메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 143-175

Cities, suburbs, and urban sprawl: Their impact on health

(1)  Frumkin, Howard a  

a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 79958064758     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (5)

References (215)
  • 8
    • 0141709525 scopus 로고
    • Urban sprawl
    • Reprinted in Whyte WH Jr, ed., The exploding metropolis. New York: Doubleday; 1958 Repr Berkeley University of California Press 1993 Jan
    • Whyte WH. Urban sprawl. Fortune. 1958 Jan; 102-9. Reprinted in Whyte WH Jr, ed., The exploding metropolis. New York: Doubleday; 1958. Repr., Berkeley: University of California Press; 1993.
    • (1958) Fortune. , pp. 102-109
    • Whyte, W.H.1
  • 15
    • 0004189164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • British Medical Association. London: British Medical Association
    • British Medical Association. Road transport and health. London: British Medical Association; 1997.
    • (1997) Road Transport And Health.
  • 16
    • 0011499990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Regional Publications European Series No 89 Copenhagen World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe
    • Dora C, Phillips M. Transport, environment, and health. WHO Regional Publications, European Series, No. 89. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; 2000.
    • (2000) Transport Environment And Health.
    • Dora, C.1    Phillips, M.2
  • 20
    • 0002859522 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of mixed use and density on utilization of three modes of travel: Single-occupant vehicle, transit, and walking
    • Frank LD, Pivo G. Impacts of mixed use and density on utilization of three modes of travel: Single-occupant vehicle, transit, and walking. Transportation Res Record. 1995; 1466:44-52.
    • (1995) Transportation Res Record. , vol.1466 , pp. 44-52
    • Frank, L.D.1    Pivo, G.2
  • 24
    • 10044228101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Texas Transportation Institute. Arlington, TX: Texas Transportation Institute; Available at
    • Texas Transportation Institute. 2005 urban mobility study. Arlington, TX: Texas Transportation Institute; 2005. Available at http://mobility.tamu.edu.
    • (2005) 2005 Urban Mobility Study
  • 25
    • 84898353098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Transportation and Air Quality. Mobile source emissions: Past, present, and future. 2003
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Transportation and Air Quality. Mobile source emissions: Past, present, and future. 2003. www.epa.gov/otaq/invntory/overview/pollutants/index.htm.
  • 27
    • 0027362097 scopus 로고
    • An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities
    • Dockery DW, Pope CA 3rd, Xu X, et al. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329:1753-59.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med. , vol.329 , pp. 1753-59
    • Dockery, D.W.1    Pope III, C.A.2    Xu, X.3
  • 28
    • 0028911083 scopus 로고
    • Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of U.S. adults
    • Pope CA 3rd, Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, et al. Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of U.S. adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.1995; 151:669-74.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med. , vol.151 , pp. 669-74
    • Pope III, C.A.1    Thun, M.J.2    Namboodiri, M.M.3
  • 29
    • 2642540057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from the expert panel on population and prevention science of the american heart association
    • Brook RD, Franklin B, Cascio W, et al. Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2004; 109:2655-71.
    • (2004) Circulation. , vol.109 , pp. 2655-71
    • Brook, R.D.1    Franklin, B.2    Cascio, W.3
  • 30
    • 18044369275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambient air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature
    • Sram RJ, Binkova B, Dejmek J, Bobak M. Ambient air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature. Environ Health Persp 2005; 113(4):375-82.
    • (2005) Environ Health Persp , vol.113 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-82
    • Sram, R.J.1    Binkova, B.2    Dejmek, J.3    Bobak, M.4
  • 31
    • 1442350205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). USEPA #236-R-01-001. Washington, DC: EPA
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990-1999. USEPA #236-R-01-001. Washington, DC: EPA; 2001.
    • (2001) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-1999
  • 33
    • 0346786451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health effects of climate change
    • Haines A, Patz JA. Health effects of climate change. JAMA 2004; 291:99-103.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 99-103
    • Haines, A.1    Patz, J.A.2
  • 35
    • 0033553267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor vehicle safety: A 20th century public health achievement
    • Centers for Disease Control
    • Centers for Disease Control. Motor vehicle safety: A 20th century public health achievement. MMWR.1999; 48:369-74.
    • (1999) MMWR. , vol.48 , pp. 369-74
  • 36
    • 84897390908 scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of six methods for calculating travel fatality risk
    • Halperin K. A comparative analysis of six methods for calculating travel fatality risk. Risk: Health, Safety & Environment. 1993; 4:15-33.
    • (1993) Risk: Health Safety & Environment. , vol.4 , pp. 15-33
    • Halperin, K.1
  • 37
    • 84898395323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Safety Council. What are the odds of dying?
    • National Safety Council. What are the odds of dying? www.nsc.org/lrs/ statinfo/odds. htm.
  • 38
    • 0033190728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual mileage, driving violations, and accident involvement in relation to drivers' sex, age, and level of education
    • Lourens PF, Vissers JA, Jessurum M. Annual mileage, driving violations, and accident involvement in relation to drivers' sex, age, and level of education. Accid Anal Prev. 1999; 31:593-97.
    • (1999) Accid Anal Prev. , vol.31 , pp. 593-97
    • Lourens, P.F.1    Vissers, J.A.2    Jessurum, M.3
  • 40
    • 0030249858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of sleepiness in automobile drivers
    • Philip P, Ghorayeb I, Stoohs R, et al. Determinants of sleepiness in automobile drivers. J Psychosom Res. 1996; 41:279-88.
