Environmental influences on autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases

Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology, Third Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 437-454

  Cooper, Glinda S ^a   Miller, Frederick W ^b  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80053607379     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (108)

1. National Autoimmune Diseases Coordinating Committee, Autoimmune Diseases Research Plan, NIH/NIAMS, 2002, 6. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/dait/pdf/ADCC_Report.pdf.
2. Walsh, S.J. and Rau, L.M., Autoimmune diseases: a leading cause of death among young and middle-aged women in the United States, Am. J. Public Health, 90, 1463, 2000.
3. Jacobson, D.L., et al., Epidemiology and estimated population burden of selected autoimmune diseases in the United States, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 84, 223, 1997.
4. Cooper, G.S. and Stroehla, B.C., The Epidemiology of Autoimmune Diseases, Autoimmunity Rev., 2, 119, 2003.
5. Hollowell, J.G., et al., Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 87, 489, 2002.
6. Cooper, G.S., Miller, F.W., and Pandey, J.P., The Role of Genetic Factors in Autoimmune Disease: Implications for Environmental Research, Environ. Health Perspect., 107, 693, 1999.
7. Becker K.G., et al., Clustering of non-major histocompatibility complex susceptibility candidate loci in human autoimmune diseases, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 95, 9979, 1998.
8. Hall, J.C., Casciola-Rosen, L., and Rosen, A., Altered structure of autoantigens during apoptosis., Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am., 30, 455, 2004.
9. White, S. and Rosen, A., Apoptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, Curr. Opin. Rheumatol., 15, 557, 2003.
10. Guler, M.L., et al., Two autoimmune diabetes loci influencing T cell apoptosis control susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myocarditis, J. Immunol., 174, 2167, 2005.
11. Grimaldi, C.M., Hicks, R., and Diamond, B., B cell selection and susceptibility to autoimmunity, J. Immunol., 174, 1775, 2005.
12. Lund, F.E., et al., Regulatory roles for cytokine-producing B cells in infection and autoimmune disease, Curr. Dir. Autoimmun., 8, 25, 2005.
13. Paroli, M. and Barnaba, V., Mechanisms of CD8+ T cell peripheral tolerance to our own antigens, Front. Biosci., 10, 1628, 2005.
14. Matei, I. and Matei, L., Cytokine patterns and pathogenicity in autoimmune diseases, Rom J Intern Med., 40, 27, 2002.
15. Liu, E. and Eisenbarth G.S., Type 1A diabetes mellitus-associated autoimmunity. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am., 31, 391, 2002.
16. Arbuckle, M.R., et al., Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus, N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 1526, 2003.
17. Rantapaa-Dahlqvist, S., et al., Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide and IgA rheumatoid factor predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum., 48, 2741, 2003.
18. Ang, C.W., Jacobs, B.C., and Laman, J.D., The Guillain-Barre syndrome: A true case of molecular mimicry, Trends Immunol., 25, 61, 2004.
19. Fourneau, J. M., et al., The elusive case for a role of mimicry in autoimmune diseases, Mol Immunol., 40, 1095, 2004
20. Fairweather, D., Frisancho-Kiss, S. and Rose, N.R. Viruses as adjuvants for autoimmunity: evidence from Coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis, Rev. Med. Virol., 15, 17, 2005.
21. Jun, H.S. and Yoon, J.W., A new look at viruses in type 1 diabetes [reprint], ILAR J., 45, 349, 2004.
22. Graves, P.M., et al., Prospective study of enteroviral infections and development of beta-cell autoimmunity. Diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY), Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 59, 61, 2003.
23. Green, J., Casabonne D., and Newton, R. Coxsackie B virus serology and Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of published case-control studies, Diabet Med., 21, 507, 2004.
24. McClain, M.T., Harley, J.B., and James, J.A., The role of Epstein-Barr virus in systemic lupus erythematosus, Front. Biosci., 1, 137, 2001.
25. Levin L.I., et al., Temporal relationship between elevation of Epstein-Barr virus antibody titers and initial onset of neurologic symptoms in multiple sclerosis, JAMA, 293, 2496, 2005.
26. Bramwell, B. Diffuse scleroderma: its frequency and occurrence in stonemasons; its treatment by fibrinolysin: elevations of temperature due to fibrinolysin injections. Edinburg Med. J. 12, 387, 1914.
27. Parks, C.G., Conrad, K., and Cooper G.S., Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica and Autoimmune Disease, Environ. Health Perspect. 107, 793, 1999.
