XPS and NEXAFS studies of VUV/O3-treated aromatic polyurea and its application to microchip electrophoresis

IET Nanobiotechnology

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 136-142

  Shinohara, H ^a   Nakahara, A ^a   Kitagawa, F ^b   Takahashi, Y ^c   Otsuka, K ^b   Shoji, S ^a   Ohara, O ^d   Mizuno, J ^a  

^a WASEDA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c TI Corporation   (Japan)

^d KAZUSA DNA RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFTER-TREATMENT; BENZENE RING; BOVINE SERUM ALBUMINS; ELECTROOSMOTIC MOBILITIES; FUNCTIONAL SURFACES; HIGH-SPEED; MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS; NEAR-EDGE X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE STUDIES; POLYUREA FILM; POLYUREAS; TREATMENT EFFECTS; VACUUM ULTRAVIOLETS;

ADHESION; ALDEHYDES; AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; BENZENE; BODY FLUIDS; ELECTROPHORESIS; KETONES; MICROPROCESSOR CHIPS;

X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

OZONE; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); POLYMER; POLYUREA;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; ELECTROOSMOSIS; INSTRUMENTATION; MATERIALS TESTING; METHODOLOGY; MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; VACUUM; X RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

ANIMALS; CATTLE; ELECTROOSMOSIS; ELECTROPHORESIS, MICROCHIP; MATERIALS TESTING; NANOTECHNOLOGY; OZONE; PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS; POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE; ULTRAVIOLET RAYS; VACUUM; X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY;

EID: 82955251174     PISSN: 17518741     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2011.0006     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (50)

