메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2011, Pages 16-21

Long-awaited dream of oral insulin: Where did we reach?

Author keywords

Delivery system; Diabetes; Mucoadhesive; Nanoparticle; Oral insulin; Polymer

Indexed keywords

AGENTS AFFECTING CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; CHITOSAN; DRUG CARRIER; EUDRAGIT; IN 105; INSULIN; INSULIN ASPART; NANOPARTICLE; NN 1952; ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ORMD 0801; PIG INSULIN; PLACEBO; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RECOMBINANT HUMAN INSULIN; SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 83455188152     PISSN: 09742441     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0013177942 scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin 1922-1992: The history of continuous ambition and failure
    • In: Berger M, Gries FA, editors, Germany: Thieme Publishing Group
    • Berger M. Oral insulin 1922-1992: The history of continuous ambition and failure. In: Berger M, Gries FA, editors. Frontiers in insulin pharmacology. Germany: Thieme Publishing Group; 1993. p. 144-8.
    • (1993) Frontiers in Insulin Pharmacology , pp. 144-148
    • Berger, M.1
  • 2
    • 75149194285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of oral insulin delivery
    • Wong TW. Design of oral insulin delivery. J Drug Target. 2010; 18(2):79-92.
    • (2010) J Drug Target , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-92
    • Wong, T.W.1
  • 3
    • 0019858909 scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycaemic effect of oral insulin preparations containing Brij 35, 52, 58 or 92 and stearic acid
    • Article first published online: 12 April 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13917.x
    • Mesiha MS, El-Bitar HI. Hypoglycaemic effect of oral insulin preparations containing Brij 35, 52, 58 or 92 and stearic acid. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 1981; 33(1): 733-4. Article first published online: 12 April 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13917.x
    • (1981) Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 733-734
    • Mesiha, M.S.1    El-Bitar, H.I.2
  • 4
    • 0034034332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of insulin to female nonobese diabetic mice inhibited diabetes and induced Fas ligand expression on islets of Langerhans
    • Wang H, Li YX, Sun Q, Yang GH. Oral administration of insulin to female nonobese diabetic mice inhibited diabetes and induced Fas ligand expression on islets of Langerhans. Chinese Med J 2000;113(5):433-36.
    • (2000) Chinese Med J , vol.113 , Issue.5 , pp. 433-436
    • Wang, H.1    Li, Y.X.2    Sun, Q.3    Yang, G.H.4
  • 5
    • 34249682591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-cell failure in diabetes and preservation by clinical treatment
    • Wajchenberg BL. Beta-cell failure in diabetes and preservation by clinical treatment. Endocr Rev 2007; 28:187-218.
    • (2007) Endocr Rev , vol.28 , pp. 187-218
    • Wajchenberg, B.L.1
  • 7
    • 0034641568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of glycemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study
    • DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405
    • Stratton IM, Adler Al, Neil HAW, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al. Association of glycemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000; 321: 405-12. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 405-412
    • Stratton, I.M.1    Al, A.2    Neil, H.A.W.3    Matthews, D.R.4    Manley, S.E.5    Cull, C.A.6
  • 8
    • 19944400122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationship of oral insulin spray in healthy subjects
    • Cernea S, Kidron M, Wohlgelernter J, Modi P, Raz I. Dose-response relationship of oral insulin spray in healthy subjects. Diabetes Care 2005; 28(6):1353-7.
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 1353-1357
    • Cernea, S.1    Kidron, M.2    Wohlgelernter, J.3    Modi, P.4    Raz, I.5
  • 9
    • 28444480623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationship of an oral insulin spray in six patients with type 1 diabetes: A single-center, randomized, single-blind, 5-way crossover study
    • Cernea S, Kidron M, Wohlgelernter J, Raz I. Dose-response relationship of an oral insulin spray in six patients with type 1 diabetes: a single-center, randomized, single-blind, 5-way crossover study. Clin Ther. 2005; 27(10):1562-70.
