dopamine output and antipsycotic-like effect of raclopride with adjunctive low-dose L-Dopa. Biol Psychiatry 2005;58:337-43 (Pubitemid 41133628)
    • (2005) Biological Psychiatry , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 337-343
    • Eltayb, A.1    Wadenberg, M.-L.G.2    Svensson, T.H.3
  • 54
    • 0028135580 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of symmetrical pseudopeptides as potential inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease
    • DOI 10.1016/0223-5234(94)90025-6
    • Langlois M, Quintard D, Abalain C. Synthesis of symmetrical pseudopeptides as potential inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease. Eur J Med Chem 1994;29:639-47 (Pubitemid 24319783)
    • (1994) European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.29 , Issue.9 , pp. 639-647
    • Langlois, M.1    Quintard, D.2    Abalain, C.3
  • 55
    • 0030026323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular hybrid drugs: Combination of more than one pharmacological property in one single molecule
    • DOI 10.1016/0928-0987(95)00029-1
    • Christiaans JAM, Timmerman H. Cardiovascular hybrid drugs: Combination of more than one pharmacological property in one single molecule. Eur J Pharm Sci 1996;4:1-22 (Pubitemid 26016569)
    • (1996) European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-22
    • Christiaans, J.A.M.1    Timmerman, H.2
  • 56
    • 0032446580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metronidazole twin ester prodrugs: Synthesis, physicochemical properties, hydrolysis kinetics and antigiardial activity
    • DOI 10.1016/S0223-5234(98)80026-3
    • Mahfouz NM, Aboul-Fadl T, Diab AK. Metronidazole twin ester prodrugs: Synthesis, physicochemical properties, hydrolysis kinetics and antigiardial activity. Eur J Med Chem 1998;33:675-83 (Pubitemid 29161317)
    • (1998) European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.33 , Issue.9 , pp. 675-683
    • Mahfouz, N.M.1    Aboul-Fadl, T.2    Diab, A.K.3
  • 57
    • 0026684129 scopus 로고
    • Pro-drugs of isoniazid: Synthesis and diffusion characteristics of acyl derivatives
    • Giannola LI, Giammona G, Alotta R. Pro-drugs of isoniazid: Synthesis and diffusion characteristics of acyl derivatives. Pharmazie 1992;47:423-5
    • (1992) Pharmazie , vol.47 , pp. 423-425
    • Giannola, L.I.1    Giammona, G.2    Alotta, R.3
  • 59
    • 0015951862 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and antireserpine activity of peptides of L-Dopa
    • Felix AM, Winter DP, Wang SS, et al. Synthesis and antireserpine activity of peptides of L-Dopa. J Med Chem 1974;17:422-6
    • (1974) J. Med. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 422-426
    • Felix, A.M.1    Winter, D.P.2    Wang, S.S.3
  • 63
    • 33750802483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maleic- and fumaric-diamides of (O,O-diacetyl)-L-Dopa-methylester as anti-Parkinson prodrugs in liposomal formulation
    • DOI 10.1080/10611860600916636, PII U336L07V66514554
    • Di Stefano A, Sozio P, Iannitelli A, et al. Maleic- and fumaric-diamides of (O,O-diacetyl)-L-Dopa-methylester as anti-Parkinson prodrugs in liposomal formulation. J Drug Target 2006;14:652-61 (Pubitemid 44712361)
    • (2006) Journal of Drug Targeting , vol.14 , Issue.9 , pp. 652-661
    • Di Stefano, A.1    Sozio, P.2    Iannitelli, A.3    Marianecci, C.4    Santucci, E.5    Carafa, M.6
  • 65
    • 77249113697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design, synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of new imidazolinones as L-DOPA prodrugs
    • Giorgioni G, Claudi F, Ruggieri S, et al. Design, synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of new imidazolinones as L-DOPA prodrugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2010;18:1834-43
    • (2010) Bioorg. Med. Chem. , vol.18 , pp. 1834-1843
    • Giorgioni, G.1    Claudi, F.2    Ruggieri, S.3
  • 66
    • 0025949443 scopus 로고
    • Prodrugs of peptides. 15. 4-Imidazolidinone prodrug derivatives of enkephalins to prevent aminopeptidase-catalyzed metabolism in plasma and absorptive mucosae