1. Manz, A., Harrison, D.J., and Verpoorte, E.M.J.: et al. ' Planar chips technology for miniaturization and integration of separation techniques into monitoring systems: capillary electrophoresis on a chip ', J. Chromatogr., 1992, 593, (1-2), p. 253-258 10.1016/0021-9673(92)80293-4
2. Reyes, D.R., Iossifidis, D., Auroux, P.-A., and Manz, A.: ' Micro total analysis systems. 1. Introduction, theory, and technology ', Anal. Chem., 2002, 74, (12), p. 2623-2636 10.1021/ac0202435 0003-2700 (Pubitemid 34651165)
3. Auroux, P.-A., Iossifidis, D., Reyes, D.R., and Manz, A.: ' Micro total analysis systems. 2. Analytical standard operations and applications ', Anal. Chem., 2002, 74, (12), p. 2637-2652 10.1021/ac020239t 0003-2700 (Pubitemid 34651166)
4. Schulz, U., Munzert, P., and Kaiser, N.: ' Surface modification of PMMA by DC glow discharge and microwave plasma treatment for the improvement of coating adhesion ', Surf. Coat. Technol., 2001, 142-144, p. 507-511 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01202-6 (Pubitemid 32931754)
5. Kamińska, A., Kaczmarek, H., and Kowalonek, J.: ' The influence of side groups and polarity of polymers on the kind and effectiveness of their surface modification by air plasma action ', Eur. Polym. J., 2002, 38, (9), p. 1915-1919 10.1016/S0014-3057(02)00059-9 0014-3057 (Pubitemid 34715814)
6. Hozumi, A., Inagaki, H., and Kameyama, T.: ' The hydrophilization of polystyrene substrates by 172-nm vacuum ultraviolet light ', J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2004, 278, (2), p. 383-392 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.06.005 0021-9797 (Pubitemid 39144385)
7. Diaz-Quijada, G.A., Peytavi, R., and Nantel, A.: et al. ' Surface modification of thermoplastics-towards the plastic biochip for high throughput screening devices ', Lab Chip, 2007, 7, (7), p. 856-862 10.1039/b700322f 1473-0197 (Pubitemid 47000809)
8. Ruckenstein, E., and Gourisankar, S.V.: ' Preparation and characterization of thin film surface coatings for biological environments ', Biomaterials, 1986, 7, (6), p. 403-422 10.1016/0142-9612(86)90028-1 0142-9612
9. Larsson, R., Selén, G., Björdklund, H., and Fagerholm, P.: ' Intraocular PMMA lenses modified with surface-immobilized heparin: evaluation of biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo ', Biomaterials, 1989, 10, (8), p. 511-516 10.1016/0142-9612(89)90055-0 0142-9612 (Pubitemid 19260587)
10. Morpurgo, M., Veronese, F.M., Kachensky, D., and Harris, J.M.: ' Preparation and characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) vinyl sulfone ', Bioconjugate Chem., 1996, 7, (3), p. 363-368 10.1021/bc9600224 (Pubitemid 126639671)
11. Liu, Y., Fanguy, J.C., Bledsoe, J.M., and Henry, C.S.: ' Dynamic coating using polyelectrolyte multilayers for chemical control of electroosmotic flow in capillary electrophoresis microchips ', Anal. Chem., 2000, 72, (24), p. 5939-5944 10.1021/ac000932l 0003-2700 (Pubitemid 32002669)
12. Oehr, C.: ' Plasma surface modification of polymers for biomedical use ', Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. B, 2003, 208, p. 40-47 10.1016/S0168-583X(03) 00650-5
13. Belder, D., and Ludwig, M.: ' Surface modification in microchip electrophoresis ', Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, (21), p. 3595-3606 10.1002/elps.200305648 0173-0835 (Pubitemid 38089162)
14. Makamba, H., Kim, J.H., Lim, K., Park, N., and Hahn, J.H.: ' Surface modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchannels ', Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, (21), p. 3607-3619 10.1002/elps.200305627 0173-0835 (Pubitemid 38089163)
15. Bi, H., Zhong, W., Meng, S., Kong, J., Yang, P., and Liu, B.: ' Construction of a biomimetic surface on microfluidic chips for biofouling resistance ', Anal. Chem., 2006, 78, (10), p. 3399-3405 10.1021/ac0522963 0003-2700
16. Yan, H., Zhang, B., and Wu, H.: ' Chemical cytometry on microfluidic chips ', Electrophoresis, 2008, 29, (9), p. 1775-1786 10.1002/elps.200700561 0173-0835 (Pubitemid 351663875)
17. Kitagawa, F., Kubota, K., Sueyoshi, K., and Otsuka, K.: ' One-step preparation of amino-PEG modified poly(methyl methacrylate) microchips for electrophoretic separation of biomolecules ', J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2010, 53, (5), p. 1272-1277 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.008
