메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 470-480

A biogeographical assessment of anthropogenic threats to areas where different frog breeding groups occur in South Africa: Implications for anuran conservation

Author keywords

Amphibians; Anthropogenic threats; Biogeographical scale; Life history traits; National scale; Protected areas network; South Africa

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; BREEDING POPULATION; BREEDING SITE; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; FROG; HUMAN ACTIVITY; INVASIVE SPECIES; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; PROTECTED AREA; RANGE SIZE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SPECIES CONSERVATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL REGION;

EID: 84859435693     PISSN: 13669516     EISSN: 14724642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00870.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (8)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 2342531400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland
    • ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer) - SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • Alexander, G.J., Harrison, J.A., Fairbanks, D.H. & Navarro, R.A. (2004) Biogeography of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer ), pp. 31-47. SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • (2004) Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland , pp. 31-47
    • Alexander, G.J.1    Harrison, J.A.2    Fairbanks, D.H.3    Navarro, R.A.4
  • 2
    • 0034214386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate, vegetation, and predictable gradients in mammal species richness in southern Africa
    • Andrews, P. & O'Brien, E.M. (2000) Climate, vegetation, and predictable gradients in mammal species richness in southern Africa. Journal of Zoology (London), 251, 205-231.
    • (2000) Journal of Zoology (London) , vol.251 , pp. 205-231
    • Andrews, P.1    O'Brien, E.M.2
  • 3
    • 84859426705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: conservation assessments of the amphibians of South Africa and the World
    • ed. by G.J. Measey) - SANBI Biodiversity Series 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
    • Angulo, A., Hoffmann, M. & Measey, G.J. (2011) Introduction: conservation assessments of the amphibians of South Africa and the World. Ensuring a future for South Africa's frogs: a strategy for conservation research (ed. by G.J. Measey ), pp. 1-9. SANBI Biodiversity Series 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
    • (2011) Ensuring a future for South Africa's frogs: a strategy for conservation research , pp. 1-9
    • Angulo, A.1    Hoffmann, M.2    Measey, G.J.3
  • 4
    • 0013444808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. Statistics South Africa, Pretoria.
    • Anonymous. (2001) Population census 2001. Statistics South Africa, Pretoria.
    • (2001) Population census 2001
  • 5
    • 47849119172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation status of herpetofauna endemic to KwaZulu-Natal
    • Armstrong, A.J. (2001) Conservation status of herpetofauna endemic to KwaZulu-Natal. African Journal of Herpetology, 50, 79-96.
    • (2001) African Journal of Herpetology , vol.50 , pp. 79-96
    • Armstrong, A.J.1
  • 6
    • 47149092595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extinction risk assessment at the population and species level: implications for amphibian conservation
    • Becker, C.G. & Loyola, R.D. (2008) Extinction risk assessment at the population and species level: implications for amphibian conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17, 2297-2304.
    • (2008) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.17 , pp. 2297-2304
    • Becker, C.G.1    Loyola, R.D.2
  • 8
    • 74549118296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating species life-history traits and patterns of deforestation in amphibian conservation planning
    • Becker, C.G., Loyola, R.D., Haddad, C.F.B. & Zamudio, K.R. (2010) Integrating species life-history traits and patterns of deforestation in amphibian conservation planning. Diversity and Distributions, 16, 10-19.
    • (2010) Diversity and Distributions , vol.16 , pp. 10-19
    • Becker, C.G.1    Loyola, R.D.2    Haddad, C.F.B.3    Zamudio, K.R.4
  • 9
    • 20444419403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The amphibian decline crisis: a watershed for conservation biology?
    • Beebee, T.J.C. & Griffiths, R.A. (2005) The amphibian decline crisis: a watershed for conservation biology? Biological Conservation, 126, 271-285.
    • (2005) Biological Conservation , vol.126 , pp. 271-285
    • Beebee, T.J.C.1    Griffiths, R.A.2
  • 10
    • 0036311462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complexities in conservation: lessons from the global decline of amphibian populations
    • Blaustein, A.R. & Kiesecker, J.M. (2002) Complexities in conservation: lessons from the global decline of amphibian populations. Ecology Letters, 5, 597-608.