    • (1996) J Psychosom Res. , vol.41 , pp. 279-88
    • Philip, P.1    Ghorayeb, I.2    Stoohs, R.3
  • 42
    • 0011868028 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of accidents attributed to the driver having fallen asleep
    • Pack AM, Cucchiara A, Schwab CW, Rodgman E, Pack AI. Characteristics of accidents attributed to the driver having fallen asleep. Sleep Res. 1994; 23:141.
    • (1994) Sleep Res. , vol.23 , pp. 141
    • Pack, A.M.1    Cucchiara, A.2    Schwab, C.W.3    Rodgman, E.4    Pack, A.I.5
  • 43
    • 0028908891 scopus 로고
    • Sleep related vehicle accidents
    • Horne JA, Reyner LA. Sleep related vehicle accidents. BMJ. 1995; 4:565-67.
    • (1995) BMJ. , vol.4 , pp. 565-67
    • Horne, J.A.1    Reyner, L.A.2
  • 44
    • 0031024865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between cellular-telephone calls and motor vehicle collisions
    • Redelmeier DA, Tibshirani RJ. Association between cellular-telephone calls and motor vehicle collisions. N Engl J Med. 1997; 336:453-58.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med. , vol.336 , pp. 453-58
    • Redelmeier, D.A.1    Tibshirani, R.J.2
  • 46
    • 0141721486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle occupant and pedestrian fatalities
    • Ewing R, Schieber RA, Zegeer CV. Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle occupant and pedestrian fatalities. Am J Public Health. 2003; 93:1541-45.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health. , vol.93 , pp. 1541-45
    • Ewing, R.1    Schieber, R.A.2    Zegeer, C.V.3
  • 47
    • 0032858836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor vehicle safety: Current concepts and challenges for emergency physicians
    • Peterson TD, Jolly B, Runge JW, Hunt RC. Motor vehicle safety: Current concepts and challenges for emergency physicians. Ann Emerg Med. 1999; 34:384-93.
    • (1999) Ann Emerg Med. , vol.34 , pp. 384-93
    • Peterson, T.D.1    Jolly, B.2    Runge, J.W.3    Hunt, R.C.4
  • 48
    • 0027308759 scopus 로고
    • Why have child pedestrian death rates fallen?
    • Roberts I. Why have child pedestrian death rates fallen? BMJ. 1993; 306:1737-39.
    • (1993) BMJ. , vol.306 , pp. 1737-39
    • Roberts, I.1
  • 49
    • 1842696773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: Surface Transportation Policy Project and Environmental Working Group
    • Ernst M, McCann B. Mean streets 2002. Washington, DC: Surface Transportation Policy Project and Environmental Working Group; 2002. www.transact.org/report. asp?id=202.
    • (2002) Mean Streets 2002
    • Ernst, M.1    McCann, B.2
  • 50
    • 0141832836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting safe walking and cycling to improve public health: Lessons from the Netherlands and Germany
    • Pucher J, Dijkstra L. Promoting safe walking and cycling to improve public health: Lessons from the Netherlands and Germany. Am J Public Health 2003; 93:1509-16.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 1509-16
    • Pucher, J.1    Dijkstra, L.2
  • 51
    • 0038842599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to children walking and biking to school: United States, 1999
    • Dellinger AM, Staunton CE. Barriers to children walking and biking to school: United States, 1999. MMWR. 2002; 51:701-4.
    • (2002) MMWR. , vol.51 , pp. 701-4
    • Dellinger, A.M.1    Staunton, C.E.2
  • 52
    • 0026718454 scopus 로고
    • Child pedestrian mortality and traffic volume in New Zealand
    • Roberts I, Marshall R, Norton R. Child pedestrian mortality and traffic volume in New Zealand. BMJ. 1992; 305:283.
    • (1992) BMJ. , vol.305 , pp. 283
    • Roberts, I.1    Marshall, R.2    Norton, R.3
  • 53
    • 0028907861 scopus 로고
    • Child pedestrian deaths: Sensitivity to traffic volume; Evidence from the U.S.A
    • Roberts I, Crombie I. Child pedestrian deaths: Sensitivity to traffic volume; Evidence from the U.S.A. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1995; 49:186-88.
    • (1995) J Epidemiol Community Health. , vol.49 , pp. 186-88
    • Roberts, I.1    Crombie, I.2
  • 54
    • 0141498148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of evidence-based traffic engineering measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes
    • Retting RA, Ferguson SA, McCartt AT. A review of evidence-based traffic engineering measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes. Am J Public Health. 2003; 93:1456-63.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health. , vol.93 , pp. 1456-63
    • Retting, R.A.1    Ferguson, S.A.2    McCartt, A.T.3
  • 55
    • 84898088791 scopus 로고
    • Impact of residential street standards on neo-traditional neighborhood concepts
    • July
    • Shaw, Gordon R. Impact of residential street standards on neo-traditional neighborhood concepts. Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal. 1994 July; 64:30-33.
    • (1994) Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal. , vol.64 , pp. 30-33
    • Shaw Gordon, R.1
  • 57
    • 0035346908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: A meta-analysis of safety effects
    • Elvik R. Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: A meta-analysis of safety effects. Accid Anal Prev. 2001; 33:327-36.
    • (2001) Accid Anal Prev. , vol.33 , pp. 327-36
    • Elvik, R.1
  • 59
    • 0034196379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making walking and cycling safer: Lessons from Europe
    • Pucher J, Dijkstra L. Making walking and cycling safer: Lessons from Europe. Transportation Q. 2000; 54:25-51.
