Chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6: Questions and answers

Reviews in Medical Virology

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 144-155

  Pellett, Philip E ^a   Ablashi, Dharam V ^b   Ambros, Peter F ^c   Agut, Henri ^d   Caserta, Mary T ^e   Descamps, Vincent ^f   Flamand, Louis ^g   Gautheret Dejean, Agnès ^d   Hall, Caroline B ^e   Kamble, Rammurti T ^h   Kuehl, Uwe ⁱ   Lassner, Dirk ^j   Lautenschlager, Irmeli ^k   Loomis, Kristin S ^b   Luppi, Mario ^l   Lusso, Paolo ^m   Medveczky, Peter G ⁿ   Montoya, Jose G ^o   Mori, Yasuko ^p   Ogata, Masao ^q   Pritchett, Joshua C ^b   Rogez, Sylvie ^r   Seto, Edward ^s   Ward, Katherine N ^t   Yoshikawa, Tetsushi ^u   Razonable, Raymund R ^v   more..

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b The HHV 6 Foundation   (United States)

^c CHILDREN'S CANCER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Austria)

^d PITIÉ SALPÊTRIÈRE HOSPITAL   (France)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY   (United States)

^f BICHAT HOSPITAL   (France)

^g UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

^h BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

ⁱ CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^j Institute for Cardiac Diagnosis and Treatment   (Germany)

^k UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^l UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA   (Italy)

^m NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

ⁿ UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^o STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^p KOBE UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^q OITA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^r DUPUYTREN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (France)

^s H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^t UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^u FUJITA HEALTH UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^v MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLOPURINOL; AMOXICILLIN; BUTYRIC ACID; CARBAMAZEPINE; GANCICLOVIR; HYDROCORTISONE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; TRICHOSTATIN A; VALPROIC ACID; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS PROTEIN;

BLOOD DONOR; CHROMOSOME; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRESS SYNDROME; GENOME; GERM LINE; HERPES VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 6; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; NONHUMAN; OOCYTE; ORGAN DONOR; PHENOTYPE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREGNANCY; REVIEW; SPERM; SPERM DONOR; STEM CELL; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS REPLICATION;

CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN; HERPESVIRUS 6, HUMAN; HUMANS; ROSEOLOVIRUS INFECTIONS; VIRUS INTEGRATION;

