Mortality trends in the US perinatal AIDS collaborative transmission study (1986-2004)

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Volumn 53, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1024-1034

  Kapogiannis, Bill G ^a,b   Soe, Minn M ^c,l   Nesheim, Steven R ^b,c   Abrams, Elaine J ^d,e   Carter, Rosalind J ^e,f   Farley, John ^g,h   Palumbo, Paul ^i,j   Koenig, Linda J ^c   Bulterys, Marc ^c,k  

^a Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

^d Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^e Medical and Health Research Association ^*  (United States)

^f Medical and Health Research Association   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

ⁱ DARTMOUTH COLLEGE   (United States)

^j UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY   (United States)

^k CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (China)

^l CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; ZIDOVUDINE;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFANT; INFECTION RISK; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONOTHERAPY; MORTALITY; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION; PERINATAL INFECTION; PERINATAL PERIOD; PNEUMOCYSTIS; PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROBABILITY; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; SEX RATIO; SURVIVAL RATE; SURVIVAL TIME; TREND STUDY; UNITED STATES; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

AGE FACTORS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COHORT STUDIES; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INFANT; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; MALE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 80054756102     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: 15376591     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir641     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Detels R, Tarwater P, Phair JP, Margolick J, Riddler SA, Munoz A. Effectiveness of potent antiretroviral therapies on the incidence of opportunistic infections before and after AIDS diagnosis. AIDS 2001; 15:347-55. (Pubitemid 32163821)
2. Mocroft A, Katlama C, Johnson AM, et al. AIDS across Europe, 1994- 98: The EuroSIDA study. Lancet 2000; 356:291-6. (Pubitemid 30459587)
3. Moore RD, Chaisson RE. Natural history of HIV infection in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:1933-42. (Pubitemid 29509554)
4. Palella FJ Jr., Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:853-60. (Pubitemid 28135961)
5. Vittinghoff E, Scheer S, O'Malley P, Colfax G, Holmberg SD, Buchbinder SP. Combination antiretroviral therapy and recent declines in AIDS incidence and mortality. J Infect Dis 1999; 179:717-20. (Pubitemid 30016162)
6. Abrams EJ, Weedon J, Bertolli J, et al. Aging cohort of perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in New York City. New York City Pediatric Surveillance of Disease Consortium. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001; 20:511-7. (Pubitemid 32428910)
7. Chiappini E, Galli L, Tovo PA, et al. Changing patterns of clinical events in perinatally HIV-1-infected children during the era of HAART. AIDS 2007; 21:1607-15. (Pubitemid 47075482)
8. Doerholt K, Duong T, Tookey P, et al. Outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected infants in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25:420-6.
9. Judd A, Doerholt K, Tookey PA, et al. Morbidity, mortality, and response to treatment by children in the United Kingdom and Ireland with perinatally acquired HIV infection during 1996-2006: Planning for teenage and adult care. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45:918-24. (Pubitemid 47580389)
10. Nesheim SR, Kapogiannis BG, Soe MM, et al. Trends in opportunistic infections in the pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy eras among HIV-infected children in the Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study, 1986-2004. Pediatrics 2007; 120:100-9. (Pubitemid 47036246)
11. Mocroft A, Vella S, Benfield TL, et al. Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group. Lancet 1998; 352:1725-30. (Pubitemid 28534954)
12. Palella FJ Jr., Baker RK, Moorman AC, et al. Mortality in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: Changing causes of death and disease in the HIV outpatient study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006; 43:27-34. (Pubitemid 44306484)
13. Puhan MA, Van Natta ML, Palella FJ, Addessi A, Meinert C. Excess mortality in patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: Temporal changes and risk factors. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51:947-56.
14. El-Sadr WM, Lundgren JD, Neaton JD, et al. CD41 count-guided interruption of antiretroviral treatment. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 2283-96. (Pubitemid 44837777)
15. Bedri A, Gudetta B, Isehak A, et al. Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: An analysis of three randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2008; 372:300-13.
16. Violari A, Cotton MF, Gibb DM, et al. Early antiretroviral therapy and mortality among HIV-infected infants. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2233-44.
17. Brady MT, Oleske JM, Williams PL, et al. Declines in mortality rates and changes in causes of death in HIV-1-infected children during the HAART era. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010; 53:86-94.
18. Gortmaker SL, Hughes M, Cervia J, et al. Effect of combination therapy including protease inhibitors on mortality among children and adolescents infected with HIV-1. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1522-8. (Pubitemid 33144917)