28. Mehlhorn, J., et al., Analysis for the association between progressive systemic scleroderma, exposure to quartz dust, and silicosis in East German uranium mining, Zbl. Arbeitsmed., 49, 134, 1999.
29. Brown L.M., et al., Cancer risk and mortality patterns among silicotic men in Sweden and Denmark, J. Occup. Environ. Med., 39, 633, 1997.
30. Silman, A.J. and Jones, S., What is the contribution of occupational environmental factors to the occurrence of scleroderma in men?, Ann Rheum Dis., 51, 1322, 1992.
31. Bovenzi, M., et al., A case-control study of occupational exposures and systemic sclerosis, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 77, 10, 2004.
32. Bovenzi, M., et al., Scleroderma and occupational exposure, Scand. J. Work Environ. Health., 21, 289, 1995.
33. Burns, C.J., et al., The epidemiology of scleroderma among women: assessment of risk from exposure to silicone and silica, J. Rheumatol., 23, 1904, 1996.
34. Englert H., et al., Male systemic sclerosis and occupational silica exposure-a populationbased study, Aust. N. Z. J. Med., 30, 215, 2000.
35. Diot, E., et al., Systemic sclerosis and occupational risk factors: A case-control study, Occup. Environ. Med. 59, 545, 2002.
36. Turner, S. and Cherry, N., Rheumatoid arthritis in workers exposed to silica in the pottery industry, Occup. Environ. Med., 57, 443, 2000.
37. Rosenman, K.D., Moore-Fuller, M., and Reilly M.J., Connective tissue disease and silicosis, Am. J. Ind. Med., 35, 375, 1999.
38. Olsson A.R., et al., Occupations and exposures in the work environment as determinants for rheumatoid arthritis, Occup. Environ. Med., 61, 233, 2004.
39. Stolt, P., et al., Silica exposure is associated with increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish EIRA study, Ann. Rheum. Dis., 64, 582, 2005.
40. Conrad, K., et al., Systemic lupus erythematosus after heavy exposure to quartz dust in uranium mines: clinical and serological characteristics, Lupus, 5, 62, 1996.
41. Parks, C.G., et al., Occupation exposure to crystalline silica and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based, case-control study in the southeastern United States, Arthritis Rheum., 46, 1840, 2002. Erratum in: Arthritis Rheum., 50, 1694, 2004.
42. Gregorini, G., et al., Association between silica exposure and necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with p-ANCA and anti-MPO antibodies: A hospital-based case-control study, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 336, 435, 1993.
43. Nuyts, G.D., et al., Wegener granulomatosis is associated to exposure to silicon compounds: A case-control study, Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., 10, 1162, 1995.
44. Hogan, S.L., et al., Silica exposure in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 12, 134, 2001.
45. Lane, S.E., et al., Are environmental factors important in primary systemic vasculitis? A case-control study, Arthritis Rheum., 48, 814, 2003.
46. Beaudreuil, S., et al., Occupational exposure in ANCA-positive patients: a case-control study, Kidney Int., 67, 1961, 2005.
47. Pfau, J.C., Brown, J.M., and Holian, A., Silica-exposed mice generate autoantibodies to apoptotic cells, Toxicology, 195, 167, 2004.
48. Brown, J.M., Pfau, J.C., and Holian, A., Immunoglobulin and lymphocyte responses following silica exposure in New Zealand mixed mice., Inhal. Toxicol., 16, 133, 2004.
49. Cooper, G.S. and Parks, C.G., Occupational and Environmental Exposures as Risk Factors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Cu.r. Rheum. Reports, 6, 367, 2004.
50. Gama, C. and Meira, J.B. Occupational acro-osteolysis, J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., 60, 86, 1978.
51. Aryal, B.K., Khuder, S.A., and Schaub, E.A., Meta-analysis of systemic sclerosis and exposure to solvents, Am. J. Ind. Med., 40, 27, 2001.
52. Czirjak, L. and Kumanovics, G., Exposure to solvents in female patients with scleroderma, Clin Rheumatol., 21, 114, 2002.
53. Garabrant, D.H., et al., Scleroderma and solvent exposure among women, Am. J. Epidemiol., 157, 493, 2003.
54. Maitre, A., et al., Systemic sclerosis and occupational risk factors: role of solvents and cleaning products, J. Rheumatol., 31, 2395, 2004.
55. Lacey, J.V., et al., Petroleum distillate solvents as risk factors for undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), Am. J. Epidemiol., 149, 761, 1999.
56. Riise, T., Moen B.E., and Kyvik, K.R., Organic solvents and the risk of multiple sclerosis, Epidemiology, 13, 718, 2002.
