Memory: Enduring traces of perceptual and reflective attention

Neuron

Volumn 72, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 520-535

  Chun, Marvin M ^a,b   Johnson, Marcia K ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION; BRAIN FUNCTION; COGNITION; EPISODIC MEMORY; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; HUMAN; LONG TERM MEMORY; MEMORY; MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; PARIETAL CORTEX; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PERCEPTUAL ATTENTION; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFLECTIVE ATTENTION; REVIEW; WORKING MEMORY;

ANIMALS; ATTENTION; HUMANS; MEMORY; MEMORY, EPISODIC; PERCEPTION; PHOTIC STIMULATION; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 81355153898     PISSN: 08966273     EISSN: 10974199     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.026     Document Type: Review

References (192)

1. Addis D.R., Moscovitch M., Crawley A.P., McAndrews M.P. Recollective qualities modulate hippocampal activation during autobiographical memory retrieval. Hippocampus 2004, 14:752-762.
2. Anderson M.C. Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting. J. Mem. Lang. 2003, 49:415-445.
3. Anderson M.C., Ochsner K.N., Kuhl B., Cooper J., Robertson E., Gabrieli S.W., Glover G.H., Gabrieli J.D.E. Neural systems underlying the suppression of unwanted memories. Science 2004, 303:232-235.
4. Asplund C.L., Todd J.J., Snyder A.P., Marois R. A central role for the lateral prefrontal cortex in goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention. Nat. Neurosci. 2010, 13:507-512.
5. Awh E., Vogel E.K., Oh S.H. Interactions between attention and working memory. Neuroscience 2006, 139:201-208.
6. Baddeley A. Working memory. Science 1992, 255:556-559.
7. Badre D., Poldrack R.A., Paré-Blagoev E.J., Insler R.Z., Wagner A.D. Dissociable controlled retrieval and generalized selection mechanisms in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Neuron 2005, 47:907-918.
8. Bar M. Visual objects in context. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2004, 5:617-629.
9. Barsalou L.W. Grounded cognition. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2008, 59:617-645.
10. Baxter M.G. Involvement of medial temporal lobe structures in memory and perception. Neuron 2009, 61:667-677.
11. Berryhill M.E., Phuong L., Picasso L., Cabeza R., Olson I.R. Parietal lobe and episodic memory: bilateral damage causes impaired free recall of autobiographical memory. J. Neurosci. 2007, 27:14415-14423.
12. Blumenfeld R.S., Ranganath C. Prefrontal cortex and long-term memory encoding: an integrative review of findings from neuropsychology and neuroimaging. Neuroscientist 2007, 13:280-291.
13. Brady T.F., Konkle T., Alvarez G.A., Oliva A. Visual long-term memory has a massive storage capacity for object details. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2008, 105:14325-14329.
14. Braver T.S., Bongiolatti S.R. The role of frontopolar cortex in subgoal processing during working memory. Neuroimage 2002, 15:523-536.
15. Brewer J.B., Zhao Z., Desmond J.E., Glover G.H., Gabrieli J.D.E. Making memories: brain activity that predicts how well visual experience will be remembered. Science 1998, 281:1185-1187.
16. Buckner R.L., Goodman J., Burock M., Rotte M., Koutstaal W., Schacter D., Rosen B., Dale A.M. Functional-anatomic correlates of object priming in humans revealed by rapid presentation event-related fMRI. Neuron 1998, 20:285-296.
17. Buckner R.L., Andrews-Hanna J.R., Schacter D.L. The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2008, 1124:1-38.
18. Burgess P.W., Dumontheil I., Gilbert S.J. The gateway hypothesis of rostral prefrontal cortex (area 10) function. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2007, 11:290-298.
19. Buschman T.J., Miller E.K. Top-down versus bottom-up control of attention in the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Science 2007, 315:1860-1862.
20. Cabeza R., Ciaramelli E., Olson I.R., Moscovitch M. The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an attentional account. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2008, 9:613-625.
21. Carter C.S., Braver T.S., Barch D.M., Botvinick M.M., Noll D., Cohen J.D. Anterior cingulate cortex, error detection, and the online monitoring of performance. Science 1998, 280:747-749.
