Social Support and Self-Concept in Relation to Peer Victimization and Peer Aggression

Journal of School Violence

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 56-74

  Jenkins, Lyndsay N ^a   Demaray, Michelle Kilpatrick ^a  

^a NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

elementary school students; peer aggression; peer victimization; self concept; self esteem; social support

Indexed keywords

EID: 84855481960     PISSN: 15388220     EISSN: 15388239     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15388220.2011.630958     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Andreou, E. 2001. Bully/victim problems and their association with coping behavior in confliction peer interactions among school-age children. Educational Psychology, 21: 59-66. doi:10.1080/01443410125042
2. Arbuckle, J. L. 2007. Amos (Version 2.0) [Computer program], Chicago, IL: SPSS.
3. Austin, S. and Joseph, S. 1996. Assessment of bully/victim problems in 8- to 11-year olds. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 66: 447-456. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1996.tb01211.x
4. Baumeister, R. F., Smart, L. and Boden, J. M. 1996. Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression: The dark side of high self-esteem. Psychological Review, 103: 5-33. doi:10.1037//0033-295X.103.1.5
5. Bentler, P. M. 1990. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107: 238-246. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
6. Beran, T. N. and Tutty, L. 2002. Children's report of bullying and safety at school. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 17: 1-14. doi:10.1177/082957350201700201
7. Bollen, K. A. and Long, J. S. 1993. Testing structural equation models, Newbury Park, CA: Sage. doi:10.1177/0049124192021002001
8. Browne, M. W. and Cudeck, R. 1989. Single sample cross-validation indices for covariance structures. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 37: 62-83. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2404_4
9. Carmines, E. G. and McIver, J. P. 1981. "Analyzing models with unobserved variables". In Social measurement: Current issues, Edited by: Bohrnstedt, G. W. and Borgatta, E. F. 65-115. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
10. Cohen, S. 1998. Psychosocial models of the role of social support in the etiology of physical disease. Health Psychology, 7: 269-297. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.7.3.269
11. Conners-Burrow, N. A., Johnson, D. L., Whiteside-Mansell, L., McKelvey, L. and Gargus, R. A. 2009. Adults matter: Protecting children from the negative impacts of bullying. Psychology in the Schools, 46: 593-604. doi:10.1002/pits.20400
12. Davidson, L. M. and Demaray, M. K. 2007. Social support as a moderator between victimization and internalizing-externalizing distress from bullying. School Psychology Review, 36: 383-405.
13. Demaray, M. K. and Malecki, C. K. 2003. Perceptions of the frequency and importance of social support by students classified as victims, bullies, and bully/victims in an urban middle school. School Psychology Review, 32: 471-489.
14. Dubow, E. F. and Ullman, D. G. 1989. Assessing social support in elementary school children: The survey of children's social support. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 18: 52-64. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1801_7
15. Dumont, M. and Provost, M. A. 1999. Resilience in adolescents: Protective role of social support, coping strategies, self-esteem, and social activities on experience of stress and depression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 28: 343-363. doi:5552/10.1023/A:1021637011732
16. Espelage, D. L. and Swearer, S. M. 2010. "A social-ecological model for bullying prevention and intervention: Understanding the impact of adult communities children live in". In The handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective, Edited by: Jimerson, S. R., Swearer, S. M. and Espelage, D. L. 61-72. New York, NY: Routledge.
17. Harter, S. 1982. The perceived competence scale for children. Child Development, 53: 87-97. doi:10.2307/1129640
18. Harter, S. 1985. Manual for the Social Support Scale for Children, Denver, CO: University of Denver.
19. Hawker, D. S. J. and Boulton, M. J. 2000. Twenty years' research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41: 441-455. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00629
20. Holt, M. K. and Espelage, D. L. 2007. Perceived social support among bullies, victims, and bully-victims. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36: 984-994. doi:5552/10.1007/s10964-006-9153-3
21. Hoyle, R. H. and Smith, G. T. 1994. Formulating clinical research hypotheses as structural equations: A conceptual overview. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62: 429-440. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.62.3.429
