메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 95-103

Glucocorticoid analogues: Potential therapeutic Alternatives for treating inflammatory muscle diseases

Author keywords

Glucocorticoids; Inflammatory muscle diseases; Muscular dystrophy; Myositis

Indexed keywords

4 (2,3 DIHYDROBENZOFURAN 7 YL) 2 HYDROXY 3,3 DIMETHYL N (4 METHYL 1 OXO 2,3 BENZOXAZIN 6 YL) 2 TRIFLUOROMETHYLBUTANAMIDE; 5 ALLYL 1,2 DIHYDRO 10 METHOXY 2,2,4 TRIMETHYL 5H 1 BENZOPYRANO[3,4 F]QUINOLINE; AZATHIOPRINE; BENZYLIDENE DERIVATIVE; COMPOUND A; CREATINE KINASE; CYCLOSPORIN; DYSFERLIN; DYSTROPHIN; GLUCOCORTICOID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 12P40; KLF15 PROTEIN; LAZAROID; LGD 5552; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; METHOTREXATE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MUSCLE PROTEIN; PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; PREDNISOLONE; PREDNISONE; REDD1 PROTEIN; RITUXIMAB; RU 24858; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN;

EID: 84857136938     PISSN: 18715303     EISSN: 22123873     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/187153012799279045     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (17)

References (75)
  • 3
    • 0037336186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical stress activates the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in skeletal muscle fibers: A possible role in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Kumar, A. and Boriek, A. M. (2003) Mechanical stress activates the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in skeletal muscle fibers: a possible role in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. FASEB J., 17, 386-396.
    • (2003) FASEB J , vol.17 , pp. 386-396
    • Kumar, A.1    Boriek, A.M.2
  • 4
    • 0035122405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helper (CD4(+)) and cytotoxic (CD8(+)) T cells promote the pathology of dystrophin-deficient muscle
    • Spencer, M. J.; Montecino-Rodriguez, E.; Dorshkind, K. and Tidball, J. G. (2001) Helper (CD4(+)) and cytotoxic (CD8(+)) T cells promote the pathology of dystrophin-deficient muscle. Clin. Immunol., 98, 235-243.
    • (2001) Clin. Immunol , vol.98 , pp. 235-243
    • Spencer, M.J.1    Montecino-Rodriguez, E.2    Dorshkind, K.3    Tidball, J.G.4
  • 5
    • 25444505994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early onset of inflammation and later involvement of TGFbeta in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Chen, Y. W.; Nagaraju, K.; Bakay, M.; McIntyre, O.; Rawat, R.; Shi, R. and Hoffman, E. P. (2005) Early onset of inflammation and later involvement of TGFbeta in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neurology, 65, 826-834.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 826-834
    • Chen, Y.W.1    Nagaraju, K.2    Bakay, M.3    McIntyre, O.4    Rawat, R.5    Shi, R.6    Hoffman, E.P.7
  • 6
    • 0025081106 scopus 로고
    • Nature of the mononuclear infiltrate and the mechanism of muscle damage in juvenile dermatomyositis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • McDouall, R. M.; Dunn, M. J. and Dubowitz, V. (1990) Nature of the mononuclear infiltrate and the mechanism of muscle damage in juvenile dermatomyositis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J. Neurol. Sci., 99, 199-217.
    • (1990) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.99 , pp. 199-217
    • McDouall, R.M.1    Dunn, M.J.2    Dubowitz, V.3
  • 7
    • 68949143544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune-mediated mechanisms potentially regulate the disease time-course of duchenne muscular dystrophy and provide targets for therapeutic intervention
    • Evans, N. P.; Misyak, S. A.; Robertson, J. L.; Bassaganya-Riera, J. and Grange, R. W. (2009) Immune-mediated mechanisms potentially regulate the disease time-course of duchenne muscular dystrophy and provide targets for therapeutic intervention. PM R., 1, 755-768.