22. Chadick J.Z., Gazzaley A. Differential coupling of visual cortex with default or frontal-parietal network based on goals. Nat. Neurosci. 2011, 14:830-832.
23. Chadwick M.J., Hassabis D., Weiskopf N., Maguire E.A. Decoding individual episodic memory traces in the human hippocampus. Curr. Biol. 2010, 20:544-547.
24. Chee M.W.L., Tan J.C. Inter-relationships between attention, activation, fMR adaptation and long-term memory. Neuroimage 2007, 37:1487-1495.
25. Chein J.M., Fiez J.A. Evaluating models of working memory through the effects of concurrent irrelevant information. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 2010, 139:117-137.
26. Chun M.M., Phelps E.A. Memory deficits for implicit contextual information in amnesic subjects with hippocampal damage. Nat. Neurosci. 1999, 2:844-847.
27. Chun M.M., Potter M.C. A two-stage model for multiple target detection in rapid serial visual presentation. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 1995, 21:109-127.
28. Chun M.M., Golomb J.D., Turk-Browne N.B. A taxonomy of external and internal attention. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2011, 62:73-101.
29. Ciaramelli E., Grady C.L., Moscovitch M. Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory: a hypothesis (AtoM) on the role of the posterior parietal cortex in memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia 2008, 46:1828-1851.
30. Cohen J.D., Perlstein W.M., Braver T.S., Nystrom L.E., Noll D.C., Jonides J., Smith E.E. Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task. Nature 1997, 386:604-608.
31. Corbetta M., Shulman G.L. Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2002, 3:201-215.
32. Corbetta M., Shulman G.L., Miezin F.M., Petersen S.E. Superior parietal cortex activation during spatial attention shifts and visual feature conjunction. Science 1995, 270:802-805.
33. Corbetta M., Kincade J.M., Ollinger J.M., McAvoy M.P., Shulman G.L. Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 2000, 3:292-297.
34. Corbetta M., Patel G., Shulman G.L. The reorienting system of the human brain: from environment to theory of mind. Neuron 2008, 58:306-324.
35. Cowan N. The magical number 4 in short-term memory: a reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behav. Brain Sci. 2001, 24:87-114. discussion 114-185.
36. Craik F.I.M., Lockhart R.S. Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. J. Verbal Learn. Verbal Behav. 1972, 11:671-684.
37. Curtis C.E., D'Esposito M. Persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex during working memory. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2003, 7:415-423.
38. D'Esposito M., Postle B.R., Jonides J., Smith E.E. The neural substrate and temporal dynamics of interference effects in working memory as revealed by event-related functional MRI. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999, 96:7514-7519.
39. Danker J.F., Anderson J.R. The ghosts of brain states past: remembering reactivates the brain regions engaged during encoding. Psychol. Bull. 2010, 136:87-102.
40. Davachi L. Item, context and relational episodic encoding in humans. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2006, 16:693-700.
41. Davachi L., Maril A., Wagner A.D. When keeping in mind supports later bringing to mind: neural markers of phonological rehearsal predict subsequent remembering. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2001, 13:1059-1070.
42. Davachi L., Mitchell J.P., Wagner A.D. Multiple routes to memory: distinct medial temporal processes build item and source memories. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003, 100:2157-2162.
43. Degonda N., Mondadori C.R.A., Bosshardt S., Schmidt C.F., Boesiger P., Nitsch R.M., Hock C., Henke K. Implicit associative learning engages the hippocampus and interacts with explicit associative learning. Neuron 2005, 46:505-520.
44. Dehaene S., Changeux J.P., Naccache L., Sackur J., Sergent C. Conscious, preconscious, and subliminal processing: a testable taxonomy. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2006, 10:204-211.
45. Desimone R., Duncan J. Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1995, 18:193-222.
46. Diana R.A., Yonelinas A.P., Ranganath C. Imaging recollection and familiarity in the medial temporal lobe: a three-component model. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2007, 11:379-386.
47. Dobbins I.G., Han S. Cue- versus probe-dependent prefrontal cortex activity during contextual remembering. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2006, 18:1439-1452.