    • (2002) Ecology Letters , vol.5 , pp. 597-608
    • Blaustein, A.R.1    Kiesecker, J.M.2
  • 12
    • 78650417427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic sampling bias in the South African frog atlas project: implications for conservation planning
    • Botts, E.A., Erasmus, B.F.N. & Alexander, G.J. (2011) Geographic sampling bias in the South African frog atlas project: implications for conservation planning. Biodiversity and Conservation, 20, 119-139.
    • (2011) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.20 , pp. 119-139
    • Botts, E.A.1    Erasmus, B.F.N.2    Alexander, G.J.3
  • 13
    • 2342569355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation status and threats
    • ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer) - SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • Branch, W.R. & Harrison, J.A. (2004) Conservation status and threats. Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer ), pp. 31-47. SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • (2004) Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland , pp. 31-47
    • Branch, W.R.1    Harrison, J.A.2
  • 14
    • 0029473161 scopus 로고
    • The tortoises (Testudinidae) and terrapins (Pelomedusidae) of southern Africa: Their diversity, distribution and conservation
    • Branch, W.R., Benn, G.A. & Lombard, A.T. (1995) The tortoises (Testudinidae) and terrapins (Pelomedusidae) of southern Africa: Their diversity, distribution and conservation. South African Journal of Zoology, 30, 91-102.
    • (1995) South African Journal of Zoology , vol.30 , pp. 91-102
    • Branch, W.R.1    Benn, G.A.2    Lombard, A.T.3
  • 15
    • 34248574486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation value of the Egoli Granite, an endemic grassland in Gauteng, South Africa
    • Bredenkamp, G.J., Brown, L.R. & Pfab, M.F. (2006) Conservation value of the Egoli Granite, an endemic grassland in Gauteng, South Africa. Koedoe, 49, 59-66.
    • (2006) Koedoe , vol.49 , pp. 59-66
    • Bredenkamp, G.J.1    Brown, L.R.2    Pfab, M.F.3
  • 17
    • 0037336680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and amphibian declines: is there a link?
    • Carey, C. & Alexander, M.A. (2003) Climate change and amphibian declines: is there a link? Diversity and Distributions, 9, 111-121.
    • (2003) Diversity and Distributions , vol.9 , pp. 111-121
    • Carey, C.1    Alexander, M.A.2
  • 18
    • 84859429184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artholeptella
    • ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer) - SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • Channing, A. (2004) Artholeptella. Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer ), pp. 209-219. SI/MAB Series #9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • (2004) Atlas and red data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland , pp. 209-219
    • Channing, A.1
  • 19
    • 85015439203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and documenting species diversity
    • ed. by G.J. Measey. SANBI Biodiversity Series 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
    • Channing, A., Measey, G.J., Minter, L. & Harvey, J. (2011) Understanding and documenting species diversity. Ensuring a future for South Africa's frogs: a strategy for conservation research (ed. by G.J. Measey ), pp. 12-17. SANBI Biodiversity Series 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
    • (2011) Ensuring a future for South Africa's frogs: a strategy for conservation research , pp. 12-17
    • Channing, A.1    Measey, G.J.2    Minter, L.3    Harvey, J.4
  • 20
    • 33947179497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography and hotspots of amphibian species of China: implications to reserve selection and conservation
    • Chen, Y. & Bi, J. (2007) Biogeography and hotspots of amphibian species of China: implications to reserve selection and conservation. Current Science, 92, 480-489.
    • (2007) Current Science , vol.92 , pp. 480-489
    • Chen, Y.1    Bi, J.2
  • 22
    • 0037336732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses
    • Collins, J.P. & Storfer, A. (2003) Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses. Diversity and Distributions, 9, 89-98.