EID: 84860306214     PISSN: 10529276     EISSN: 10991654     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.715     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Clark DA, Ward KN. Importance of chromosomally integrated HHV-6A and -6B in the diagnosis of active HHV-6 infection. Herpes 2008; 15(2): 28-32.
2. Yamanishi K, Mori M, Pellett PE. Human herpesvirus 6 and 7, 5 ed. Fields Virology ed. David PMH, Knipe M Vol. 1. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia 2007.
3. Morissette G, Flamand L. Herpesviruses and chromosomal integration. Journal of Virology 2010; 84(23): 12100-12109.
4. Arbuckle JH, Medveczky PG. The molecular biology of human herpesvirus-6 latency and telomere integration. Microbes Infect 2011.
5. Pellett PE, T.G. Human herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8., in Manual of Clinical Microbiology. F.G. Versalovic KCC, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Warnock DW. ASM Press: Washington, D.C. 2011.
6. Lee SO, Brown RA, Razonable RR. Clinical significance of pretransplant chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus-6 in liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 2011; 92(2): 224-229.
7. Yamashita N, Morishima T. HHV-6 and seizures. Herpes 2005; 12(2): 46-49.
8. Ichiyama T, et al. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of cytokines in acute encephalopathy associated with human herpesvirus-6 infection. Brain & Development 2009; 31(10): 731-738.
9. Seeley WW, Marty FM, Holmes TM, et al. Post-transplant acute limbic encephalitis: clinical features and relationship to HHV6. Neurology 2007; 69(2): 156-165.
10. Gorniak RJ, Young GS, Wiese DE, Marty FM, Schwartz RB. MR imaging of human herpesvirus-6-associated encephalitis in 4 patients with anterograde amnesia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2006; 27(4): 887-891.
11. Bollen AE, Wartan AN, Krikke AP, Haaxma-Reiche H. Amnestic syndrome after lung transplantation by human herpes virus-6 encephalitis. Journal of Neurology 2001; 248(7): 619-620.
12. Zerr DM, Fann JR, Breiger D, et al. HHV-6 reactivation and its effect on delirium and cognitive functioning in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients. Blood 2011; 117(19): 5243-5249.
13. Maric I, Bryant R, Abu-Asab M, et al. Human herpesvirus-6-associated acute lymphadenitis in immunocompetent adults. Modern Pathology 2004; 17(11): 1427-1433.
14. Revest M, Minjolle S, Veyer D, Lagathu G, Michelet C, Colimon R. Detection of HHV-6 in over a thousand samples: new types of infection revealed by an analysis of positive results. Journal of Clinical Virology 2011; 51(1): 20-24.
15. Lamoth F, Jayet PY, Aubert JD, et al. Case report: human herpesvirus 6 reactivation associated with colitis in a lung transplant recipient. Journal of Medical Virology 2008; 80(10): 1804-1807.
16. Amo K, Tanaka-Taya K, Inagi R, et al. Human herpesvirus 6B infection of the large intestine of patients with diarrhea. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2003; 36(1): 120-123.
17. Chevret L, Boutolleau D, Halimi-Idri N, et al. Human herpesvirus-6 infection: a prospective study evaluating HHV-6 DNA levels in liver from children with acute liver failure. Journal of Medical Virology 2008; 80(6): 1051-1057.
18. Yoshikawa T. Human herpesvirus 6 causes hepatitis in transplant recipients. Internal Medicine 2006; 45(7): 417-418.
19. Peppercorn AF, Miller MB, Fitzgerald D, Weber DJ, Groben PA, Cairns BA. High-level human herpesvirus-6 viremia associated with onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: report of two cases. Journal of Burn Care & Research 2010; 31(2): 365-368.
20. Chapenko S, Folkmane I, Ziedina I, et al. Association of HHV-6 and HHV-7 reactivation with the development of chronic allograft nephropathy. Journal of Clinical Virology 2009; 46(1): 29-32.
21. Tohyama M, Hashimoto K, Yasukawa M, et al. Association of human herpesvirus 6 reactivation with the flaring and severity of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. British Journal of Dermatology 2007; 157(5): 934-940.
22. Marabelle A, Bergeron C, Billaud G, Mekki Y, Girard S. Hemophagocytic syndrome revealing primary HHV-6 infection. Journal de Pediatria 2010; 157(3): 511.
23. Dharancy S, Crombe V, Copin MC, et al. Fatal hemophagocytic syndrome related to human herpesvirus-6 reinfection following liver transplantation: a case report. Transplantation Proceedings 2008; 40(10): 3791-3793.
24. Kuhl U, Pauschinger M, Noutsias M, et al. High prevalence of viral genomes and multiple viral infections in the myocardium of adults with "idiopathic" left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 2005; 111(7): 887-893.
