Pro-angiogenic hematopoietic progenitor cells and endothelial colony-forming cells in pathological angiogenesis of bronchial and pulmonary circulation

Angiogenesis

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 411-422

  Duong, Heng T ^a   Erzurum, Serpil C ^a   Asosingh, Kewal ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Angiogenesis; Asthma; Endothelium; Lung; Progenitors; Pulmonary arterial hypertension

Indexed keywords

ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR;

AIRWAY REMODELING; ANGIOGENESIS; ASTHMA; AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL PROLIFERATION; COLONY FORMING CELL; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELL; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; HEMANGIOBLAST; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; HUMAN; LUNG BLOOD VESSEL; LUNG CIRCULATION; MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; STEM CELL GENE THERAPY; UPREGULATION;

AIRWAY REMODELING; ANGIOGENESIS INDUCING AGENTS; ASTHMA; BRONCHI; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; HEMANGIOBLASTS; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY; HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; PULMONARY CIRCULATION; TH2 CELLS;

EID: 84855205457     PISSN: 09696970     EISSN: 15737209     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9228-y     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. P Carmeliet 2005 Angiogenesis in life, disease and medicine Nature 438 932 936 16355210 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlSksrjF 10.1038/nature04478 (Pubitemid 43093958)
2. K Asosingh SC Erzurum 2009 Angioplasticity in asthma Biochem Soc Trans 37 805 810 19614598 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXovVOjuro%3D 10.1042/BST0370805
3. NW Morrell S Adnot SL Archer J Dupuis PL Jones MR MacLean IF McMurtry KR Stenmark PA Thistlethwaite N Weissmann JX Yuan EK Weir 2009 Cellular and molecular basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension J Am Coll Cardiol 54 S20 S31 19555855 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvVOks7g%3D 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.04.018
4. MR Richardson MC Yoder 2011 Endothelial progenitor cells: quo vadis? J Mol Cell Cardiol 50 266 272 20673769 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtlarsbo%3D 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.07.009
5. H Chao KK Hirschi 2010 Hemato-vascular origins of endothelial progenitor cells? Microvasc Res 79 169 173 20149806 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvFKrur4%3D 10.1016/j.mvr.2010.02.003
6. JM Hill G Zalos JP Halcox WH Schenke MA Waclawiw AA Quyyumi T Finkel 2003 Circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular function, and cardiovascular risk N Engl J Med 348 593 600 12584367 10.1056/NEJMoa022287 (Pubitemid 36204953)
7. CK Kissel R Lehmann B Assmus A Aicher J Honold U Fischer-Rasokat C Heeschen I Spyridopoulos S Dimmeler AM Zeiher 2007 Selective functional exhaustion of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow of patients with postinfarction heart failure J Am Coll Cardiol 49 2341 2349 17572250 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.095 (Pubitemid 46891715)
8. C Stamm HD Kleine YH Choi S Dunkelmann JA Lauffs B Lorenzen A David A Liebold C Nienaber D Zurakowski M Freund G Steinhoff 2007 Intramyocardial delivery of cd133+ bone marrow cells and coronary artery bypass grafting for chronic ischemic heart disease: safety and efficacy studies J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 133 717 725 17320570 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.08.077 (Pubitemid 46274739)
9. C Stamm B Westphal HD Kleine M Petzsch C Kittner H Klinge C Schumichen CA Nienaber M Freund G Steinhoff 2003 Autologous bone-marrow stem-cell transplantation for myocardial regeneration Lancet 361 45 46 12517467 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12110-1 (Pubitemid 36050962)
10. AM Abdel-Rahman SA el-Sahrigy SI Bakr 2006 A comparative study of two angiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenin in induced sputum from asthmatic children in acute attack Chest 129 266 271 16478840 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XisFChtLo%3D 10.1378/chest.129.2.266 (Pubitemid 43289843)