48. Dolan R.J., Fink G.R., Rolls E., Booth M., Holmes A., Frackowiak R.S., Friston K.J. How the brain learns to see objects and faces in an impoverished context. Nature 1997, 389:596-599.
49. Duncan J., Owen A.M. Common regions of the human frontal lobe recruited by diverse cognitive demands. Trends Neurosci. 2000, 23:475-483.
50. Eger E., Henson R.N., Driver J., Dolan R.J. BOLD repetition decreases in object-responsive ventral visual areas depend on spatial attention. J. Neurophysiol. 2004, 92:1241-1247.
51. Eichenbaum H., Yonelinas A.P., Ranganath C. The medial temporal lobe and recognition memory. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2007, 30:123-152.
52. Epstein R.A., Higgins J.S. Differential parahippocampal and retrosplenial involvement in three types of visual scene recognition. Cereb. Cortex 2007, 17:1680-1693.
53. Epstein R., Kanwisher N. The parahippocampal place area: A cortical representation of the local visual environment. Nature 1998, 392:598-601.
54. Epstein R., Stanley D., Harris A., Kanwisher N. The Parahippocampal Place Area: Perception, Encoding, or Memory Retrieval?. Neuron 1999, 23:115-125.
55. Fernandes M.A., Moscovitch M. Divided attention and memory: evidence of substantial interference effects at retrieval and encoding. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 2000, 129:155-176.
56. Fletcher P.C., Shallice T., Dolan R.J. " Sculpting the response space" -an account of left prefrontal activation at encoding. Neuroimage 2000, 12:404-417.
57. Fox M.D., Raichle M.E. Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2007, 8:700-711.
58. Fox M.D., Corbetta M., Snyder A.Z., Vincent J.L., Raichle M.E. Spontaneous neuronal activity distinguishes human dorsal and ventral attention systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006, 103:10046-10051.
59. Friedman-Hill S.R., Robertson L.C., Treisman A. Parietal contributions to visual feature binding: evidence from a patient with bilateral lesions. Science 1995, 269:853-855.
60. Gazzaley A., Cooney J.W., Rissman J., D'Esposito M. Top-down suppression deficit underlies working memory impairment in normal aging. Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8:1298-1300.
61. Gonsalves B., Reber P.J., Gitelman D.R., Parrish T.B., Mesulam M.M., Paller K.A. Neural evidence that vivid imagining can lead to false remembering. Psychol. Sci. 2004, 15:655-660.
62. Gonsalves B.D., Kahn I., Curran T., Norman K.A., Wagner A.D. Memory strength and repetition suppression: multimodal imaging of medial temporal cortical contributions to recognition. Neuron 2005, 47:751-761.
63. Grill-Spector K., Kushnir T., Edelman S., Avidan G., Itzchak Y., Malach R. Differential processing of objects under various viewing conditions in the human lateral occipital complex. Neuron 1999, 24:187-203.
64. Gusnard D.A., Akbudak E., Shulman G.L., Raichle M.E. Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: relation to a default mode of brain function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2001, 98:4259-4264.
65. Han S.H., Kim M.S. Visual search does not remain efficient when executive working memory is working. Psychol. Sci. 2004, 15:623-628.
66. Hannula D.E., Ranganath C. The eyes have it: hippocampal activity predicts expression of memory in eye movements. Neuron 2009, 63:592-599.
67. Hannula D.E., Tranel D., Cohen N.J. The long and the short of it: relational memory impairments in amnesia, even at short lags. J. Neurosci. 2006, 26:8352-8359.
68. Harrison S.A., Tong F. Decoding reveals the contents of visual working memory in early visual areas. Nature 2009, 458:632-635.
69. Heekeren H.R., Marrett S., Bandettini P.A., Ungerleider L.G. A general mechanism for perceptual decision-making in the human brain. Nature 2004, 431:859-862.
70. Henkel L.A. Erroneous memories arising from repeated attempts to remember. J. Mem. Lang. 2004, 50:26-46.
71. Henseler I., Krüger S., Dechent P., Gruber O. A gateway system in rostral PFC? Evidence from biasing attention to perceptual information and internal representations. Neuroimage 2011, 56:1666-1676.