25. Leveque N, Boulagnon C, Brasselet C, et al. A fatal case of human herpesvirus 6 chronic myocarditis in an immunocompetent adult. Journal of Clinical Virology 2011.
26. Mahrholdt H, Wagner A, Deluigi CC, et al. Presentation, patterns of myocardial damage, and clinical course of viral myocarditis. Circulation 2006; 114(15): 1581-1590.
27. Yamaguchi N, Takatsuka H, Wakae T, et al. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia following stem cell transplantation. Clinical Transplantation 2003; 17(4): 338-346.
28. Cone RW, Hackman RC, Huang ML, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 in lung tissue from patients with pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation. The New England Journal of Medicine 1993; 329(3): 156-161.
29. Hammerling JA, Lambrecht RS, Kehl KS, Carrigan DR. Prevalence of human herpesvirus 6 in lung tissue from children with pneumonitis. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1996; 49(10): 802-804.
30. Kano Y, Inaoka M, Shiohara T. Association between anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome and human herpesvirus 6 reactivation and hypogammaglobulinemia. Archives of Dermatology 2004; 140(2): 183-188.
31. Takatsuka H, Wakae T, Mori A, et al. Endothelial damage caused by cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus-6. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2003; 31(6): 475-479.
32. Matsuda Y, Hara J, Miyoshi H, et al. Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with reactivation of human herpesvirus-6 following high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation in young children. Bone Marrow Transplantation 1999; 24(8): 919-923.
33. Martinez A, Alvarez-Lafuente R, Mas A, et al. Environment-gene interaction in multiple sclerosis: human herpesvirus 6 and MHC2TA. Human Immunology 2007; 68(8): 685-689.
34. Garcia-Montojo M, De Las Heras V, Dominguez-Mozo M, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 and effectiveness of interferon beta 1b in multiple sclerosis patients. European Journal of Neurology 2011. 18(8): 1027-1035.
35. Lusso P, Crowley RW, Malnati MS, et al. Human herpesvirus 6Aaccelerates AIDS progression in macaques. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007; 104(12): 5067-5072.
36. Lusso P, Gallo RC. Human herpesvirus 6 in AIDS. Immunology Today 1995; 16(2): 67-71.
37. Emery VC, Atkins MC, Bowen EF, et al. Interactions between beta-herpesviruses and human immunodeficiency virus in vivo: evidence for increased human immunodeficiency viral load in the presence of human herpesvirus 6. Journal of Medical Virology 1999; 57(3): 278-282.
38. Crawford JR, Kadom N, Santi MR, Mariani B, Lavenstein BL. Human herpesvirus 6 rhombencephalitis in immunocompetent children. Journal of Child Neurology 2007; 22(11): 1260-1268.
39. Potenza L, Luppi M, Barozzi P, et al. HHV-6A in syncytial giant-cell hepatitis. The New England Journal of Medicine 2008; 359(6): 593-602.
40. Ablashi DV, Devin CL, Yoshikawa T, et al. Review part 3: human herpesvirus-6 in multiple non-neurological diseases. Journal of Medical Virology 2010; 82(11): 1903-1910.
41. Yao K, Crawford JR, Komaroff AL, Ablashi DV, Jacobson S. Review part 2: human herpesvirus-6 in central nervous system diseases. Journal of Medical Virology 2010; 82(10): 1669-1678.
42. Luppi M, Barozzi P, Bosco R, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 latency characterized by high viral load: chromosomal integration in many, but not all, cells. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2006; 194(7): 1020-1021; author reply 1021-3.
43. Clark DA, Nacheva EP, Leong HN, et al. Transmission of integrated human herpesvirus 6 through stem cell transplantation: implications for laboratory diagnosis. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2006; 193(7): 912-916.
44. Kamble RT, Clark DA, Leong HN, Heslop HE, Brenner MK, Carrum G. Transmission of integrated human herpesvirus-6 in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2007; 40(6): 563-566.
45. Parcells MS, Arumugaswami V, Prigge JT, Pandya K, Dienglewicz RL. Marek's disease virus reactivation from latency: changes in gene expression at the origin of replication. Poultry Science 2003; 82(6): 893-898.
46. Reisinger J, Rumpler S, Lion T, Ambros PF. Visualization of episomal and integrated Epstein-Barr virus DNA by fiber fluorescence in situ hybridization. International Journal of Cancer 2006; 118(7): 1603-1608.