    • (2003) Diversity and Distributions , vol.9 , pp. 89-98
    • Collins, J.P.1    Storfer, A.2
  • 23
    • 0038739088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial: Introduction to systematic conservation planning in the Cape Floristic Region
    • Cowling, R.M. & Pressey, R.L. (2003) Editorial: Introduction to systematic conservation planning in the Cape Floristic Region. Biological Conservation, 112, 1-13.
    • (2003) Biological Conservation , vol.112 , pp. 1-13
    • Cowling, R.M.1    Pressey, R.L.2
  • 25
    • 85017018368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic distribution: Bufo gutturalis
    • De Villiers, A.L. (2006) Geographic distribution: Bufo gutturalis. African Herpetology News, 40, 28-29.
    • (2006) African Herpetology News , vol.40 , pp. 28-29
    • De Villiers, A.L.1
  • 26
    • 0029503963 scopus 로고
    • Anuran distribution, diversity and conservation in South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland
    • Drinkrow, D.R. & Cherry, M.I. (1995) Anuran distribution, diversity and conservation in South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African Journal of Zoology, 30, 82-90.
    • (1995) South African Journal of Zoology , vol.30 , pp. 82-90
    • Drinkrow, D.R.1    Cherry, M.I.2
  • 28
    • 0029731910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collapse of regional frog fauna in the Yosemite area of the California Sierra Nevada, USA
    • Drost, C.A. & Fellers, G.M. (1996) Collapse of regional frog fauna in the Yosemite area of the California Sierra Nevada, USA. Conservation Biology, 10, 414-425.
    • (1996) Conservation Biology , vol.10 , pp. 414-425
    • Drost, C.A.1    Fellers, G.M.2
  • 30
    • 84859432841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESRI Inc. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands California.
    • ESRI Inc. (1998) Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands California.
    • (1998)
  • 31
  • 33
    • 1142272592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing alien plant invasions in Kruger National Park
    • ed. by L.E. Chid, J.H. Brock, G. Brundu, K. Prach, P. Pysek, P.M. Wade and M. Williamson. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
    • Foxcroft, L.C. & Richardson, D.M. (2003) Managing alien plant invasions in Kruger National Park. Plant invasions: ecological threats and management solutions (ed. by L.E. Chid, J.H. Brock, G. Brundu, K. Prach, P. Pysek, P.M. Wade and M. Williamson ), pp. 385-404. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
    • (2003) Plant invasions: ecological threats and management solutions , pp. 385-404
    • Foxcroft, L.C.1    Richardson, D.M.2
  • 34
    • 33947505931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk assessment of riparian plant invasions into protected areas
    • Foxcroft, L.C., Rouget, M. & Richardson, D.M. (2007) Risk assessment of riparian plant invasions into protected areas. Conservation Biology, 21, 412-421.
    • (2007) Conservation Biology , vol.21 , pp. 412-421
    • Foxcroft, L.C.1    Rouget, M.2    Richardson, D.M.3
  • 36
    • 60349131784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate delineation of biogeographic regions depends on the use of an appropriate distance measure
    • Gagné, S. & Proulx, R. (2009) Accurate delineation of biogeographic regions depends on the use of an appropriate distance measure. Journal of Biogeography, 36, 561-562.
    • (2009) Journal of Biogeography , vol.36 , pp. 561-562
    • Gagné, S.1    Proulx, R.2
  • 37
    • 19644399356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and extinction: species and people
    • Gaston, K.J. (2005) Biodiversity and extinction: species and people. Progress in Physical Geography, 29, 239-247.
    • (2005) Progress in Physical Geography , vol.29 , pp. 239-247
    • Gaston, K.J.1
  • 38
    • 1642519151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist
    • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds)
    • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds) (2003) Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia, 14, 1-1231.
    • (2003) Strelitzia , vol.14 , pp. 1-1231
  • 39
    • 84859422376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Biodiversity occurrence data. Available at: (accessed 8 June).
    • Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Biodiversity occurrence data. Available at: (accessed 8 June 2009).