    • (2000) Transportation Q. , vol.54 , pp. 25-51
    • Pucher, J.1    Dijkstra, L.2
  • 61
    • 0036628649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedestrian risk decreases with pedestrian flow: A case study based on data from signalized intersections in hamilton Ontario
    • Leden L. Pedestrian risk decreases with pedestrian flow: A case study based on data from signalized intersections in Hamilton, Ontario. Accid Anal Prev. 2002; 34:457-64.
    • (2002) Accid Anal Prev. , vol.34 , pp. 457-64
    • Leden, L.1
  • 62
    • 0142139344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety in numbers: More walkers and bicyclists, safer walking and bicycling
    • Jacobsen PL. Safety in numbers: More walkers and bicyclists, safer walking and bicycling. Inj Prev. 2003; 9:205-9.
    • (2003) Inj Prev. , vol.9 , pp. 205-9
    • Jacobsen, P.L.1
  • 63
    • 0141721476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality risk associated with leaving home: Recognizing the relevance of the built environment
    • Lucy WH. Mortality risk associated with leaving home: Recognizing the relevance of the built environment. Am J Public Health. 2003; 93:1564-69.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health. , vol.93 , pp. 1564-69
    • Lucy, W.H.1
  • 64
    • 0031221287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicycling boom in Germany: A revival engineered by public policy
    • Pucher, J. Bicycling boom in Germany: A revival engineered by public policy. Transportation Q. 1997; 51:31-46.
    • (1997) Transportation Q. , vol.51 , pp. 31-46
    • Pucher, J.1
  • 65
    • 0032718020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caloric imbalance and public health policy
    • Koplan JP, Dietz WH. Caloric imbalance and public health policy. JAMA. 1999; 282:1579-81.
    • (1999) JAMA. , vol.282 , pp. 1579-81
    • Koplan, J.P.1    Dietz, W.H.2
  • 66
    • 0042701938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of physical activity including lifestyle activities among adults: United states 2000-2001
    • Macera CA, Jones DA, Yore MM, et al. Prevalence of physical activity, including lifestyle activities among adults: United States, 2000-2001. MMWR. 2003; 52:764-69.
    • (2003) MMWR. , vol.52 , pp. 764-69
    • Macera, C.A.1    Jones, D.A.2    Yore, M.M.3
  • 68
    • 0029520980 scopus 로고
    • Commuting in transit versus automobile neighborhoods
    • Cervero R, Gorham R. Commuting in transit versus automobile neighborhoods. J Am Plann Assoc. 1995; 61:210-25.
    • (1995) J Am Plann Assoc. , vol.61 , pp. 210-25
    • Cervero, R.1    Gorham, R.2
  • 69
    • 0031233750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Travel demand and the three Ds: Density, diversity, and design
    • Cervero R, Kockelman K. Travel demand and the three Ds: Density, diversity, and design. Transportation Res Record. 1997; 2:199-219.
    • (1997) Transportation Res Record. , vol.2 , pp. 199-219
    • Cervero, R.1    Kockelman, K.2
  • 70
    • 0003772710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical activity and health: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1996.
    • (1996) Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
  • 71
    • 0032556631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifestyle and 15-year survival free of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes in middle-aged British men
    • Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Walker M, Ebrahim S. Lifestyle and 15-year survival free of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes in middle-aged British men. Arch Intern Med.1998; 158:2433-40.
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med. , vol.158 , pp. 2433-40
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Walker, M.3    Ebrahim, S.4
  • 72
    • 0032580670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in physical activity, mortality, and incidence of coronary heart disease in older men
    • Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Walker M. Changes in physical activity, mortality, and incidence of coronary heart disease in older men. Lancet. 1998; 351:1603-8.
    • (1998) Lancet. , vol.351 , pp. 1603-8
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Walker, M.3
  • 73
    • 0034141109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of light, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity with longevity. Harvard Alumni Health Study
    • Lee IM, Paffenbarger RS Jr. Associations of light, moderate, and vigorous intensity physical activity with longevity. Harvard Alumni Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2000; 151:293-99.
    • (2000) Am J Epidemiol. , vol.151 , pp. 293-99
    • Lee, I.M.1    Paffenbarger Jr., R.S.2
  • 74
    • 0032749573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men
    • Wei M, Kampert JB, Barlow CE, et al. Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. JAMA. 1999; 282:1547-53.
    • (1999) JAMA. , vol.282 , pp. 1547-53
    • Wei, M.1    Kampert, J.B.2    Barlow, C.E.3
  • 75
    • 0030056083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women
    • Blair SN, Kampert JB, Kohl HW 3rd, et al. Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women. JAMA. 1996; 276:205-10.
    • (1996) JAMA. , vol.276 , pp. 205-10
    • Blair, S.N.1    Kampert, J.B.2    Kohl III, H.W.3
  • 76
    • 0030248815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity, physical fitness, and all-cause and cancer mortality: A prospective study of men and women
    • Kampert JB, Blair SN, Barlow CE, Kohl HW 3rd. Physical activity, physical fitness, and all-cause and cancer mortality: A prospective study of men and women. Ann Epidemiol. 1996; 6:452-57.