57. Mortensen, J.T., Bronnum-Hansen, H., and Rasmussen, K. Multiple sclerosis and organic solvents, Epidemiology, 9, 168, 1998.
58. Landtblom, A.M., et al., Organic solvents and multiple sclerosis: A synthesis of the current evidence, Epidemiology, 7, 429, 1996.
59. Cooper, G.S., et al., Occupational Risk Factors for the Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, J. Rheum., 31, 1928, 2004.
60. Byers, V.S., et al., Association between clinical symptoms and lymphocyte abnormalities in a population with chronic domestic exposure to industrial solvent-contaminated domestic water supply and a high incidence of leukaemia, Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 27, 77, 1988.
61. Khan, M.F., et al., Trichloroethene-induced autoimmune response in female MRL +/+ mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 134, 155, 1995.
62. Gilbert, K.M., Griffin J.M., and Pumford, N.R., Trichloroethylene activates CD4+ T cells: Potential role in an autoimmune response, Drug Metab. Rev., 31, 901, 1999.
63. Griffin, J.M., et al., Trichloroethylene accelerates an autoimmune response by Th1 T cell activation in MRL +/+ mice, Immunopharmacology, 46, 123, 2000.
64. Blossom, S.J., Pumford, N.R., and Gilbert, K.M., Activation and attenuation of apoptosis of CD4+ T cells following in vivo exposure to two common environmental toxicants, trichloroacetaldehyde hydrate and trichloroacetic acid, J. Autoimmun., 23, 211, 2004.
65. Gilbert, K.M., Whitlow, A.B., and Pumford, N.R., Environmental contaminant and disinfection by-product trichloroacetaldehyde stimulates T cells in vitro, Int. Immunopharmacol., 4, 25, 2004.
66. Griffin, J.M., Gilbert, K.M., and Pumford, N.R., Inhibition of CYP2E1 reverses CD4+ Tcell alterations in trichloroethylene-treated MRL+/+ mice, Toxicol. Sci., 54, 384, 2000.
67. Frostegard, J., et al., Lipid peroxidation is enhanced in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and is associated with arterial and renal disease manifestations, Arthritis Rheum., 52, 192, 2005.
68. Holsapple, M.P., Autoimmunity by pesticides: a critical review of the state of the science, Toxicol. Lett., 127, 101, 2002.
69. Cooper, G.S., Miller, F.W., and Germolec, D.R., Occupational Exposures and Autoimmune Diseases, Int. Immunopharmacol., 2, 303, 2002.
70. Khuder, S.A., Peshimam, A.Z., and Agraharam, S., Environmental risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis, Rev. Environ. Health, 17, 307, 2002.
71. Gocmen, A., et al., Hexachlorobenzene episode in Turkey, Biomed. Environ., Sci., 2, 36, 1989.
72. Michielsen, C.C., et al., The role of the immune system in hexachlorobenzene-induced toxicity, Environ. Health Perspect., 107, 783, 1999.
73. Schielen, P., et al., Autoimmune effects of hexachlorobenzene in the rat, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 22, 233, 1993.
74. Keily, F., Donaldson, D., and Grube, A., Pesticide industry sales and usage, 2000 and 2001 market estimates, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 2002, page 14. http://www.epa.gov/oppbead1/pestsales/01pestsales/market_estimates2001.pdf.
75. Rodgers, K.E., Effects of oral administration of malathion on the course of disease in MRL-lpr mice, J. Autoimmun., 10, 367, 1997.
76. Johnson, V.J., et al., Increased T-lymphocyte dependent antibody production in female SJL/J mice following exposure to commercial grade malathion, Toxicology, 170, 119, 2002.
77. Ayub, S., Verma, J., and Das, N., Effect of endosulfan and malathion on lipid peroxidation, nitrite and TNF-alpha release by rat peritoneal macrophages, Int. Immunopharmacol., 3, 1819, 2003.
78. Rodgers, K. and Xiong, S., Effect of administration of malathion for 90 days n macrophage function and mast cell degranulation, Toxicol. Lett., 93, 73, 1997.
79. Bannerjee, B.D., et al., A comparative evaluation of immunotoxicity of malathion after subchronic exposure in experimental animals, Indian J. Exp. Biol., 36, 273, 1998.
80. Colborn, T., vom Saal, F.S., and Soto, A.M., Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans, Environ. Health Perspect., 101, 378, 1993.
81. Sobel E.S., et al., Acceleration of autoimmunity by organochlorine pesticides in (NZB x NZW)F1 mice, Environ. Health Perspect., 113, 323, 2005.