18. Shinohara, H., Takahashi, Y., Mizuno, J., and Shoji, S.: ' Surface hydrophilic treatment of polyurea film realized by vacuum ultraviolet light irradiation and its application for poly(methylmethacrylate) blood analysis chip ', Sens. Actuators B, 2008, 132, (2), p. 374-379 10.1016/j.snb.2007.09.072
19. Shinohara, H., Takahashi, Y., Mizuno, J., and Shoji, S.: ' Fabrication of post-hydrophilic treatment-free plastic biochip using polyurea film ', Sens. Actuators A, 2009, 154, (2), p. 187-191 10.1016/j.sna.2008.09.001
20. Takahashi, Y., Iijima, M., and Fukada, E.: ' Pyroelectricity in poled thin films of aromatic polyurea prepared by vapor deposition polymerization ', Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1989, 28, (7), p. L2245-L2247 10.1143/JJAP.28.L2245 0021-4922
21. Wang, X.S., Iijima, M., Takahashi, Y., and Fukada, E.: ' Dependence of piezoelectric and pyroelectric activities of aromatic polyurea thin films on monomer composition ratio ', Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1993, 32, (6A), p. 2768-2773 10.1143/JJAP.32.2768 0021-4922 (Pubitemid 23700090)
22. Friedrich, J., Loeschcke, I., Frommelt, H., Reiner, H.-D., Zimmermann, H., and Lutgen, P.: ' Ageing and degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in an oxygen plasma ', Polym. Degrad. Stab., 1991, 31, (1), p. 97-114 10.1016/0141-3910(91)90099-D
23. Deslandes, Y., Pleizier, G., Alexander, D., and Santerre, P.: ' XPS and SIMS characterisation of segmented polyether polyurethanes containing two different soft segments ', Polymer, 1998, 39, (11), p. 2361-2366 10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00533-8 0032-3861 (Pubitemid 128396371)
24. Yang, X.F., Vang, C., Tallman, D.E., Bierwagen, G.P., Croll, S.G., and Rohlik, S.: ' Weathering degradation of a polyurethane coating ', Polym. Degrad. Stab., 2001, 74, (2), p. 341-351 10.1016/S0141-3910(01)00166-5 (Pubitemid 32997972)
25. Polzonetti, G., Battocchio, C., and Iucci, G.: et al. ' Thin films of a self-assembling peptide on TiO2 and Au studied by NEXAFS, XPS and IR spectroscopies ', Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2006, 26, (5-7), p. 929-934 10.1016/j.msec.2005.09.062 (Pubitemid 43776401)
26. Polzonetti, G., Battocchio, C., and Dettin, M.: et al. ' Self-assembling peptides: a combined XPS and NEXAFS investigation on the structure of two dipeptides Ala-Glu, Ala-Lys ', Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2008, 28, (2), p. 309-315 10.1016/j.msec.2007.02.004
27. Zhang, W., Carravetta, V., and Plekan, O.: et al. ' Electronic structure of aromatic amino acids studied by soft X-ray spectroscopy ', J. Chem. Phys., 2009, 131, p. 035103 10.1063/1.3168393 0021-9606
28. Graf, N., Yegen, E., and Gross, T.: et al. ' XPS and NEXAFS studies of aliphatic and aromatic amine species on functionalized surfaces ', Surf. Sci., 2009, 603, (18), p. 2849-2860 10.1016/j.susc.2009.07.029 0039-6028
29. Kostov, K.G., Santos, A.L.R.D., and Honda, R.Y.: et al. ' Treatment of PET and PU polymers by atmospheric pressure plasma generated in dielectric barrier discharge in air ', Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 204, (18-19), p. 3064-3068 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.02.008
30. Outka, D.A., Stöhr, J., Madix, R.J., Rotermund, H.H., Hermsmeier, B., and Solomon, J.: ' NEXAFS studies of complex alcohols and carboxylic acids on the Si(111)(7×7) surface ', Surf. Sci., 1987, 185, (1-2), p. 53-74 10.1016/S0039-6028(87)80613-1 0039-6028
31. Ishii, I., and Hitchcock, A.P.: ' The oscillator strengths for C1s and O1s excitation of some saturated and unsaturated organic alcohols, acids and esters ', J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1988, 46, (1), p. 55-84 10.1016/0368-2048(88)80005-7 0368-2048
32. Urquhart, S.G., Hitchcock, A.P., Smith, A.P., Ade, H., and Rightor, E.G.: ' Inner-shell excitation spectroscopy of polymer and monomer isomers of dimethyl phthalate ', J. Phys. Chem. B, 1997, 101, (13), p. 2267-2276 10.1021/jp963419d 1089-5647 (Pubitemid 127611878)
33. Okajima, T., Teramoto, K., and Mitsumoto, R.: et al. ' Polarized NEXAFS spectroscopic studies of poly(butylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene terephthalate), and their model compounds ', J. Phys. Chem. A, 1998, 102, (36), p. 7093-7099 10.1021/jp981164t 1089-5639 (Pubitemid 128592793)
