메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1249, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 166-190

Climate change and the ecology and evolution of Arctic vertebrates

Author keywords

Adaptations; Geese; Impacts; Large herbivores; Lemmings; Marine mammals; Mismatches; Parasites; Phenological changes; Plasticity; Polar bear; Range shifts; Rodents; Sea ice; Seabirds; Shorebirds; Threat; Trophic interactions; Tundra

Indexed keywords

SNOW;

EID: 84857481095     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06412.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (178)

References (221)
  • 1
    • 0037187586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological responses to recent climate change
    • Walther, G.-R. et al 2002. Ecological responses to recent climate change. Nature, 416: 389-395.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 389-395
    • Walther, G.-R.1
  • 2
    • 33748994063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and evolutionary responses to recent climate change
    • Parmesan, C. 2006. Ecological and evolutionary responses to recent climate change. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 37: 637-669.
    • (2006) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. , vol.37 , pp. 637-669
    • Parmesan, C.1
  • 4
    • 0001206113 scopus 로고
    • Arctic animals in relation to climatic fluctuations
    • Vibe, C. 1967. Arctic animals in relation to climatic fluctuations. Meddelelser om Grønland 170: 1-227.
    • (1967) Meddelelser om Grønland , vol.170 , pp. 1-227
    • Vibe, C.1
  • 5
    • 1942537030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical analysis of sea ice conditions in M'Clintock Channel and the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut: implications for ringed seal and polar bear habitat
    • Barber, D.G. & J. Iacozza 2004. Historical analysis of sea ice conditions in M'Clintock Channel and the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut: implications for ringed seal and polar bear habitat. Arctic 57: 1-14.
    • (2004) Arctic , vol.57 , pp. 1-14
    • Barber, D.G.1    Iacozza, J.2
  • 6
    • 8844236794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACIA Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • ACIA. 2005. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • (2005) Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
  • 7
    • 77249124959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale atmospheric circulation changes are associated with the recent loss of Arctic sea ice
    • Overland, J.E. & M.Y. Wang 2010. Large-scale atmospheric circulation changes are associated with the recent loss of Arctic sea ice. Tellus Series a-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanogr. 62: 1-9.
    • (2010) Tellus Series a-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanogr. , vol.62 , pp. 1-9
    • Overland, J.E.1    Wang, M.Y.2
  • 8
    • 77954815369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of sea ice in the Arctic
    • Polyak, L. et al 2010. History of sea ice in the Arctic. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29: 1757-1778.
    • (2010) Quat. Sci. Rev. , vol.29 , pp. 1757-1778
    • Polyak, L.1
  • 9
    • 0037413628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    • Parmesan, C. & G. Yohe 2003. A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature 421: 37-42.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 37-42
    • Parmesan, C.1    Yohe, G.2
  • 10
    • 0037413654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants
    • Root, T.L. et al 2003. Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants. Nature 421: 57-60.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 57-60
    • Root, T.L.1
  • 12
    • 80855138712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection, reproduction and predation of wintering lemmings in the Arctic
    • Duchesne, D., G. Gauthier & D. Berteaux, 2011. Habitat selection, reproduction and predation of wintering lemmings in the Arctic. Oecologia 167: 967-980.
    • (2011) Oecologia , vol.167 , pp. 967-980
    • Duchesne, D.1    Gauthier, G.2    Berteaux, D.3
  • 13
    • 0029501585 scopus 로고
    • Response of stoat (Mustela erminea) to a fluctuating lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) population in North East Greenland: preliminary results from a long term study
    • Sittler, B. 1995. Response of stoat (Mustela erminea) to a fluctuating lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) population in North East Greenland: preliminary results from a long term study. Ann. Zool. Fennici 32: 79-92.
    • (1995) Ann. Zool. Fennici , vol.32 , pp. 79-92
    • Sittler, B.1
  • 14
    • 84857473652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lemming winter habitat choice: a snow-fencing experiment. Oecologia, in press. doi:
    • Reid, D., F. Bilodeau, et al Lemming winter habitat choice: a snow-fencing experiment. Oecologia, in press. doi:
    • Reid, D.1    Bilodeau, F.2
  • 15
    • 55549141550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking climate change to lemming cycles
    • Kausrud, K.L. et al 2008. Linking climate change to lemming cycles. Nature 456: 93-97.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.456 , pp. 93-97
    • Kausrud, K.L.1
  • 16
    • 66749167061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and cyclic predator-prey population dynamics in the high-Arctic
    • Gilg, O., B. Sittler & I. Hanski 2009. Climate change and cyclic predator-prey population dynamics in the high-Arctic. Global Change Biol. 15: 2634-2652.
    • (2009) Global Change Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 2634-2652
    • Gilg, O.1    Sittler, B.2    Hanski, I.3
  • 17
    • 26044475843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local-scale and short-term herbivore-plant spatial dynamics reflect influences of large-scale climate
    • Forchhammer, M. et al 2005. Local-scale and short-term herbivore-plant spatial dynamics reflect influences of large-scale climate. Ecology 86: 2644-2651.
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 2644-2651
    • Forchhammer, M.1
  • 18
    • 54549091038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear effects of climate and density in the dynamics of a fluctuating population of reindeer
    • Tyler, N.J.C., M.C. Forchhammer & N.A. Oritsland 2008. Nonlinear effects of climate and density in the dynamics of a fluctuating population of reindeer. Ecology 89: 1675-1686.
    • (2008) Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 1675-1686
    • Tyler, N.J.C.1    Forchhammer, M.C.2    Oritsland, N.A.3
  • 19
    • 0030301931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are African wintering waders really forced south by competition from northerly wintering conspecifics? Benefits and constraints of northern versus southern wintering and breeding in waders
    • Meltofte, H. 1996. Are African wintering waders really forced south by competition from northerly wintering conspecifics? Benefits and constraints of northern versus southern wintering and breeding in waders. Ardea 84: 31-44.
    • (1996) Ardea , vol.84 , pp. 31-44
    • Meltofte, H.1
  • 20
    • 4243628663 scopus 로고
    • Snow Bunting and McKay's Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis, and Plectrophenax hyperboreus
    • A. Poole & F. Gill, eds. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and the American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
    • Lyon, B. & R. Montgomerie 1995. Snow Bunting and McKay's Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis, and Plectrophenax hyperboreus). In Birds of North America No. 198-199. A. Poole & F. Gill, eds. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and the American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
    • (1995) In Birds of North America No. 198-199
    • Lyon, B.1    Montgomerie, R.2
  • 21
    • 41349120791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of climate variation on the breeding ecology of Arctic shorebirds
    • Meltofte, H. et al 2007. Effects of climate variation on the breeding ecology of Arctic shorebirds. Meddelelser om Grønland-Bioscience 59: 1-48.
    • (2007) Meddelelser om Grønland-Bioscience , vol.59 , pp. 1-48
    • Meltofte, H.1
  • 22
    • 77950400446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete mitochondrial genome of a Pleistocene jawbone unveils the origin of polar bear
    • Lindqvist, C. et al 2010. Complete mitochondrial genome of a Pleistocene jawbone unveils the origin of polar bear. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 5053-5057.
    • (2010) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 5053-5057
    • Lindqvist, C.1
  • 23
    • 12344324517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus)
    • In G.A. Feldhamer, B.C. Thopmson & J.A. Chapman, eds.: Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD
    • Amstrup, S.C. 2003. Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus). In Wild Mammals of North America: Biology, Management and Conservation. G.A. Feldhamer, B.C. Thopmson & J.A. Chapman, eds.: 587-610. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD
    • (2003) Wild Mammals of North America: Biology, Management and Conservation , pp. 587-610
    • Amstrup, S.C.1
  • 24
    • 84857349363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of fast ice and glacier fronts for female polar bears and their cubs during spring in Svalbard, Norway. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., in press. doi:.
    • Freitas, C. et al 2012. Importance of fast ice and glacier fronts for female polar bears and their cubs during spring in Svalbard, Norway. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., in press. doi:.
    • (2012)
    • Freitas, C.1
  • 26
    • 49249086221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of climate change on polar bears
    • Wiig, O., J. Aars & E.W. Born 2008. Effects of climate change on polar bears. Sci. Prog. 91: 151-173.
    • (2008) Sci. Prog. , vol.91 , pp. 151-173
    • Wiig, O.1    Aars, J.2    Born, E.W.3
  • 27
    • 0027832980 scopus 로고
    • Possible impacts of climatic warming on polar bears
    • Stirling, I. & A.E. Derocher 1993. Possible impacts of climatic warming on polar bears. Arctic 46: 240-245.
    • (1993) Arctic , vol.46 , pp. 240-245
    • Stirling, I.1    Derocher, A.E.2
  • 29
    • 44349146233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of earlier sea ice breakup on survival and population size of polar bears in western Hudson bay
    • Regehr, E.V. et al 2007. Effects of earlier sea ice breakup on survival and population size of polar bears in western Hudson bay. J. Wildlife Manag. 71: 2673-2683.
    • (2007) J. Wildlife Manag. , vol.71 , pp. 2673-2683
    • Regehr, E.V.1
  • 30
    • 72449141076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival and breeding of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea in relation to sea ice
    • Regehr, E.V. et al 2010. Survival and breeding of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea in relation to sea ice. J. Animal Ecol. 79: 117-127.