11. J Bartunek M Vanderheyden B Vandekerckhove S Mansour B De Bruyne P De Bondt I Van Haute N Lootens G Heyndrickx W Wijns 2005 Intracoronary injection of cd133-positive enriched bone marrow progenitor cells promotes cardiac recovery after recent myocardial infarction: feasibility and safety Circulation 112 I178 I183 16159812
12. Babin-Ebell J, Sievers HH, Charitos EI, Klein HM, Jung F, Hellberg AK, Depping R, Sier HA, Marxsen J, Stoelting S, Kraatz EG, Wagner KF (2010) Transmyocardial laser revascularization combined with intramyocardial endothelial progenitor cell transplantation in patients with intractable ischemic heart disease ineligible for conventional revascularization: preliminary results in a highly selected small patient cohort. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 58:11-16
13. T Sobrino O Hurtado MA Moro M Rodriguez-Yanez M Castellanos D Brea O Moldes M Blanco JF Arenillas R Leira A Davalos I Lizasoain J Castillo 2007 The increase of circulating endothelial progenitor cells after acute ischemic stroke is associated with good outcome Stroke 38 2759 2764 17761925 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.484386 (Pubitemid 47494015)
14. A Taguchi T Matsuyama H Moriwaki T Hayashi K Hayashida K Nagatsuka K Todo K Mori DM Stern T Soma H Naritomi 2004 Circulating cd34-positive cells provide an index of cerebrovascular function Circulation 109 2972 2975 15184275 10.1161/01.CIR.0000133311.25587.DE (Pubitemid 38808318)
15. CG Egan R Lavery F Caporali C Fondelli F Laghi-Pasini F Dotta V Sorrentino 2008 Generalised reduction of putative endothelial progenitors and cxcr4-positive peripheral blood cells in type 2 diabetes Diabetologia 51 1296 1305 18286257 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmslWhurk%3D 10.1007/s00125-008-0939-6
16. T Kusuyama T Omura D Nishiya S Enomoto R Matsumoto K Takeuchi J Yoshikawa M Yoshiyama 2006 Effects of treatment for diabetes mellitus on circulating vascular progenitor cells J Pharmacol Sci 102 96 102 16990702 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVOmtLrM 10.1254/jphs.FP0060256 (Pubitemid 44440972)
17. GP Fadini C Agostini A Avogaro 2005 Endothelial progenitor cells in cerebrovascular disease Stroke 36 1112 1113 15914765 10.1161/01.STR.0000167418. 29431.a8 (author reply 1113) (Pubitemid 40798723)
18. N Ferrara RS Kerbel 2005 Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target Nature 438 967 974 16355214 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlSksrnI 10.1038/nature04483 (Pubitemid 43093963)
19. M Thill NV Strunnikova MJ Berna N Gordiyenko K Schmid SW Cousins DJ Thompson KG Csaky 2008 Late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells in patients with age-related macular degeneration Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49 2696 2708 18515596 10.1167/iovs.07-0955
20. CM Sheridan D Rice PS Hiscott D Wong DL Kent 2006 The presence of ac133-positive cells suggests a possible role of endothelial progenitor cells in the formation of choroidal neovascularization Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47 1642 1645 16565404 10.1167/iovs.05-0779 (Pubitemid 46780777)
21. M Tomita H Yamada Y Adachi Y Cui E Yamada A Higuchi K Minamino Y Suzuki M Matsumura S Ikehara 2004 Choroidal neovascularization is provided by bone marrow cells Stem Cells 22 21 26 14688388 10.1634/stemcells.22-1-21 (Pubitemid 38018778)
22. N Sengupta S Caballero RN Mames JM Butler EW Scott MB Grant 2003 The role of adult bone marrow-derived stem cells in choroidal neovascularization Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44 4908 4913 14578416 10.1167/iovs.03-0342 (Pubitemid 37315308)
23. P Palange U Testa A Huertas L Calabro R Antonucci E Petrucci E Pelosi L Pasquini A Satta G Morici MA Vignola MR Bonsignore 2006 Circulating haemopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells are decreased in copd Eur Respir J 27 529 541 16507853 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjtVKqtbk%3D 10.1183/09031936.06.00120604 (Pubitemid 43372527)
24. E Sala C Villena C Balaguer A Rios C Fernandez-Palomeque BG Cosio J Garcia A Noguera A Agusti 2010 Abnormal levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells during exacerbations of copd Lung 188 331 338 20082199 10.1007/s00408-009-9225-8