72. Henson R.N., Rugg M.D. Neural response suppression, haemodynamic repetition effects, and behavioural priming. Neuropsychologia 2003, 41:263-270.
73. Hollingworth A., Henderson J.M. Accurate visual memory for previously attended objects in natural scenes. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 2002, 28:113-136.
74. Hopfinger J.B., Buonocore M.H., Mangun G.R. The neural mechanisms of top-down attentional control. Nat. Neurosci. 2000, 3:284-291.
75. Hutchinson J.B., Uncapher M.R., Wagner A.D. Posterior parietal cortex and episodic retrieval: convergent and divergent effects of attention and memory. Learn. Mem. 2009, 16:343-356.
76. Jacoby L.L., Dallas M. On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 1981, 110:306-340.
77. Jiang Y., Chun M.M. Selective attention modulates implicit learning. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 2001, 54:1105-1124.
78. Jiang X., Rosen E., Zeffiro T., Vanmeter J., Blanz V., Riesenhuber M. Evaluation of a shape-based model of human face discrimination using FMRI and behavioral techniques. Neuron 2006, 50:159-172.
79. Johnson M.K. Memory and reality. Am. Psychol. 2006, 61:760-771.
80. Johnson M.K. Memory systems: A cognitive construct for analysis and synthesis. Science of Memory: Concepts 2007, 353-357. Oxford University Press, New York. H.L. Roediger, Y. Dudai, S.M. Fitzpatrick (Eds.).
81. Johnson, M.R. (2011). Component processes, top-down modulation, and interactions between perceptual and reflective processing (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Yale University).
82. Johnson M.K., Chalfonte B.L. Binding complex memories: The role of reactivation and the hippocampus. Memory Systems 1994 1994, 311-350. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. D.L. Schacter, E. Tulving (Eds.).
83. Johnson M.K., Hirst W. MEM: Memory subsystems as processes. Theories of Memory 1993, Erlbaum, East Sussex, England. A.A. Collins, S.S. Gathercole, M.M. Conway, P.E. Morris (Eds.).
84. Johnson M.R., Johnson M.K. Top-down enhancement and suppression of activity in category-selective extrastriate cortex from an act of reflective attention. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2009, 21:2320-2327.
85. Johnson M.K., Reeder J.A., Raye C.L., Mitchell K.J. Second thoughts versus second looks: an age-related deficit in reflectively refreshing just-activated information. Psychol. Sci. 2002, 13:64-67.
86. Johnson M.K., Raye C.L., Mitchell K.J., Greene E.J., Cunningham W.A., Sanislow C.A. Using fMRI to investigate a component process of reflection: prefrontal correlates of refreshing a just-activated representation. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 2005, 5:339-361.
87. Johnson M.K., Raye C.L., Mitchell K.J., Touryan S.R., Greene E.J., Nolen-Hoeksema S. Dissociating medial frontal and posterior cingulate activity during self-reflection. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 2006, 1:56-64.
88. Johnson M.R., Mitchell K.J., Raye C.L., D'Esposito M., Johnson M.K. A brief thought can modulate activity in extrastriate visual areas: Top-down effects of refreshing just-seen visual stimuli. Neuroimage 2007, 37:290-299.
89. Johnson J.D., McDuff S.G.R., Rugg M.D., Norman K.A. Recollection, familiarity, and cortical reinstatement: a multivoxel pattern analysis. Neuron 2009, 63:697-708.
90. Jonides J., Nee D.E. Brain mechanisms of proactive interference in working memory. Neuroscience 2006, 139:181-193.
91. Jonides J., Schumacher E.H., Smith E.E., Koeppe R.A., Awh E., Reuter-Lorenz P.A., Marshuetz C., Willis C.R. The role of parietal cortex in verbal working memory. J. Neurosci. 1998, 18:5026-5034.
92. Kamitani Y., Tong F. Decoding the visual and subjective contents of the human brain. Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8:679-685.