    • (2005) Clin Ther , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 1562-1570
    • Cernea, S.1    Kidron, M.2    Wohlgelernter, J.3    Raz, I.4
  • 10
    • 0032877655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin B-chain reactive CD4+ regulatory T-cells induced by oral insulin treatment protect from type 1 diabetes by blocking the cytokine secretion and pancreatic infiltration of diabetogenic effector T-cells
    • Bergerot I, Arreaza GA, Cameron MJ, Burdick MD, Strieter RM, Chensue SW et al. Insulin B-chain reactive CD4+ regulatory T-cells induced by oral insulin treatment protect from type 1 diabetes by blocking the cytokine secretion and pancreatic infiltration of diabetogenic effector T-cells. Diabetes 1999; 48:1720-9.
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 1720-1729
    • Bergerot, I.1    Arreaza, G.A.2    Cameron, M.J.3    Burdick, M.D.4    Strieter, R.M.5    Chensue, S.W.6
  • 11
    • 18144391496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral insulin in relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes: The diabetes prevention trial-type 1
    • DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.5.1068
    • Skyler JS, Krischer JP, Wolfsdorf J, Cowie C, Palmer JP, Greenbaum C, et al. Effects of oral insulin in relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes: the diabetes prevention trial-type 1. Diabetes Care 2005; 28(5): 1068-76. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.5.1068
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 1068-1076
    • Skyler, J.S.1    Krischer, J.P.2    Wolfsdorf, J.3    Cowie, C.4    Palmer, J.P.5    Greenbaum, C.6
  • 12
    • 34447132472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral insulin on insulin autoantibody levels in the Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 oral insulin study
    • Barker JM, McFann KK, Orban T. Effect of oral insulin on insulin autoantibody levels in the Diabetes Prevention Trial Type 1 oral insulin study. Diabetologica 2007; 50(8):1603-6.
    • (2007) Diabetologica , vol.50 , Issue.8 , pp. 1603-1606
    • Barker, J.M.1    McFann, K.K.2    Orban, T.3
  • 13
    • 80054692681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-Term Outcome of Individuals Treated With Oral Insulin - Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) oral insulin trial
    • Published online before print. May 24, 2011. DOI 10.2337/dc11-0523 Retrieved from
    • Vehik K, Cuthbertson D, Ruhlig H, Schatz DA, Peakman M, Krischer JP. Long-Term Outcome of Individuals Treated With Oral Insulin - Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) oral insulin trial. Diabetes care 2011. Published online before print. May 24, 2011. DOI 10.2337/dc11-0523 Retrieved from www.Care.diabetesjournals.org
    • (2011) Diabetes Care
    • Vehik, K.1    Cuthbertson, D.2    Ruhlig, H.3    Schatz, D.A.4    Peakman, M.5    Krischer, J.P.6
  • 14
    • 75649141158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin and buccal insulin: A critical reappraisal
    • Heinemann L and Jacques Y. Oral insulin and buccal insulin: a critical reappraisal. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2009; 3:568-84.
    • (2009) J Diabetes Sci Technol , vol.3 , pp. 568-584
    • Heinemann, L.1    Jacques, Y.2
  • 15
    • 75649094914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin - a review of current status
    • Iyer H, Khedkar A, Verma M. Oral insulin - a review of current status. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12:179-85.
    • (2010) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.12 , pp. 179-185
    • Iyer, H.1    Khedkar, A.2    Verma, M.3
  • 16
    • 0029730138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral protein delivery
    • Wang W. Oral protein delivery. J Drug Target 1996; 4:195-232.
    • (1996) J Drug Target , vol.4 , pp. 195-232
    • Wang, W.1
  • 18
    • 4344640503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological rationale for oral insulin administration
    • Arbit E. The physiological rationale for oral insulin administration. Diabetes Technol Ther 2004; 6:510-7.
    • (2004) Diabetes Technol Ther , vol.6 , pp. 510-517
    • Arbit, E.1
  • 19
    • 73549111762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges and advances in nanoparticle-based oral insulin delivery
    • Ramesan RM and Sharma CP. Challenges and advances in nanoparticle-based oral insulin delivery. Expert Rev Med Devices 2009; 6(6):665-76.