    • (2010) J. Animal Ecol. , vol.79 , pp. 117-127
    • Regehr, E.V.1
  • 31
    • 34548543290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landward and eastward shift of Alaskan polar bear denning associated with recent sea ice changes
    • Fischbach, A., S. Amstrup & D. Douglas 2007. Landward and eastward shift of Alaskan polar bear denning associated with recent sea ice changes. Polar Biol. 30: 1395-1405.
    • (2007) Polar Biol. , vol.30 , pp. 1395-1405
    • Fischbach, A.1    Amstrup, S.2    Douglas, D.3
  • 32
    • 33749362518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent observations of intraspecific predation and cannibalism among polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea
    • Amstrup, S.C. et al 2006. Recent observations of intraspecific predation and cannibalism among polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea. Polar Biol. V29: 997-1002.
    • (2006) Polar Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 997-1002
    • Amstrup, S.C.1
  • 33
    • 33745714320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of mortality associated with extended open-water swimming by polar bears in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea
    • Monnett, C. & J. Gleason 2006. Observations of mortality associated with extended open-water swimming by polar bears in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. Polar Biol. 29: 681-687.
    • (2006) Polar Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 681-687
    • Monnett, C.1    Gleason, J.2
  • 34
    • 79957838359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of long-distance swimming and travel over deep-water pack ice for a female polar bear during a year of extreme sea ice retreat
    • Durner, G.M. et al 2011. Consequences of long-distance swimming and travel over deep-water pack ice for a female polar bear during a year of extreme sea ice retreat. Polar Biol. 34: 975-984.
    • (2011) Polar Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 975-984
    • Durner, G.M.1
  • 35
    • 33748852243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and climate change: a worst-case combination for arctic marine mammals and seabirds?
    • Jenssen, B.M. 2006. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and climate change: a worst-case combination for arctic marine mammals and seabirds? Environ. Health Perspect. 114: 76-80.
    • (2006) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.114 , pp. 76-80
    • Jenssen, B.M.1
  • 36
    • 0002769351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whales and climate change
    • In M.P. Simmonds & J.D. Hutchinson, eds.: John Wiley and Sons. Chichester, UK
    • MacGarvin, M. & M.P. Simmonds 1996. Whales and climate change. In The Conservation of Whales and Dolphins, Science Practice. M.P. Simmonds & J.D. Hutchinson, eds.: 321-332. John Wiley and Sons. Chichester, UK
    • (1996) The Conservation of Whales and Dolphins, Science Practice , pp. 321-332
    • MacGarvin, M.1    Simmonds, M.P.2
  • 37
    • 0031407114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations and predictions of Arctic climatic change: potential effects on marine mammals
    • Tynan, C.T. & D.P. DeMaster 1997. Observations and predictions of Arctic climatic change: potential effects on marine mammals. Arctic 50: 308-322.
    • (1997) Arctic , vol.50 , pp. 308-322
    • Tynan, C.T.1    DeMaster, D.P.2
  • 38
    • 1942541000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and ice breeding pinnipeds
    • In, G.-R. Walther, C.A. Burga & P.J. Edwards, eds.: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publications, New York
    • Kelly, B.P. 2001. Climate change and ice breeding pinnipeds. In "Fingerprints" of Climate Change, G.-R. Walther, C.A. Burga & P.J. Edwards, eds.: 43-55. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publications, New York
    • (2001) "Fingerprints" of Climate Change , pp. 43-55
    • Kelly, B.P.1
  • 39
    • 27744508911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in sea ice cover on the east coast of Canada from 1969 to 2002: climate variability and implications for harp and hooded seals
    • Johnston, D.W. et al 2005. Variation in sea ice cover on the east coast of Canada from 1969 to 2002: climate variability and implications for harp and hooded seals. Clim. Res. 29: 209-222.
    • (2005) Clim. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 209-222
    • Johnston, D.W.1
  • 40
    • 33847643237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of climate change on marine mammals: early signs of significant problems
    • Simmonds, M.P. & S.J. Isaac 2007. The impacts of climate change on marine mammals: early signs of significant problems. Oryx 41: 19-26.
    • (2007) Oryx , vol.41 , pp. 19-26
    • Simmonds, M.P.1    Isaac, S.J.2
  • 41
    • 79952573817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of changing sea-ice conditions on Arctic marine mammals
    • Kovacs, K. et al 2011. Impacts of changing sea-ice conditions on Arctic marine mammals. Mar. Biodivers. 41: 181-194.
    • (2011) Mar. Biodivers. , vol.41 , pp. 181-194
    • Kovacs, K.1
  • 42
    • 48149098669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change impacts on seals and whales in the North Atlantic Arctic and adjacent shelf seas
    • Kovacs, K.M. & C. Lydersen 2008. Climate change impacts on seals and whales in the North Atlantic Arctic and adjacent shelf seas. Sci. Prog. 91: 117-150.
    • (2008) Sci. Prog. , vol.91 , pp. 117-150
    • Kovacs, K.M.1    Lydersen, C.2
  • 43
    • 50149086142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the sensitivity of Arctic marine mammals to climate-induced habitat change
    • Laidre, K. et al 2008. Quantifying the sensitivity of Arctic marine mammals to climate-induced habitat change. Ecol. Appl. 18(Suppl.): S97-S125.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Laidre, K.1
  • 44
    • 45249097629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic marine mammals and climate change: impacts and resilience
    • Moore, S.E. & H.P. Huntington 2008. Arctic marine mammals and climate change: impacts and resilience. Ecol. Appl. 18: S157-S165.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Moore, S.E.1    Huntington, H.P.2
  • 45
    • 50049133982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation of Arctic marine mammals faced with climate change
    • Ragen, T.J., H.P. Huntington & G.K. Hovelsrud 2008. Conservation of Arctic marine mammals faced with climate change. Ecol. Appl. 18: S166-S174.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Ragen, T.J.1    Huntington, H.P.2    Hovelsrud, G.K.3
  • 46
    • 77956513952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatology of the Nordic (Irminger, Greenland, Barents, Kara and White/Pechora) Seas ice cover based on 85 GHz satellite microwave radiometry: 1992-2008
    • Kern, S., L. Kaleschke & G. Spreen 2010. Climatology of the Nordic (Irminger, Greenland, Barents, Kara and White/Pechora) Seas ice cover based on 85 GHz satellite microwave radiometry: 1992-2008. Tellus Series a-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanogr. 62: 411-434.
    • (2010) Tellus Series a-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanogr. , vol.62 , pp. 411-434
    • Kern, S.1    Kaleschke, L.2    Spreen, G.3
  • 47
    • 77954785938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past rates of climate change in the Arctic
    • White, J.W.C. et al 2010. Past rates of climate change in the Arctic. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29: 1716-1727.
    • (2010) Quat. Sci. Rev. , vol.29 , pp. 1716-1727
    • White, J.W.C.1
  • 48
    • 79952105464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical vulnerabilities of marine and sea ice-based ecosystems in the high Arctic
    • Johannessen, O.M. & M.W. Miles 2010. Critical vulnerabilities of marine and sea ice-based ecosystems in the high Arctic. Region. Environ. Change 11: S239-S248.
    • (2010) Region. Environ. Change , vol.11
    • Johannessen, O.M.1    Miles, M.W.2
  • 49
    • 6344234805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining extent of open-water refugia for top predators in Baffin Bay and adjacent waters
    • Heide-Jorgensen, M.P. & K. Laidre 2004. Declining extent of open-water refugia for top predators in Baffin Bay and adjacent waters. Ambio 33: 487-494.
    • (2004) Ambio , vol.33 , pp. 487-494
    • Heide-Jorgensen, M.P.1    Laidre, K.2
  • 50
    • 0030620606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds
    • Stirling, I. 1997. The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds. J. Mar. Syst. 10: 9-21.
    • (1997) J. Mar. Syst. , vol.10 , pp. 9-21
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 51
    • 50049084329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of Arctic marine mammals
    • Harington, C.R. 2008. The evolution of Arctic marine mammals. Ecol. Appl. 18: S23-S40.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Harington, C.R.1
  • 52
    • 78650358881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme physiological adaptations as predictors of climate-change sensitivity in the narwhal, Monodon monoceros
    • Williams, T.M.W.T.M., S.R. Noren & M. Glenn 2011. Extreme physiological adaptations as predictors of climate-change sensitivity in the narwhal, Monodon monoceros. Mar. Mammal Sci. 27: 334-349.
    • (2011) Mar. Mammal Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 334-349
    • Williams, T.M.W.T.M.1    Noren, S.R.2    Glenn, M.3
  • 53
    • 67651061571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic modelling predicts energetic bottleneck for seabirds wintering in the northwest Atlantic
    • Fort, J., W.P. Porter & D. Gremillet 2009. Thermodynamic modelling predicts energetic bottleneck for seabirds wintering in the northwest Atlantic. J. Exp. Biol. 212: 2483-2490.