47. Hubacek P, Maalouf J, Zajickova M, et al. Failure of multiple antivirals to affect high HHV-6 DNAaemia resulting from viral chromosomal integration in case of severe aplastic anaemia. Haematologica 2007; 92(10): e98-e100.
48. Arbuckle JH, Medveczky MM, Luka J, et al. The latent human herpesvirus-6A genome specifically integrates in telomeres of human chromosomes in vivo and in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010; 107(12): 5563-5568.
49. Delecluse HJ, Hammerschmidt W Status of Marek's disease virus in established lymphoma cell lines: herpesvirus integration is common. Journal of Virology 1993; 67(1): 82-92.
50. Hall CB, Caserta MT, Schnabel KC, et al. Transplacental congenital human herpesvirus 6 infection caused by maternal chromosomally integrated virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010; 201(4): 505-507.
51. Mardivirin L, Valeyrie-Allanore L, Branlant-Redon E, et al. Amoxicillin-induced flare in patients with DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms): report of seven cases and demonstration of a direct effect of amoxicillin on human herpesvirus 6 replication in vitro. European Journal of Dermatology 2010; 20(1): 68-73.
52. Mardivirin L, Descamps V, Lacroix A, Delebassee S, Ranger-Rogez S. Early effects of drugs responsible for DRESS on HHV-6 replication in vitro. Journal of Clinical Virology 2009; 46(3): 300-302.
53. Eshki M, Allanore L, Musette P, et al. Twelve-year analysis of severe cases of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: a cause of unpredictable multiorgan failure. Archives of Dermatology 2009; 145(1): 67-72.
54. Caserta MT, Hall CB, Schnabel K, et al. Diagnostic assays for active infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). Journal of Clinical Virology 2010; 48(1): 55-57.
55. Leong HN, Tuke PW, Tedder RS, et al. The prevalence of chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6 genomes in the blood of UK blood donors. Journal of Medical Virology 2007; 79(1): 45-51.
56. Deback C, Geli J, Ait-Arkoub Z, et al. Use of the Roche LightCycler 480 system in a routine laboratory setting for molecular diagnosis of opportunistic viral infections: evaluation on whole blood specimens and proficiency panels. Journal of Virological Methods 2009; 159(2): 291-294.
57. Ward KN, Leong HN, Nacheva EP, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 chromosomal integration in immunocompetent patients results in high levels of viral DNA in blood, sera, and hair follicles. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2006; 44(4): 1571-1574.
58. Hall CB, Caserta MT, Schnabel K, et al. Chromosomal integration of human herpesvirus 6 is the major mode of congenital human herpesvirus 6 infection. Pediatrics 2008; 122(3): 513-520.
59. Ogata M, Kikuchi H, Satou T, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 DNA in plasma after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: incidence and clinical significance. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2006; 193(1): 68-79.
60. Secchiero P, Carrigan DR, Asano Y, et al. Detection of human herpesvirus 6 in plasma of children with primary infection and immunosuppressed patients by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1995; 171(2): 273-280.
61. Brands-Nijenhuis AV, van Loo IH, Schouten HC, van Gelder M. Temporal relationship between HHV 6 and graft vs host disease in a patient after haplo-identical SCT and severe T-cell depletion. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010.
62. Gautheret-Dejean A, Henquell C, Mousnier F, et al. Different expression of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) load in whole blood may have a significant impact on the diagnosis of active infection. Journal of Clinical Virology 2009; 46(1): 33-36.
63. Ward KN, Leong HN, Thiruchelvam AD, Atkinson CE, Clark DA. Human herpesvirus 6 DNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid due to primary infection differ from those due to chromosomal viral integration and have implications for diagnosis of encephalitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2007; 45(4): 1298-1304.
64. HHV-6-Foundation. CIHHV-6 Testing Information. 2011 [cited 2011 August 22, 2011]; Available from.
65. Hubacek P, Virgili A, Ward KN, et al. HHV-6 DNA throughout the tissues of two stem cell transplant patients with chromosomally integrated HHV-6 and fatal CMV pneumonitis. British Journal of Haematology 2009; 145(3): 394-398.
66. Tanaka-Taya K, Sashihara J, Kurahashi H, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is transmitted from parent to child in an integrated form and characterization of cases with chromosomally integrated HHV-6 DNA. Journal of Medical Virology 2004; 73(3): 465-473.