    • Rasmussen GJ, Bundgaard H. Prodrugs of peptides. 15. 4-Imidazolidinone prodrug derivatives of enkephalins to prevent aminopeptidase-catalyzed metabolism in plasma and absorptive mucosae. Int J Pharm 1991;76:113-22
    • (1991) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.76 , pp. 113-122
    • Rasmussen, G.J.1    Bundgaard, H.2
  • 67
    • 0028835703 scopus 로고
    • Drug delivery to the brain. DOPA prodrugs based on a ring-closure reaction to quaternary thiazolium compounds
    • Ishikura T, Senou T, Ishihara H, et al. Drug delivery to the brain. DOPA prodrugs based on a ring-closure reaction to quaternary thiazolium compounds. Int J Pharm 1995;116:51-63
    • (1995) Int. J. Pharm , vol.116 , pp. 51-63
    • Ishikura, T.1    Senou, T.2    Ishihara, H.3
  • 68
    • 37549063903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of organic cation transporters in dopamine uptake across olfactory and nasal respiratory tissues
    • Chemuturi NV, Donovan MD. Role of organic cation transporters in dopamine uptake across olfactory and nasal respiratory tissues. Mol Pharm 2007;4:936-42
    • (2007) Mol. Pharm. , vol.4 , pp. 936-942
    • Chemuturi, N.V.1    Donovan, M.D.2
  • 69
    • 0015579448 scopus 로고
    • 3,4-0-diacyl derivatives of dopamine
    • Casagrande C, Ferrari G. 3,4-0-diacyl derivatives of dopamine. Il Farmaco 1973;28:143-8
    • (1973) Il Farmaco , vol.28 , pp. 143-148
    • Casagrande, C.1    Ferrari, G.2
  • 70
    • 0015632681 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and pharmacology of centrally acting dopamine derivatives and analogs in relation to Parkinson's disease
    • Borgman RJ, McPhillips JJ, Stitzel RE. Synthesis and pharmacology of centrally acting dopamine derivatives and analogs in relation to Parkinson's disease. J Med Chem 1973;16:630-3
    • (1973) J. Med. Chem. , vol.16 , pp. 630-633
    • Borgman, R.J.1    McPhillips, J.J.2    Stitzel, R.E.3
  • 71
    • 0019843193 scopus 로고
    • Site-specific, sustained release of drugs to the brain
    • Bodor N, Farag HH, Brewster ME. Sitespecific, sustained release of drugs to the brain. Science 1981;214:1370-2 (Pubitemid 12135128)
    • (1981) Science , vol.214 , Issue.4527 , pp. 1370-1372
    • Bodor, N.1    Farag, H.H.2    Brewster Iii, M.E.3
  • 72
    • 0033851778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting drugs to the brain by redox chemical delivery systems
    • Prokai L, Prokai-Tatrai K, Bodor N. Targeting drugs to the brain by redox chemical delivery systems. Med Res Rev 2000;20:367-416
    • (2000) Med. Res. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 367-416
    • Prokai, L.1    Prokai-Tatrai, K.2    Bodor, N.3
  • 75
    • 0029895570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative review of dopamine receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease
    • Uitti RY, Ahlskog JE. Comparative review of dopamine receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease. CNS Drugs 1996;5:369-88 (Pubitemid 26173239)
    • (1996) CNS Drugs , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 369-388
    • Uitti, R.J.1    Ahlskog, J.E.2
  • 76
    • 0035412883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiparkinsonian activity and dyskinesia risk of ropinirole and L-DOPA combination therapy in drug naïve MPTP-lesioned common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
    • DOI 10.1002/mds.1149
    • Maratos EC, Jackson MJ, Pearce RK, et al. Antiparkinsonian activity and dyskinesia risk of ropinirole and L-DOPA combination therapy in drug naive MPTP-lesioned common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Mov Disord 2001;16:631-41 (Pubitemid 36040842)
    • (2001) Movement Disorders , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 631-641
    • Maratos, E.C.1    Jackson, M.J.2    Pearce, R.K.B.3    Jenner, P.4
  • 77
    • 0035542733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 receptor agonist, A-86929: Preclinical pharmacology and clinical data