    • (2009) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.212 , pp. 2483-2490
    • Fort, J.1    Porter, W.P.2    Gremillet, D.3
  • 54
    • 0003646915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaston, A.J. & I.L. Jones, eds Oxford University Press, New York
    • Gaston, A.J. & I.L. Jones, eds. 1998. Bird Families of the World: the Auks. Oxford University Press, New York
    • (1998) Bird Families of the World: the Auks
  • 55
    • 77953758379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of climate change on the World's marine ecosystems
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O. & J.F. Bruno 2010. The impact of climate change on the World's marine ecosystems. Science 328: 1523-1528.
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , pp. 1523-1528
    • Hoegh-Guldberg, O.1    Bruno, J.F.2
  • 56
    • 55349117799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and climate change
    • Pörtner, H.O. & A.P. Farrell 2008. Physiology and climate change. Science 322: 690-692.
    • (2008) Science , vol.322 , pp. 690-692
    • Pörtner, H.O.1    Farrell, A.P.2
  • 57
    • 55349126370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific Salmon in hot water: applying aerobic scope models and biotelemetry to predict the success of spawning migrations
    • Farrell, A.P. et al 2008. Pacific Salmon in hot water: applying aerobic scope models and biotelemetry to predict the success of spawning migrations. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 81: 697-708.
    • (2008) Physiol. Biochem. Zool. , vol.81 , pp. 697-708
    • Farrell, A.P.1
  • 58
    • 21344436590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and distribution shifts in marine fishes
    • Perry, A.L. et al 2005. Climate change and distribution shifts in marine fishes. Science 308: 1912-1915.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1912-1915
    • Perry, A.L.1
  • 59
    • 35348823580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macroecology of Calanus finmarchicus and C-helgolandicus in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas
    • Helaouet, P. & G. Beaugrand 2007. Macroecology of Calanus finmarchicus and C-helgolandicus in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 345: 147-165.
    • (2007) Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. , vol.345 , pp. 147-165
    • Helaouet, P.1    Beaugrand, G.2
  • 60
    • 4243131419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetic prediction of climate change impacts on northern mammals
    • Humphries, M.M., J. Umbanhowar & K.S. McCann 2004. Bioenergetic prediction of climate change impacts on northern mammals. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 152-162.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 152-162
    • Humphries, M.M.1    Umbanhowar, J.2    McCann, K.S.3
  • 61
    • 4243067269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with changing northern environments: the role of the stress axis in birds and mammals
    • Boonstra, R. 2004. Coping with changing northern environments: the role of the stress axis in birds and mammals. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 95-108.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 95-108
    • Boonstra, R.1
  • 62
    • 34249817882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune status, carotenoid coloration, and wing feather growth in relation to organochlorine pollutants in great black-backed gulls
    • Bustnes, J.O., K.O. Kristiansen & M. Helberg 2007. Immune status, carotenoid coloration, and wing feather growth in relation to organochlorine pollutants in great black-backed gulls. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 53: 96-102.
    • (2007) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.53 , pp. 96-102
    • Bustnes, J.O.1    Kristiansen, K.O.2    Helberg, M.3
  • 63
    • 77950940999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variability and temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic: a study of Glaucous Gulls
    • Bustnes, J.O., G.W. Gabrielsen & J. Verreault 2010. Climate variability and temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic: a study of Glaucous Gulls. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44: 3155-3161.
    • (2010) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.44 , pp. 3155-3161
    • Bustnes, J.O.1    Gabrielsen, G.W.2    Verreault, J.3
  • 64
    • 77956445141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shifts in phenotypic plasticity constrain the value of seabirds as ecological indicators of marine ecosystems
    • Grémillet, D. & A. Charmantier 2010. Shifts in phenotypic plasticity constrain the value of seabirds as ecological indicators of marine ecosystems. Ecol. Appl. 20: 1498-1503.
    • (2010) Ecol. Appl. , vol.20 , pp. 1498-1503
    • Grémillet, D.1    Charmantier, A.2
  • 65
    • 34548398581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of species, latitudes and methodologies on estimates of phenological response to global warming
    • Parmesan, C. 2007. Influences of species, latitudes and methodologies on estimates of phenological response to global warming. Global Change Biol. 13: 1860-1872.
    • (2007) Global Change Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 1860-1872
    • Parmesan, C.1
  • 66
    • 34250373298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid advancement of spring in the High Arctic
    • Høye, T.T. et al 2007. Rapid advancement of spring in the High Arctic. Curr. Biol. 17: R449-R451.
    • (2007) Curr. Biol. , vol.17
    • Høye, T.T.1
  • 67
    • 72949118617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of climate change on the annual cycles of birds
    • Carey, C. 2009. The impacts of climate change on the annual cycles of birds. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 364: 3321-3330.
    • (2009) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.364 , pp. 3321-3330
    • Carey, C.1
  • 68
    • 34447102679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate and the match or mismatch between predator requirements and resource availability
    • Durant, J.M. et al 2007. Climate and the match or mismatch between predator requirements and resource availability. Clim. Res. 33: 271-283.
    • (2007) Clim. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 271-283
    • Durant, J.M.1
  • 69
    • 44449111215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change reduces reproductive success of an Arctic herbivore through trophic mismatch
    • Post, E. & M.C. Forchhammer 2008. Climate change reduces reproductive success of an Arctic herbivore through trophic mismatch. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 363: 2369-2375.
    • (2008) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.363 , pp. 2369-2375
    • Post, E.1    Forchhammer, M.C.2
  • 70
    • 77958053656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of phenological mismatches on demography
    • Miller-Rushing, A.J. et al 2010. The effects of phenological mismatches on demography. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 365: 3177-3186.
    • (2010) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.365 , pp. 3177-3186
    • Miller-Rushing, A.J.1
  • 71
    • 0031978129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in growth of greater snow goose goslings: the role of food supply
    • Lepage, D., G. Gauthier & A. Reed 1998. Seasonal variation in growth of greater snow goose goslings: the role of food supply. Oecologia 114: 226-235.
    • (1998) Oecologia , vol.114 , pp. 226-235
    • Lepage, D.1    Gauthier, G.2    Reed, A.3
  • 72
    • 48849106252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic effects on the breeding phenology and reproductive success of an arctic-nesting goose species
    • Dickey, M.-E., G. Gauthier & M.-C. Cadieux 2008. Climatic effects on the breeding phenology and reproductive success of an arctic-nesting goose species. Global Change Biol. 14: 1973-1985.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1973-1985
    • Dickey, M.-E.1    Gauthier, G.2    Cadieux, M.-C.3
  • 73
    • 47249118728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warming, plant phenology and the spatial dimension of trophic mismatch for large herbivores
    • Post, E. et al 2008. Warming, plant phenology and the spatial dimension of trophic mismatch for large herbivores. Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 275: 2005-2013.
    • (2008) Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.275 , pp. 2005-2013
    • Post, E.1
  • 74
    • 77949472878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Circadian Clock is not required in an Arctic Mammal
    • Lu, W.Q. et al 2010. A Circadian Clock is not required in an Arctic Mammal. Curr. Biol. 20: 533-537.
    • (2010) Curr. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 533-537
    • Lu, W.Q.1
  • 75
    • 33847756401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in food abundance cause inter-annual variation in the breeding phenology of High Arctic waders
    • Meltofte, H. et al 2007. Differences in food abundance cause inter-annual variation in the breeding phenology of High Arctic waders. Polar Biol. V30: 601-606.
    • (2007) Polar Biol. , vol.30 , pp. 601-606
    • Meltofte, H.1
  • 76
    • 43649086987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has prey availability for arctic birds advanced with climate change? Hindcasting the abundance of tundra arthropods using weather and seasonal variation
    • Tulp, I. & H. Schekkerman 2008. Has prey availability for arctic birds advanced with climate change? Hindcasting the abundance of tundra arthropods using weather and seasonal variation. Arctic 61: 48-60.
    • (2008) Arctic , vol.61 , pp. 48-60
    • Tulp, I.1    Schekkerman, H.2
  • 77
    • 79961010559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warming climate advances breeding and improves synchrony of food demand and food availability in a boreal passerine
    • Vatka, E., M. Orell & S. Rytkönen 2011. Warming climate advances breeding and improves synchrony of food demand and food availability in a boreal passerine. Global Change Biol. 17: 3002-3009.
    • (2011) Global Change Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 3002-3009
    • Vatka, E.1    Orell, M.2    Rytkönen, S.3
  • 78
    • 0030621198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breeding ecology of the fulmar Fulmarus glacialis and the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in high-arctic northeastern Greenland, 1993
    • Falk, K. & S. Møller 1997. Breeding ecology of the fulmar Fulmarus glacialis and the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in high-arctic northeastern Greenland, 1993. Ibis. 139: 270-281.
    • (1997) Ibis. , vol.139 , pp. 270-281
    • Falk, K.1    Møller, S.2
  • 79
    • 36549079938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does sea ice constrain the breeding schedules of high Arctic Northern Fulmars?
    • Mallory, M.L. & M.R. Forbes 2007. Does sea ice constrain the breeding schedules of high Arctic Northern Fulmars? Condor 109: 894-906.
    • (2007) Condor , vol.109 , pp. 894-906
    • Mallory, M.L.1    Forbes, M.R.2
  • 80
    • 54249153273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal gradients in sea ice and primary production determine Arctic seabird colony size in Greenland
    • Laidre, K.L. et al 2008. Latitudinal gradients in sea ice and primary production determine Arctic seabird colony size in Greenland. Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 275: 2695-2702.