25. A Huertas U Testa R Riccioni E Petrucci V Riti D Savi P Serra MR Bonsignore P Palange 2010 Bone marrow-derived progenitors are greatly reduced in patients with severe copd and low-bmi Respir Physiol Neurobiol 170 23 31 19895908 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVamtLk%3D 10.1016/j.resp.2009.10.003
26. E Burnham M Moss 2006 Progenitor cells in acute lung injury Minerva Anestesiol 72 369 374 16682903 1:STN:280:DC%2BD283lvVWqtA%3D%3D
27. EL Burnham WR Taylor AA Quyyumi M Rojas KL Brigham M Moss 2005 Increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells are associated with survival in acute lung injury Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172 854 860 15976374 10.1164/rccm.200410- 1325OC (Pubitemid 41369069)
28. DL Burke MG Frid CL Kunrath V Karoor A Anwar BD Wagner D Strassheim KR Stenmark 2009 Sustained hypoxia promotes the development of a pulmonary artery-specific chronic inflammatory microenvironment Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 297 L238 L250 19465514 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVahtrzF 10.1152/ajplung.90591.2008
29. CM Kahler J Wechselberger W Hilbe A Gschwendtner D Colleselli H Niederegger EM Boneberg G Spizzo A Wendel E Gunsilius JR Patsch J Hamacher 2007 Peripheral infusion of rat bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells leads to homing in acute lung injury Respir Res 8 50 17620112 10.1186/1465-9921-8-50 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXptlKlsLw%3D
30. K Ishizawa H Kubo M Yamada S Kobayashi M Numasaki S Ueda T Suzuki H Sasaki 2004 Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to lung regeneration after elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema FEBS Lett 556 249 252 14706858 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXovVSk 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01399-1 (Pubitemid 38058587)
31. M Yamada H Kubo K Ishizawa S Kobayashi M Shinkawa H Sasaki 2005 Increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with bacterial pneumonia: evidence that bone marrow derived cells contribute to lung repair Thorax 60 410 413 15860717 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M3is1egug%3D%3D 10.1136/thx.2004.034058 (Pubitemid 40685824)
32. K Asosingh MA Aldred A Vasanji J Drazba J Sharp C Farver SA Comhair W Xu L Licina L Huang B Anand-Apte MC Yoder RM Tuder SC Erzurum 2008 Circulating angiogenic precursors in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension Am J Pathol 172 615 627 18258847 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXktVKhtbY%3D 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070705 (Pubitemid 351354535)
33. K Asosingh S Swaidani M Aronica SC Erzurum 2007 Th1- and th2-dependent endothelial progenitor cell recruitment and angiogenic switch in asthma J Immunol 178 6482 6494 17475878 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXksl2msrg%3D (Pubitemid 46717432)
34. MG Frid JA Brunetti DL Burke TC Carpenter NJ Davie JT Reeves MT Roedersheimer N van Rooijen KR Stenmark 2006 Hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling requires recruitment of circulating mesenchymal precursors of a monocyte/macrophage lineage Am J Pathol 168 659 669 16436679 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhs1ansr8%3D 10.2353/ajpath.2006.050599 (Pubitemid 43271163)
35. NJ Davie JT Crossno Jr MG Frid SE Hofmeister JT Reeves DM Hyde TC Carpenter JA Brunetti IK McNiece KR Stenmark 2004 Hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery adventitial remodeling and neovascularization: contribution of progenitor cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286 L668 L678 12754186 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjtlans7g%3D 10.1152/ajplung.00108.2003
36. T Asahara T Murohara A Sullivan M Silver R van der Zee T Li B Witzenbichler G Schatteman JM Isner 1997 Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis Science 275 964 967 9020076 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXht1Clu7k%3D 10.1126/science.275.5302.964 (Pubitemid 27087709)
37. DA Ingram LE Mead H Tanaka V Meade A Fenoglio K Mortell K Pollok MJ Ferkowicz D Gilley MC Yoder 2004 Identification of a novel hierarchy of endothelial progenitor cells using human peripheral and umbilical cord blood Blood 104 2752 2760 15226175 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpslKjtrg%3D 10.1182/blood-2004- 04-1396 (Pubitemid 39434958)