    • (2009)
  • 40
    • 4644223624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Willow (Salix rubens) invasion of the riparian zone in south eastern Australia: reduced abundance and altered composition of terrestrial arthropods
    • Greenwood, H., O'Dowd, D.J. & Lake, P.S. (2004) Willow (Salix rubens) invasion of the riparian zone in south eastern Australia: reduced abundance and altered composition of terrestrial arthropods. Diversity and Distributions, 10, 485-492.
    • (2004) Diversity and Distributions , vol.10 , pp. 485-492
    • Greenwood, H.1    O'Dowd, D.J.2    Lake, P.S.3
  • 41
    • 0032581490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A declining amphibian conundrum
    • Halliday, T. (1998) A declining amphibian conundrum. Nature, 394, 418-419.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.394 , pp. 418-419
    • Halliday, T.1
  • 42
    • 34447505074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography of European land mammals shows environmentally distinct and spatially coherent clusters
    • Heikinheimo, H., Fortelius, M., Eronen, J. & Mannila, H. (2007) Biogeography of European land mammals shows environmentally distinct and spatially coherent clusters. Journal of Biogeography, 34, 1053-1064.
    • (2007) Journal of Biogeography , vol.34 , pp. 1053-1064
    • Heikinheimo, H.1    Fortelius, M.2    Eronen, J.3    Mannila, H.4
  • 43
    • 60349090899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clustering should not be compared by visual inspection: response to Gagné & Proulx
    • Heikinheimo, H., Fortelius, M., Eronen, J. & Mannila, H. (2009) Clustering should not be compared by visual inspection: response to Gagné & Proulx. Journal of Biogeography, 36, 563-567.
    • (2009) Journal of Biogeography , vol.36 , pp. 563-567
    • Heikinheimo, H.1    Fortelius, M.2    Eronen, J.3    Mannila, H.4
  • 44
    • 0002434205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Southern African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA)
    • Henderson, L. (1998) Southern African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA). Applied Plant Science, 12, 31-32.
    • (1998) Applied Plant Science , vol.12 , pp. 31-32
    • Henderson, L.1
  • 45
    • 0003488264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Southern African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA) and its contribution to biological weed control
    • Henderson, L. (1999) The Southern African Plant Invaders Atlas (SAPIA) and its contribution to biological weed control. African Entomology, 1, 159-163.
    • (1999) African Entomology , vol.1 , pp. 159-163
    • Henderson, L.1
  • 47
    • 0346431871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chytridiomycosis in Northern and Western Cape frog populations, South Africa
    • Hopkins, S. & Channing, A. (2003) Chytridiomycosis in Northern and Western Cape frog populations, South Africa. Herpetological Review, 34, 334-336.
    • (2003) Herpetological Review , vol.34 , pp. 334-336
    • Hopkins, S.1    Channing, A.2
  • 48
  • 49
    • 0034144294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent?
    • Hughes, L. (2000) Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 15, 56-61.
    • (2000) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.15 , pp. 56-61
    • Hughes, L.1
  • 50
    • 49449098836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The maintenance of a positive spatial correlation between South African bird species richness and human population density
    • Hugo, S. & van Rensburg, B.J. (2008) The maintenance of a positive spatial correlation between South African bird species richness and human population density. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 17, 611-621.
    • (2008) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.17 , pp. 611-621
    • Hugo, S.1    van Rensburg, B.J.2
  • 51
    • 84859422375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IUCN, Conservation International, and NatureServe. () An analysis of amphibians on the IUCN red list. Available at: (accessed 21 March 2010).
    • IUCN, Conservation International, and NatureServe. (2008) An analysis of amphibians on the IUCN red list. Available at: (accessed 21 March 2010).
    • (2008)
  • 52
    • 34249329595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of components incorporated in conservation priority assessments: a case study based on South African species of terrestrial mammals
    • Keith, M., Chimimba, C.T., Reyers, B. & van Jaarsveld, A.S. (2007) A comparative analysis of components incorporated in conservation priority assessments: a case study based on South African species of terrestrial mammals. African Zoology, 42, 97-111.