82. Lee LA, Farris AD. Photosensitivity diseases: cutaneous lupus erythematosus, J. Investig Dermatol Symp Proc., 4, 73, 1999.
83. Miller, F.W., Inflammatory Myopathies: Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, and Related Conditions, in Arthritis and Allied Conditions - A Textbook of Rheumatology (15th Edition), Koopman, W. and Moreland, L., Eds., 2004; chap. 75 (volume 2), pp 1593-1620.
84. Okada, S., et al., International Myositis Collaborative Study Group. Global surface ultraviolet radiation intensity may modulate the clinical immunologic expression of autoimmune muscle disease, Arthritis Rheum., 48, 2285, 2003.
85. Deluca, H.F. and Cantorna, M.T., Vitamin D: Its role and uses in immunology, FASEB J., 15, 2579, 2001.
86. Ponsonby, A.L., McMichael, A., and van der Mei, I., Ultraviolet radiation and autoimmune disease: insights from epidemiological research, Toxicology, 181-182, 71, 2002.
87. Fronczak, C.M., et al., In utero dietary exposures and risk of islet autoimmunity in children, Diabetes Care, 26, 3237, 2003.
88. Munger, K.L., et al., Vitamin D intake and incidence of multiple sclerosis, Neurology, 62, 60, 2004.
89. Merlino, L.A., et al., Vitamin D intake is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Iowa Women’s Health Study, Arthritis Rheum., 50, 72, 2004.
90. Van Amerongen, B.M., et al., Multiple sclerosis and vitamin D: an update, Eur, J, Clin, Nutr., 58, 1095, 2004.
91. Hypponen, E., Micronutrients and the risk of type 1 diabetes: vitamin D, vitamin E, and nicotinamide, Nutr. Rev., 62, 340, 2004.
92. Froicu, M., et al., A crucial role for the vitamin D receptor in experimental inflammatory bowel diseases, Mol. Endocrinol. 17, 2386, 2003.
93. Vaisberg, M.W., et al., Influence of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) on the course of experimental systemic lupus erythematosus in F1 (NZBxW) mice, J. Clin. Lab. Anal., 14, 91, 2000.
94. Sopori, M., Effects of cigarette smoke on the immune system. Nat. Rev. Immunol., 2, 372, 2002.
95. Vestergaard, P., Smoking and thyroid disorders--a meta-analysis. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 146, 153, 2002.
96. Belin, R.M., et al., Smoke exposure is associated with a lower prevalence of serum thyroid autoantibodies and thyrotropin concentration elevation and a higher prevalence of mild thyrotropin concentration suppression in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 89, 6077, 2004.
97. Stolt P., et al., Quantification of the influence of cigarette smoking on rheumatoid arthritis: results from a population based case-control study, using incident cases, Ann. Rheum. Dis., 62, 835, 2003.
98. Albano, S.A., Santana-Sahagun, E., and Weisman, M.H., Cigarette smoking and rheumatoid arthritis, Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 31, 146, 2001.
99. Korpilahde, T., et al., Smoking history and serum cotinine and thiocyanate concentrations as determinants of rheumatoid factor in non-rheumatoid subjects, Rheumatology (Oxford), 43, 1424, 2004.
100. Padyukov, L., et al., A gene-environment interaction between smoking and shared epitope genes in HLA-DR provides a high risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum., 50, 3085, 2004.
101. Costenbader, K.H., et al., Cigarette smoking and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis, Arthritis Rheum., 50, 849, 2004.
102. Hernan, M.A., Oleky, M.J., and Ascherio, A., Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis, Am. J. Epidemiol., 154, 69, 2001.
103. Villard-Mackintosh and L., Vessey, M.P., Oral contraceptives and reproductive factors in multiple sclerosis incidence, Contraception, 47, 161, 1993.
104. Riise, T., Nortvedt, M.W., and Ascherio, A. Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis, Neurology, 61, 1122, 2003.
105. Calkins, B.M., A meta-analysis of the role of smoking in inflammatory bowel disease, Dig. Dis. Sci., 34, 1841, 1989.
106. Loftus, E.V., Clinical epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence, and environmental influences, Gastroenterology, 126, 1504, 2004.
107. Carlsson, S., et al., Smoking is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes but a decreased risk of autoimmune diabetes in adults: an 11-year follow-up of incidence of diabetes in the Nord-Trondelag study, Diabetologia, 47, 1953, 2004.
108. Mabley, J.G., et al., Nicotine reduces the incidence of type I diabetes in mice, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 300, 876, 2002.