Increased vascularity of the bronchial mucosa in mild asthma

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 156, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 229-233

  Li, Xun ^a   Wilson, John W ^a,b  

^a ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; BRONCHUS MUCOSA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HUMAN; HYPEREMIA; IMAGE ANALYSIS; INFLAMMATORY CELL; MEDIATOR RELEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROVOCATION TEST; VASCULARIZATION;

EID: 0030841721     PISSN: 1073449X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.1.9607066     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Djukanovic, R., W. R. Roche, J. W. Wilson, C. R. W. Beasley, O. P. Twentyman, P. H. Howarth, and S. T. Holgate. 1990. Mucosal inflammation in asthma. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 142:434-457.
2. Beasley, R., W. R. Roche, J. A. Roberts, and S. T. Holgate. 1989. Cellular events in the bronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 139:806-817.
3. Roche, W. R., R. Beasley, J. H. Williams, and S. T. Holgate. 1989. Subepithelial fibrosis in the bronchi of asthmatics. Lancet 1:520-524.
4. Woolcock, A. J. 1986. Worldwide differences in asthma prevalence and mortality: why is asthma mortality so low in the USA? Chest 90(Suppl. 5):40S-45S.
5. Wilson, J. W., X. Li, and M. C. F. Pain. 1993. Lack of airway distensibility in asthma. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 148:806-809.
6. Deffenbach, M. E., N. B. Charan, S. Lakshminarayan, and J. Butler. 1987. The bronchial circulation - small, but a vital attribute of the lung. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:463-481.
7. Lee, T. H., K. F. Austen, A. G. Leitch, E. Israel, D. R. Robinson, R. A. Lewis, E. J. Corey, and J. M. Drazen. 1985. The effects of fish-oil-enriched diet on pulmonary mechanics during anaphylaxis. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 132:1204-1209.
8. Dixon, F. J., and S. Warren. 1950. Antigen tracer studies and histologic observations in anaphylactic shock in the guinea pig. Am. J. Med. Sci. 219:414-421.
9. Chediak, A. D., and A. Wanner. 1991. Effects of histamine on tracheal mucosal perfusion, water content and airway smooth muscle in sheep. Respir. Physiol. 84:231-242.
10. 2-adrenoreceptor stimulant, terbutaline. Acta Physiol. Scand. 101:504-506.
11. Laitinen, L. A., A. Laitinen, and J. Widdicombe. 1987. Effects of inflammatory and other mediators on airway vascular beds. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:S67-S70.
12. Laitinen, L. A., M. A. Laitinen, and J. G. Widdicombe. 1987. Dose-related effects of pharmacological mediators on tracheal vascular resistance in dogs. Br. J. Pharmacol. 92:703-709.
13. McDonald, D. M. 1987. Neurogenic inflammation in the respiratory tract: actions of sensory nerve mediators on blood vessels and epithelium of the airway mucosa. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 136:S65-S72.
14. Wilson, J. W., R. Djukanovic, P. H. Howarth, and S. T. Holgate. 1992. Lymphocyte activation in BAL and peripheral blood in atopic asthmatics. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 145:958-960.
15. Bjork, J., and G. Smedegard. 1983. Acute microvascular effects of PAF-acether, as studied by intravital microscopy. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 96:87.
16. Mariassy, A. T., H. Gazeroglu, and A. Wanner. 1991. Morphometry of the subepithelial circulation in sheep airways. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 143:162-166.
17. Mitzner, W., E. Wagner, and R. H. Brown. 1995. Is asthma a vascular disorder? Chest 107:97S-102S.
18. Blosser, S., W. Mitzner, and E. M. Wagner. 1994. Effects of increased bronchial blood flow on airway morphometry, resistance, and reactivity. J. Appl. Physiol. 76:1624-1629.
19. Moreno, R. H., J. C. Hogg, and P. D. Pare. 1986. Mechanics of airway narrowing. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133:1171-1180.
20. Hogg, J. C., P. D. Pare, and R. Moreno. 1987. The effect of submucosal edema in airways resistance. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135:S54-S56.
21. McFadden, E. R., Jr. 1990. Hypothesis: exercise-induced asthma as a vascular phenomenon. Lancet 335:880-883.
22. Cabanes, L. R., S. N. Weber, R. Matran, J. Regnard, M. O. Richard, M. E. DeGeorges, and A. Lockhart. 1989. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in patients with impaired left ventricular function. N. Engl. J. Med. 106:721-728.
23. Rolla, G., E. Scappaticci, E. Baldi, and C. Bucca. 1986. Methacholine inhalation challenge after rapid saline infusion in healthy subjects. Respiration 50:18-22.
24. McFadden, E. R., Jr., K. A. Lenner, and K. P. Strohl. 1986. Postexertional airway rewarming and the thermally induced asthma. J. Clin. Invest. 78:18-25.
25. Gilbert, I. A., J. M. Fouke, and E. R. McFadden, Jr. 1987. Heat and water flux in the intrathoracic airway and exercise induced asthma. J. Appl. Physiol. 63:1681-1691.
26. Dunnill, M. S. 1960. The pathology of asthma, with special changes in the bronchial mucosa. J. Clin. Pathol. 13:27-33.
27. Kuwano, K., C. H. Bosken, P. D. Paré, T. R. Bai, B. R. Wiggs, and J. C. Hogg. 1993. Small airways dimensions in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 148:1220-1225.
28. American Thoracic Society. 1987. Chronic bronchitis, asthma and pulmonary emphysema. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 136:224-225.
29. Chai, H., R. S. Farr, L. A. Froelich, D. A. Mathison, J. A. McLean, R. R. Rosenthal, A. L. Sheffer, S. L. Spector, and R. G. Townley. 1975. Standardization of bronchial challenge procedures. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 56:323-327.
30. Tsuboi, R., Y. Sato, and D. B. Rifkin. 1990. Correlation of cell migration, cell invasion, receptor number, proteinase production, and basic fibroblast growth factor levels in endothelial cells. J. Cell Biol. 110: 511-517.
31. Bradding, P., J. A. Roberts, K. M. Britten, S. Montefort, R. Djukanovic, R. Mueller, C. H. Heusser, P. H. Howarth, and S. T. Holgate. 1994. Interleukin-4, -5, and -6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in normal and asthmatic airways: evidence for the human mast cell as a source of these cytokines. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 10:471-480.
32. Connolly, D. T., D. M. Heuvelman, R. Nelson, J. V. Olander, B. L. Eppley, J. J. Delfino, N. R. Siegel, R. M. Leimgrumber, and J. Feber. 1989. Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis. J. Clin. Invest. 84:1478-1489.
33. Sumpio, B. E., A. J. Banes, L. G. Levin, and G. Johnson. 1987. Mechanical stress stimulates aortic endothelial cells to proliferate. J. Vasc. Surg. 6:252-256.
34. Tozzi, C. A., G. J. Poiani, A. M. Harangozo, C. D. Boyd, and D. J. Riley. 1989. Pressure-induced connective tissue synthesis in pulmonary artery segments is dependent on intact endothelium. J. Clin. Invest. 84:1005-1012.
35. 2-agonist, terbutaline, with an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, in newly detected asthma. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:388-392.