67. Loginov R, Karlsson T, Hockerstedt K, Ablashi D, Lautenschlager I. Quantitative HHV-6B antigenemia test for the monitoring of transplant patients. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2010; 29(7): 881-886.
68. Flamand L, Komaroff AL, Arbuckle JH, Medveczky PG, Ablashi DV. Review, part 1: human herpesvirus-6-basic biology, diagnostic testing, and antiviral efficacy. Journal of Medical Virology 2010; 82(9): 1560-1568.
69. Ishiyama K, Katagiri T, Ohata K, et al. Safety of pre-engraftment prophylactic foscarnet administration after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2011.
70. Tokimasa S, Hara J, Osugi Y, et al. Ganciclovir is effective for prophylaxis and treatment of human herpesvirus-6 in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2002; 29(7): 595-598.
71. Rapaport D, Engelhard D, Tagger G, Or R, Frenkel N. Antiviral prophylaxis may prevent human herpesvirus-6 reactivation in bone marrow transplant recipients. Transplant Infectious Disease 2002; 4(1): 10-16.
72. Razonable RR, Zerr DM. HHV-6, HHV-7 and HHV-8 in solid organ transplant recipients. American Journal of Transplantation 2009; 9(Suppl 4): S97-S100.
73. Zerr DM, Gupta D, Huang ML, Carter R, Corey L. Effect of antivirals on human herpesvirus 6 replication in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2002; 34(3): 309-317.
74. Lautenschlager I, Lappalainen M, Linnavuori K, Suni J, Hockerstedt K. CMV infection is usually associated with concurrent HHV-6 and HHV-7 antigenemia in liver transplant patients. Journal of Clinical Virology 2002; 25(Suppl 2): S57-S61.
75. Ishiyama K, Katagiri T, Hoshino T, Yoshida T, Yamaguchi M, Nakao S. Preemptive therapy of human herpesvirus-6 encephalitis with foscarnet sodium for high-risk patients after hematopoietic SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010.
76. Ljungman P, de la Camara R, Cordonnier C, et al. Management of CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and Kaposi-sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8) infections in patients with hematological malignancies and after SCT. Bone Marrow Transplantation 2008; 42(4): 227-240.
77. Hall CB, Caserta MT, Schnabel KC, et al. Congenital infections with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7). Journal de Pediatria 2004; 145(4): 472-477.
78. Hudnall SD, Chen T, Allison P, Tyring SK, Heath A. Herpesvirus prevalence and viral load in healthy blood donors by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Transfusion 2008; 48(6): 1180-1187.
79. Ward KN, Thiruchelvam AD, Couto-Parada X. Unexpected occasional persistence of high levels of HHV-6 DNA in sera: detection of variants A and B. Journal of Medical Virology 2005; 76(4): 563-570.
80. Lee SO, Brown RA, Razonable R.R.l. Clinical Significance of Pretransplant Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus-6 in Liver Transplant Recipients. Transplantation 2011.
81. Griffiths PD, Ait-Khaled M, Bearcroft CP, et al. Human herpesviruses 6 and 7 as potential pathogens after liver transplant: prospective comparison with the effect of cytomegalovirus. Journal of Medical Virology 1999; 59(4): 496-501.
82. Hubacek P, Muzikova K, Hrdlickova A, et al. Prevalence of HHV-6 integrated chromosomally among children treated for acute lymphoblastic or myeloid leukemia in the Czech Republic. Journal of Medical Virology 2009; 81(2): 258-263.
83. Potenza L, Barozzi P, Masetti M, et al. Prevalence of human herpesvirus-6 chromosomal integration (CIHHV-6) in Italian solid organ and allogeneic stem cell transplant patients. American Journal of Transplantation 2009; 9(7): 1690-1697.
84. Ward KN. The natural history and laboratory diagnosis of human herpesviruses-6 and -7 infections in the immunocompetent. Journal of Clinical Virology 2005; 32(3): 183-193.
85. Torelli G, Barozzi P, Marasca R, et al. Targeted integration of human herpesvirus 6 in the p arm of chromosome 17 of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vivo. Journal of Medical Virology 1995; 46(3): 178-188.
86. Kidd IM, Clark DA, Sabin CA, et al. Prospective study of human betaherpesviruses after renal transplantation: association of human herpesvirus 7 and cytomegalovirus co-infection with cytomegalovirus disease and increased rejection. Transplantation 2000; 69(11): 2400-2404.
87. Lee SO, Brown RA, Eid AJ, Razonable RR. Chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus-6 in kidney transplant recipients. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation 2011; 26(7): 2391-2393.