34. Urquhart, S.G., Smith, A.P., Ade, H.W., Hitchcock, A.P., Rightor, E.G., and Lidy, W.: ' Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of MDI and TDI polyurethane polymers ', J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, 103, (22), p. 4603-4610 10.1021/jp990059w 1089-5647 (Pubitemid 129702624)
35. C=O transition in the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of organic molecules ', J. Phys. Chem. B, 2002, 106, (34), p. 8531-8538 10.1021/jp0255379 1089-5647 (Pubitemid 35382861)
36. Gordon, M.L., Cooper, G., and Morin, C.: et al. ' Inner-shell excitation spectroscopy of the peptide bond: comparison of the C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s spectra of glycine, glycyl-glycine, and glycyl-glycyl-glycine ', J. Phys. Chem. A, 2003, 107, (32), p. 6144-6159 10.1021/jp0344390 1089-5639
37. Cooper, G., Gordon, M., Tulumello, D., Turci, C., Kaznatcheev, K., and Hitchcock, A.P.: ' Inner shell excitation of glycine, glycyl-glycine, alanine and phenylalanine ', J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 2004, 137-140, p. 795-799 10.1016/j.elspec.2004.02.102 0368-2048
38. Hitchcock, A.P., Li, J., Reijerkerk, S.R., Foley, P., Stöver, H.D.H., and Shirley, I.: ' X-ray absorption spectroscopy of polyureas and polyurethanes and their use in characterizing chemical gradients in thin-walled polyurea capsules ', J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 2007, 156-158, p. 467-471 10.1016/j.elspec.2006.11.061 0368-2048 (Pubitemid 46602804)
39. Shinohara, H., Mizuno, J., and Shoji, S.: ' Fabrication of a microchannel device by hot embossing and direct bonding of poly(methyl methacrylate) ', Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2007, 46, (6A), p. 3661-3664 10.1143/JJAP.46.3661 0021-4922 (Pubitemid 47245507)
40. Sato, M., Iijima, M., and Takahashi, Y.: ' Photoresist characteristics of polyurea films prepared by vapor deposition polymerization ', Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1994, 33, (12A), p. L1721-L1724 10.1143/JJAP.33.L1721 0021-4922
41. Shinohara, H., Hori, T., and Umeda, S.: et al. ' Integrated hydrophilic surface treatment system of vapor deposition polymerization and vacuum ultraviolet irradiation for chemical/biochemical microchips ', Microelectron. Eng., 2011, 88, (8), p. 2751-2754 10.1016/j.mee.2011.01.060 0167-9317
42. 2O. Multidimensional spectroscopic studies ', Langmuir, 2000, 16, (12), p. 5382-5390 10.1021/la990619i 0743-7463
43. Amor, S.B., Jacquet, M., Fioux, P., and Nardin, M.: ' XPS characterisation of plasma treated and zinc oxide coated PET ', Appl. Surf. Sci., 2009, 255, (9), p. 5052-5061 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.12.067
44. Onyiriuka, E.C.: ' The effects of high-energy radiation on the surface chemistry of polystylene: a mechanistic study ', J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1993, 47, (12), p. 2187-2194 10.1002/app.1993.070471213 0021-8995 (Pubitemid 23632219)
45. Takahashi, Y., Ukishima, S., Iijima, M., and Fukada, E.: ' Piezoelectric properties of thin films of aromatic polyurea prepared by vapor deposition polymerization ', J. Appl. Phys., 1991, 70, (11), p. 6983-6987 10.1063/1.349827 0021-8979
46. Hikmet, R.A.M., Zwerver, B.H., and Broer, D.J.: ' Anisotropic polymerization shrinkage behaviour of liquid-crystalline diacrylates ', Polymer, 1992, 33, (1), p. 89-95 10.1016/0032-3861(92)90564-D 0032-3861
47. Maggioni, G., Carturan, S., Boscarino, D., Mea, G.D., and Pieri, U.: ' Polyimide and platinum containing polyimide thin films obtained by vapour deposition polymerization; effects of thermal treatments ', Mater. Lett., 1997, 32, (2-3), p. 147-150 10.1016/S0167-577X(97)00021-9 0167-577X (Pubitemid 127392493)
48. 2 plasma pretreated cyclo-olefin polymer ', Sens. Actuators A, 2011, 165, (1), p. 124-131 10.1016/j.sna.2010.04.006
49. 2 plasma-pre-treated poly-methylmethacrylate ', J. Micromech. Microeng., 2011, 21, (8), p. 085028 10.1088/0960-1317/21/8/085028 0960-1317
50. Shinohara, H., Suzuki, T., Kitagawa, F., Mizuno, J., Otsuka, K., and Shoji, S.: ' Polymer microchip integrated with nano-electrospray tip for electrophoresis-mass spectrometry ', Sens. Actuators B, 2008, 132, (2), p. 368-373 10.1016/j.snb.2007.09.071