38. MC Yoder 2009 Defining human endothelial progenitor cells J Thromb Haemost 7 Suppl 1 49 52 19630767 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpvV2jur8%3D 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03407.x
39. B Peault 2010 Hemangioblasts: back to the future? Blood 116 2864 2865 20966172 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVSku7zL 10.1182/blood-2010-07-296731
40. S Loges B Fehse MA Brockmann K Lamszus M Butzal M Guckenbiehl G Schuch S Ergun U Fischer AR Zander DK Hossfeld W Fiedler UM Gehling 2004 Identification of the adult human hemangioblast Stem Cells Dev 13 229 242 15186719 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktlyrsbc%3D 10.1089/154732804323099163 (Pubitemid 38738365)
41. Z Sun Y Zhang KR Brunt J Wu SH Li S Fazel RD Weisel A Keating RK Li 2010 An adult uterine hemangioblast: evidence for extramedullary self-renewal and clonal bilineage potential Blood 116 2932 2941 20606165 1:CAS:528: DC%2BC3cXhsVSku73F 10.1182/blood-2010-01-266882
42. RJ Medina CL O'Neill M Sweeney J Guduric-Fuchs TA Gardiner DA Simpson AW Stitt 2010 Molecular analysis of endothelial progenitor cell (epc) subtypes reveals two distinct cell populations with different identities BMC Med Genom 3 18 10.1186/1755-8794-3-18 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXmsFGjsbg%3D
43. CH Yoon J Hur KW Park JH Kim CS Lee IY Oh TY Kim HJ Cho HJ Kang IH Chae HK Yang BH Oh YB Park HS Kim 2005 Synergistic neovascularization by mixed transplantation of early endothelial progenitor cells and late outgrowth endothelial cells: the role of angiogenic cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases Circulation 112 1618 1627 16145003 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 104.503433 (Pubitemid 41324524)
44. B Assmus A Rolf S Erbs A Elsasser W Haberbosch R Hambrecht H Tillmanns J Yu R Corti DG Mathey CW Hamm T Suselbeck T Tonn S Dimmeler T Dill AM Zeiher V Schachinger 2010 Clinical outcome 2 years after intracoronary administration of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in acute myocardial infarction Circ Heart Fail 3 89 96 19996415 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.843243
45. E Chavakis C Urbich S Dimmeler 2008 Homing and engraftment of progenitor cells: a prerequisite for cell therapy J Mol Cell Cardiol 45 514 522 18304573 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlSgsr3J 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.01.004
46. DN Prater J Case DA Ingram MC Yoder 2007 Working hypothesis to redefine endothelial progenitor cells Leukemia 21 1141 1149 17392816 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXlsFOhs78%3D 10.1038/sj.leu.2404676 (Pubitemid 46831802)
47. J Hur HM Yang CH Yoon CS Lee KW Park JH Kim TY Kim JY Kim HJ Kang IH Chae BH Oh YB Park HS Kim 2007 Identification of a novel role of t cells in postnatal vasculogenesis: characterization of endothelial progenitor cell colonies Circulation 116 1671 1682 17909106 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.694778 (Pubitemid 47537841)
48. J Rehman J Li CM Orschell KL March 2003 Peripheral blood "endothelial progenitor cells" are derived from monocyte/macrophages and secrete angiogenic growth factors Circulation 107 1164 1169 12615796 10.1161/01.CIR.0000058702.69484.A0 (Pubitemid 36297209)
49. MC Yoder LE Mead D Prater TR Krier KN Mroueh F Li R Krasich CJ Temm JT Prchal DA Ingram 2007 Redefining endothelial progenitor cells via clonal analysis and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell principals Blood 109 1801 1809 17053059 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjtFeqtrc%3D 10.1182/blood-2006-08-043471 (Pubitemid 46348173)
50. DA Ingram LE Mead DB Moore W Woodard A Fenoglio MC Yoder 2005 Vessel wall-derived endothelial cells rapidly proliferate because they contain a complete hierarchy of endothelial progenitor cells Blood 105 2783 2786 15585655 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXivFGmt7w%3D 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3057 (Pubitemid 40446270)