19. Johann-Liang R, Cervia JS, Noel GJ. Characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus-infected children at the time of death: An experience in the 1990s. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:1145-50. (Pubitemid 28006671)
20. Langston C, Cooper ER, Goldfarb J, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus-related mortality in infants and children: Data from the pediatric pulmonary and cardiovascular complications of vertically transmitted HIV (P2C2) Study. Pediatrics 2001; 107:328-38. (Pubitemid 32121249)
21. McConnell MS, Byers RH, Frederick T, et al. Trends in antiretroviral therapy use and survival rates for a large cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents in the United States, 1989-2001. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 38:488-94. (Pubitemid 40381559)
22. Patel K, Hernan MA, Williams PL, et al. Long-term effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the survival of children and adolescents with HIV infection: A 10-year follow-up study. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46:507-15. (Pubitemid 351263487)
23. Van Dyke RB, Patel K, Siberry GK, et al. Antiretroviral treatment of US children with perinatally acquired HIV infection: Temporal changes in therapy between 1991 and 2009 and predictors of immunologic and virologic outcomes. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 57:165-73.
24. de Martino M, Tovo PA, Balducci M, et al. Reduction in mortality with availability of antiretroviral therapy for children with perinatal HIV-1 infection. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children and the Italian National AIDS Registry. JAMA 2000; 284:190-7. (Pubitemid 30460862)
25. Faye A, Le Chenadec J, Dollfus C, et al. Early versus deferred antiretroviral multidrug therapy in infants infected with HIV type 1. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:1692-8. (Pubitemid 39578547)
26. Goetghebuer T, Haelterman E, Le Chenadec J, et al. Effect of early antiretroviral therapy on the risk of AIDS/death in HIV-infected infants. AIDS 2009; 23:597-604.
27. Lavreys L, Baeten JM, Chohan V, et al. Higher set point plasma viral load and more-severe acute HIV type 1 (HIV-1) illness predict mortality among high-risk HIV-1-infected African women. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:1333-9.
28. Mellors JW, Rinaldo CR Jr., Gupta P, White RM, Todd JA, Kingsley LA. Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma. Science 1996; 272:1167-70. (Pubitemid 26001148)
29. Palumbo PE, Raskino C, Fiscus S, et al. Predictive value of quantitative plasma HIV RNA and CD41 lymphocyte count in HIV-infected infants and children. JAMA 1998; 279:756-61. (Pubitemid 28115000)
30. Mofenson LM, Harris DR, Moye J, et al. Alternatives to HIV-1 RNA concentration and CD4 count to predict mortality in HIV-1-infected children in resource-poor settings. Lancet 2003; 362:1625-7. (Pubitemid 37443531)
31. Feeney ME, Tang Y, Pfafferott K, et al. HIV-1 viral escape in infancy followed by emergence of a variant-specific CTL response. J Immunol 2005; 174:7524-30. (Pubitemid 40806255)
32. Frater AJ, Brown H, Oxenius A, et al. Effective T-cell responses select human immunodeficiency virus mutants and slow disease progression. J Virol 2007; 81:6742-51. (Pubitemid 46878078)
33. Kuhn L, Abrams EJ, Palumbo P, et al. Maternal versus paternal inheritance of HLA class I alleles among HIV-infected children: Consequences for clinical disease progression. AIDS 2004; 18: 1281-9. (Pubitemid 38822706)
34. Borggren M, Repits J, Kuylenstierna C, et al. Evolution of DC-SIGN use revealed by fitness studies of R5 HIV-1 variants emerging during AIDS progression. Retrovirology 2008; 5:28.
35. Gallant JE. The M184V mutation: What it does, how to prevent it, and what to do with it when it's there. AIDS Read 2006; 16:556-9. (Pubitemid 44646033)
36. Connor RI, Sheridan KE, Ceradini D, Choe S, Landau NR. Change in coreceptor use correlates with disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals. J Exp Med 1997; 185:621-8. (Pubitemid 27098147)
37. Diaz C, Hanson C, Cooper ER, et al. Disease progression in a cohort of infants with vertically acquired HIV infection observed from birth: The Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1998; 18:221-8.
38. Dickover RE, Dillon M, Leung KM, et al. Early prognostic indicators in primary perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: Importance of viral RNA and the timing of transmission on long-term outcome. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:375-87. (Pubitemid 28347919)
39. Mayaux MJ, Burgard M, Teglas JP, et al. Neonatal characteristics in rapidly progressive perinatally acquired HIV-1 disease. The French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group. JAMA 1996; 275:606-10.
40. Shearer WT, Quinn TC, LaRussa P, et al. Viral load and disease progression in infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Women and Infants Transmission Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:1337-42. (Pubitemid 27208616)
41. Abrams EJ, Matheson PB, Thomas PA, et al. Neonatal predictors of infection status and early death among 332 infants at risk of HIV-1 infection monitored prospectively from birth. New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group. Pediatrics 1995; 96:451-8.
42. Taha TE, Dallabetta GA, Canner JK, et al. The effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on birthweight, and infant and child mortality in urban Malawi. Int J Epidemiol 1995; 24:1022-9. (Pubitemid 26434296)