93. Kanwisher N., McDermott J., Chun M.M. The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. J. Neurosci. 1997, 17:4302-4311.
94. Kastner S., Pinsk M.A., De Weerd P., Desimone R., Ungerleider L.G. Increased activity in human visual cortex during directed attention in the absence of visual stimulation. Neuron 1999, 22:751-761.
95. Kensinger E.A., Clarke R.J., Corkin S. What neural correlates underlie successful encoding and retrieval? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study using a divided attention paradigm. J. Neurosci. 2003, 23:2407-2415.
96. Kim H. Neural activity that predicts subsequent memory and forgetting: a meta-analysis of 74 fMRI studies. Neuroimage 2011, 54:2446-2461.
97. Kim K.M., Johnson M.K. Extended self: medial prefrontal activity during transient association of self and objects. Social Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 2010, in press. Published online December 8, 2010.
98. Kim H., Daselaar S.M., Cabeza R. Overlapping brain activity between episodic memory encoding and retrieval: roles of the task-positive and task-negative networks. Neuroimage 2010, 49:1045-1054.
99. Kuhl B.A., Dudukovic N.M., Kahn I., Wagner A.D. Decreased demands on cognitive control reveal the neural processing benefits of forgetting. Nat. Neurosci. 2007, 10:908-914.
100. Kuhl B.A., Rissman J., Chun M.M., Wagner A.D. Fidelity of neural reactivation reveals competition between memories. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2011, 108:5903-5908.
101. Lavie N. Distracted and confused?: selective attention under load. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2005, 9:75-82.
102. Lavie N., De Fockert J. The role of working memory in attentional capture. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 2005, 12:669-674.
103. Lavie N., Fox E. The role of perceptual load in negative priming. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 2000, 26:1038-1052.
104. Lepsien J., Nobre A.C. Cognitive control of attention in the human brain: insights from orienting attention to mental representations. Brain Res. 2006, 1105:20-31.
105. Loftus E. Our changeable memories: legal and practical implications. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2003, 4:231-234.
106. Macrae C.N., Moran J.M., Heatherton T.F., Banfield J.F., Kelley W.M. Medial prefrontal activity predicts memory for self. Cereb. Cortex 2004, 14:647-654.
107. Marois R., Ivanoff J. Capacity limits of information processing in the brain. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2005, 9:296-305.
108. Mather M. Emotional arousal and memory binding: An object-based framework. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2007, 2:33-52.
109. Mayes A., Montaldi D., Migo E. Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2007, 11:126-135.
110. McDuff S.G.R., Frankel H.C., Norman K.A. Multivoxel pattern analysis reveals increased memory targeting and reduced use of retrieved details during single-agenda source monitoring. J. Neurosci. 2009, 29:508-516.
111. Miller E.K., Cohen J.D. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2001, 24:167-202.
112. Miller B.T., Verstynen T., Johnson M.K., D'Esposito M. Prefrontal and parietal contributions to refreshing: an rTMS study. Neuroimage 2008, 39:436-440.
113. Mitchell K.J., Johnson M.K. Source monitoring 15 years later: what have we learned from fMRI about the neural mechanisms of source memory?. Psychol. Bull. 2009, 135:638-677.
114. Mitchell K.J., Johnson M.R., Higgins J.A., Johnson M.K. Age differences in brain activity during perceptual versus reflective attention. Neuroreport 2010, 21:293-297.
115. Morishima Y., Akaishi R., Yamada Y., Okuda J., Toma K., Sakai K. Task-specific signal transmission from prefrontal cortex in visual selective attention. Nat. Neurosci. 2009, 12:85-91.
116. Murray E.A., Bussey T.J., Saksida L.M. Visual perception and memory: a new view of medial temporal lobe function in primates and rodents. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2007, 30:99-122.
117. Naselaris T., Prenger R.J., Kay K.N., Oliver M., Gallant J.L. Bayesian reconstruction of natural images from human brain activity. Neuron 2009, 63:902-915.
118. Nee D.E., Jonides J. Common and distinct neural correlates of perceptual and memorial selection. Neuroimage 2009, 45:963-975.