    • (2009) Expert Rev Med Devices , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 665-676
    • Ramesan, R.M.1    Sharma, C.P.2
  • 21
    • 56249094803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can insulin resistance be reversed by insulin therapy?
    • Zhao L, Sun D, Cao F, Yin T, Wang H. Can insulin resistance be reversed by insulin therapy? Med Hypotheses 2009; 72:34-5.
    • (2009) Med Hypotheses , vol.72 , pp. 34-35
    • Zhao, L.1    Sun, D.2    Cao, F.3    Yin, T.4    Wang, H.5
  • 22
    • 77956061331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin: A comparison with subcutaneous regular human insulin in patients with type 2
    • Kaptiza C, Zijlstra E, Heinemann L, Castelli MC, Riley G, Heise T. Oral insulin: A comparison with subcutaneous regular human insulin in patients with type 2. Diabetes Care 2010; 33(6):1288-90.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 1288-1290
    • Kaptiza, C.1    Zijlstra, E.2    Heinemann, L.3    Castelli, M.C.4    Riley, G.5    Heise, T.6
  • 24
    • 38049032166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of an oral insulin (Capsulin) and Actrapid during an isoglycemic clamp study in persons with type 2 diabetes
    • Luzio S, Dunseath G, Lockett A, Broke-Smith TP, New RR, Owens D. Comparison of an oral insulin (Capsulin) and Actrapid during an isoglycemic clamp study in persons with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2008; 56(Suppl. 1):A10.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.56 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Luzio, S.1    Dunseath, G.2    Lockett, A.3    Broke-Smith, T.P.4    New, R.R.5    Owens, D.6
  • 25
    • 0030938926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of intestinal tight junctions zona occludens toxin permits enteral administration of insulin and other macromolecules in an animal model
    • Fasano A, Uzzau S. Modulation of intestinal tight junctions zona occludens toxin permits enteral administration of insulin and other macromolecules in an animal model. J Clin Invest 1997; 99:1158-64.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 1158-1164
    • Fasano, A.1    Uzzau, S.2
  • 26
    • 0022999025 scopus 로고
    • The oral absorption of cefoxitin from oil and emulsion vehicles in rats
    • Palin KJ, Phillips AJ, Ning A. The oral absorption of cefoxitin from oil and emulsion vehicles in rats. Int J Pharm 1986; 33:99-104.
    • (1986) Int J Pharm , vol.33 , pp. 99-104
    • Palin, K.J.1    Phillips, A.J.2    Ning, A.3
  • 27
    • 0027988721 scopus 로고
    • Effect of various protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption and degradation of insulin in rats
    • Yamamoto A, Taniguchi T, Rikyuu K, Tsuji T, Fujita T, Murakami M et al. Effect of various protease inhibitors on the intestinal absorption and degradation of insulin in rats. Pharm Res 1994; 11:1496-1500.
    • (1994) Pharm Res , vol.11 , pp. 1496-1500
    • Yamamoto, A.1    Taniguchi, T.2    Rikyuu, K.3    Tsuji, T.4    Fujita, T.5    Murakami, M.6
  • 29
    • 0036379293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin product hexyl-insulin monoconjugate 2 (HIM2) in type 1 diabetes mellitus: The glucose stabilization effects of HIM2
    • Clement S, Still JG, Kosutic G, McAllister RG. Oral insulin product hexyl-insulin monoconjugate 2 (HIM2) in type 1 diabetes mellitus: the glucose stabilization effects of HIM2. Diabetes Technol Ther 2002; 4(4):459-66.