43. Kourtis AP, Ibegbu C, Nahmias AJ, et al. Early progression of disease in HIV-infected infants with thymus dysfunction. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:1431-6. (Pubitemid 26382504)
44. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children. Rapid disease progression in HIV-1 perinatally infected children born to mothers receiving zidovudine monotherapy during pregnancy. The Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children. AIDS 1999; 13:927-33.
45. Kuhn L, Abrams EJ, Weedon J, et al. Disease progression and early viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children exposed to zidovudine during prenatal and perinatal periods. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:104-11. (Pubitemid 30497794)
46. Abrams EJ, Wiener J, Carter R, et al. Maternal health factors and early pediatric antiretroviral therapy influence the rate of perinatal HIV-1 disease progression in children. AIDS 2003; 17:867-77. (Pubitemid 36547659)
47. Blanche S, Mayaux MJ, Rouzioux C, et al. Relation of the course of HIV infection in children to the severity of the disease in their mothers at delivery. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:308-12. (Pubitemid 24041374)
48. Chearskul S, Chotpitayasunondh T, Simonds RJ, et al. Survival, disease manifestations, and early predictors of disease progression among children with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infection in Thailand. Pediatrics 2002; 110:e25.
49. Tovo PA, de Martino M, Gabiano C, et al. AIDS appearance in children is associated with the velocity of disease progression in their mothers. J Infect Dis 1994; 170:1000-2. (Pubitemid 24296585)
50. Kuhn L, Sinkala M, Semrau K, et al. Elevations in mortality associated with weaning persist into the second year of life among uninfected children born to HIV-infected mothers. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: 437-44.
51. Hsu HW, Pelton S, Williamson JM, et al. Survival in children with perinatal HIV infection and very low CD4 lymphocyte counts. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 25:269-75. (Pubitemid 32010130)
52. Scott GB, Hutto C, Makuch RW, et al. Survival in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. N Engl J Med 1989; 321:1791-6. (Pubitemid 20015572)
53. Kapogiannis BG, Soe MM, Nesheim SR, et al. Trends in bacteremia in the pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy era among HIVinfected children in the US Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study (1986-2004). Pediatrics 2008; 121:e1229-39.
54. Freedman D, Koenig LJ, Wiener J, et al. Challenges to re-enrolling perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected children into a prospective cohort study: Strategies for locating and recruiting hard-to-reach families. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2006; 20:338-47. (Pubitemid 43882167)
55. Thakur A. Test of homogeneity and trend with medians. Environ Mutagen 1985; 7:23-30.
56. Rosner B. Mantel-Haenszel chi square for linear trend with continuity correction. Fundamentals of biostatistics. 5th ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury, 2000; 397.
57. Soe MM, Kapogiannis BG, Nesheim SR, et al. Trends in HAART use and predictors of delayed therapy initiation among HIV-infected children in the U.S. Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study. In: XVII International AIDS Conference. Mexico City, Mexico: International AIDS Society, 2008.
58. Nahmias AJ, Clark WS, Kourtis AP, et al. Thymic dysfunction and time of infection predictmortality in human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants. CDC Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study Group. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:680-5. (Pubitemid 28397214)
59. Magder LS, Mofenson L, Paul ME, et al. Risk factors for in utero and intrapartum transmission of HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 38:87-95. (Pubitemid 40094125)
60. Collins IJ, Jourdain G, Hansudewechakul R, et al. Long-term survival of HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Thailand: A 5-year observational cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51:1449-57.
61. Peacock-Villada E, Richardson BA, John-Stewart GC. Post-HAART outcomes in pediatric populations: Comparison of resource-limited and developed countries. Pediatrics 2011; 127:e423-41.
62. ChildStats.gov. Child injury and mortality: Death rates among children ages 1-14 by gender, race and Hispanic origin, and all causes and all injury causes, 1980-2007. Available at: Http://www.childstats.gov/ americaschildren/ tables/phy6b.asp?popup5true. Accessed 26 November 2010.
63. Chintu C, Bhat GJ, Walker AS, et al. Co-trimoxazole as prophylaxis against opportunistic infections in HIV-infected Zambian children (CHAP): A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364:1865-71. (Pubitemid 39536090)
64. Rodriguez B, Sethi AK, Cheruvu VK, et al. Predictive value of plasma HIV RNA level on rate of CD4 T-cell decline in untreated HIV infection. JAMA 2006; 296:1498-506. (Pubitemid 44465514)
65. Deeks SG, Kitchen CM, Liu L, et al. Immune activation set point during early HIV infection predicts subsequent CD41 T-cell changes independent of viral load. Blood 2004; 104:942-7. (Pubitemid 39038012)
66. Roberts L, Passmore JA, Williamson C, et al. Plasma cytokine levels during acute HIV-1 infection predict HIV disease progression. AIDS 2010; 24:819-31.