    • (2008) Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. , vol.275 , pp. 2695-2702
    • Laidre, K.L.1
  • 81
    • 78650793423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future climate-driven shifts in distribution of Calanus finmarchicus
    • Reygondeau, G. & G. Beaugrand 2011. Future climate-driven shifts in distribution of Calanus finmarchicus. Global Change Biol. 17: 756-766.
    • (2011) Global Change Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 756-766
    • Reygondeau, G.1    Beaugrand, G.2
  • 82
    • 77956719523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-breeding movements of the northeast Atlantic ivory gull Pagophila eburnea populations
    • Gilg, O. et al 2010. Post-breeding movements of the northeast Atlantic ivory gull Pagophila eburnea populations. J. Avian Biol. 41: 532-542.
    • (2010) J. Avian Biol. , vol.41 , pp. 532-542
    • Gilg, O.1
  • 83
    • 32444438341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change, ice conditions and reproduction in an Arctic nesting marine bird: Brunnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia L.)
    • Gaston, A.J., H.G. Gilchrist & J.M. Hipfner 2005. Climate change, ice conditions and reproduction in an Arctic nesting marine bird: Brunnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia L.). J. Anim. Ecol. 74: 832-841.
    • (2005) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.74 , pp. 832-841
    • Gaston, A.J.1    Gilchrist, H.G.2    Hipfner, J.M.3
  • 84
    • 79955001710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic matches and mismatches: can polar bears reduce the abundance of nesting snow geese in western Hudson Bay?
    • Rockwell, R.F., L.J. Gormezano & D.N. Koons 2011. Trophic matches and mismatches: can polar bears reduce the abundance of nesting snow geese in western Hudson Bay? Oikos 120: 696-709.
    • (2011) Oikos , vol.120 , pp. 696-709
    • Rockwell, R.F.1    Gormezano, L.J.2    Koons, D.N.3
  • 85
    • 62949197980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barnacle goose Branta leucopsis survey on Nordenskiöldkysten, west Spitsbergen 1975-2007: breeding in relation to carrying capacity and predator impact
    • Drent, R.H. & J. Prop 2008. Barnacle goose Branta leucopsis survey on Nordenskiöldkysten, west Spitsbergen 1975-2007: breeding in relation to carrying capacity and predator impact. Circumpolar Stud. 4: 59-83.
    • (2008) Circumpolar Stud. , vol.4 , pp. 59-83
    • Drent, R.H.1    Prop, J.2
  • 86
    • 70450179745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and phenological responses of two seabird species breeding in the high-Arctic
    • Moe, B. et al 2009. Climate change and phenological responses of two seabird species breeding in the high-Arctic. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 393: 235-246.
    • (2009) Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. , vol.393 , pp. 235-246
    • Moe, B.1
  • 87
    • 56249137003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate warming causes phenological shift in Pink Salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, behavior at Auke Creek, Alaska
    • Taylor, S.G. 2008. Climate warming causes phenological shift in Pink Salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, behavior at Auke Creek, Alaska. Global Change Biol. 14: 229-235.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 229-235
    • Taylor, S.G.1
  • 88
    • 33645101409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots
    • Malcolm, J.R. et al 2006. Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots. Conserv. Biol. 20: 538-548.
    • (2006) Conserv. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 538-548
    • Malcolm, J.R.1
  • 89
    • 74349109642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural reaction norms: animal personality meets individual plasticity
    • Dingemanse, N.J. et al 2010. Behavioural reaction norms: animal personality meets individual plasticity. Trends Ecol. Evol. 25: 81-89.
    • (2010) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.25 , pp. 81-89
    • Dingemanse, N.J.1
  • 90
    • 80051873100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid range shifts of species associated with high levels of climate warming
    • Chen, I.-C. et al 2011. Rapid range shifts of species associated with high levels of climate warming. Science 333: 1024-1026.
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , pp. 1024-1026
    • Chen, I.-C.1
  • 91
    • 33645368803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential impacts of climatic change upon geographical distributions of birds
    • Huntley, B. et al 2006. Potential impacts of climatic change upon geographical distributions of birds. Ibis 148: 8-28.
    • (2006) Ibis , vol.148 , pp. 8-28
    • Huntley, B.1
  • 92
    • 34447557035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where will species go? Incorporating new advances in climate modelling into projections of species distributions
    • Beaumont, L.J. et al 2007. Where will species go? Incorporating new advances in climate modelling into projections of species distributions. Global Change Biol. 13: 1368-1385.
    • (2007) Global Change Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 1368-1385
    • Beaumont, L.J.1
  • 93
    • 35448938102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential impacts of climate change on the distributions and diversity patterns of European mammals
    • Levinsky, I. et al 2007. Potential impacts of climate change on the distributions and diversity patterns of European mammals. Biodivers. Conserv. 16: 3803-3816.
    • (2007) Biodivers. Conserv. , vol.16 , pp. 3803-3816
    • Levinsky, I.1
  • 94
    • 37149048093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where might the western Svalbard tundra be vulnerable to pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus) population expansion? Clues from species distribution models
    • Wisz, M.S. et al 2008. Where might the western Svalbard tundra be vulnerable to pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus) population expansion? Clues from species distribution models. Diversity Distrib. 14: 26-37.
    • (2008) Diversity Distrib. , vol.14 , pp. 26-37
    • Wisz, M.S.1
  • 95
    • 63149176503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting habitat utilization and extent of ecosystem disturbance by an increasing Herbivore population
    • Speed, J.D.M. et al 2009. Predicting habitat utilization and extent of ecosystem disturbance by an increasing Herbivore population. Ecosystems 12: 349-359.
    • (2009) Ecosystems , vol.12 , pp. 349-359
    • Speed, J.D.M.1
  • 96
    • 36849063858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of the distribution of Arctic-nesting pink-footed geese under a warmer climate scenario
    • Jensen, R.A. et al 2008. Prediction of the distribution of Arctic-nesting pink-footed geese under a warmer climate scenario. Global Change Biol. 14: 1-10.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1-10
    • Jensen, R.A.1
  • 97
    • 70350150024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of the endangered Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea, in Greenland
    • Gilg, O. et al 2009. Status of the endangered Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea, in Greenland. Polar Biol. 32: 1275-1286.
    • (2009) Polar Biol. , vol.32 , pp. 1275-1286
    • Gilg, O.1
  • 98
    • 33746491111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting extinctions as a result of climate change
    • Schwartz, M.W. et al 2006. Predicting extinctions as a result of climate change. Ecology 87: 1611-1615.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 1611-1615
    • Schwartz, M.W.1
  • 99
    • 1542329839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extinction risk from climate change
    • Thomas, C.D. et al 2004. Extinction risk from climate change. Nature 427: 145-148.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 145-148
    • Thomas, C.D.1
  • 100
    • 0002191198 scopus 로고
    • A annotated checklist to the birds of Greenland
    • Boertmann, D. 1994. A annotated checklist to the birds of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland-Bioscience 38: 1-63.
    • (1994) Meddelelser om Grønland-Bioscience , vol.38 , pp. 1-63
    • Boertmann, D.1
  • 102
    • 78649586429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding population in Greenland, 2008
    • Labansen, A.L. et al 2010. Status of the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding population in Greenland, 2008. Polar Res. 29: 391-403.
    • (2010) Polar Res. , vol.29 , pp. 391-403
    • Labansen, A.L.1
  • 104
    • 46749090049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus, in Greenland
    • Boertmann, D. 2008. The lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus, in Greenland. Arctic 61: 129-133.
    • (2008) Arctic , vol.61 , pp. 129-133
    • Boertmann, D.1
  • 105
    • 41149164690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A latitudinal gradient in climate effects on seabird demography: results from interspecific analyses
    • Sandvik, H., T.I.M. Coulson & B.-E. Saether 2008. A latitudinal gradient in climate effects on seabird demography: results from interspecific analyses. Global Change Biol. 14: 1-11.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1-11
    • Sandvik, H.1    Coulson, T.I.M.2    Saether, B.-E.3
  • 106
    • 34249930264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape features and sea ice influence nesting common eider abundance and dispersion
    • Chaulk, K.G., G.J. Robertson & W.A. Montevecchi 2007. Landscape features and sea ice influence nesting common eider abundance and dispersion. Can. J. Zool. 85: 301-309.
    • (2007) Can. J. Zool. , vol.85 , pp. 301-309
    • Chaulk, K.G.1    Robertson, G.J.2    Montevecchi, W.A.3
  • 107
    • 84857486975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological premises for management of an Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) population - The demise and future of the hare-footed fox on Jan Mayen
    • In, S. Skreslet, ed.: Springer. Dordrecht
    • Rouvinen-Watt, K. 2004. Biological premises for management of an Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) population - The demise and future of the hare-footed fox on Jan Mayen. In Jan Mayen Island in Scientific Focus, S. Skreslet, ed.: 207-218. Springer. Dordrecht
    • (2004) Jan Mayen Island in Scientific Focus , pp. 207-218
    • Rouvinen-Watt, K.1
  • 108
    • 34848923948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea ice occurrence predicts genetic isolation in the Arctic fox
    • Geffen, E.L.I. et al 2007. Sea ice occurrence predicts genetic isolation in the Arctic fox. Mol. Ecol. 16: 4241-4255.