51. K Tan E Lessieur A Cutler P Nerone A Vasanji K Asosingh S Erzurum B Anand-Apte 2010 Impaired function of circulating cd34(+) cd45(-) cells in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy Exp Eye Res 91 229 237 20493838 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXovFymsrg%3D 10.1016/j.exer.2010.05.012
52. M Toshner R Voswinckel M Southwood R Al-Lamki LS Howard D Marchesan J Yang J Suntharalingam E Soon A Exley S Stewart M Hecker Z Zhu U Gehling W Seeger J Pepke-Zaba NW Morrell 2009 Evidence of dysfunction of endothelial progenitors in pulmonary arterial hypertension Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180 780 787 19628780 10.1164/rccm.200810-1662OC
53. DP Sieveking A Buckle DS Celermajer MK Ng 2008 Strikingly different angiogenic properties of endothelial progenitor cell subpopulations: insights from a novel human angiogenesis assay J Am Coll Cardiol 51 660 668 18261686 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhslGrtbw%3D 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.059 (Pubitemid 351186872)
54. D Gao DJ Nolan AS Mellick K Bambino K McDonnell V Mittal 2008 Endothelial progenitor cells control the angiogenic switch in mouse lung metastasis Science 319 195 198 18187653 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXis1amtA%3D%3D 10.1126/science.1150224
55. S Zhang D Zhang B Sun 2007 Vasculogenic mimicry: current status and future prospects Cancer Lett 254 157 164 17306454 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXosFKjs7w%3D 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.12.036 (Pubitemid 47126687)
56. C Urbich C Heeschen A Aicher E Dernbach AM Zeiher S Dimmeler 2003 Relevance of monocytic features for neovascularization capacity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells Circulation 108 2511 2516 14581410 10.1161/01.CIR.0000096483.29777.50 (Pubitemid 37444414)
57. A Hislop 2005 Developmental biology of the pulmonary circulation Paediatr Respir Rev 6 35 43 15698814 10.1016/j.prrv.2004.11.009 (Pubitemid 40220867)
58. A Anderson-Berry EA O'Brien SB Bleyl A Lawson N Gundersen D Ryssman J Sweeley MJ Dahl CJ Drake GC Schoenwolf KH Albertine 2005 Vasculogenesis drives pulmonary vascular growth in the developing chick embryo Dev Dyn 233 145 153 15765515 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktFGrtrc%3D 10.1002/dvdy.20296 (Pubitemid 40548033)
59. KR Stenmark SH Abman 2005 Lung vascular development: implications for the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia Annu Rev Physiol 67 623 661 15709973 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjsFeks70%3D 10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.102229 (Pubitemid 40404504)
60. KR Stenmark N Davie M Frid E Gerasimovskaya M Das 2006 Role of the adventitia in pulmonary vascular remodeling Physiology 21 134 145 16565479 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XksFSqtLs%3D 10.1152/physiol.00053.2005 (Pubitemid 43752509)
61. X Li JW Wilson 1997 Increased vascularity of the bronchial mucosa in mild asthma Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156 229 233 9230753 1:STN:280: DyaK2sznsVejtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 27293194)
62. G Salvato 2001 Quantitative and morphological analysis of the vascular bed in bronchial biopsy specimens from asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects Thorax 56 902 906 11713351 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mnmsl2lsA%3D%3D 10.1136/thorax.56. 12.902 (Pubitemid 33097183)
63. B Vrugt S Wilson A Bron ST Holgate R Djukanovic R Aalbers 2000 Bronchial angiogenesis in severe glucocorticoid-dependent asthma Eur Respir J 15 1014 1021 10885418 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2FitVyqtA%3D%3D 10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.01507.x (Pubitemid 30399269)
64. RM Pascual SP Peters 2005 Airway remodeling contributes to the progressive loss of lung function in asthma: an overview J Allergy Clin Immunol 116 477 486 16159612 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.07.011 (Pubitemid 41267113)
65. A Chetta A Zanini A Foresi R D'Ippolito A Tipa A Castagnaro S Baraldo M Neri M Saetta D Olivieri 2005 Vascular endothelial growth factor up-regulation and bronchial wall remodelling in asthma Clin Exp Allergy 35 1437 1442 16297139 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlCjtrzK 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02360.x