    • (2009) PM R , vol.1 , pp. 755-768
    • Evans, N.P.1    Misyak, S.A.2    Robertson, J.L.3    Bassaganya-Riera, J.4    Grange, R.W.5
  • 8
    • 33748519220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced necrosis of dystrophic muscle by depletion of host neutrophils, or blocking TNFalpha function with Etanercept in mdx mice
    • Hodgetts, S.; Radley, H.; Davies, M. and Grounds, M. D. (2006) Reduced necrosis of dystrophic muscle by depletion of host neutrophils, or blocking TNFalpha function with Etanercept in mdx mice. Neuromuscul. Disord., 16, 591-602.
    • (2006) Neuromuscul. Disord , vol.16 , pp. 591-602
    • Hodgetts, S.1    Radley, H.2    Davies, M.3    Grounds, M.D.4
  • 9
    • 0028212670 scopus 로고
    • A role for mast cells in the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy? Correlations in dystrophin-deficient humans, dogs, and mice
    • Gorospe, J. R.; Tharp, M. D.; Hinckley, J.; Kornegay, J. N. and Hoffman, E. P. (1994) A role for mast cells in the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy? Correlations in dystrophin-deficient humans, dogs, and mice. J. Neurol. Sci., 122, 44-56.
    • (1994) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.122 , pp. 44-56
    • Gorospe, J.R.1    Tharp, M.D.2    Hinckley, J.3    Kornegay, J.N.4    Hoffman, E.P.5
  • 10
    • 0021961978 scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of HLA ABC class I antigens by muscle fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, inflammatory myopathy, and other neuromuscular disorders
    • Appleyard, S. T.; Dunn, M. J.; Dubowitz, V. and Rose, M. L. (1985) Increased expression of HLA ABC class I antigens by muscle fibres in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, inflammatory myopathy, and other neuromuscular disorders. Lancet, 1, 361-363.
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 361-363
    • Appleyard, S.T.1    Dunn, M.J.2    Dubowitz, V.3    Rose, M.L.4
  • 11
    • 0024537071 scopus 로고
    • Expression of class I and class II MHC antigens in neuromuscular diseases
    • McDouall, R. M.; Dunn, M. J. and Dubowitz, V. (1989) Expression of class I and class II MHC antigens in neuromuscular diseases, J. Neurol. Sci., 89, 213-226.
    • (1989) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.89 , pp. 213-226
    • McDouall, R.M.1    Dunn, M.J.2    Dubowitz, V.3
  • 15
    • 70349792606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonimmune mechanisms of muscle damage in myositis: Role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response and autophagy in the disease pathogenesis
    • Henriques-Pons, A. and Nagaraju, K. (2009) Nonimmune mechanisms of muscle damage in myositis: role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response and autophagy in the disease pathogenesis. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol., 21, 581-587.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 581-587
    • Henriques-Pons, A.1    Nagaraju, K.2
  • 18
    • 44549088412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel insights into mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and the development of new glucocorticoid receptor ligands
    • Lowenberg, M.; Stahn, C.; Hommes, D. W. and Buttgereit, F. (2008) Novel insights into mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and the development of new glucocorticoid receptor ligands. Steroids, 73, 1025-1029.
    • (2008) Steroids , vol.73 , pp. 1025-1029
    • Lowenberg, M.1    Stahn, C.2    Hommes, D.W.3    Buttgereit, F.4
  • 19
    • 0036224429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid glucocorticoid effects on immune cells
    • Buttgereit, F. and Scheffold, A. (2002) Rapid glucocorticoid effects on immune cells. Steroids, 67, 529-534.
    • (2002) Steroids , vol.67 , pp. 529-534
    • Buttgereit, F.1    Scheffold, A.2
  • 20
    • 0033778192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and clinical relevance of nongenomic glucocorticoid actions
    • Buttgereit, F. (2000) Mechanisms and clinical relevance of nongenomic glucocorticoid actions. Z. Rheumatol., 59(Suppl 2), II/ 119-123.