    • (1996) Ann Epidemiol. , vol.6 , pp. 452-57
    • Kampert, J.B.1    Blair, S.N.2    Barlow, C.E.3    Kohl III, H.W.4
  • 77
    • 0242407660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and cancer prevention: Data from epidemiologic studies
    • Lee IM. Physical activity and cancer prevention: Data from epidemiologic studies. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2003; 35(11):1823-27.
    • (2003) Medicine & Science In Sports & Exercise. , vol.35 , Issue.11 , pp. 1823-27
    • Lee, I.M.1
  • 78
    • 3242765427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: An epidemiological review 2000-2003
    • Bauman AE. Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: An epidemiological review 2000-2003. J Science & Medicine in Sport. 2004; 7(1 Suppl):6-19.
    • (2004) J Science & Medicine in Sport. , vol.7 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 6-19
    • Bauman, A.E.1
  • 79
    • 0028322089 scopus 로고
    • Increasing prevalence of overweight among U.S. adults: The national health and nutrition examination surveys, 1960 to 1991
    • Kuczmarski RJ, Flegal KM, Campbell SM, Johnson CL. Increasing prevalence of overweight among U.S. adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991. JAMA. 1994; 272:205-11.
    • (1994) JAMA. , vol.272 , pp. 205-11
    • Kuczmarski, R.J.1    Flegal, K.M.2    Campbell, S.M.3    Johnson, C.L.4
  • 83
    • 0037223174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of obesity diabetes and obesity-related health risk factors 2001
    • Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003; 289:76-79.
    • (2003) JAMA. , vol.289 , pp. 76-79
    • Mokdad, A.H.1    Ford, E.S.2    Bowman, B.A.3
  • 86
    • 0031710889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and breast cancer risk in the College Alumni Health Study (United States)
    • Sesso HD, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Lee IM. Physical activity and breast cancer risk in the College Alumni Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1998; 9:433-39.
    • (1998) Cancer Causes Control. , vol.9 , pp. 433-39
    • Sesso, H.D.1    Paffenbarger Jr., R.S.2    Lee, I.M.3
  • 87
    • 1642642869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body weight: Implications for the prevention of coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus in a cohort study of middle aged men
    • Shaper AG, Wannamethee SG, Walker M. Body weight: Implications for the prevention of coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus in a cohort study of middle aged men. BMJ. 1997; 314:1311-17.
    • (1997) BMJ. , vol.314 , pp. 1311-17
    • Shaper, A.G.1    Wannamethee, S.G.2    Walker, M.3
  • 88
    • 0037464510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults
    • Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1625-38.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med. , vol.348 , pp. 1625-38
    • Calle, E.E.1    Rodriguez, C.2    Walker-Thurmond, K.3    Thun, M.J.4
  • 90
    • 1542347858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actual causes of death in the United States 2000
    • correction published in JAMA 2005; 293:293-94
    • Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA. 2004; 291:1238-45; correction published in JAMA 2005; 293:293-94.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 1238-45
    • Mokdad, A.H.1    Marks, J.S.2    Stroup, D.F.3    Gerberding, J.L.4
  • 91
    • 0031797738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity interventions: Environmental and policy interventions to promote physical activity
    • Sallis JF, Bauman A, Pratt M. Physical activity interventions: Environmental and policy interventions to promote physical activity. Am J Prev Med. 1998; 15:379-97.
    • (1998) Am J Prev Med. , vol.15 , pp. 379-97
    • Sallis, J.F.1    Bauman, A.2    Pratt, M.3
  • 92
  • 93
    • 0036321397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How the built environment affects physical activity: Views from urban planning
    • Handy S, Boarnet M, Ewing R, Killingsworth R. How the built environment affects physical activity: Views from urban planning. Am J Prev Med. 2002; 23 (Suppl 2):64-73.
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med. , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 64-73
    • Handy, S.1    Boarnet, M.2    Ewing, R.3    Killingsworth, R.4
  • 94
    • 0036008880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors associated with adults' participation in physical activity: A review
    • Humpel N, Owen N, Leslie E. Environmental factors associated with adults' participation in physical activity: A review. Am J Prev Med. 2002; 22:188-99.
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med. , vol.22 , pp. 188-99
    • Humpel, N.1    Owen, N.2    Leslie, E.3
  • 95
    • 0036227999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity: A systematic review
    • Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, et al. The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity: A systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2002; 22(Suppl 4):73-107.
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med. , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 73-107
    • Kahn, E.B.1    Ramsey, L.T.2    Brownson, R.C.3
  • 96
  • 97
    • 0037877920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental correlates of walking and cycling: Findings from the transportation, urban design, and planning literatures
    • Saelens B, Sallis J, Frank L. Environmental correlates of walking and cycling: Findings from the transportation, urban design, and planning literatures. Ann Behav Med. 2003; 25:80-91.
    • (2003) Ann Behav Med. , vol.25 , pp. 80-91
    • Saelens, B.1    Sallis, J.2    Frank, L.3
  • 98
    • 0141832781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood-based differences in physical activity: An environment scale evaluation
    • Saelens BE, Sallis JF, Black JB, Chen D. Neighborhood-based differences in physical activity: An environment scale evaluation. Am J Public Health. 2003; 93:1552-58.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health. , vol.93 , pp. 1552-58
    • Saelens, B.E.1    Sallis, J.F.2    Black, J.B.3    Chen, D.4
  • 99
    • 0002844691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Travel behavior as function of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area
    • Kockelman KM. Travel behavior as function of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area. Transportation Res Record. 1997; 1607:116-25.