    • (2007) Mol. Ecol. , vol.16 , pp. 4241-4255
    • Geffen, E.L.I.1
  • 109
    • 50049124139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and the molecular ecology of Arctic marine mammals
    • Corry-Crowe, G. 2008. Climate change and the molecular ecology of Arctic marine mammals. Ecol. Appl. 18: S56-S76.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Corry-Crowe, G.1
  • 110
    • 84857471641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Northwest Passage opens for bowhead whales. Biol. Lett. in press. doi:.
    • Heide-Jørgensen, M.P. et al 2011. The Northwest Passage opens for bowhead whales. Biol. Lett. in press. doi:.
    • (2011)
    • Heide-Jørgensen, M.P.1
  • 111
    • 77953425709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and carbon cycles
    • Beaugrand, G., M. Edwards & L. Legendre 2010. Marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and carbon cycles. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 10120-10124.
    • (2010) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 10120-10124
    • Beaugrand, G.1    Edwards, M.2    Legendre, L.3
  • 112
    • 77958063737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging distributions of little auks Alle alle across the Greenland Sea: implications of present and future Arctic climate change
    • Karnovsky, N. et al 2010. Foraging distributions of little auks Alle alle across the Greenland Sea: implications of present and future Arctic climate change. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 415: 283-293.
    • (2010) Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. , vol.415 , pp. 283-293
    • Karnovsky, N.1
  • 113
    • 0038715903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging behavior of little auks in a heterogeneous environment
    • Karnovsky, N.J. et al 2003. Foraging behavior of little auks in a heterogeneous environment. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 253: 289-303.
    • (2003) Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. , vol.253 , pp. 289-303
    • Karnovsky, N.J.1
  • 114
    • 0030201534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent responses to changes in stocks of prey species by seabirds breeding in the southern Barents Sea
    • Barrett, R.T. & Y.V. Krasnov 1996. Recent responses to changes in stocks of prey species by seabirds breeding in the southern Barents Sea. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 53: 713-722.
    • (1996) ICES J. Mar. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 713-722
    • Barrett, R.T.1    Krasnov, Y.V.2
  • 116
    • 79958719016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial ecosystem responses to species gains and losses
    • Wardle, D.A. et al 2011. Terrestrial ecosystem responses to species gains and losses. Science, 332: 1273-1277.
    • (2011) Science , vol.332 , pp. 1273-1277
    • Wardle, D.A.1
  • 117
    • 79956351623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current and future patterns of global marine mammal biodiversity
    • Kaschner, K. et al 2011. Current and future patterns of global marine mammal biodiversity. PLoS One 6: E19653. doi:
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Kaschner, K.1
  • 118
    • 0003623603 scopus 로고
    • UNEP, ed Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
    • UNEP, ed. 1995. Global Biodiversity Assessment. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
    • (1995) Global Biodiversity Assessment
  • 119
    • 64949117302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change
    • Wookey, P.A. et al 2009. Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change. Global Change Biol. 15: 1153-1172.
    • (2009) Global Change Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 1153-1172
    • Wookey, P.A.1
  • 120
    • 77954636461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for community interactions under climate change
    • Gilman, S.E. et al 2010. A framework for community interactions under climate change. Trends Ecol. Evol. 25: 325-331.
    • (2010) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.25 , pp. 325-331
    • Gilman, S.E.1
  • 121
    • 11144243773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic interactions in a changing world
    • Van der Putten, W.H. et al 2004. Trophic interactions in a changing world. Basic Appl. Ecol. 5: 487-494.
    • (2004) Basic Appl. Ecol. , vol.5 , pp. 487-494
    • Van der Putten, W.H.1
  • 122
    • 32544447962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of climate on adult survival in five species of North Atlantic seabirds
    • Sandvik, H. et al 2005. The effect of climate on adult survival in five species of North Atlantic seabirds. J. Anim. Ecol. 74: 817-831.
    • (2005) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.74 , pp. 817-831
    • Sandvik, H.1
  • 123
    • 70249126500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological dynamics across the Arctic associated with recent climate change
    • Post, E. et al 2009. Ecological dynamics across the Arctic associated with recent climate change. Science, 325: 1355-1358.
    • (2009) Science , vol.325 , pp. 1355-1358
    • Post, E.1
  • 124
    • 33748417144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic tundra and polar desert ecosystems
    • In: Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
    • Callaghan, T.V. et al 2005. Arctic tundra and polar desert ecosystems. In Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, ACIA: 243-352. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
    • (2005) Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, ACIA , pp. 243-352
    • Callaghan, T.V.1
  • 125
    • 77954748607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting species distribution and abundance responses to climate change: why it is essential to include biotic interactions across trophic levels
    • Van der Putten, W.H., M. Macel & M.E. Visser 2010. Predicting species distribution and abundance responses to climate change: why it is essential to include biotic interactions across trophic levels. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 365: 2025-2034.
    • (2010) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.365 , pp. 2025-2034
    • Van der Putten, W.H.1    Macel, M.2    Visser, M.E.3
  • 126
    • 33646876612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and numerical responses of four lemming predators in high arctic Greenland
    • Gilg, O. et al 2006. Functional and numerical responses of four lemming predators in high arctic Greenland. Oikos 113: 196-213.
    • (2006) Oikos , vol.113 , pp. 196-213
    • Gilg, O.1
  • 127
    • 4243083092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic interactions in a High Arctic snow goose colony
    • Gauthier, G. et al 2004. Trophic interactions in a High Arctic snow goose colony. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 119-129.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 119-129
    • Gauthier, G.1
  • 128
    • 0242268942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community
    • Gilg, O., I. Hanski & B. Sittler 2003. Cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community. Science 302: 866-868.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 866-868
    • Gilg, O.1    Hanski, I.2    Sittler, B.3
  • 129
    • 41349102312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate predator-prey interactions in a seasonal environment
    • Schmidt, N.M. et al 2008. Vertebrate predator-prey interactions in a seasonal environment. Adv. Ecol. Res. 40: 345-370.
    • (2008) Adv. Ecol. Res. , vol.40 , pp. 345-370
    • Schmidt, N.M.1
  • 131
    • 41349112081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-arctic plant-herbivore interactions under climate influence
    • Berg, T.B. et al 2008. High-arctic plant-herbivore interactions under climate influence. Adv. Ecol. Res. 40: 275-298.
    • (2008) Adv. Ecol. Res. , vol.40 , pp. 275-298
    • Berg, T.B.1
  • 132
    • 77956269206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of climate warming on Arctic mammals? New insights from ancient DNA studies of the collared Lemming Dicrostonyx torquatus
    • Prost, S. et al 2010. Influence of climate warming on Arctic mammals? New insights from ancient DNA studies of the collared Lemming Dicrostonyx torquatus. PLoS One 5: e10447.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Prost, S.1
  • 133
    • 0022174046 scopus 로고
    • Gradients in density vriations of small rodents: the importance of latitude and snow cover
    • Hansson, L. & H. Henttonen 1985. Gradients in density vriations of small rodents: the importance of latitude and snow cover. Oecologia 67: 394-402.
    • (1985) Oecologia , vol.67 , pp. 394-402
    • Hansson, L.1    Henttonen, H.2
  • 134
    • 74549114162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower predation risk for migratory birds at high latitudes
    • McKinnon, L. et al 2010. Lower predation risk for migratory birds at high latitudes. Science 327: 326-327. doi:
    • (2010) Science , vol.327 , pp. 326-327
    • McKinnon, L.1
  • 135
    • 0032420089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The breeding productivity of dark-bellied brent geese and curlew sandpipers in relation to changes in the numbers of arctic foxes and lemmings on the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia
    • Summers, R.W., L.G. Underhill & E.E. Syroechkovski 1998. The breeding productivity of dark-bellied brent geese and curlew sandpipers in relation to changes in the numbers of arctic foxes and lemmings on the Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia. Ecography 21: 573-580.
    • (1998) Ecography , vol.21 , pp. 573-580
    • Summers, R.W.1    Underhill, L.G.2    Syroechkovski, E.E.3
  • 136
    • 0034941589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles linked? Interplay between nest density and predators
    • Bêty, J. et al 2001. Are goose nesting success and lemming cycles linked? Interplay between nest density and predators. Oikos 93: 388-400.
    • (2001) Oikos , vol.93 , pp. 388-400
    • Bêty, J.1
  • 137
    • 0036194541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared predation and indirect trophic interactions: lemming cycles and arctic-nesting geese
    • Bêty, J. et al 2002. Shared predation and indirect trophic interactions: lemming cycles and arctic-nesting geese. J. Anim. Ecol. 71: 88-98.
    • (2002) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.71 , pp. 88-98
    • Bêty, J.1
  • 138
    • 0036931076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect effects of lemming cycles on sandpiper dynamics: 50 years of counts from southern Sweden
    • Blomqvist, S. et al 2002. Indirect effects of lemming cycles on sandpiper dynamics: 50 years of counts from southern Sweden. Oecologia 133: 146-158.