    • Giardina WJ, Williams M. Adrogolide HCl (ABT-431; DAS-431), a Prodrug of the Dopamine D1 Receptor Agonist, A-86929: Preclinical Pharmacology and Clinical Data. CNS Drug Rev 2001;7:305-16 (Pubitemid 34016087)
    • (2001) CNS Drug Reviews , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-316
    • Giardina, W.J.1    Williams, M.2
  • 80
    • 0016775935 scopus 로고
    • Esters of apomorphine and N,N-dimethyldopamine as agonists of dopamine receptors in the rat brain in vivo
    • Baldessarini RJ, Walton KG, Borgman RJ. Esters of apomorphine and N,N-dimethyldopamine as agonists of dopamine receptors in the rat brain in vivo. Neuropharmacol 1975;14:725-31
    • (1975) Neuropharmacol , vol.14 , pp. 725-731
    • Baldessarini, R.J.1    Walton, K.G.2    Borgman, R.J.3
  • 84
    • 0037030601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new type of prodrug of catecholamines: An opportunity to improve the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • DOI 10.1021/jm025508m
    • Venhuis BJ, Wikstrom HV, Rodenhuis N, et al. A new type of prodrug of catecholamines - An opportunity to improve the treatment of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2002;45:2349-51 (Pubitemid 34595203)
    • (2002) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.45 , Issue.12 , pp. 2349-2351
    • Venhuis, B.J.1    Wikstrom, H.V.2    Rodenhuis, N.3    Sundell, S.4    Dijkstra, D.5
  • 85
    • 79960570568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of transdermal apomorphine delivery with a diester prodrug strategy
    • Liu KS, Sung KC, Al-Suwayeh SA, et al. Enhancement of transdermal apomorphine delivery with a diester prodrug strategy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011;78:422-31
    • (2011) Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. , vol.78 , pp. 422-431
    • Liu, K.S.1    Sung, K.C.2    Al-Suwayeh, S.A.3
  • 86
    • 78650550245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral apomorphine delivery from solid lipid nanoparticles with different monostearate emulsifiers: Pharmacokinetic and behavioural evaluations
    • Tsai MJ, Huang YB, Wu PC, et al. Oral apomorphine delivery from solid lipid nanoparticles with different monostearate emulsifiers: Pharmacokinetic and behavioural evaluations. J Pharm Sci 2011;100:547-57
    • (2011) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.100 , pp. 547-557
    • Tsai, M.J.1    Huang, Y.B.2    Wu, P.C.3
  • 88
    • 0141566732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orally active oxime derivatives of the dopaminergic prodrug 6-(N,N-di-n-propylamino)-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one. Synthesis and pharmacological activity
    • DOI 10.1021/jm0307786
    • Venhuis BJ, Dijkstra D, Wustrow D, et al. Orally active oxime derivatives of the dopaminergic prodrug 6-(N,N-Di-npropylamino)-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro- 2Hnaphthalen-1-one. synthesis and pharmacological activity. J Med Chem 2003;46:4136-40 (Pubitemid 37138505)
    • (2003) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.46 , Issue.19 , pp. 4136-4140
    • Venhuis, B.J.1    Dijkstra, D.2    Wustrow, D.3    Meltzer, L.T.4    Wise, L.D.5    Johnson, S.J.6    Wikstrom, H.V.7
  • 89
    • 0016324776 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of acetophenone oxime in rat liver homogenates
    • Hes J, Sternson LA. The metabolism of acetophenone oxime in rat liver homogenates. Drug Metab Dispos 1974;2:345-50
    • (1974) Drug Metab. Dispos. , vol.2 , pp. 345-350
    • Hes, J.1    Sternson, L.A.2
  • 90
    • 0013064303 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of testosterone in the isolated perfused dog liver
    • Axelrod LR, Miller LL. The metabolism of testosterone in the isolated perfused dog liver. J Biol Chem 1956;219:455-61
    • (1956) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.219 , pp. 455-461
    • Axelrod, L.R.1    Miller, L.L.2
  • 91