    • (2007) African Zoology , vol.42 , pp. 97-111
    • Keith, M.1    Chimimba, C.T.2    Reyers, B.3    van Jaarsveld, A.S.4
  • 53
    • 79955716527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An examination of amphibian sensitivity to environmental contaminants: are amphibians poor canaries?
    • Kerby, J.L., Richards-Hrdlicka, K.L., Storfer, A. & Skelly, D.K. (2009) An examination of amphibian sensitivity to environmental contaminants: are amphibians poor canaries? Ecology Letters, 12, 1-8.
    • (2009) Ecology Letters , vol.12 , pp. 1-8
    • Kerby, J.L.1    Richards-Hrdlicka, K.L.2    Storfer, A.3    Skelly, D.K.4
  • 55
    • 0033857805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of invading alien plants on surface water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment
    • Le Maitre, D.C., Versfeld, D.B. & Chapman, R.A. (2000) The impact of invading alien plants on surface water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment. Water South Africa, 26, 398-408.
    • (2000) Water South Africa , vol.26 , pp. 398-408
    • Le Maitre, D.C.1    Versfeld, D.B.2    Chapman, R.A.3
  • 56
    • 0004170691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd English edn. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam.
    • Legendre, P. & Legendre, L. (1998) Numerical ecology, 2nd English edn. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam.
    • (1998) Numerical ecology
    • Legendre, P.1    Legendre, L.2
  • 57
    • 0035206203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geographical structure of British bird distributions: diversity, spatial turnover and scale
    • Lennon, J.J., Koleff, P., Greenwood, J.J.D. & Gaston, K.J. (2001) The geographical structure of British bird distributions: diversity, spatial turnover and scale. Journal of Animal Ecology, 70, 966-979.
    • (2001) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 966-979
    • Lennon, J.J.1    Koleff, P.2    Greenwood, J.J.D.3    Gaston, K.J.4
  • 58
    • 15244359015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ongoing invasion of African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) in Chile: causes of concern
    • Lobos, G. & Jaksic, F.M. (2005) The ongoing invasion of African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) in Chile: causes of concern. Biodiversity and Conservation, 14, 429-439.
    • (2005) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.14 , pp. 429-439
    • Lobos, G.1    Jaksic, F.M.2
  • 59
    • 0037728938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive populations of Xenopus laevis (Daudin) in Chile
    • Lobos, G. & Measey, G.J. (2002) Invasive populations of Xenopus laevis (Daudin) in Chile. Herpetological Journal, 12, 163-168.
    • (2002) Herpetological Journal , vol.12 , pp. 163-168
    • Lobos, G.1    Measey, G.J.2
  • 60
    • 47749149983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hung out to dry: choice of priority ecoregions for conserving threatened neotropical anurans depends on life history traits
    • Loyola, R.D., Becker, C.G., Kubota, U., Haddad, C.F.B., Fonseca, C.R. & Lewinsohn, T.M. (2008) Hung out to dry: choice of priority ecoregions for conserving threatened neotropical anurans depends on life history traits. PLoS ONE, 3, e2120.
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3
    • Loyola, R.D.1    Becker, C.G.2    Kubota, U.3    Haddad, C.F.B.4    Fonseca, C.R.5    Lewinsohn, T.M.6
  • 61
    • 77957233237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What drives the positive correlation between human population density and bird species richness in Australia
    • Luck, G.W., Smallbone, L., McDonald, S. & Duffy, D. (2010) What drives the positive correlation between human population density and bird species richness in Australia. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19, 673-983.
    • (2010) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.19 , pp. 673-983
    • Luck, G.W.1    Smallbone, L.2    McDonald, S.3    Duffy, D.4
  • 62
    • 13444255680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green frogs shows reduced foraging success in habitats invaded by Japanese knotweed
    • Maerz, J.C., Blossey, B. & Nuzzo, B. (2005) Green frogs shows reduced foraging success in habitats invaded by Japanese knotweed. Biodiversity and Conservation, 14, 2901-2911.