    • (2002) Diabetes Technol Ther , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 459-466
    • Clement, S.1    Still, J.G.2    Kosutic, G.3    McAllister, R.G.4
  • 30
    • 84862833264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposomes containing glycocholate as potential oral insulin delivery systems: Preparation, in vitro characterization, and improved protection against enzymatic degradation
    • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S19917
    • Niu M, Lu Y, Hovgaard L, Wu W. Liposomes containing glycocholate as potential oral insulin delivery systems: preparation, in vitro characterization, and improved protection against enzymatic degradation. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1155-66. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S19917
    • (2011) Int J Nanomedicine , vol.6 , pp. 1155-1166
    • Niu, M.1    Lu, Y.2    Hovgaard, L.3    Wu, W.4
  • 31
    • 78650259906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 2-week randomized active comparator study of two HDV-Insulin routes (SC and oral) and SC human insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes
    • Schwartz S, Geho B, Rosenberg L, Lau J. A 2-week randomized active comparator study of two HDV-Insulin routes (SC and oral) and SC human insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2008, 57(Suppl. 1):A124.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Schwartz, S.1    Geho, B.2    Rosenberg, L.3    Lau, J.4
  • 32
    • 79955619433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uptake and transport of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes by Caco-2 cells--towards oral insulin
    • Thompson C, Cheng WP, Gadad P, Skene K, Smith M, Smith G, et al. Uptake and transport of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes by Caco-2 cells--towards oral insulin. Pharm Res 2011; 28(4):886-96.
    • (2011) Pharm Res , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 886-896
    • Thompson, C.1    Cheng, W.P.2    Gadad, P.3    Skene, K.4    Smith, M.5    Smith, G.6
  • 33
    • 0031004232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chitosan as a nasal delivery system: The effect of chitosan solutions on in vitro and in vivo mucociliary transport rates in human turbinates and volunteers
    • Aspden TJ, Mason JD, Jones NS. Chitosan as a nasal delivery system: the effect of chitosan solutions on in vitro and in vivo mucociliary transport rates in human turbinates and volunteers. J Pharm Sci 1997; 86:509-13.
    • (1997) J Pharm Sci , vol.86 , pp. 509-513
    • Aspden, T.J.1    Mason, J.D.2    Jones, N.S.3
  • 35
    • 0023856501 scopus 로고
    • New approach for oral administration of insulin with polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules as oral carrier
    • Damge C, Michael C, Aprahamian M, Couvreur P. New approach for oral administration of insulin with polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules as oral carrier. Diabetes 1988; 37:247-51.
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 247-251
    • Damge, C.1    Michael, C.2    Aprahamian, M.3    Couvreur, P.4
  • 36
    • 0344267638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium alginate microparticles for oral administration. I: Effect of sodium alginate type on drug release and drug entrapment efficiency
    • Takka S, Acarturk F. Calcium alginate microparticles for oral administration. I: effect of sodium alginate type on drug release and drug entrapment efficiency. J Microencapsul: Micro Nano Carriers 1999; 16:275-90.
    • (1999) J Microencapsul: Micro Nano Carriers , vol.16 , pp. 275-290
    • Takka, S.1    Acarturk, F.2
  • 37
    • 0033881416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta cyclodextrin-insulin encapsulated chitosan/alginate matrix: Oral delivery system
    • Rowsen ML, Dileep KJ, Sharma CP. Beta cyclodextrin-insulin encapsulated chitosan/alginate matrix: oral delivery system. J Appl Polym Sci 2000; 75:1089-96.
    • (2000) J Appl Polym Sci , vol.75 , pp. 1089-1096
    • Rowsen, M.L.1    Dileep, K.J.2    Sharma, C.P.3
  • 38
    • 0017191889 scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycaemic effect of liposome-entrapped insulin administered intragastrically into rats
    • Dapergolas G, Gregoriadis G. Hypoglycaemic effect of liposome-entrapped insulin administered intragastrically into rats. Lancet 1976; 2:824-7.
    • (1976) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 824-827
    • Dapergolas, G.1    Gregoriadis, G.2
  • 39
    • 0024594088 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and translocation of fluorescent latex particles by rabbit Peyer's patch follicle epithelium: A quantitative model for M cell uptake
    • Pappo J, Ermak TH. Uptake and translocation of fluorescent latex particles by rabbit Peyer's patch follicle epithelium: a quantitative model for M cell uptake. Clin Exp Immunol 1989; 76:144-8.