119. Nishimoto S., Vu A.T., Naselaris T., Benjamini Y., Yu B., Gallant J.L. Reconstructing visual experiences from brain activity evoked by natural movies. Curr. Biol. 2011, 21:1641-1646.
120. Nobre A.C., Coull J.T., Maquet P., Frith C.D., Vandenberghe R., Mesulam M.M. Orienting attention to locations in perceptual versus mental representations. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2004, 16:363-373.
121. Ochsner K.N., Beer J.S., Robertson E.R., Cooper J.C., Gabrieli J.D.E., Kihsltrom J.F., D'Esposito M. The neural correlates of direct and reflected self-knowledge. Neuroimage 2005, 28:797-814.
122. Olivers C.N.L., Peters J., Houtkamp R., Roelfsema P.R. Different states in visual working memory: when it guides attention and when it does not. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2011, 15:327-334.
123. Olson I.R., Moore K.S., Stark M., Chatterjee A. Visual working memory is impaired when the medial temporal lobe is damaged. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2006, 18:1087-1097.
124. Otten L.J., Rugg M.D. When more means less: neural activity related to unsuccessful memory encoding. Curr. Biol. 2001, 11:1528-1530.
125. Park S., Chun M.M. Different roles of the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) in panoramic scene perception. Neuroimage 2009, 47:1747-1756.
126. Park S., Intraub H., Yi D.J., Widders D., Chun M.M. Beyond the edges of a view: boundary extension in human scene-selective visual cortex. Neuron 2007, 54:335-342.
127. Park H., Uncapher M.R., Rugg M.D. Effects of study task on the neural correlates of source encoding. Learn. Mem. 2008, 15:417-425.
128. Park S., Chun M.M., Johnson M.K. Refreshing and integrating visual scenes in scene-selective cortex. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2010, 22:2813-2822.
129. Pashler H.E. The psychology of attention 1998, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
130. Phelps E.A. Emotion and cognition: insights from studies of the human amygdala. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2006, 57:27-53.
131. Polyn S.M., Natu V.S., Cohen J.D., Norman K.A. Category-specific cortical activity precedes retrieval during memory search. Science 2005, 310:1963-1966.
132. Posner M.I., Snyder C.R., Davidson B.J. Attention and the detection of signals. J. Exp. Psychol. 1980, 109:160-174.
133. Posner M.I., Rothbart M.K. Research on attention networks as a model for the integration of psychological science. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007, 58:1-23.
134. Potter M.C. Short-term conceptual memory for pictures. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Learn. 1976, 2:509-522.
135. Puce A., Allison T., Gore J.C., McCarthy G. Face-sensitive regions in human extrastriate cortex studied by functional MRI. J. Neurophysiol. 1995, 74:1192-1199.
136. Raichle M.E., MacLeod A.M., Snyder A.Z., Powers W.J., Gusnard D.A., Shulman G.L. A default mode of brain function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2001, 98:676-682.
137. Ranganath C. A unified framework for the functional organization of the medial temporal lobes and the phenomenology of episodic memory. Hippocampus 2010, 20:1263-1290.
138. Ranganath C., Cohen M.X., Brozinsky C.J. Working memory maintenance contributes to long-term memory formation: neural and behavioral evidence. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2005, 17:994-1010.
139. Raye C.L., Johnson M.K., Mitchell K.J., Reeder J.A., Greene E.J. Neuroimaging a single thought: dorsolateral PFC activity associated with refreshing just-activated information. Neuroimage 2002, 15:447-453.
140. Raye C.L., Johnson M.K., Mitchell K.J., Greene E.J., Johnson M.R. Refreshing: a minimal executive function. Cortex 2007, 43:135-145.
141. Rissman J., Greely H.T., Wagner A.D. Detecting individual memories through the neural decoding of memory states and past experience. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2010, 107:9849-9854.
142. Rock I., Gutman D. The effect of inattention on form perception. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 1981, 7:275-285.
143. Roediger H.L., Karpicke J.D. Test-enhanced learning: taking memory tests improves long-term retention. Psychol. Sci. 2006, 17:249-255.