    • (2005) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.14 , pp. 2901-2911
    • Maerz, J.C.1    Blossey, B.2    Nuzzo, B.3
  • 64
    • 0032424438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet of feral Xenopus laevis in South Wales, U.K
    • Measey, G.J. (1998) Diet of feral Xenopus laevis in South Wales, U.K. Journal of Zoology (London), 246, 287-298.
    • (1998) Journal of Zoology (London) , vol.246 , pp. 287-298
    • Measey, G.J.1
  • 66
    • 84859431343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Struggling against domestic exotics at the southern end of Africa
    • Measey, G.J. & Davies, S.J. (2011) Struggling against domestic exotics at the southern end of Africa. FrogLog, 97, 28-30.
    • (2011) FrogLog , vol.97 , pp. 28-30
    • Measey, G.J.1    Davies, S.J.2
  • 67
    • 71649100834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A river runs through it: land-use and the composition of vegetation along a riparian corridor in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa
    • Meek, C.S., Richardson, D.M. & Mucina, L. (2010) A river runs through it: land-use and the composition of vegetation along a riparian corridor in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. Biological Conservation, 143, 156-164.
    • (2010) Biological Conservation , vol.143 , pp. 156-164
    • Meek, C.S.1    Richardson, D.M.2    Mucina, L.3
  • 68
    • 33745880392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting amphibian declines and extinctions
    • Mendelson, J.R. III, Lips, K.R., Gagliardo, R.W. et al. (2006) Confronting amphibian declines and extinctions. Science, 313, 48.
    • (2006) Science , vol.313 , pp. 48
    • Mendelson III, J.R.1    Lips, K.R.2    Gagliardo, R.W.3
  • 69
    • 84859423685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breviceps
    • ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer) - SI/MAB Series no. 9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • Minter, L.R. (2004) Breviceps. Atlas and red data book of frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (ed. by L.R. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braack, P.J. Bishop and D. Kloepfer ), pp. 169-195. SI/MAB Series no. 9. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
    • (2004) Atlas and red data book of frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland , pp. 169-195
    • Minter, L.R.1
  • 72
    • 0002109924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grassland
    • ed. by R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson and S.M. Pierce. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • O'Connor, T.G. & Bredenkamp, G.J. (1997) Grassland. Vegetation of Southern Africa (ed. by R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson and S.M. Pierce ), pp. 215-257. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Vegetation of Southern Africa , pp. 215-257
    • O'Connor, T.G.1    Bredenkamp, G.J.2
  • 73
    • 33845663238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scale dependence of the correlation between human population presence and vertebrate and plant species richness
    • Pautasso, M. (2007) Scale dependence of the correlation between human population presence and vertebrate and plant species richness. Ecology Letters, 10, 16-24.
    • (2007) Ecology Letters , vol.10 , pp. 16-24
    • Pautasso, M.1
  • 75
    • 0001602763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributions of amphibians in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar and Seychelles
    • ed. by W.E. Dulleman. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
    • Poynton, J.C. (1999) Distributions of amphibians in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar and Seychelles. Patterns of distributions of amphibians: a global perspective (ed. by W.E. Dulleman ), pp. 359-483. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
    • (1999) Patterns of distributions of amphibians: a global perspective , pp. 359-483
    • Poynton, J.C.1
  • 77
    • 0002540021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation
    • ed. by R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson and S.M. Pierce. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Rebelo, A.G. (1997) Conservation. Vegetation of Southern Africa (ed. by R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson and S.M. Pierce ), pp. 571-590. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Vegetation of Southern Africa , pp. 571-590
    • Rebelo, A.G.1
  • 78
    • 1842845108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating anthropogenic threats into evaluations of regional biodiversity and prioritization of conservation areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
    • Reyers, B. (2004) Incorporating anthropogenic threats into evaluations of regional biodiversity and prioritization of conservation areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Biological Conservation, 118, 521-531.