    • (1989) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.76 , pp. 144-148
    • Pappo, J.1    Ermak, T.H.2
  • 40
    • 33750008879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclodextrin-insulin complex encapsulated polymethacrylic acid based nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery
    • Epub, June 18
    • Sajeesh S and Sharma CP. Cyclodextrin-insulin complex encapsulated polymethacrylic acid based nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery. Int J Pharm 2006; 325(1-2):147-54. Epub 2006 June 18.
    • (2006) Int J Pharm , vol.325 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 147-154
    • Sajeesh, S.1    Sharma, C.P.2
  • 41
    • 79960279335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel microparticles for oral insulin delivery
    • Mundargi RC, Rangaswamy V, Aminabhavi TM. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel microparticles for oral insulin delivery. J Microencapsul 2011;28(5):384-94.
    • (2011) J Microencapsul , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 384-394
    • Mundargi, R.C.1    Rangaswamy, V.2    Aminabhavi, T.M.3
  • 42
    • 70349690331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formulation and evaluation of insulin enteric microspheres for oral drug delivery
    • Jindal SK, Singh M, Goswami M. Formulation and evaluation of insulin enteric microspheres for oral drug delivery. Acta Pharmaceutica Sciencia 2009; 51: 121-7.
    • (2009) Acta Pharmaceutica Sciencia , vol.51 , pp. 121-127
    • Jindal, S.K.1    Singh, M.2    Goswami, M.3
  • 43
    • 80051475444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine-chitosan microparticles as oral insulin delivery matrix: In vitrocharacterization
    • DOI: 10.1002/app.34315
    • Rekha MR and Sharma CP. Glutamine-chitosan microparticles as oral insulin delivery matrix: In vitrocharacterization. J Appl Polym Sci 2011; 122:2374-82. DOI: 10.1002/app.34315
    • (2011) J Appl Polym Sci , vol.122 , pp. 2374-2382
    • Rekha, M.R.1    Sharma, C.P.2
  • 44
    • 41849134910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin delivery by means of solid lipid nanoparticles
    • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S
    • Sarmento B, Martins S, Ferreira D, Souto EB. Oral insulin delivery by means of solid lipid nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2007; 2(4):743-9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S
    • (2007) Int J Nanomedicine , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 743-749
    • Sarmento, B.1    Martins, S.2    Ferreira, D.3    Souto, E.B.4
  • 45
    • 79960267753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pH-sensitive oral insulin delivery systems using Eudragit microspheres
    • Mundargi RC, Rangaswamy V, Aminabhavi TM. pH-sensitive oral insulin delivery systems using Eudragit microspheres. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 37(8): 977-85.
    • (2011) Drug Dev Ind Pharm , vol.37 , Issue.8 , pp. 977-985
    • Mundargi, R.C.1    Rangaswamy, V.2    Aminabhavi, T.M.3
  • 46
    • 77958084962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dose range finding study of novel oral insulin (IN-105) under fed conditions in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects
    • Khedkar A, Iyer H, Anand A, Verma M, Krishnamurthy S, Savale S, et al. A dose range finding study of novel oral insulin (IN-105) under fed conditions in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12(8):659-64.
    • (2010) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.12 , Issue.8 , pp. 659-664
    • Khedkar, A.1    Iyer, H.2    Anand, A.3    Verma, M.4    Krishnamurthy, S.5    Savale, S.6
  • 47
    • 84855476457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reuters US Edition, Jan 11, 2011 Bangalore, India, Accessed Oct 21, 2011
    • Biocon: oral insulin fails to meet primary target. 2011. Reuters US Edition, Jan 11, 2011 Bangalore, India http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/11/biocon-insulin-trials-idUSSGE70A02M20110111[Accessed Oct 21, 2011].
    • (2011) Biocon: Oral Insulin Fails to Meet Primary Target
  • 48
    • 84855499633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oct 23, 2010, Accessed Oct 21, 2011
    • Biocon oral insulin to see more pre-launch tests. 2010. Oct 23, 2010. http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/biocons-oral-insulin-to-see-more-pre-launch-tests/412417/.19/07/2011[Accessed Oct 21, 2011].