66. DE Simcock V Kanabar GW Clarke K Mahn C Karner BJ O'Connor TH Lee SJ Hirst 2008 Induction of angiogenesis by airway smooth muscle from patients with asthma Am J Respir Crit Care Med 178 460 468 18556625 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXhtFKisLnP 10.1164/rccm.200707-1046OC
67. M Hashimoto H Tanaka S Abe 2005 Quantitative analysis of bronchial wall vascularity in the medium and small airways of patients with asthma and copd Chest 127 965 972 15764783 10.1378/chest.127.3.965 (Pubitemid 40775530)
68. A Zanini A Chetta D Olivieri 2008 Therapeutic perspectives in bronchial vascular remodeling in copd Ther Adv Respir Dis 2 179 187 19124370 10.1177/1753465808092339 (Pubitemid 351818743)
69. P Baluk T Tammela E Ator N Lyubynska MG Achen DJ Hicklin M Jeltsch TV Petrova B Pytowski SA Stacker S Yla-Herttuala DG Jackson K Alitalo DM McDonald 2005 Pathogenesis of persistent lymphatic vessel hyperplasia in chronic airway inflammation J Clin Invest 115 247 257 15668734 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFyjsL8%3D (Pubitemid 40385467)
70. P Baluk LC Yao J Feng T Romano SS Jung JL Schreiter L Yan DJ Shealy DM McDonald 2009 Tnf-alpha drives remodeling of blood vessels and lymphatics in sustained airway inflammation in mice J Clin Invest 119 2954 2964 19759514 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1Gjur%2FL
71. J Fuxe E Lashnits S O'Brien P Baluk SP Tabruyn F Kuhnert C Kuo G Thurston DM McDonald 2010 Angiopoietin/tie2 signaling transforms capillaries into venules primed for leukocyte trafficking in airway inflammation Am J Pathol 176 2009 2018 20133818 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXltlels7c%3D 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090976
72. SP Tabruyn K Colton T Morisada J Fuxe SJ Wiegand G Thurston AJ Coyle J Connor DM McDonald 2010 Angiopoietin-2-driven vascular remodeling in airway inflammation Am J Pathol 177 3233 3243 20952594 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXis1KitA%3D%3D 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100059
73. Doyle TM, Ellis R, Park HJ, Inman MD, Sehmi R (2010) Modulating progenitor accumulation attenuates lung angiogenesis in a mouse model of asthma. Eur Respir J (Epub ahead of print)
74. K Asosingh JD Hanson G Cheng MA Aronica SC Erzurum 2010 Allergen-induced, eotaxin-rich, proangiogenic bone marrow progenitors: a blood-borne cellular envoy for lung eosinophilia J Allergy Clin Immunol 125 918 925 20227754 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXktlGisrw%3D 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.017
75. D Heath JE Edwards 1958 The pathology of hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease; a description of six grades of structural changes in the pulmonary arteries with special reference to congenital cardiac septal defects Circulation 18 533 547 13573570 1:STN:280:DyaG1M%2Fgt12jsw%3D%3D
76. RM Tuder JC Marecki A Richter I Fijalkowska S Flores 2007 Pathology of pulmonary hypertension Clin Chest Med 28 vii 23 42 17338926 10.1016/j.ccm.2006. 11.010 (Pubitemid 46335935)
77. CD Cool JS Stewart P Werahera GJ Miller RL Williams NF Voelkel RM Tuder 1999 Three-dimensional reconstruction of pulmonary arteries in plexiform pulmonary hypertension using cell-specific markers. Evidence for a dynamic and heterogeneous process of pulmonary endothelial cell growth Am J Pathol 155 411 419 10433934 1:STN:280:DyaK1MzmsV2hug%3D%3D 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65137-1 (Pubitemid 29370391)
78. SD Lee KR Shroyer NE Markham CD Cool NF Voelkel RM Tuder 1998 Monoclonal endothelial cell proliferation is present in primary but not secondary pulmonary hypertension J Clin Invest 101 927 934 9486960 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhs1yqsrY%3D 10.1172/JCI1910 (Pubitemid 28125268)
79. RM Tuder B Groves DB Badesch NF Voelkel 1994 Exuberant endothelial cell growth and elements of inflammation are present in plexiform lesions of pulmonary hypertension Am J Pathol 144 275 285 7508683 1:STN:280: DyaK2c7ksVKktQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 24165948)