    • (2004) Biological Conservation , vol.118 , pp. 521-531
    • Reyers, B.1
  • 79
    • 0034951410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priority areas for the conservation of South African vegetation: a course-filter approach
    • Reyers, B., Fairbanks, D.H.K. & van Jaarsveld, A.S. (2001) Priority areas for the conservation of South African vegetation: a course-filter approach. Diversity and Distributions, 7, 79-95.
    • (2001) Diversity and Distributions , vol.7 , pp. 79-95
    • Reyers, B.1    Fairbanks, D.H.K.2    van Jaarsveld, A.S.3
  • 80
    • 34547898776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing products for conservation decision-making: lessons from a spatial biodiversity assessment for South Africa
    • Reyers, B., Rouget, M., Cowling, R.M., Driver, A., Maze, K. & Desmet, P. (2007) Developing products for conservation decision-making: lessons from a spatial biodiversity assessment for South Africa. Diversity and Distributions, 13, 608-619.
    • (2007) Diversity and Distributions , vol.13 , pp. 608-619
    • Reyers, B.1    Rouget, M.2    Cowling, R.M.3    Driver, A.4    Maze, K.5    Desmet, P.6
  • 82
    • 26944443441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species richness of alien plants in South Africa: environmental correlates and relationship with indigenous plants species richness
    • Richardson, D.M., Rouget, M., Ralston, S.J., Cowling, R.M., van Rensburg, B.J. & Thuiller, W. (2005) Species richness of alien plants in South Africa: environmental correlates and relationship with indigenous plants species richness. Ecoscience, 12, 391-402.
    • (2005) Ecoscience , vol.12 , pp. 391-402
    • Richardson, D.M.1    Rouget, M.2    Ralston, S.J.3    Cowling, R.M.4    van Rensburg, B.J.5    Thuiller, W.6
  • 83
    • 11144355406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity
    • Rodrigues, A.S.L., Andelman, S.J., Bakkar, M.I. et al. (2004) Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity. Nature, 428, 640-643.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 640-643
    • Rodrigues, A.S.L.1    Andelman, S.J.2    Bakkar, M.I.3
  • 85
    • 0035685912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biogeography of Anura of sub-equatorial Africa and the prioritisation of areas for their conservation
    • Seymour, C.L., de Klerk, H.M., Channing, A. & Crowe, T.M. (2001) The biogeography of Anura of sub-equatorial Africa and the prioritisation of areas for their conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 2045-2076.
    • (2001) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.10 , pp. 2045-2076
    • Seymour, C.L.1    de Klerk, H.M.2    Channing, A.3    Crowe, T.M.4
  • 87
    • 0004249246 scopus 로고
    • 2nd edn. W. H. Freeman & Company, San Francisco, California.
    • Sokal, R.R. & Rohlf, F.J. (1981) Biometry, 2nd edn. W. H. Freeman & Company, San Francisco, California.
    • (1981) Biometry
    • Sokal, R.R.1    Rohlf, F.J.2
  • 88
    • 0004173999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statsoft Inc. Stasoft, Inc., Tulsa, OK.
    • Statsoft Inc. (2005) Statistica for windows. Stasoft, Inc., Tulsa, OK.
    • (2005) Statistica for windows
  • 89
  • 91
    • 0029668316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The standard land-cover classification for remote-sensing in South Africa
    • Thompson, M. (1996) The standard land-cover classification for remote-sensing in South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 92, 34-42.
    • (1996) South African Journal of Science , vol.92 , pp. 34-42
    • Thompson, M.1
  • 92
    • 38849209287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconstructing a controversial local range expansion: conservation biogeography of the painted reed frog (Hyperolius marmoratus) in South Africa
    • Tolley, K.A., Davies, S.J. & Chown, S.L. (2008) Deconstructing a controversial local range expansion: conservation biogeography of the painted reed frog (Hyperolius marmoratus) in South Africa. Diversity and Distributions, 14, 400-411.