    • (2000) Z. Rheumatol , vol.59 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 119-123
    • Buttgereit, F.1
  • 21
    • 0034059188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids act within minutes to inhibit recruitment of signalling factors to activated EGF receptors through a receptor-dependent, transcription-independent mechanism
    • Croxtall, J. D.; Choudhury, Q. and Flower, R. J. (2000) Glucocorticoids act within minutes to inhibit recruitment of signalling factors to activated EGF receptors through a receptor-dependent, transcription-independent mechanism. Br. J. Pharmacol., 130, 289-298.
    • (2000) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.130 , pp. 289-298
    • Croxtall, J.D.1    Choudhury, Q.2    Flower, R.J.3
  • 24
    • 69749102716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of prednisolone on skeletal muscle contractility in mdx mice
    • Baltgalvis, K. A.; Call, J. A.; Nikas, J. B. and Lowe, D. A. (2009) Effects of prednisolone on skeletal muscle contractility in mdx mice. Muscle Nerve., 40, 443-454.
    • (2009) Muscle Nerve , vol.40 , pp. 443-454
    • Baltgalvis, K.A.1    Call, J.A.2    Nikas, J.B.3    Lowe, D.A.4
  • 25
    • 79551619569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle 11beta-HSD1 controls glucocorticoid-induced proteolysis and expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and MuRF-1
    • Biedasek, K.; Andres, J.; Mai, K.; Adams, S.; Spuler, S.; Fielitz, J. and Spranger, J. (2011) Skeletal muscle 11beta-HSD1 controls glucocorticoid-induced proteolysis and expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and MuRF-1, PLoS One, 6, e16674.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , pp. 16674
    • Biedasek, K.1    Andres, J.2    Mai, K.3    Adams, S.4    Spuler, S.5    Fielitz, J.6    Spranger, J.7
  • 26
    • 73649131977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of muscle atrophy induced by glucocorticoids
    • Schakman, O.; Gilson, H.; Kalista, S. and Thissen, J. P. (2009) Mechanisms of muscle atrophy induced by glucocorticoids. Horm. Res., 72 Suppl 1, 36-41.
    • (2009) Horm. Res , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 36-41
    • Schakman, O.1    Gilson, H.2    Kalista, S.3    Thissen, J.P.4
  • 29
    • 0036810356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids, Pharmacol
    • Schacke, H.; Docke, W. D. and Asadullah, K. (2002) Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids, Pharmacol. Ther., 96, 23-43.
    • (2002) Ther , vol.96 , pp. 23-43
    • Schacke, H.1    Docke, W.D.2    Asadullah, K.3
  • 30
    • 33746040482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of inflammatory myopathies
    • Cordeiro, A. C. and Isenberg, D. A. (2006) Treatment of inflammatory myopathies, Postgrad. Med. J., 82, 417-424.
    • (2006) Postgrad. Med. J , vol.82 , pp. 417-424
    • Cordeiro, A.C.1    Isenberg, D.A.2
  • 32
    • 0035818924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsteroidal selective glucocorticoid modulators: The effect of C-5 alkyl substitution on the transcriptional activation/repression profile of 2,5-dihydro-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1H-[1]benzopyrano [3,4-f]quinolines
    • Elmore, S. W.; Coghlan, M. J.; Anderson, D. D.; Pratt, J. K.; Green, B. E.; Wang, A. X.; Stashko, M. A.; Lin, C. W.; Tyree, C. M.; Miner, J. N.; Jacobson, P. B.; Wilcox, D. M. and Lane, B. C. (2001) Nonsteroidal selective glucocorticoid modulators: the effect of C-5 alkyl substitution on the transcriptional activation/repression profile of 2,5-dihydro-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1H-[1]benzopyrano [3,4-f]quinolines. J. Med. Chem., 44, 4481-4491.