22. Hu, L. and Bentler, P. 1995. "Evaluating model fit". In Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications, Edited by: Hoyle, R. H. 76-99. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
23. Kaukiainen, A., Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Tamminen, M., Vauras, M., Maki, H. and Poskiparta, E. 2002. Learning difficulties, social intelligence and self-concept: Connections to bully-victim problems. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 43: 269-278. doi:10.1111/1467-9450.00295
24. Kingery, P. (2001). The national school crime and safety survey. Washington, DC: Hamilton-Fish Institute. http://kingeryenglishschool.org/Kingery/attach/29.pdf (http://kingeryenglishschool.org/Kingery/attach/29.pdf)
25. Kochenderfer, B. J. and Ladd, G. W. 1996. Peer victimization: Cause or consequence of school maladjustment?. Child Development, 67: 1305-1317. doi:10.2307/1131701
26. Lopez, C. and DuBois, D. L. 2005. Peer victimization and rejection: Investigation of an integrative model of effects on emotional, behavioral, and academic adjustment in early adolescence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34: 25-36. doi:5552/10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_3
27. Malecki, C. K. and Demaray, M. K. 2002. Measuring perceived social support: Development of the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale. Psychology in the Schools, 39: 1-18. doi:10.1002/pits.10004
28. Malecki, C. K. and Demaray, M. K. 2006. Social support as a buffer in the relationship between socioeconomic status and academic performance. School Psychology Quarterly, 21: 375-395. doi:10.1037/h0084129
29. Malecki, C. K., Demaray, M. K. and Elliott, S. N. 2000. The Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale, DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University.
30. Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B. and Scheidt, P. 2001. Bully behaviors among US youth: Prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285: 2094-2100. doi:10.1001/jama.285.16.2094
31. Neary, A. and Joseph, S. 2000. Peer victimization and its relationship to self-concept and depression among school children. Personality and Individual Differences, 16: 183-186.
32. O'Moore, M. and Kirkham, C. 2001. Self-esteem and its relationship to bullying behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 27: 269-283. doi:10.1002/ab.1010
33. Olweus, D. 1993. Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do, Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
34. Olweus, D. 1997. Bully/victim problems in school: Knowledge base and an effective intervention program. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 18: 170-190.
35. Pearce, J. B. and Thompson, A. E. 1998. Practical approaches to reduce the impact of bullying. Archive of Disease in Childhood, 79: 528-531. doi:10.1136/adc.79.6.528
36. Rigby, K. 2000. Effects of peer victimization in schools and perceived social support on adolescent well-being. Journal of Adolescence, 23: 57-68. doi:10.1006/jado.1999.0289
37. Rigby, K. and Slee, P. T. 1991. Bullying among Australian school children: Reported behaviour and attitudes to victims. Journal of Social Psychology, 131: 615-622. doi:10.1080/00224545.1991.9924646
38. Salmivalli, C. 1998. Intelligent, attractive, well-behaving, unhappy: The structure of adolescents' self-concept in relation to their social behavior. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8: 333-354. doi:10.1207/s15327795jra0803_3
39. Schunk, D. H., Pintrich, P. R. and Meece, J. L. 2008. Motivation in education: Theory research and applications, 3rd, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
40. Slee, P. T. and Rigby, K. 1993. The relationship of Eysenck's personality factors and self-esteem to bully/victim behaviour in Australian school boys. Personality and Individual Differences, 14: 371-373. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(93)90136-Q
41. Stadler, C., Feifel, J., Rohrmann, S., Vermeiren, R. and Poustka, F. 2010. Peer victimization and mental health problems in adolescents: Are parental and school support protective?. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41: 371-386. doi:10.1007/s10578-010-0174-5
42. Steiger, J. H. 1990. Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25: 173-180. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
43. Swearer, S. M. (2001). The bully survey (Unpublished manuscript). The University of Nebraska-Lincoln http://www.targetbully.com/Bully_Survey.php (http://www.targetbully.com/Bully_Survey.php)
44. Unnever, J. D. and Cornell, D. G. 2004. Middle school victims of bullying: Who reports being bullied?. Aggressive Behavior, 30: 373-388. doi:10.1002/ab.20030
45. Wang, J., Iannotti, R. and Nansel, T. 2009. School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45: 368-375. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.021