    • 33144479479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extremely potent orally active benzo[g]quinoline analogue of the dopaminergic prodrug: 6-(N,N-Di-n-propyl)amino-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H- naphthalen-1-one
    • DOI 10.1021/jm051111h
    • Liu D, Wikstroem HV, Dijkstra D, et al. Extremely potent orally active benzo[g] quinoline analogue of the dopaminergic prodrug: 6-(N,N-Di-n-propyl) amino-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one. J Med Chem 2006;49:1494-8 (Pubitemid 43271902)
    • (2006) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 1494-1498
    • Liu, D.1    Wikstrom, H.V.2    Dijkstra, D.3    De Vries, J.B.4    Venhuis, B.J.5
  • 92
    • 34249984765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of supposed enone prodrugs of apomorphine and N-propyl-norapomorphine
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tet.2007.04.103, PII S0040402007006941
    • Liu D, Venhuis BJ, Wikstrom HV, et al. Synthesis of supposed enone prodrugs of apomorphine and N-propyl-norapomorphine. Tetrahedron 2007;63:7264-70 (Pubitemid 46891508)
    • (2007) Tetrahedron , vol.63 , Issue.30 , pp. 7264-7270
    • Liu, D.1    Venhuis, B.J.2    Wikstrom, H.V.3    Dijkstra, D.4
  • 93
    • 0016134793 scopus 로고
    • Further evidence for the stimulation of rat brain dopamine receptors by a cyclic analogue of dopamine
    • Woodruff GN, Elkhawad AO, Crossman AR, et al. Further evidence for the stimulation of rat brain dopamine receptors by a cyclic analogue of dopamine. J Pharm Pharmacol 1974;26:740-1
    • (1974) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.26 , pp. 740-741
    • Woodruff, G.N.1    Elkhawad, A.O.2    Crossman, A.R.3
  • 94
    • 0015977974 scopus 로고
    • Long lasting stimulation of locomotor activity produced by the intraventricular injection of a cyclic analogue of dopamine into conscious mice
    • Woodruff GN, Elkhawad AO, Pinder RM. Long lasting stimulation of locomotor activity produced by the intraventricular injection of a cyclic analogue of dopamine into conscious mice. Eur J Pharmacol 1974;25:80-6
    • (1974) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.25 , pp. 80-6
    • Woodruff, G.N.1    Elkhawad, A.O.2    Pinder, R.M.3
  • 95
    • 0018898101 scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic prodrugs: Brain concentrations and neurochemical effects of 5,6- and 6,7-ADTN after administration as dibenzoyl esters
    • DOI 10.1016/0014-2999(80)90376-3
    • Westerink BH, Dijkstra D, Feenstra MG, et al. Dopaminergic prodrugs: Brain concentrations and neurochemical effects of 5,6- and 6,7-ADTN after administration as dibenzoyl esters. Eur J Pharmacol 1980;61:7-15 (Pubitemid 10178020)
    • (1980) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-15
    • Westerink, B.H.C.1    Dijkstra, D.2    Feenstra, M.G.P.3
  • 97
    • 0025327121 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of the oral bioavailability of the selective dopamine agonist N-0437 in rats: The in vitro and in vivo activity of eight ester prodrugs
    • den Daas I, Tepper PG, Horn AS. Improvement of the oral bioavailability of the selective dopamine agonist N-0437 in rats: The in vitro and in vivo activity of eight ester prodrugs. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1990;341:186-91 (Pubitemid 20102206)
    • (1990) Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology , vol.341 , Issue.3 , pp. 186-191
    • Den Daas, I.1    Tepper, P.G.2    Horn, A.S.3
  • 98
    • 0025630386 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal administration of the dopamine agonist N-0437 and seven ester prodrugs: Comparison with oral administration in the 6-OHDA turning model
    • den Daas I, Tepper PG, Rollema H, et al. Transdermal administration of the dopamine agonist N-0437 and seven ester prodrugs: Comparison with oral administration in the 6-OHDA turning model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1990;342:655-9
    • (1990) Naunyn. Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. , vol.342 , pp. 655-659
    • Den Daas, I.1    Tepper, P.G.2    Rollema, H.3
  • 99