    • (2008) Diversity and Distributions , vol.14 , pp. 400-411
    • Tolley, K.A.1    Davies, S.J.2    Chown, S.L.3
  • 93
    • 77954749706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeography of the clicking stream frog Strongylopus grayii (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) reveals cryptic divergence across climatic zones in an abundant and widespread taxon
    • Tolley, K.A., Braae, A. & Cunningham, M. (2010) Phylogeography of the clicking stream frog Strongylopus grayii (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) reveals cryptic divergence across climatic zones in an abundant and widespread taxon. African Journal of Herpetology, 59, 17-32.
    • (2010) African Journal of Herpetology , vol.59 , pp. 17-32
    • Tolley, K.A.1    Braae, A.2    Cunningham, M.3
  • 94
    • 79960104812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-locus phylogeny and evolution of reproductive modes in the Pyxicephalidae, an African endemic clade of frogs
    • Van der Meijden, A., Crottini, A., Tarrant, J., Turner, A. & Vences, M. (2011) Multi-locus phylogeny and evolution of reproductive modes in the Pyxicephalidae, an African endemic clade of frogs. African Journal of Herpetology, 60, 1-12.
    • (2011) African Journal of Herpetology , vol.60 , pp. 1-12
    • Van der Meijden, A.1    Crottini, A.2    Tarrant, J.3    Turner, A.4    Vences, M.5
  • 96
    • 2142665814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial congruence of ecological transition at the regional scale in South Africa
    • Van Rensburg, B.J., Koleff, P., Gaston, K.J. & Chown, S.L. (2004b) Spatial congruence of ecological transition at the regional scale in South Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 843-854.
    • (2004) Journal of Biogeography , vol.31 , pp. 843-854
    • Van Rensburg, B.J.1    Koleff, P.2    Gaston, K.J.3    Chown, S.L.4
  • 98
    • 44649122245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alien reptiles and amphibians in South Africa: towads a pragmatic management strategy
    • Van Wilgen, N.J., Richardson, D.M. & Baard, E.H.W. (2008) Alien reptiles and amphibians in South Africa: towads a pragmatic management strategy. South African Journal of Science, 104, 13-20.
    • (2008) South African Journal of Science , vol.104 , pp. 13-20
    • Van Wilgen, N.J.1    Richardson, D.M.2    Baard, E.H.W.3
  • 100
    • 84859433961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WDPA. World Database on Protected Areas. IUCN-WPCA & UNEP-WCMC, Washington, DC.
    • WDPA. (2004) World Database on Protected Areas. IUCN-WPCA & UNEP-WCMC, Washington, DC.
    • (2004)
  • 103
    • 0030470035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping variations in the strength and breath of biogeographic transition zones using species turnover
    • Williams, P.H. (1996) Mapping variations in the strength and breath of biogeographic transition zones using species turnover. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B Biological Sciences, 263, 579-588.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B Biological Sciences , vol.263 , pp. 579-588
    • Williams, P.H.1
  • 104
    • 0032752758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpreting biogeographical boundaries among Afrotropical birds: spatial patterns in richness gradients and species replacements
    • Williams, P.H., de Klerk, H.M. & Crowe, T.M. (1999) Interpreting biogeographical boundaries among Afrotropical birds: spatial patterns in richness gradients and species replacements. Journal of Biogeography, 26, 459-474.
    • (1999) Journal of Biogeography , vol.26 , pp. 459-474
    • Williams, P.H.1    de Klerk, H.M.2    Crowe, T.M.3
  • 105
    • 38149032319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of environment, human activity and space in explaining species richness of South African bird orders
    • Wilson, J.W., van Rensburg, B.J., Ferguson, J.W.H. & Keith, M. (2008) The relative importance of environment, human activity and space in explaining species richness of South African bird orders. Journal of Biogeography, 35, 342-352.
    • (2008) Journal of Biogeography , vol.35 , pp. 342-352
    • Wilson, J.W.1    van Rensburg, B.J.2    Ferguson, J.W.H.3    Keith, M.4
  • 106
    • 0004252445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3rd edn. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
    • Zar, J.H. (1996) Biostatistical analysis, 3rd edn. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
    • (1996) Biostatistical analysis
    • Zar, J.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.