    • (2002) Oecologia , vol.133 , pp. 146-158
    • Blomqvist, S.1
  • 139
    • 74549152649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining bird migration
    • Gilg, O. & N.G. Yoccoz 2010. Explaining bird migration. Science 327: 276-277.
    • (2010) Science , vol.327 , pp. 276-277
    • Gilg, O.1    Yoccoz, N.G.2
  • 140
    • 17444425741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic interaction cycles in Tundra ecosystems and the impact of climate change
    • Ims, R.A. & E. Fuglei 2005. Trophic interaction cycles in Tundra ecosystems and the impact of climate change. BioScience 55: 311-322.
    • (2005) BioScience , vol.55 , pp. 311-322
    • Ims, R.A.1    Fuglei, E.2
  • 141
    • 82255162629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra vegetation to exclusion of small and large mammalian herbivores
    • Ravolainen, V.T. et al 2011. Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra vegetation to exclusion of small and large mammalian herbivores. Basic Appl. Ecol. 12: 643-653.
    • (2011) Basic Appl. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 643-653
    • Ravolainen, V.T.1
  • 142
    • 0035978807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change - Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic
    • Sturm, M., C. Racine & K. Tape 2001. Climate change - Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic. Nature 411: 546-547.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , pp. 546-547
    • Sturm, M.1    Racine, C.2    Tape, K.3
  • 143
    • 27344452340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of land-surface changes in Arctic summer warming
    • Chapin, F.S. et al 2005. Role of land-surface changes in Arctic summer warming. Science 310: 657-660.
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 657-660
    • Chapin, F.S.1
  • 144
    • 84857495862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How ecological neighbourhoods influence the structure of the scavenger guild in low arctic tundra. Divers. Distrib. in press. doi:.
    • Killengreen, S.T. et al How ecological neighbourhoods influence the structure of the scavenger guild in low arctic tundra. Divers. Distrib. in press. doi:.
    • Killengreen, S.T.1
  • 145
    • 0036942711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exclusion by interference competition? The relationship between red and arctic foxes
    • Tannerfeldt, M., B. Elmhagen & A. Angerbjörn 2002. Exclusion by interference competition? The relationship between red and arctic foxes. Oecologia 132: 213-220.
    • (2002) Oecologia , vol.132 , pp. 213-220
    • Tannerfeldt, M.1    Elmhagen, B.2    Angerbjörn, A.3
  • 146
    • 80052745957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia
    • Rodnikova, A. et al 2011. Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Polar Biology 34: 1609-1614.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 1609-1614
    • Rodnikova, A.1
  • 147
    • 0026525640 scopus 로고
    • Interspecific competition and the geographical distribution of red and arctic foxes Vulpes vulpes and Alopex lagopus
    • Hersteinsson, P. & D.W. Macdonald 1992. Interspecific competition and the geographical distribution of red and arctic foxes Vulpes vulpes and Alopex lagopus. Oikos 64: 505-515.
    • (1992) Oikos , vol.64 , pp. 505-515
    • Hersteinsson, P.1    Macdonald, D.W.2
  • 148
    • 33846257697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics of a low Arctic tundra ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox
    • Killengreen, S.T. et al 2007. Structural characteristics of a low Arctic tundra ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox. Biol. Conserv. 135: 459-472.
    • (2007) Biol. Conserv. , vol.135 , pp. 459-472
    • Killengreen, S.T.1
  • 149
    • 79960843538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of marine vs. human-induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the arctic tundra
    • Killengreen, S.T. et al 2011. The importance of marine vs. human-induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the arctic tundra. J. Animal Ecol. 80: 1049-1060.
    • (2011) J. Animal Ecol. , vol.80 , pp. 1049-1060
    • Killengreen, S.T.1
  • 150
    • 77954591383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate, trophic interactions, density dependence and carry-over effects on the population productivity of a migratory Arctic herbivorous bird
    • Morrissette, M. et al 2010. Climate, trophic interactions, density dependence and carry-over effects on the population productivity of a migratory Arctic herbivorous bird. Oikos 119: 1181-1191.
    • (2010) Oikos , vol.119 , pp. 1181-1191
    • Morrissette, M.1
  • 151
    • 4243153468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of spring conditions on breeding propensity of greater snow goose females
    • Reed, E.T., G. Gauthier & J.-F. Giroux 2004. Effects of spring conditions on breeding propensity of greater snow goose females. Animal Biodivers. Conserv. 27: 35-46.
    • (2004) Animal Biodivers. Conserv. , vol.27 , pp. 35-46
    • Reed, E.T.1    Gauthier, G.2    Giroux, J.-F.3
  • 152
    • 83155165219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tundra food web of Bylot Island in a changing climate and the role of exchanges between ecosystems
    • Gauthier, G. et al 2011. The tundra food web of Bylot Island in a changing climate and the role of exchanges between ecosystems. Ecoscience 18: 223-235.
    • (2011) Ecoscience , vol.18 , pp. 223-235
    • Gauthier, G.1
  • 153
    • 2642537182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural food subsidies, migratory connectivity and large-scale disturbance in arctic coastal systems: a case study
    • Jefferies, R.L., R.F. Rockwell & K.F. Abraham 2004. Agricultural food subsidies, migratory connectivity and large-scale disturbance in arctic coastal systems: a case study. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 130-139.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 130-139
    • Jefferies, R.L.1    Rockwell, R.F.2    Abraham, K.F.3
  • 154
    • 20844445946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between land use, habitat use and population increase in greater snow geese: what are the consequences for natural wetlands?
    • Gauthier, G. et al 2005. Interactions between land use, habitat use and population increase in greater snow geese: what are the consequences for natural wetlands? Global Change Biol. 11: 856-868.
    • (2005) Global Change Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 856-868
    • Gauthier, G.1
  • 155
    • 50449105871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposing plant community responses to warming with and without herbivores
    • Post, E. & C. Pedersen 2008. Opposing plant community responses to warming with and without herbivores. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 12353-12358.
    • (2008) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.105 , pp. 12353-12358
    • Post, E.1    Pedersen, C.2
  • 156
    • 84855837350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 uptake and suppress carbon cycle responses to warming in West Greenland
    • 2 uptake and suppress carbon cycle responses to warming in West Greenland. Global Change Biol. 18: 469-479. doi:
    • (2012) Global Change Biol. , vol.18 , pp. 469-479
    • Cahoon, S.M.P.1
  • 157
    • 0035959908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lagged effects of ocean climate change on fulmar population dynamics
    • Thompson, P.M. & J.C. Ollason 2001. Lagged effects of ocean climate change on fulmar population dynamics. Nature 413: 417-420.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.413 , pp. 417-420
    • Thompson, P.M.1    Ollason, J.C.2
  • 158
    • 76649087038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking of Arctic terns Sterna paradisaea reveals longest animal migration
    • Egevang, C. et al 2010. Tracking of Arctic terns Sterna paradisaea reveals longest animal migration. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 2078-2081.
    • (2010) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 2078-2081
    • Egevang, C.1
  • 160
    • 79952704338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-breeding migration of four Long-tailed Skuas (Stercorarius longicaudus) from North and East Greenland to West Africa
    • Sittler, B., A. Aebischer & O. Gilg 2011. Post-breeding migration of four Long-tailed Skuas (Stercorarius longicaudus) from North and East Greenland to West Africa. J. Ornithol. 152: 375-381.
    • (2011) J. Ornithol. , vol.152 , pp. 375-381
    • Sittler, B.1    Aebischer, A.2    Gilg, O.3
  • 161
    • 45249107842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of climate change on Arctic marine mammal health
    • Burek, K.A., F.M.D. Gulland & T.M. Hara 2008. Effects of climate change on Arctic marine mammal health. Ecol. Appl. 18: S126-S134.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Burek, K.A.1    Gulland, F.M.D.2    Hara, T.M.3
  • 162
  • 163
    • 29144461927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming is changing the dynamics of Arctic host-parasite systems
    • Kutz, S.J. et al 2005. Global warming is changing the dynamics of Arctic host-parasite systems. Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 272: 2571-2576.
    • (2005) Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.272 , pp. 2571-2576
    • Kutz, S.J.1
  • 164
    • 0037150708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota
    • Harvell, C.D. et al 2002. Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota. Science 296: 2158-2162.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 2158-2162
    • Harvell, C.D.1
  • 165
    • 66049083440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parasite zoonoses and climate change: molecular tools for tracking shifting boundaries
    • Polley, L. & R.C.A. Thompson 2009. Parasite zoonoses and climate change: molecular tools for tracking shifting boundaries. Trends Parasitol. 25: 285-291.
    • (2009) Trends Parasitol. , vol.25 , pp. 285-291
    • Polley, L.1    Thompson, R.C.A.2
  • 166
    • 0032545455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of population cycles by parasite removal
    • Hudson, P.J., A.P. Dobson & D. Newborn 1998. Prevention of population cycles by parasite removal. Science 282: 2256-2258.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 2256-2258
    • Hudson, P.J.1    Dobson, A.P.2    Newborn, D.3
  • 167
    • 0027070125 scopus 로고
    • Do parasites make prey vulnerable to predation - Red grouse and parasites
    • Hudson, P.J., A.P. Dobson & D. Newborn 1992. Do parasites make prey vulnerable to predation - Red grouse and parasites. J. Animal Ecol. 61: 681-692.