    • (2010) Biocon Oral Insulin to See More Pre-launch Tests
  • 51
    • 84855481809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Published by Globes (online), Israel Business News, on May 10, 2010. Retrieved from, Accessed Oct 21, 2010
    • Oral insulin company Oramed gets good Phase IIb results. 2010. Published by Globes (online), Israel Business News. http://www.globes-online.com/ on May 10, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.globes.co.il/serveen/globes/docview.asp?did=1000558541&fid=1725 [Accessed Oct 21, 2010].
    • (2010) Oral Insulin Company Oramed Gets Good Phase IIb Results
  • 52
    • 84855500641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May, Accessed Oct 21, 2011
    • ORMD 0801 Oral insulin capsule. May 2010. http://www.oramed.com/index.php?page=14 [Accessed Oct 21, 2011].
    • (2010) ORMD 0801 Oral Insulin Capsule
  • 54
    • 84855478618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes in control.com. Issue 552. Dec 17, Accessed Oct 21, 2011
    • New Product: Oral Insulin Strip. Diabetes in control.com. Issue 552. Dec 17, 2010. http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/articles/newproduct/10224-new-product-oral-insulin-strip[Accessed Oct 21, 2011].
    • (2010) New Product: Oral Insulin Strip
  • 55
    • 84855483288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral Insulin. Monosol Rx, Midatech, January 4, 2011, Available from, Accessed on July 19, 2011
    • Oral Insulin. Monosol Rx, Midatech. 2011. (Positive Results for Oral Insulin Delivery in Pre-Clinical Trials. January 4, 2011) Page 1-9. Available from: http://asweetlife.org/a-sweet-life-staff/in-the-news/insulin-pumps-in-the-news/positive-re. [Accessed on July 19, 2011].
    • (2011) Positive Results for Oral Insulin Delivery in Pre-Clinical Trials , pp. 1-9
  • 56
    • 84855506874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About.com Type 1 diabetes. Sept 17, 2011, Accessed Oct 21, 2011
    • Gilles Gary. Oral Insulin Research Update. 2011 About.com Type 1 diabetes. Sept 17, 2011. http://type1diabetes.about.com/b/2011/09/17/oral-insulin-research-update.htm [Accessed Oct 21, 2011].
    • (2011) Oral Insulin Research Update
    • Gary, G.1
  • 57
    • 84855476244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generex advances oral insulin product - July 11, 2011
    • Available at, Accessed July 19, 2011
    • Donnelly JM. 2011. Generex advances oral insulin product - July 11, 2011. Boston Medical Journal. Available at http://www.bizjournals.com/boston/news/2011/07/11/generex-avances-oral-insulin.html19/07/2011 [Accessed July 19, 2011].
    • (2011) Boston Medical Journal
    • Donnelly, J.M.1
  • 59
    • 82455219467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of efficacy and safety of nanoparticle-based insulin delivery systems
    • Sep 15 [Epub Ahead of print] PMID 21921287 [Pubmed - as supplied by Publisher]. [Accessed October 28, 2011]
    • Card JW, Magnuson BA. A review of efficacy and safety of nanoparticle-based insulin delivery systems. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; Sep 15 [Epub Ahead of print] PMID 21921287 [Pubmed - as supplied by Publisher]. [Accessed October 28, 2011].
    • (2011) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
    • Card, J.W.1    Magnuson, B.A.2
  • 60
    • 47049095564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies toward the improved oral delivery of insulin nanoparticles via gastrointestinal uptake and translocation
    • Woitiski CB, Carvalho RA, Ribeiro AJ, Neufeld RJ, Veiga F. Strategies toward the improved oral delivery of insulin nanoparticles via gastrointestinal uptake and translocation. BioDrugs. 2008; 22(4):223-37.
    • (2008) BioDrugs , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 223-237
    • Woitiski, C.B.1    Carvalho, R.A.2    Ribeiro, A.J.3    Neufeld, R.J.4    Veiga, F.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.