80. G Simonneau IM Robbins M Beghetti RN Channick M Delcroix CP Denton CG Elliott SP Gaine MT Gladwin ZC Jing MJ Krowka D Langleben N Nakanishi R Souza 2009 Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension J Am Coll Cardiol 54 S43 S54 19555858 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.04.012
81. FA Masri W Xu SA Comhair K Asosingh M Koo A Vasanji J Drazba B Anand-Apte SC Erzurum 2007 Hyperproliferative apoptosis-resistant endothelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 293 L548 L554 17526595 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVOqsbjL 10.1152/ajplung.00428.2006 (Pubitemid 47358814)
82. I Fijalkowska W Xu SA Comhair AJ Janocha LA Mavrakis B Krishnamachary L Zhen T Mao A Richter SC Erzurum RM Tuder 2010 Hypoxia inducible-factor1alpha regulates the metabolic shift of pulmonary hypertensive endothelial cells Am J Pathol 176 1130 1138 20110409 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXktVOis7w%3D 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090832
83. W Xu T Koeck AR Lara D Neumann FP DiFilippo M Koo AJ Janocha FA Masri AC Arroliga C Jennings RA Dweik RM Tuder DJ Stuehr SC Erzurum 2007 Alterations of cellular bioenergetics in pulmonary artery endothelial cells Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104 1342 1347 17227868 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht12hs7o%3D 10.1073/pnas. 0605080104 (Pubitemid 46184006)
84. S Farha K Asosingh W Xu J Sharp D George S Comhair M Park WH Tang JE Loyd K Theil R Tubbs E Hsi A Lichtin SC Erzurum 2011 Hypoxia-inducible factors in human pulmonary arterial hypertension: a link to the intrinsic myeloid abnormalities Blood 117 3485 3493 21258008 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkslagtLo%3D 10.1182/blood-2010-09-306357
85. GH Fong 2009 Regulation of angiogenesis by oxygen sensing mechanisms J Mol Med 87 549 560 19288062 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmsFWksb0%3D 10.1007/s00109-009- 0458-z
86. RM Tuder M Chacon L Alger J Wang L Taraseviciene-Stewart Y Kasahara CD Cool AE Bishop M Geraci GL Semenza M Yacoub JM Polak NF Voelkel 2001 Expression of angiogenesis-related molecules in plexiform lesions in severe pulmonary hypertension: evidence for a process of disordered angiogenesis J Pathol 195 367 374 11673836 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXotlGqu7s%3D 10.1002/path.953 (Pubitemid 32998364)
87. S Bonnet ED Michelakis CJ Porter MA Andrade-Navarro B Thebaud A Haromy G Harry R Moudgil MS McMurtry EK Weir SL Archer 2006 An abnormal mitochondrial-hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha-kv channel pathway disrupts oxygen sensing and triggers pulmonary arterial hypertension in fawn hooded rats: similarities to human pulmonary arterial hypertension Circulation 113 2630 2641 16735674 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XltFWgtbk%3D 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.609008 (Pubitemid 43948012)
88. G Marsboom P Pokreisz O Gheysens P Vermeersch H Gillijns M Pellens X Liu D Collen S Janssens 2008 Sustained endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction after chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension Stem Cells 26 1017 1026 18258720 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0562
89. K Satoh Y Kagaya M Nakano Y Ito J Ohta H Tada A Karibe N Minegishi N Suzuki M Yamamoto M Ono J Watanabe K Shirato N Ishii K Sugamura H Shimokawa 2006 Important role of endogenous erythropoietin system in recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice Circulation 113 1442 1450 16534010 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xitlegtbc%3D 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.583732 (Pubitemid 43739441)
90. GP Fadini M Schiavon F Rea A Avogaro C Agostini 2007 Depletion of endothelial progenitor cells may link pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension Am J Respir Crit Care Med 176 724 725 17881591 (author reply 725) (Pubitemid 47503082)
91. GP Diller S van Eijl DO Okonko LS Howard O Ali T Thum SJ Wort E Bedard JS Gibbs J Bauersachs AJ Hobbs MR Wilkins MA Gatzoulis J Wharton 2008 Circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with eisenmenger syndrome and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension Circulation 117 3020 3030 18519847 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmsFymu7o%3D 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769646