    • (2001) J. Med. Chem , vol.44 , pp. 4481-4491
    • Elmore, S.W.1    Coghlan, M.J.2    Anderson, D.D.3    Pratt, J.K.4    Green, B.E.5    Wang, A.X.6    Stashko, M.A.7    Lin, C.W.8    Tyree, C.M.9    Miner, J.N.10    Jacobson, P.B.11    Wilcox, D.M.12    Lane, B.C.13
  • 33
    • 33846189394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The growth plate sparing effects of the selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, AL-438
    • Owen, H. C.; Miner, J. N.; Ahmed, S. F. Farquharson, C. (2007) The growth plate sparing effects of the selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, AL-438, Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 264, 164-170.
    • (2007) Mol. Cell Endocrinol , vol.264 , pp. 164-170
    • Owen, H.C.1    Miner, J.N.2    Ahmed, S.F.3    Farquharson, C.4
  • 34
    • 0347719371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of transactivation from transrepression by a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist leads to separation of therapeutic effects from side effects
    • Schacke, H.; Schottelius, A.; Docke, W. D.; Strehlke, P.; Jaroch, S.; Schmees, N.; Rehwinkel, H.; Hennekes, H. and Asadullah, K. (2004) Dissociation of transactivation from transrepression by a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist leads to separation of therapeutic effects from side effects. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 227-232.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 227-232
    • Schacke, H.1    Schottelius, A.2    Docke, W.D.3    Strehlke, P.4    Jaroch, S.5    Schmees, N.6    Rehwinkel, H.7    Hennekes, H.8    Asadullah, K.9
  • 35
    • 33646113165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dissociated glucocorticoids on OPG and RANKL in osteoblastic cells
    • Humphrey, E. L.; Williams, J. H.; Davie, M. W. and Marshall, M. J. (2006) Effects of dissociated glucocorticoids on OPG and RANKL in osteoblastic cells. Bone, 38, 652-661.
    • (2006) Bone , vol.38 , pp. 652-661
    • Humphrey, E.L.1    Williams, J.H.2    Davie, M.W.3    Marshall, M.J.4
  • 36
    • 70350125299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of ZK 245186, a novel, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist for the topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases
    • Schacke, H.; Zollner, T. M.; Docke, W. D.; Rehwinkel, H.; Jaroch, S.; Skuballa, W.; Neuhaus, R.; May, E.; Zugel, U. and Asadullah, K. (2009) Characterization of ZK 245186, a novel, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist for the topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Br. J. Pharmacol., 158, 1088-1103.
    • (2009) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.158 , pp. 1088-1103
    • Schacke, H.1    Zollner, T.M.2    Docke, W.D.3    Rehwinkel, H.4    Jaroch, S.5    Skuballa, W.6    Neuhaus, R.7    May, E.8    Zugel, U.9    Asadullah, K.10
  • 43
    • 70349247894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compound A, a plant origin ligand of glucocorticoid receptors, increases regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages to attenuate experimental autoimmune neuritis with reduced side effects
    • Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Z. Y. and Schluesener, H. J. (2009) Compound A, a plant origin ligand of glucocorticoid receptors, increases regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages to attenuate experimental autoimmune neuritis with reduced side effects. J. Immunol., 183, 3081-3091.
    • (2009) J. Immunol , vol.183 , pp. 3081-3091
    • Zhang, Z.1    Zhang, Z.Y.2    Schluesener, H.J.3
  • 44
    • 75149156175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiinflammatory properties of a plant-derived nonsteroidal, dissociated glucocorticoid receptor modulator in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • van Loo, G.; Sze, M.; Bougarne, N.; Praet, J.; Mc Guire, C.; Ullrich, A.; Haegeman, G.; Prinz, M.; Beyaert, R. and De Bosscher, K. Antiinflammatory properties of a plant-derived nonsteroidal, dissociated glucocorticoid receptor modulator in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mol. Endocrinol., 24, 310-322.