    • 82055206096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prodrugs and endogenous transporters: Are they suitable tools for drug targeting into the central nervous system
    • Pavan B, Dalpiaz A. Prodrugs and endogenous transporters: Are they suitable tools for drug targeting into the central nervous system? Curr Pharm Des 2011;17:3560-76
    • (2011) Curr. Pharm. Des. , vol.17 , pp. 3560-3576
    • Pavan, B.1    Dalpiaz, A.2
  • 100
    • 66249128230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose promoiety enables glucose transporter mediated brain uptake of ketoprofen and indomethacin prodrugs in rat
    • Gynther M, Ropponen J, Laine K, et al. Glucose promoiety enables glucose transporter mediated brain uptake of ketoprofen and indomethacin prodrugs in rat. J Med Chem 2009;52:3348-53
    • (2009) J. Med. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 3348-3353
    • Gynther, M.1    Ropponen, J.2    Laine, K.3
  • 101
    • 49449113969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of glutathione peptidomimetics as components of anti-Parkinson prodrugs
    • More SS, Vince R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of glutathione peptidomimetics as components of anti-Parkinson prodrugs. J Med Chem 2008;51:4581-8
    • (2008) J. Med. Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 4581-4588
    • More, S.S.1    Vince, R.2
  • 102
    • 0028805325 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and Pharmacological activities of a novel tripeptide mimetic dopamine prodrug
    • Wang H, Lee J, Tsai M, et al. Synthesis and Pharmacological activities of a novel tripeptide mimetic dopamine prodrug. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1995;5:2195-8
    • (1995) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.5 , pp. 2195-2198
    • Wang, H.1    Lee, J.2    Tsai, M.3
  • 103
    • 0026579888 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of peptide carrier system to improve intestinal absorption: Targeting prolidase as a prodrug-converting enzyme
    • Bai JPF, Hu M, Subramanian P, et al. Utilization of peptide carrier system to improve intestinal absorption: Targeting prolidase as a prodrug-converting enzyme. J Pharm Sci 1992;81:113-16
    • (1992) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.81 , pp. 113-116
    • Bai, J.P.F.1    Hu, M.2    Subramanian, P.3
  • 104
    • 60549115096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Codrugs linking L-Dopa and Sulfur-containing antioxidants: New pharmacological tools against Parkinson's disease
    • Pinnen F, Cacciatore I, Cornacchia C, et al. Codrugs linking L-Dopa and Sulfur-containing antioxidants: New pharmacological tools against Parkinson's disease. J Med Chem 2009;52:559-63
    • (2009) J. Med. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 559-563
    • Pinnen, F.1    Cacciatore, I.2    Cornacchia, C.3
  • 105
    • 77953026478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-Acetyl-L-Methionyl-L-Dopa-Methyl Ester as a dual acting drug that relieves L-Dopa-induced oxidative toxicity
    • Minelli A, Conte C, Prudenzi E, et al. N-Acetyl-L-Methionyl-L-Dopa-Methyl Ester as a dual acting drug that relieves L-Dopa-induced oxidative toxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2010;49:31-9
    • (2010) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.49 , pp. 31-9
    • Minelli, A.1    Conte, C.2    Prudenzi, E.3
  • 108
    • 84860243286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CNS delivery of L-Dopa by a new Hybrid Glutathione-Methionine peptidomimetic prodrug
    • Pinnen F, Cacciatore I, Cornacchia C, et al. CNS delivery of L-Dopa by a new Hybrid Glutathione-Methionine peptidomimetic prodrug. Amino Acids 2012;42:261-9
    • (2012) Amino Acids , Issue.42 , pp. 261-269
    • Pinnen, F.1    Cacciatore, I.2    Cornacchia, C.3
  • 109
    • 0343724706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prodrugs for improved CNS delivery
    • DOI 10.1016/0169-409X(95)00106-H
    • Anderson BD. Prodrugs for improved CNS delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1996;19:171-202 (Pubitemid 26191620)