92. K Hayashida J Fujita Y Miyake H Kawada K Ando S Ogawa K Fukuda 2005 Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension Chest 127 1793 1798 15888860 10.1378/chest.127.5.1793 (Pubitemid 46218809)
93. K Asosingh SC Erzurum MC Yoder RM Tuder 2009 Letter by asosingh et al. regarding article, "circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with eisenmenger syndrome and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension" Circulation 119 e230 19273727 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.800961 (author reply e231)
94. M Toshner NW Morrell 2010 Endothelial progenitor cells in pulmonary hypertension-dawn of cell-based therapy? Int J Clin Pract Suppl 165 7 12 19958395 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02232.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXksl2msrY%3D
95. YD Zhao DW Courtman Y Deng L Kugathasan Q Zhang DJ Stewart 2005 Rescue of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension using bone marrow-derived endothelial-like progenitor cells: efficacy of combined cell and enos gene therapy in established disease Circ Res 96 442 450 15692087 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXhs12isLk%3D 10.1161/01.RES.0000157672.70560.7b (Pubitemid 40354538)
96. M Takahashi T Nakamura T Toba N Kajiwara H Kato Y Shimizu 2004 Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells into the lung to alleviate pulmonary hypertension in dogs Tissue Eng 10 771 779 15265294 10.1089/1076327041348563 (Pubitemid 38880395)
97. N Nagaya K Kangawa M Kanda M Uematsu T Horio N Fukuyama J Hino M Harada-Shiba H Okumura Y Tabata N Mochizuki Y Chiba K Nishioka K Miyatake T Asahara H Hara H Mori 2003 Hybrid cell-gene therapy for pulmonary hypertension based on phagocytosing action of endothelial progenitor cells Circulation 108 889 895 12835224 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmtFCisbo%3D 10.1161/01.CIR.0000079161.56080. 22 (Pubitemid 37022134)
98. XX Wang FR Zhang YP Shang JH Zhu XD Xie QM Tao JZ Chen 2007 Transplantation of autologous endothelial progenitor cells may be beneficial in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a pilot randomized controlled trial J Am Coll Cardiol 49 1566 1571 17418297 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXjvFGgtLo%3D 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.12.037 (Pubitemid 46517955)
99. JH Zhu XX Wang FR Zhang YP Shang QM Tao JZ Chen 2008 Safety and efficacy of autologous endothelial progenitor cells transplantation in children with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: open-label pilot study Pediatr Transplant 12 650 655 18466198 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2007.00863.x
100. L Teofili M Martini T Cenci G Petrucci L Torti S Storti F Guidi G Leone LM Larocca 2007 Different stat-3 and stat-5 phosphorylation discriminates among ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative diseases and is independent of the v617f jak-2 mutation Blood 110 354 359 17376889 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnsVaitrk%3D 10.1182/blood-2007-01-069237 (Pubitemid 47026854)
101. Montani D, Perros F, Gambaryan N, Girerd B, Dorfmuller P, Price LC, Huertas A, Hammad H, Lambrecht B, Simonneau G, Launay JM, Cohen-Kaminsky S, Humbert M (2011) C-kit positive cells accumulate in remodeled vessels of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (Epub ahead of print)
102. KR Stenmark KA Fagan MG Frid 2006 Hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling: cellular and molecular mechanisms Circ Res 99 675 691 17008597 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XpvFertro%3D 10.1161/01.RES.0000243584.45145.3f (Pubitemid 44498302)
103. KR Stenmark N Davie M Frid E Gerasimovskaya M Das 2006 Role of the adventitia in pulmonary vascular remodeling Physiology (Bethesda) 21 134 145 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XksFSqtLs%3D 10.1152/physiol.00053.2005 (Pubitemid 43752509)
104. JK Belknap EC Orton B Ensley A Tucker KR Stenmark 1997 Hypoxia increases bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices in bovine neonatal pulmonary arteries Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 16 366 371 9115746 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXitlyquro%3D (Pubitemid 127497461)