    • (1997) Transportation Res Record. , vol.1607 , pp. 116-25
    • Kockelman, K.M.1
  • 100
    • 0036320703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the effect of the environment on physical activity: A study examining walking to work
    • Craig CL, Brownson RC, Cragg SE, Dunn AL. Exploring the effect of the environment on physical activity: A study examining walking to work. Am J Prev Med. 2002; 23(Suppl 2):36-43
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med. , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 36-43
    • Craig, C.L.1    Brownson, R.C.2    Cragg, S.E.3    Dunn, A.L.4
  • 101
  • 103
    • 1842696800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The benefits of better site design in commercial development
    • In Schueler TR, Holland HK, eds. Ellicott City, MD: Center for Watershed Protection
    • Zielinski J. The benefits of better site design in commercial development. In Schueler TR, Holland HK, eds., The practice of watershed protection. Ellicott City, MD: Center for Watershed Protection; 2000.
    • (2000) The Practice of Watershed Protection.
    • Zielinski, J.1
  • 105
    • 0011407723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifeline for a landscape: Baltimore-Washington area
    • Noble C. Lifeline for a landscape: Baltimore-Washington area. American Forests. 1999; 105:37-39.
    • (1999) American Forests. , vol.105 , pp. 37-39
    • Noble, C.1
  • 106
    • 0028483732 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the water balance for an undeveloped and a suburban catchment
    • Stephenson D. Comparison of the water balance for an undeveloped and a suburban catchment. Hydrological Sci J. 1994; 39:295-307.
    • (1994) Hydrological Sci J. , vol.39 , pp. 295-307
    • Stephenson, D.1
  • 107
    • 0034576147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing watershed-scale long-term hydrologic impacts of land-use change using a GIS-NPS model
    • Bhaduri B, Harbor J, Engel B, Grove M. Assessing watershed-scale long-term hydrologic impacts of land-use change using a GIS-NPS model. Environ Manage. 2000; 26:643-58.
    • (2000) Environ Manage. , vol.26 , pp. 643-58
    • Bhaduri, B.1    Harbor, J.2    Engel, B.3    Grove, M.4
  • 108
    • 0023776013 scopus 로고
    • Snowmelt runoff in suburban environments (Ontario, Canada)
    • Buttle, JM, Xu, F. Snowmelt runoff in suburban environments (Ontario, Canada). Nordic Hydrology. 1988; 19:19-40.
    • (1988) Nordic Hydrology. , vol.19 , pp. 19-40
    • Buttle, J.M.1    Xu, F.2
  • 109
    • 0018504073 scopus 로고
    • Urbanization and stream quality assessment
    • Klein, R. Urbanization and stream quality assessment. Water Resour Bull. 1979; 15:948-63.
    • (1979) Water Resour Bull. , vol.15 , pp. 948-63
    • Klein, R.1
  • 110
    • 0034105582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating runoff behavior in an urbanizing watershed
    • Brun SE, Band LE. Simulating runoff behavior in an urbanizing watershed. Comput Environ Urban Syst. 2000; 24:5-22.
    • (2000) Comput Environ Urban Syst. , vol.24 , pp. 5-22
    • Brun, S.E.1    Band, L.E.2
  • 111
    • 0030459584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impervious surface overage: The emergence of a key environmental indicator
    • Arnold CL, Gibbons CJ. Impervious surface overage: The emergence of a key environmental indicator. J Am Plann Assoc. 1996; 62:243-58.
    • (1996) J Am Plann Assoc. , vol.62 , pp. 243-58
    • Arnold, C.L.1    Gibbons, C.J.2
  • 113
    • 0034649790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments
    • Callender E, Rice KC. The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments. Environ Sci Technol. 2000; 34:232-38.
    • (2000) Environ Sci Technol. , vol.34 , pp. 232-38
    • Callender, E.1    Rice, K.C.2
  • 114
    • 0025922624 scopus 로고
    • Non-point source loadings of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon from an agricultural-suburban watershed in east central Florida
    • Dierberg FE. Non-point source loadings of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon from an agricultural-suburban watershed in east central Florida. Water Res. 1991; 25:363-74.
    • (1991) Water Res. , vol.25 , pp. 363-74
    • Dierberg, F.E.1
  • 116
    • 0024731193 scopus 로고
    • E. Coli and enterococci levels in urban stormwater, river water, and chlorinated treatment plant effluent
    • Gannon JJ, Musse MK. E. coli and enterococci levels in urban stormwater, river water, and chlorinated treatment plant effluent. Water Res. 1989; 23:1167-76.
    • (1989) Water Res. , vol.23 , pp. 1167-76
    • Gannon, J.J.1    Musse, M.K.2
  • 117
    • 0034907869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States 1948-1994
    • Curriero FC, Patz JA, Rose JB, Lele SD. The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1948-1994. Am J Public Health. 2001; 91:1194-99
    • (2001) Am J Public Health. , vol.91 , pp. 1194-99
    • Curriero, F.C.1    Patz, J.A.2    Rose, J.B.3    Lele, S.D.4
  • 119
    • 0011480208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond toxicity: The greening of environmental health
    • Frumkin H. Beyond toxicity: The greening of environmental health. Am J Prev Med. 2001; 20:47-53.
    • (2001) Am J Prev Med. , vol.20 , pp. 47-53
    • Frumkin, H.1
  • 130
    • 0001898827 scopus 로고
    • Transportation and well-being
    • In Altman I, Wohlwill JF, Everett PB, eds., Transportation and behavior, New York: Plenum Press
    • Stokols D, Novaco RW. Transportation and well-being. In Altman I, Wohlwill JF, Everett PB, eds., Human behavior and environment. Vol. 5, Transportation and behavior, pp. 85-130. New York: Plenum Press; 1981.