    • Mol. Endocrinol , vol.24 , pp. 310-322
    • van Loo, G.1    Sze, M.2    Bougarne, N.3    Praet, J.4    Mc Guire, C.5    Ullrich, A.6    Haegeman, G.7    Prinz, M.8    Beyaert, R.9    de Bosscher, K.10
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0035253604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic benefit of a dissociated glucocorticoid and the relevance of in vitro separation of transrepression from transactivation activity
    • Belvisi, M. G.; Wicks, S. L.; Battram, C. H.; Bottoms, S. E.; Redford, J. E.; Woodman, P.; Brown, T. J.; Webber, S. E. and Foster, M. L. (2001) Therapeutic benefit of a dissociated glucocorticoid and the relevance of in vitro separation of transrepression from transactivation activity. J. Immunol., 166, 1975-1982.
    • (2001) J. Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 1975-1982
    • Belvisi, M.G.1    Wicks, S.L.2    Battram, C.H.3    Bottoms, S.E.4    Redford, J.E.5    Woodman, P.6    Brown, T.J.7    Webber, S.E.8    Foster, M.L.9
  • 47
    • 34547887674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists (SEGRAs): Novel ligands with an improved therapeutic index
    • Schacke, H.; Berger, M.; Rehwinkel, H. and Asadullah, K. (2007) Selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists (SEGRAs): novel ligands with an improved therapeutic index. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 275, 109-117.
    • (2007) Mol. Cell Endocrinol , vol.275 , pp. 109-117
    • Schacke, H.1    Berger, M.2    Rehwinkel, H.3    Asadullah, K.4
  • 48
    • 50449111314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear receptor drug discovery
    • Chen, T. (2008) Nuclear receptor drug discovery. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 12, 418-426.
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol , vol.12 , pp. 418-426
    • Chen, T.1
  • 49
    • 79960898889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classic glucocorticoids versus non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor modulators: Survival of the fittest regulator of the immune system?
    • De Bosscher, K.; Beck, I. M. and Haegeman, G. (2010) Classic glucocorticoids versus non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor modulators: survival of the fittest regulator of the immune system?, Brain Behav. Immun., 24, 1035-1042.
    • (2010) Brain Behav. Immun , vol.24 , pp. 1035-1042
    • de Bosscher, K.1    Beck, I.M.2    Haegeman, G.3
  • 50
    • 0025580576 scopus 로고
    • Role of oxygen radicals in stroke: Effects of the 21-aminosteroids (lazaroids). A novel class of antioxidants
    • Hall, E. D.; Braughler, J. M. and McCall, J. M. (1990) Role of oxygen radicals in stroke: effects of the 21-aminosteroids (lazaroids). A novel class of antioxidants. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 361, 351-362.
    • (1990) Prog. Clin. Biol. Res , vol.361 , pp. 351-362
    • Hall, E.D.1    Braughler, J.M.2    McCall, J.M.3
  • 51
    • 0023610148 scopus 로고
    • A new class of compounds for stroke and trauma: Effects of 21-aminosteroids on lipid peroxidation
    • McCall, J. M.; Braughler, J. M. and Hall, E. D. (1987) A new class of compounds for stroke and trauma: effects of 21-aminosteroids on lipid peroxidation. Acta Anaesthesiol. Belg., 38, 417-420.
    • (1987) Acta Anaesthesiol. Belg , vol.38 , pp. 417-420
    • McCall, J.M.1    Braughler, J.M.2    Hall, E.D.3
  • 52
    • 0023837670 scopus 로고
    • A new 21- aminosteroid antioxidant lacking glucocorticoid activity stimulates adrenocorticotropin secretion and blocks arachidonic acid release from mouse pituitary tumor (AtT-20) cells
    • Braughler, J. M.; Chase, R. L.; Neff, G. L.; Yonkers, P. A.; Day, J. S.; Hall, E. D.; Sethy, V. H. and Lahti, R. A. (1988) A new 21- aminosteroid antioxidant lacking glucocorticoid activity stimulates adrenocorticotropin secretion and blocks arachidonic acid release from mouse pituitary tumor (AtT-20) cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 244, 423-427.