    • (1996) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-202
    • Anderson, B.D.1
  • 110
    • 0031728078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptide drug delivery into the central nervous system
    • Prokai L. Peptide drug delivery into the central nervous system. Prog Drug Res 1998;51:95-131 (Pubitemid 28511542)
    • (1998) Progress in Drug Research , vol.51 , pp. 95-131
    • Prokai, L.1
  • 112
    • 0037732576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosyl derivatives of dopamine and L-dopa as anti-Parkinson prodrugs: Syn
    • thesis, pharmacological activity and in vitro stability studies
    • Bonina F, Puglia C, Rimoli MG, et al. Glycosyl derivatives of dopamine and L-dopa as anti-Parkinson prodrugs: Synthesis, pharmacological activity and in vitro stability studies. J Drug Target 2003;11:25-36
    • (2003) J. Drug Target , vol.11 , pp. 25-36
    • Bonina, F.1    Puglia, C.2    Rimoli, M.G.3
  • 113
    • 70350492533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of dopamine and L-DOPA-Alphaglycosides by reaction with cyclomaltohexaose catalyzed by cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase
    • Yoon S, Fulton DB, Robyt JF. Synthesis of dopamine and L-DOPA-Alphaglycosides by reaction with cyclomaltohexaose catalyzed by cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase. Carbohydr Res 2009;344:2349-56
    • (2009) Carbohydr. Res. , vol.344 , pp. 2349-2356
    • Yoon, S.1    Fulton, D.B.2    Robyt, J.F.3
  • 116
    • 77950053525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design, synthesis and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of orally bioavailable prodrugs of a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor
    • Rautio J, Leppanen J, Lehtonen M, et al. Design, synthesis and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of orally bioavailable prodrugs of a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010;20:2614-16
    • (2010) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 2614-2616
    • Rautio, J.1    Leppanen, J.2    Lehtonen, M.3
  • 118
    • 54149113724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in vitro studies on a potential dopamine prodrug
    • Giannola LI, De Caro V, Giandalia G, et al. Synthesis and in vitro studies on a potential dopamine prodrug. Pharmazie 2008;63:704-10
    • (2008) Pharmazie , vol.63 , pp. 704-710
    • Giannola, L.I.1    De Caro, V.2    Giandalia, G.3
  • 119
  • 120
    • 0041819572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Org synthesis of glycosyl derivatives as dopamine prodrugs: Interaction with glucose carrier GLUT-1
    • Fernandez C, Nieto O, Fontenla JA, et al. Org. Synthesis of glycosyl derivatives as dopamine prodrugs: Interaction with glucose carrier GLUT-1. Biomol Chem 2003;1:767-71
    • (2003) Biomol. Chem. , vol.1 , pp. 767-771
    • Fernandez, C.1    Nieto, O.2    Fontenla, J.A.3
  • 121
    • 39649124467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galactosilated dopamine enters into the brain, blocks mesocorticolimbic system and modulates activity and scanning time in Naples high excitability rats
    • Ruocco LA, Viggiano D, Viggiano A, et al. Galactosilated dopamine enters into the brain, blocks mesocorticolimbic system and modulates activity and scanning time in Naples high excitability rats. Neuroscience 2008;152:234-44
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.152 , pp. 234-244
    • Ruocco, L.A.1    Viggiano, D.2    Viggiano, A.3
  • 122
    • 0023237437 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa methyl ester treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Juncos JL, Mouradian MM, Fabbrini G, et al. Levodopa methyl ester treatment of Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1987;37:1242-5 (Pubitemid 17130766)
    • (1987) Neurology , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 1242-1245
    • Juncos, J.L.1    Mouradian, M.M.2    Fabbrini, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.