144. Roth J.K., Johnson M.K., Raye C.L., Constable R.T. Similar and dissociable mechanisms for attention to internal versus external information. Neuroimage 2009, 48:601-608.
145. Schacter D.L., Buckner R.L. Priming and the brain. Neuron 1998, 20:185-195.
146. Sestieri C., Shulman G.L., Corbetta M. Attention to memory and the environment: functional specialization and dynamic competition in human posterior parietal cortex. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:8445-8456.
147. Shimamura A.P. Hierarchical relational binding in the medial temporal lobe: the strong get stronger. Hippocampus 2010, 20:1206-1216.
148. Shimamura A.P. Episodic retrieval and the cortical binding of relational activity. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 2011, 11:277-291.
149. Shimamura A.P., Jurica P.J., Mangels J.A., Gershberg F.B., Knight R.T. Susceptibility to memory interference effects following frontal lobe damage: Findings from tests of paired-associate learning. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 1995, 7:144-152.
150. Simons D.J., Chabris C.F. Gorillas in our midst: sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events. Perception 1999, 28:1059-1074.
151. Simons J.S., Davis S.W., Gilbert S.J., Frith C.D., Burgess P.W. Discriminating imagined from perceived information engages brain areas implicated in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2006, 32:696-703.
152. Simons J.S., Peers P.V., Hwang D.Y., Ally B.A., Fletcher P.C., Budson A.E. Is the parietal lobe necessary for recollection in humans?. Neuropsychologia 2008, 46:1185-1191.
153. Smith E.E., Jonides J. Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science 1999, 283:1657-1661.
154. Smith M.L., Leonard G., Crane J., Milner B. The effects of frontal- or temporal-lobe lesions on susceptibility to interference in spatial memory. Neuropsychologia 1995, 33:275-285.
155. Smith S.M., Fox P.T., Miller K.L., Glahn D.C., Fox P.M., Mackay C.E., Filippini N., Watkins K.E., Toro R., Laird A.R., Beckmann C.F. Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106:13040-13045.
156. Sohn M.H., Goode A., Stenger V.A., Carter C.S., Anderson J.R. Competition and representation during memory retrieval: roles of the prefrontal cortex and the posterior parietal cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003, 100:7412-7417.
157. Squire L.R., Wixted J.T. The cognitive neuroscience of human memory since H.M. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2011, 34:259-288.
158. Squire L.R., Stark C.E., Clark R.E. The medial temporal lobe. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2004, 27:279-306.
159. Staresina B.P., Davachi L. Differential encoding mechanisms for subsequent associative recognition and free recall. J. Neurosci. 2006, 26:9162-9172.
160. Staresina B.P., Davachi L. Mind the gap: binding experiences across space and time in the human hippocampus. Neuron 2009, 63:267-276.
161. Strayer D.L., Drews F.A., Johnston W.A. Cell phone-induced failures of visual attention during simulated driving. J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 2003, 9:23-32.
162. Summerfield J.J., Lepsien J., Gitelman D.R., Mesulam M.M., Nobre A.C. Orienting attention based on long-term memory experience. Neuron 2006, 49:905-916.
163. Suzuki W.A. Perception and the medial temporal lobe: evaluating the current evidence. Neuron 2009, 61:657-666.
164. Tambini A., Ketz N., Davachi L. Enhanced brain correlations during rest are related to memory for recent experiences. Neuron 2010, 65:280-290.
165. Thompson-Schill S.L., D'Esposito M., Aguirre G.K., Farah M.J. Role of left inferior prefrontal cortex in retrieval of semantic knowledge: a reevaluation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1997, 94:14792-14797.
166. Treisman A., Schmidt H. Illusory conjunctions in the perception of objects. Cognit. Psychol. 1982, 14:107-141.
167. Tse D., Langston R.F., Kakeyama M., Bethus I., Spooner P.A., Wood E.R., Witter M.P., Morris R.G.M. Schemas and memory consolidation. Science 2007, 316:76-82.
168. Tulving E. Subjective organization in free recall of " unrelated" words. Psychol. Rev. 1962, 69:344-354.
169. Tulving E., Schacter D.L. Priming and human memory systems. Science 1990, 247:301-306.
170. Turk-Browne N.B., Yi D.J., Chun M.M. Linking implicit and explicit memory: common encoding factors and shared representations. Neuron 2006, 49:917-927.