    • (1988) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.244 , pp. 423-427
    • Braughler, J.M.1    Chase, R.L.2    Neff, G.L.3    Yonkers, P.A.4    Day, J.S.5    Hall, E.D.6    Sethy, V.H.7    Lahti, R.A.8
  • 53
    • 0028187682 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic potential of the lazaroids (21-aminosteroids) in acute central nervous system trauma, ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Hall, E. D.; McCall, J. M. and Means, E. D. (1994) Therapeutic potential of the lazaroids (21-aminosteroids) in acute central nervous system trauma, ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Adv. Pharmacol., 28, 221-268.
    • (1994) Adv. Pharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 221-268
    • Hall, E.D.1    McCall, J.M.2    Means, E.D.3
  • 55
    • 34147152905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of free radicals in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy
    • Tidball, J. G. and Wehling-Henricks, M. (2007) The role of free radicals in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy. J. Appl. Physiol., 102, 1677-1686.
    • (2007) J. Appl. Physiol , vol.102 , pp. 1677-1686
    • Tidball, J.G.1    Wehling-Henricks, M.2
  • 56
    • 0030861564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress as a potential pathogenic mechanism in an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • Ragusa, R. J.; Chow, C. K. and Porter, J. D. (1997) Oxidative stress as a potential pathogenic mechanism in an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul. Disord., 7, 379-386.
    • (1997) Neuromuscul. Disord , vol.7 , pp. 379-386
    • Ragusa, R.J.1    Chow, C.K.2    Porter, J.D.3
  • 57
    • 0037403926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with dystrophinopathy show evidence of increased oxidative stress
    • Rodriguez, M. C. and Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2003) Patients with dystrophinopathy show evidence of increased oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol. Med., 34, 1217-1220.
    • (2003) Free Radic Biol. Med , vol.34 , pp. 1217-1220
    • Rodriguez, M.C.1    Tarnopolsky, M.A.2
  • 58
    • 32644442731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear factor kappa-B blockade reduces skeletal muscle degeneration and enhances muscle function in Mdx mice
    • Messina, S.; Bitto, A.; Aguennouz, M.; Minutoli, L.; Monici, M. C.; Altavilla, D.; Squadrito, F. and Vita, G. (2006) Nuclear factor kappa-B blockade reduces skeletal muscle degeneration and enhances muscle function in Mdx mice. Exp. Neurol., 198, 234-241.
    • (2006) Exp. Neurol , vol.198 , pp. 234-241
    • Messina, S.1    Bitto, A.2    Aguennouz, M.3    Minutoli, L.4    Monici, M.C.5    Altavilla, D.6    Squadrito, F.7    Vita, G.8
  • 59
    • 0027944377 scopus 로고
    • Lazaroids enhance skeletal myogenesis in primary cultures of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice
    • Metzinger, L.; Passaquin, A. C.; Vernier, A.; Thiriet, N.; Warter, J. M. and Poindron, P. (1994) Lazaroids enhance skeletal myogenesis in primary cultures of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. J. Neurol. Sci., 126, 138-145.
    • (1994) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.126 , pp. 138-145
    • Metzinger, L.1    Passaquin, A.C.2    Vernier, A.3    Thiriet, N.4    Warter, J.M.5    Poindron, P.6
  • 60
    • 0032919644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of lazaroid U-74389G and methylprednisolone on endotoxin-induced shock in mice
    • Fukuma, K.; Marubayashi, S.; Okada, K.; Yamada, K.; Kimura, A. and Dohi, K. (1999) Effect of lazaroid U-74389G and methylprednisolone on endotoxin-induced shock in mice. Surgery, 125, 421-430.
    • (1999) Surgery , vol.125 , pp. 421-430
    • Fukuma, K.1    Marubayashi, S.2    Okada, K.3    Yamada, K.4    Kimura, A.5    Dohi, K.6
  • 62
    • 0033971899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the 21-aminosteroid on nuclear factor-kappa B activation of Kupffer cells in endotoxin shock
    • Okada, K.; Marubayashi, S.; Fukuma, K.; Yamada, K. and Dohi, K. (2000) Effect of the 21-aminosteroid on nuclear factor-kappa B activation of Kupffer cells in endotoxin shock. Surgery, 127, 79-86.