    • (1981) Human Behavior and Environment , vol.5 , pp. 85-130
    • Stokols, D.1    Novaco, R.W.2
  • 131
    • 0025407426 scopus 로고
    • Objective and subjective dimensions of travel impedance as determinants of commuting stress
    • Novaco R, Stokols D, Milanesi L. Objective and subjective dimensions of travel impedance as determinants of commuting stress. Am J Community Psychol. 1990; 18:231-57.
    • (1990) Am J Community Psychol. , vol.18 , pp. 231-57
    • Novaco, R.1    Stokols, D.2    Milanesi, L.3
  • 133
    • 0029929499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are occupational drivers at an increased risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders?
    • Magnusson ML, Pope MH, Wilder DG, Areskoug B. Are occupational drivers at an increased risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders? Spine. 1996; 21:710-17.
    • (1996) Spine. , vol.21 , pp. 710-17
    • Magnusson, M.L.1    Pope, M.H.2    Wilder, D.G.3    Areskoug, B.4
  • 136
    • 0016516410 scopus 로고
    • Naturalistic studies of aggressive behavior: Aggressive stimuli, victim visibility, and horn honking
    • Turner CW, Layton JF, Simons LS. Naturalistic studies of aggressive behavior: Aggressive stimuli, victim visibility, and horn honking. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1975; 31:1098-107.
    • (1975) J Pers Soc Psychol. , vol.31 , pp. 1098-107
    • Turner, C.W.1    Layton, J.F.2    Simons, L.S.3
  • 137
    • 84980139619 scopus 로고
    • The social psychology of driving behaviour and the traffic environment: Research on aggressive behavior in traffic
    • Hauber AR. The social psychology of driving behaviour and the traffic environment: Research on aggressive behavior in traffic. Int Rev Appl Psychol. 1980; 29:461-74.
    • (1980) Int Rev Appl Psychol. , vol.29 , pp. 461-74
    • Hauber, A.R.1
  • 140
    • 0004147621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety; March
    • Mizell L. Aggressive Driving. In Aggressive driving: Three studies. Washington, DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety; March 1997. www.aaafoundation.org/pdf/agdr3study.pdf.
    • (1997) Aggressive Driving: Three Studies
    • Mizell, L.1    Driving, A.2
  • 143
    • 0028071534 scopus 로고
    • Stress, violations, and accidents
    • Hartley L, el Hassani J. Stress, violations, and accidents. Appl Ergon. 1994; 25:221-30.
    • (1994) Appl Ergon. , vol.25 , pp. 221-30
    • Hartley, L.1    Hassani, J.2
  • 144
    • 0000313618 scopus 로고
    • Aggression on roadways
    • In Baenninger R, ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Novaco R. Aggression on roadways. In Baenninger R, ed., Targets of violence and aggression. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991.
    • (1991) Targets of Violence and Aggression
    • Novaco, R.1
  • 146
    • 0036489135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anger and aggression among drivers in three European countries
    • Parker D, Lajunen T, Summala H. Anger and aggression among drivers in three European countries. Accid Anal Prev. 2002; 34:229-35.
    • (2002) Accid Anal Prev. , vol.34 , pp. 229-35
    • Parker, D.1    Lajunen, T.2    Summala, H.3
  • 147
    • 33745095844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community
    • Putnam R. Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon & Schuster; 2000.
    • (2000) New York: Simon & Schuster
    • Putnam, R.1
  • 152
    • 0030795850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is Los Angeles-style sprawl desirable?
    • Ewing R. Is Los Angeles-style sprawl desirable? J Am Planning Assoc. 1997; 63:107-26.
    • (1997) J Am Planning Assoc. , vol.63 , pp. 107-26
    • Ewing, R.1
  • 157
    • 38949098575 scopus 로고
    • The structuring of social relationships engendered by suburban residence
    • Martin WT. The structuring of social relationships engendered by suburban residence. Am Sociol Rev. 1956; 21:446-53.
    • (1956) Am Sociol Rev. , vol.21 , pp. 446-53
    • Martin, W.T.1
  • 158
    • 0007147513 scopus 로고
    • The effect of commuting on participation in community organizations
    • Scaff AH. The effect of commuting on participation in community organizations. Am Sociol Rev. 1952; 17:215-20.
    • (1952) Am Sociol Rev. , vol.17 , pp. 215-20
    • Scaff, A.H.1
  • 162
    • 0004270682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Oliver JE. Democracy in suburbia. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2001.
    • (2001) Democracy In Suburbia
    • Oliver, J.E.1
  • 166
    • 0033378348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital and community effects on population and individual health
    • Kawachi I. Social capital and community effects on population and individual health. Ann N Y Acad Sci.1999; 896:120-30.
    • (1999) Ann N Y Acad Sci. , vol.896 , pp. 120-30
    • Kawachi, I.1
  • 167
    • 0029929618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Income distribution and mortality: Cross sectional ecological study of the Robin Hood index in the United States
    • Kennedy BP, Kawachi I, Prothrow-Stith D. Income distribution and mortality: Cross sectional ecological study of the Robin Hood index in the United States. BMJ. 1996; 312:1004-7.