171. Turk-Browne N.B., Scholl B.J., Johnson M.K., Chun M.M. Implicit perceptual anticipation triggered by statistical learning. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:11177-11187.
172. Uncapher M.R., Rugg M.D. Effects of divided attention on fMRI correlates of memory encoding. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2005, 17:1923-1935.
173. Uncapher M.R., Rugg M.D. Fractionation of the component processes underlying successful episodic encoding: a combined fMRI and divided-attention study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2008, 20:240-254.
174. Uncapher M.R., Wagner A.D. Posterior parietal cortex and episodic encoding: insights from fMRI subsequent memory effects and dual-attention theory. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 2009, 91:139-154.
175. Uncapher M.R., Otten L.J., Rugg M.D. Episodic encoding is more than the sum of its parts: an fMRI investigation of multifeatural contextual encoding. Neuron 2006, 52:547-556.
176. Uncapher M.R., Hutchinson J.B., Wagner A.D. Dissociable effects of top-down and bottom-up attention during episodic encoding. J. Neurosci. 2011, 31:12613-12628.
177. Vilberg K.L., Rugg M.D. Memory retrieval and the parietal cortex: a review of evidence from a dual-process perspective. Neuropsychologia 2008, 46:1787-1799.
178. Wagner A.D., Schacter D.L., Rotte M., Koutstaal W., Maril A., Dale A.M., Rosen B.R., Buckner R.L. Building memories: remembering and forgetting of verbal experiences as predicted by brain activity. Science 1998, 281:1188-1191.
179. Wagner A.D., Shannon B.J., Kahn I., Buckner R.L. Parietal lobe contributions to episodic memory retrieval. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 2005, 9:445-453.
180. Wais P.E., Rubens M.T., Boccanfuso J., Gazzaley A. Neural mechanisms underlying the impact of visual distraction on retrieval of long-term memory. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:8541-8550.
181. Wais P.E., Kim O.Y., Gazzaley A. Distractibility during episodic retrieval is exacerbated by perturbation of left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 2011, in press. Published online June 16, 2011.
182. Watanabe T., Náñez J.E., Sasaki Y. Perceptual learning without perception. Nature 2001, 413:844-848.
183. Weis S., Specht K., Klaver P., Tendolkar I., Willmes K., Ruhlmann J., Elger C.E., Fernández G. Process dissociation between contextual retrieval and item recognition. Neuroreport 2004, 15:2729-2733.
184. Weissman D.H., Roberts K.C., Visscher K.M., Woldorff M.G. The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention. Nat. Neurosci. 2006, 9:971-978.
185. Wheeler M.E., Petersen S.E., Buckner R.L. Memory's echo: vivid remembering reactivates sensory-specific cortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000, 97:11125-11129.
186. Wiggs C.L., Martin A. Properties and mechanisms of perceptual priming. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 1998, 8:227-233.
187. Wixted J.T. The psychology and neuroscience of forgetting. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2004, 55:235-269.
188. Yi D.J., Chun M.M. Attentional modulation of learning-related repetition attenuation effects in human parahippocampal cortex. J. Neurosci. 2005, 25:3593-3600.
189. Yi D.J., Woodman G.F., Widders D., Marois R., Chun M.M. Neural fate of ignored stimuli: dissociable effects of perceptual and working memory load. Nat. Neurosci. 2004, 7:992-996.
190. Yi D.J., Turk-Browne N.B., Chun M.M., Johnson M.K. When a thought equals a look: refreshing enhances perceptual memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 2008, 20:1371-1380.
191. Yotsumoto Y., Watanabe T., Sasaki Y. Different dynamics of performance and brain activation in the time course of perceptual learning. Neuron 2008, 57:827-833.
192. Zanto T.P., Rubens M.T., Thangavel A., Gazzaley A. Causal role of the prefrontal cortex in top-down modulation of visual processing and working memory. Nat. Neurosci. 2011, 14:656-661.