    • (2000) Surgery , vol.127 , pp. 79-86
    • Okada, K.1    Marubayashi, S.2    Fukuma, K.3    Yamada, K.4    Dohi, K.5
  • 63
    • 78650531882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genistein attenuates Dgalactose-induced oxidative damage through decreased reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB binding activity in neuronal PC12 cells
    • Hsieh, H. M.; Wu, W. M. and Hu, M. L. Genistein attenuates Dgalactose-induced oxidative damage through decreased reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB binding activity in neuronal PC12 cells. Life Sci., 88, 82-88.
    • Life Sci , vol.88 , pp. 82-88
    • Hsieh, H.M.1    Wu, W.M.2    Hu, M.L.3
  • 64
    • 65549150307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: Modulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression and signal transduction pathways
    • Tunon, M. J.; Garcia-Mediavilla, M. V.; Sanchez-Campos, S. and Gonzalez-Gallego, J. (2009) Potential of flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: modulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression and signal transduction pathways. Curr. Drug Metab., 10, 256-271.
    • (2009) Curr. Drug Metab , vol.10 , pp. 256-271
    • Tunon, M.J.1    Garcia-Mediavilla, M.V.2    Sanchez-Campos, S.3    Gonzalez-Gallego, J.4
  • 65
    • 0029990552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of oxidants and antioxidants in the induction of AP-1, NF-kappaB, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression
    • Pinkus, R.; Weiner, L. M. and Daniel, V. (1996) Role of oxidants and antioxidants in the induction of AP-1, NF-kappaB, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression. J. Biol. Chem., 271, 13422-13429.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem , vol.271 , pp. 13422-13429
    • Pinkus, R.1    Weiner, L.M.2    Daniel, V.3
  • 66
    • 79751535816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duchenne muscular dystrophy-- what causes the increased membrane permeability in skeletal muscle?
    • Allen, D. G. and Whitehead, N. P. Duchenne muscular dystrophy-- what causes the increased membrane permeability in skeletal muscle?. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 43, 290-294.
    • Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol , vol.43 , pp. 290-294
    • Allen, D.G.1    Whitehead, N.P.2
  • 67
    • 0031817490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium influx inhibition by steroids and analogs in C2C12 skeletal muscle cell
    • Passaquin, A. C.; Lhote, P. and Ruegg, U. T. (1998) Calcium influx inhibition by steroids and analogs in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Br. J. Pharmacol., 124, 1751-1759.
    • (1998) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.124 , pp. 1751-1759
    • Passaqui, A.C.1    Lhot, P.2    Rueg, U.T.3
  • 68
    • 84960582159 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Weinblatt, M. E. (1995) Efficacy of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Br. J. Rheumatol., 34 Suppl 2, 43-48.
    • (1995) Br. J. Rheumatol , vol.34 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 43-48
    • Weinblatt, M.E.1
  • 69
    • 0033959857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dermatomyositis
    • Callen, J. P. (2000) Dermatomyositis. Lancet, 355, 53-57.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 53-57
    • Callen, J.P.1
  • 70
    • 0037212819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory myopathies: How to treat the difficult cases
    • Mastaglia, F. L. and Zilko, P. J. (2003) Inflammatory myopathies: how to treat the difficult cases. J. Clin. Neurosci., 10, 99-101.
    • (2003) J. Clin. Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 99-101
    • Mastaglia, F.L.1    Zilko, P.J.2
  • 75
    • 70350166145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of adult inflammatory myositis with rituximab: An emerging therapy for refractory patients
    • Majmudar, S.; Hall, H. A. and Zimmermann, B. (2009) Treatment of adult inflammatory myositis with rituximab: an emerging therapy for refractory patients. J. Clin. Rheumatol., 15, 338-340.
    • (2009) J. Clin. Rheumatol , vol.15 , pp. 338-340
    • Majmudar, S.1    Hall, H.A.2    Zimmermann, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.