    • (1996) BMJ. , vol.312 , pp. 1004-7
    • Kennedy, B.P.1    Kawachi, I.2    Prothrow-Stith, D.3
  • 168
    • 0031871752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Income inequality and mortality in metropolitan areas of the United States
    • Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Pamuk ER, et al. Income inequality and mortality in metropolitan areas of the United States. Am J Public Health. 1998; 88:1074-80.
    • (1998) Am J Public Health. , vol.88 , pp. 1074-80
    • Lynch, J.W.1    Kaplan, G.A.2    Pamuk, E.R.3
  • 169
    • 0034728856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Income inequality and mortality: Importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions
    • Lynch JW, Smith GD, Kaplan GA, House JS. Income inequality and mortality: Importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions. BMJ. 2000; 320; 1200-204.
    • (2000) BMJ. , vol.320 , pp. 1200-204
    • Lynch, J.W.1    Smith, G.D.2    Kaplan, G.A.3    House, J.S.4
  • 171
    • 0032932213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Income inequality and health: Pathways and mechanisms
    • Kawachi I, Kennedy BP. Income inequality and health: Pathways and mechanisms. Health Serv Res. 1999; 34:215-27.
    • (1999) Health Serv Res. , vol.34 , pp. 215-27
    • Kawachi, I.1    Kennedy, B.P.2
  • 174
    • 84898204186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface Transportation Policy Project. High Mileage Moms. Washington DC: Surface Transportation Policy Project; 1999.
    • Surface Transportation Policy Project. High mileage moms. Washington, DC: Surface Transportation Policy Project; 1999. www.transact.org/report.asp?id= 184.
  • 176
    • 3342895779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd Ed. Elk Grove Village IL: American Academy Of Pediatrics Committee On Environmental Health
    • Etzel RA, Balk SJ, eds. Pediatric Environmental Health. 2nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health; 2003.
    • (2003) Pediatric Environmental Health.
    • Etzel, R.A.1    Balk, S.J.2
  • 177
    • 0031036929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between lifetime ambient ozone exposure and pulmonary function in college freshmen: Results of a pilot study
    • Kunzli N, Lurmann F, Segal M, Ngo L, Balmes J, Tager IB. Association between lifetime ambient ozone exposure and pulmonary function in college freshmen: Results of a pilot study. Environmental Research. 1997; 72:8-23.
    • (1997) Environmental Research. , vol.72 , pp. 8-23
    • Kunzli, N.1    Lurmann, F.2    Segal, M.3    Ngo, L.4    Balmes, J.5    Tager, I.B.6
  • 178
    • 0037006397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: A cohort study
    • McConnell R, Berhane K, Gilliland F, et al. Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: A cohort study. Lancet. 2002; 359:386-91.
    • (2002) Lancet. , vol.359 , pp. 386-91
    • McConnell, R.1    Berhane, K.2    Gilliland, F.3
  • 179
    • 2942554887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity among U.S. Children adolescents and adults 1999-2002
    • Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Lurtin LR, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among U.S. children, adolescents and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA. 2004; 291:2847-50.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 2847-50
    • Hedley, A.A.1    Ogden, C.L.2    Johnson, C.L.3    Carroll, M.D.4    Lurtin, L.R.5    Flegal, K.M.6
  • 180
    • 0037048695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and trends in overweight among U.S. Children and adolescents 1999-2000
    • Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among U.S. children and adolescents, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002; 288:1728-32.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 1728-32
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Flegal, K.M.2    Carroll, M.D.3    Johnson, C.L.4
  • 181
    • 0031912265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health consequences of obesity in youth: Childhood predictors of adult disease
    • Dietz WH. Health consequences of obesity in youth: Childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics. 1998; 101:518-25.
    • (1998) Pediatrics. , vol.101 , pp. 518-25
    • Dietz, W.H.1
  • 183
    • 0030224216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental risk factors for childhood pedestrian injuries
    • Schieber RA, Thompson NJ. Developmental risk factors for childhood pedestrian injuries. Inj Prev. 1996; 2:228-36.
    • (1996) Inj Prev. , vol.2 , pp. 228-36
    • Schieber, R.A.1    Thompson, N.J.2
  • 185
    • 0034182374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children and the city: A summary of recent environmental psychology research
    • Spencer C, Woolley H. Children and the city: A summary of recent environmental psychology research. Child Care, Health, and Development. 2000; 26:181-98.
    • (2000) Child Care Health And Development. , vol.26 , pp. 181-98
    • Spencer, C.1    Woolley, H.2
  • 186
    • 0346747526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's experiences of "community": Implications of social capital discourses
    • In Swann C, Morgan A, eds. London: National Health Service, Health Development Agency
    • Morrow V. Children's experiences of "community": Implications of social capital discourses. In Swann C, Morgan A, eds., Social capital for health: Insights from qualitative research. London: National Health Service, Health Development Agency; 2002.
    • (2002) Social Capital for Health: Insights from Qualitative Research
    • Morrow, V.1
  • 187
    • 0035005716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social ecology of child health and well-being
    • Earls F, Carlson M. The social ecology of child health and well-being. Annu Rev Public Health. 2001; 22:143-66.
    • (2001) Annu Rev Public Health. , vol.22 , pp. 143-66
    • Earls, F.1    Carlson, M.2
  • 188
    • 0031745227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and physical activity for older adults
    • Mazzeo R, Cavanagh P, Evans W. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998; 30:992-1008.