    • (1992) J. Animal Ecol. , vol.61 , pp. 681-692
    • Hudson, P.J.1    Dobson, A.P.2    Newborn, D.3
  • 168
    • 0037036636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of parasites in the dynamics of a reindeer population
    • Albon, S.D. et al 2002. The role of parasites in the dynamics of a reindeer population. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. 269: 1625-1632.
    • (2002) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.269 , pp. 1625-1632
    • Albon, S.D.1
  • 169
    • 33144459396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and pathogenesis of Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in experimentally infected thinhorn sheep (Ovis dalli)
    • Jenkins, E.J., E.P. Hoberg & L. Polley 2005. Development and pathogenesis of Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in experimentally infected thinhorn sheep (Ovis dalli). J. Wildlife Dis. 41: 669-682.
    • (2005) J. Wildlife Dis. , vol.41 , pp. 669-682
    • Jenkins, E.J.1    Hoberg, E.P.2    Polley, L.3
  • 170
    • 0036062963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat and mosquitoes cause breeding failures and adult mortality in an Arctic-nesting seabird
    • Gaston, A.J., J.M. Hipfner & D. Campbell 2002. Heat and mosquitoes cause breeding failures and adult mortality in an Arctic-nesting seabird. Ibis 144: 185-191.
    • (2002) Ibis , vol.144 , pp. 185-191
    • Gaston, A.J.1    Hipfner, J.M.2    Campbell, D.3
  • 171
    • 79956368748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic parasitology: why should we care?
    • Davidson, R. et al 2011. Arctic parasitology: why should we care? Trends Parasitol. 27: 238-244.
    • (2011) Trends Parasitol. , vol.27 , pp. 238-244
    • Davidson, R.1
  • 172
    • 79952358415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of mammalian host-pathogen interactions in a changing arctic environment
    • Hueffer, K., T.M. O'Hara & E.H. Follmann 2011. Adaptation of mammalian host-pathogen interactions in a changing arctic environment. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 53: 17. doi:
    • (2011) Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica , vol.53 , pp. 17
    • Hueffer, K.1    O'Hara, T.M.2    Follmann, E.H.3
  • 173
    • 67649458008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic as a model for anticipating, preventing, and mitigating climate change impacts on host-parasite interactions
    • Kutz, S.J. et al 2009. The Arctic as a model for anticipating, preventing, and mitigating climate change impacts on host-parasite interactions. Vet. Parasitol. 163: 217-228.
    • (2009) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.163 , pp. 217-228
    • Kutz, S.J.1
  • 174
    • 51749100013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal pneumonia epizootic in musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) in a period of extraordinary weather conditions
    • Ytrehus, B. et al 2008. Fatal pneumonia epizootic in musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) in a period of extraordinary weather conditions. Ecohealth 5: 213-223.
    • (2008) Ecohealth , vol.5 , pp. 213-223
    • Ytrehus, B.1
  • 175
    • 77955301496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change promotes the emergence of serious disease outbreaks of Filarioid Nematodes
    • Laaksonen, S. et al 2010. Climate change promotes the emergence of serious disease outbreaks of Filarioid Nematodes. Ecohealth 7: 7-13.
    • (2010) Ecohealth , vol.7 , pp. 7-13
    • Laaksonen, S.1
  • 176
    • 77952420433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in polar bears and their marine mammal prey: evidence for a marine transmission pathway?
    • Jensen, S.K. et al 2010. The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in polar bears and their marine mammal prey: evidence for a marine transmission pathway? Polar Biol. 33: 599-606.
    • (2010) Polar Biol. , vol.33 , pp. 599-606
    • Jensen, S.K.1
  • 177
    • 38049008907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated approaches and empirical models for investigation of parasitic diseases in northern wildlife
    • Hoberg, E.P. et al 2008. Integrated approaches and empirical models for investigation of parasitic diseases in northern wildlife. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14: 10-17.
    • (2008) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.14 , pp. 10-17
    • Hoberg, E.P.1
  • 178
    • 4243179073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Emerging" parasitic infections in arctic ungulates
    • Kutz, S.J. et al 2004. "Emerging" parasitic infections in arctic ungulates. Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 109-118.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 109-118
    • Kutz, S.J.1
  • 179
    • 0034875669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the distribution and transmission of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi (Protostrongylidae) in caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) of Newfoundland, Canada
    • Ball, M.C., M.W. Lankester & S.P. Mahoney 2001. Factors affecting the distribution and transmission of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi (Protostrongylidae) in caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) of Newfoundland, Canada. Can. J. Zool. 79: 1265-1277.
    • (2001) Can. J. Zool. , vol.79 , pp. 1265-1277
    • Ball, M.C.1    Lankester, M.W.2    Mahoney, S.P.3
  • 180
    • 78149404626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and climate change: integrating evolutionary and ecological responses of species and communities
    • Lavergne, S. et al 2010. Biodiversity and climate change: integrating evolutionary and ecological responses of species and communities. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 41: 321-350. doi:.
    • (2010) Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics , vol.41 , pp. 321-350
    • Lavergne, S.1
  • 181
    • 34648843230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary responses to climate change
    • Skelly, D.K. et al 2007. Evolutionary responses to climate change. Conserv. Biol. 21: 1353-1355.
    • (2007) Conserv. Biol. , vol.21 , pp. 1353-1355
    • Skelly, D.K.1
  • 182
    • 79952128475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and evolutionary adaptation
    • Hoffmann, A.A. & C.M. Sgro 2011. Climate change and evolutionary adaptation. Nature 470: 479-485.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.470 , pp. 479-485
    • Hoffmann, A.A.1    Sgro, C.M.2
  • 183
    • 4243055909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keeping pace with fast climate change: can Arctic life count on evolution?
    • Berteaux, D. et al 2004. Keeping pace with fast climate change: can Arctic life count on evolution? Integr. Comp. Biol. 44: 140-151.
    • (2004) Integr. Comp. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 140-151
    • Berteaux, D.1
  • 184
    • 37349061118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic response to rapid climate change: it's seasonal timing that matters
    • Bradshaw, W.E. & C.M. Holzapfel 2008. Genetic response to rapid climate change: it's seasonal timing that matters. Mol. Ecol. 17: 157-166.
    • (2008) Mol. Ecol. , vol.17 , pp. 157-166
    • Bradshaw, W.E.1    Holzapfel, C.M.2
  • 186
    • 37349106111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and evolution: disentangling environmental and genetic responses
    • Gienapp, P. et al 2008. Climate change and evolution: disentangling environmental and genetic responses. Mol. Ecol. 17: 167-178.
    • (2008) Mol. Ecol. , vol.17 , pp. 167-178
    • Gienapp, P.1
  • 187
    • 33745005950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change - Evolutionary response to rapid climate change
    • Bradshaw, W.E. & C.M. Holzapfel 2006. Climate change - Evolutionary response to rapid climate change. Science 312: 1477-1478.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1477-1478
    • Bradshaw, W.E.1    Holzapfel, C.M.2
  • 188
    • 0034544816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits to natural selection
    • Barton, N. & L. Partridge 2000. Limits to natural selection. BioEssays 22: 1075-1084.
    • (2000) BioEssays , vol.22 , pp. 1075-1084
    • Barton, N.1    Partridge, L.2
  • 189
    • 0028976108 scopus 로고
    • Evolution and extinction in a changing environment: a quantitative-genetic analysis
    • Bürger, R. & M. Lynch 1995. Evolution and extinction in a changing environment: a quantitative-genetic analysis. Evolution 49: 151-163.
    • (1995) Evolution , vol.49 , pp. 151-163
    • Bürger, R.1    Lynch, M.2
  • 191
    • 77950437916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancient DNA analyses exclude humans as the driving force behind late Pleistocene musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) population dynamics
    • Campos, P.F. et al 2010. Ancient DNA analyses exclude humans as the driving force behind late Pleistocene musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) population dynamics. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 5675-5680.
    • (2010) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 5675-5680
    • Campos, P.F.1
  • 192
    • 34250862294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Megafaunal extinctions and the disappearance of a specialized wolf ecomorph
    • Leonard, J.A. et al 2007. Megafaunal extinctions and the disappearance of a specialized wolf ecomorph. Curr. Biol. 17: 1146-1150.
    • (2007) Curr. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 1146-1150
    • Leonard, J.A.1
  • 193
    • 0242585439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and plastic responses of a northern mammal to climate change
    • Reale, D. et al 2003. Genetic and plastic responses of a northern mammal to climate change. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. 270: 591-596.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. , vol.270 , pp. 591-596
    • Reale, D.1
  • 194
    • 0030442757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of rate variation in mammalian DNA sequence evolution
    • Bromham, L., A. Rambaut & P. Harvey 1996. Determinants of rate variation in mammalian DNA sequence evolution. J. Mol. Evol. 43: 610-621.
    • (1996) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.43 , pp. 610-621
    • Bromham, L.1    Rambaut, A.2    Harvey, P.3
  • 196
    • 1642263452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change meets habitat fragmentation: linking landscape and biogeographical scale levels in research and conservation
    • Opdam, P. & D. Wascher 2004. Climate change meets habitat fragmentation: linking landscape and biogeographical scale levels in research and conservation. Biol. Conserv. 117: 285-297.