    • (1998) Med Sci Sports Exerc. , vol.30 , pp. 992-1008
    • Mazzeo, R.1    Cavanagh, P.2    Evans, W.3
  • 189
    • 84920597904 scopus 로고
    • The spatial bias of federal housing law and policy: Concentrated poverty in urban America
    • Schill MH, Wachter SM. The spatial bias of federal housing law and policy: Concentrated poverty in urban America. Univ PA Law Rev. 1995; 143:1285-342.
    • (1995) Univ PA Law Rev. , vol.143 , pp. 1285-342
    • Schill, M.H.1    Wachter, S.M.2
  • 190
    • 84962992971 scopus 로고
    • Housing segregation, Negro employment, and metropolitan decentralization
    • Kain JF. Housing segregation, Negro employment, and metropolitan decentralization. Q J Econ. 1968; 82:175-97.
    • (1968) Q J Econ. , vol.82 , pp. 175-97
    • Kain, J.F.1
  • 191
    • 0039180378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sprawl, concentration of poverty, and urban inequality
    • In Squires GD, ed. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press
    • Jargowsky PA. Sprawl, concentration of poverty, and urban inequality. In Squires GD, ed., Urban sprawl: Causes, consequences, and policy responses. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press; 2002.
    • (2002) Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, and Policy Responses
    • Jargowsky, P.A.1
  • 194
    • 0033597675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedestrian fatalities: Cobb dekalb fulton and gwinnett counties georgia 1994-98
    • Hanzlick R, McGowan D, Havlak J, et al. Pedestrian fatalities: Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton, and Gwinnett Counties, Georgia, 1994-98. MMWR. 1999; 48:601-5.
    • (1999) MMWR. , vol.48 , pp. 601-5
    • Hanzlick, R.1    McGowan, D.2    Havlak, J.3
  • 195
    • 0011458162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedestrian deaths reveal O.C.'s car culture clash: Safety; Latinos, 28% of Orange County's population, are victims in 40% of walking injuries, 43% of deaths
    • Marosi R. 1999. Pedestrian deaths reveal O.C.'s car culture clash: Safety; Latinos, 28% of Orange County's population, are victims in 40% of walking injuries, 43% of deaths. Los Angeles Times. 1999 Nov 28:A1.
    • (1999) Los Angeles Times. 1999 Nov , vol.28
    • Marosi, R.1
  • 196
    • 23544456366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatalities higher for Latino pedestrians: Area's Hispanic immigrants apt to walk but unaccustomed to urban traffic
    • Aug
    • Moreno S, Sipress A. Fatalities higher for Latino pedestrians: Area's Hispanic immigrants apt to walk but unaccustomed to urban traffic. Washington Post. 1999 Aug 27: A01.
    • (1999) Washington Post. , vol.27
    • Moreno, S.1    Sipress, A.2
  • 197
    • 33645730225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Report To The National Cooperative Highway Research Program Transportation Research Board. Washington DC: National Research Council; May
    • Barlow JM, Bentzen BL, Tabor LS, et al. Accessible pedestrian signals: Synthesis and guide to best practice; A report to the National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC: National Research Council; May 2003.
    • (2003) Accessible Pedestrian Signals: Synthesis And Guide To Best Practice
    • Barlow, J.M.1    Bentzen, B.L.2    Tabor, L.S.3
  • 198
    • 0008791852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Transportation Engineers Technical Committee 5A-5, Washington, DC: Institute of Transportation Engineers
    • Institute of Transportation Engineers Technical Committee 5A-5. Design and safety of pedestrian facilities. Washington, DC: Institute of Transportation Engineers; 1998.
    • (1998) Design and Safety of Pedestrian Facilities.
  • 199
    • 0003929240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Association Of State Highway And Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 4th Ed. Publication GDHS-4. Washington DC: AASHTO
    • American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). A policy on geometric design of highways and streets. 4th ed. Publication GDHS-4. Washington, DC: AASHTO; 2001.
    • (2001) A Policy On Geometric Design Of Highways And Streets
  • 204
    • 0003545437 scopus 로고
    • World Commission On Environment And Development. New York: Oxford University Press
    • World Commission on Environment and Development. Our common future. New York: Oxford University Press; 1987.
    • (1987) Our Common Future.
  • 206
    • 84898270081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belfast Declaration for Healthy Cities. The power of local action. Adopted October 22, 2003.
    • Belfast Declaration for Healthy Cities. The power of local action. Adopted October 22, 2003. www.healthycitiesbelfast2003.com/Belfast/ BelfastDeclarationFinalUK. pdf.
  • 207
    • 0033879552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The healthy communities movement and the coalition for healthier cities and communities
    • Norris T, Pittman M. The Healthy Communities movement and the Coalition for Healthier Cities and Communities. Public Health Rep. 2000; 115:118-24.
    • (2000) Public Health Rep. , vol.115 , pp. 118-24
    • Norris, T.1    Pittman, M.2
  • 208
    • 84898377999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local Government Commission, Awhahnee Principles. 1991.
    • Local Government Commission. Awhahnee Principles. 1991. www.lgc.org/ahwahnee/principles.html.
  • 211
    • 84898219185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congress For The New Urbanism. New York: McGraw Hill
    • Congress for the New Urbanism. Charter for the new urbanism. New York: McGraw Hill; 2000.
    • (2000) Charter For The New Urbanism.
  • 213
    • 0003468190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press
    • Katz B, ed. Reflections on regionalism. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; 2000.
    • (2000) Reflections On Regionalism.
    • Katz, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.