    • (2004) Biol. Conserv. , vol.117 , pp. 285-297
    • Opdam, P.1    Wascher, D.2
  • 197
    • 0034643330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metapopulation capacity of a fragmented landscape
    • Hanski, I. & O. Ovaskainen 2000. The metapopulation capacity of a fragmented landscape. Nature 404: 755-758.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 755-758
    • Hanski, I.1    Ovaskainen, O.2
  • 198
    • 79960336707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulses of movement across the sea ice: population connectivity and temporal genetic structure in the arctic fox
    • Noren, K. et al 2011. Pulses of movement across the sea ice: population connectivity and temporal genetic structure in the arctic fox. Oecologia 166: 973-984.
    • (2011) Oecologia , vol.166 , pp. 973-984
    • Noren, K.1
  • 199
    • 77954688884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern nomads: ability for extensive movements in adult arctic foxes
    • Tarroux, A., D. Berteaux & J. Bêty 2010. Northern nomads: ability for extensive movements in adult arctic foxes. Polar Biol. 33: 1021-1026.
    • (2010) Polar Biol. , vol.33 , pp. 1021-1026
    • Tarroux, A.1    Berteaux, D.2    Bêty, J.3
  • 200
    • 70349603607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Farmed arctic foxes on the Fennoscandian mountain tundra: implications for conservation
    • Noren, K. et al 2009. Farmed arctic foxes on the Fennoscandian mountain tundra: implications for conservation. Animal Conserv. 12: 434-444.
    • (2009) Animal Conserv. , vol.12 , pp. 434-444
    • Noren, K.1
  • 201
    • 65249164081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure in an isolated Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus, population: the impact of geographical barriers
    • Noren, K., A. Angerbjorn & P. Hersteinsson 2009. Population structure in an isolated Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus, population: the impact of geographical barriers. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 97: 18-26.
    • (2009) Biol. J. Linnean Soc. , vol.97 , pp. 18-26
    • Noren, K.1    Angerbjorn, A.2    Hersteinsson, P.3
  • 202
    • 34249850055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancient DNA reveals lack of postglacial habitat tracking in the arctic fox
    • Dalen, L. et al 2007. Ancient DNA reveals lack of postglacial habitat tracking in the arctic fox. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 6726-6729.
    • (2007) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 6726-6729
    • Dalen, L.1
  • 203
    • 80052786748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unexpected consequences of control: competitive vs. predator release in a four-species assemblage of invasive mammals
    • Ruscoe, W.A. et al 2011. Unexpected consequences of control: competitive vs. predator release in a four-species assemblage of invasive mammals. Ecol. Lett. 14: 1035-1042.
    • (2011) Ecol. Lett. , vol.14 , pp. 1035-1042
    • Ruscoe, W.A.1
  • 204
    • 0037154154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Golden eagels, feral pigs, and insular carnivores: how exotic species turn native predators into prey
    • Roemer, G.W., C.J. Donlan & F. Courchamp 2002. Golden eagels, feral pigs, and insular carnivores: how exotic species turn native predators into prey. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 791-796.
    • (2002) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 791-796
    • Roemer, G.W.1    Donlan, C.J.2    Courchamp, F.3
  • 205
    • 72949120820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength of asymmetric competition between predators in food webs ruled by fluctuating prey: the case of foxes in tundra
    • Henden, J.-A. et al 2010. Strength of asymmetric competition between predators in food webs ruled by fluctuating prey: the case of foxes in tundra. Oikos 119: 27-34.
    • (2010) Oikos , vol.119 , pp. 27-34
    • Henden, J.-A.1
  • 206
    • 0034093587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low abundance of King eider nests during low lemming years in Northeast Greenland
    • Sittler, B., O. Gilg & T.B. Berg 2000. Low abundance of King eider nests during low lemming years in Northeast Greenland. Arctic 53: 53-60.
    • (2000) Arctic , vol.53 , pp. 53-60
    • Sittler, B.1    Gilg, O.2    Berg, T.B.3
  • 207
    • 63849343627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A link between water availability and nesting success mediated by predator-prey interactions in the Arctic
    • Lecomte, N., G. Gauthier & J.F. Giroux 2009. A link between water availability and nesting success mediated by predator-prey interactions in the Arctic. Ecology 90: 465-475.
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 465-475
    • Lecomte, N.1    Gauthier, G.2    Giroux, J.F.3
  • 208
    • 0033763542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed capelin (Mallotus villosus) availability influences predatory behaviour of large gulls on black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), causing a reduction in kittiwak breeding success
    • Massaro, M. et al 2000. Delayed capelin (Mallotus villosus) availability influences predatory behaviour of large gulls on black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), causing a reduction in kittiwak breeding success. Can. J. Zool. 78: 1588-1596.
    • (2000) Can. J. Zool. , vol.78 , pp. 1588-1596
    • Massaro, M.1
  • 209
    • 79958856346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal movements of Gyrfalcons Falco rusticolus include extensive periods at sea
    • Burnham, K.K. & I.A.N. Newton 2011. Seasonal movements of Gyrfalcons Falco rusticolus include extensive periods at sea. Ibis 153: 468-484.
    • (2011) Ibis , vol.153 , pp. 468-484
    • Burnham, K.K.1    Newton, I.A.N.2
  • 210
    • 80053053207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An avian terrestrial predator of the Arctic relies on the marine ecosystem during winter
    • Therrien, J.-F., G. Gauthier & J. Bêty 2011. An avian terrestrial predator of the Arctic relies on the marine ecosystem during winter. J. Avian Biol. 42: 363-369.
    • (2011) J. Avian Biol. , vol.42 , pp. 363-369
    • Therrien, J.-F.1    Gauthier, G.2    Bêty, J.3
  • 211
    • 1442305335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in fisheries discard rates and seabird communities
    • Votier, S.C. et al 2004. Changes in fisheries discard rates and seabird communities. Nature 427: 727-730.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 727-730
    • Votier, S.C.1
  • 212
    • 33745073219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible impact of snow depth and ungulate carcasses on red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations in Norway
    • Selås, V. & J.O. Vik 2006. Possible impact of snow depth and ungulate carcasses on red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations in Norway, 1897-1976. J. Zool. 269: 299-308.
    • (2006) J. Zool. , pp. 1897-1976
    • Selås, V.1    Vik, J.O.2
  • 214
    • 34548555082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the sea ice have a tipping point?
    • Winton, M. 2006. Does the sea ice have a tipping point? Geophys. Res. Lett. 33: 1-5.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33 , pp. 1-5
    • Winton, M.1
  • 215
    • 44249083773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complexity of predicting climate-induced ecological impacts
    • Mustin, K., W.J. Sutherland & J.A. Gill 2007. The complexity of predicting climate-induced ecological impacts. Clim. Res. 35: 165-175.
    • (2007) Clim. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 165-175
    • Mustin, K.1    Sutherland, W.J.2    Gill, J.A.3
  • 216
    • 65349095563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting 21st-century polar bear habitat distribution from global climate models
    • Durner, G.M. et al 2009. Predicting 21st-century polar bear habitat distribution from global climate models. Ecol. Monogr. 79: 25-58.
    • (2009) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.79 , pp. 25-58
    • Durner, G.M.1
  • 217
    • 85005981526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Bayesian network modeling approach to forecasting the 21st century worldwide status of polar bears, in Arctic Sea Ice Decline: observations, projections, mechanisms, and implications
    • Amstrup, S.C., B.G. Marcot & D.C. Dougles 2008. A Bayesian network modeling approach to forecasting the 21st century worldwide status of polar bears, in Arctic Sea Ice Decline: observations, projections, mechanisms, and implications. Geophys. Monogr. Ser. 180: 213-268.
    • (2008) Geophys. Monogr. Ser. , vol.180 , pp. 213-268
    • Amstrup, S.C.1    Marcot, B.G.2    Dougles, D.C.3
  • 218
    • 78650312766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence
    • Amstrup, S.C. et al 2010. Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence. Nature 468: 955-958.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.468 , pp. 955-958
    • Amstrup, S.C.1
  • 219
    • 50049107002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impacts of climate change on Arctic marine mammals
    • Huntington, H.P. & S.E. Moore 2008. Assessing the impacts of climate change on Arctic marine mammals. Ecol. Appl. 18: S1-S2.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Huntington, H.P.1    Moore, S.E.2
  • 220
    • 50049105408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustaining a healthy human-walrus relationship in a dynamic environment: challenges for comanagement
    • Metcalf, V. & M. Robards 2008. Sustaining a healthy human-walrus relationship in a dynamic environment: challenges for comanagement. Ecol. Appl. 18: S148-S156.
    • (2008) Ecol. Appl. , vol.18
    • Metcalf, V.1    Robards, M.2
  • 221
    • 79952305418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of climate change on the world's most exceptional ecoregions
    • Beaumont, L.J. et al 2011. Impacts of climate change on the world's most exceptional ecoregions. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 108: 2306-2311.
    • (2011) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.108 , pp. 2306-2311
    • Beaumont, L.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.