The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity

Journal of the American Medical Association

Volumn 282, Issue 16, 1999, Pages 1523-1529

  Must, Aviva ^a,b   Spadano, Jennifer ^b   Coakley, Eugenie H ^c   Field, Alison E ^d   Colditz, Graham ^c,d   Dietz, William H ^e,f  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^e TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^f NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CHRONIC DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; GALLBLADDER DISEASE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; OSTEOARTHRITIS; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; BODY WEIGHT; CHRONIC DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; COST OF ILLNESS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORBIDITY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OBESITY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0032742418     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.282.16.1523     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation presented at: the World Health Organization; June 3-5, 1997; Geneva, Switzerland. Publication WHO/NUT/NCD/98.1.
2. World Health Organization MONICA Project: risk factors. Int J Epidemiol. 1989;18(suppl 1):S46-S55.
3. Popkin BM, Drewnowksi A. Dietary fats and the nutrition transition: new trends in the global diet. Nutr Rev. 1997;55:31-43
4. Flegal MD, Carroll RJ, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998;22:39-47.
5. Burton BT, Foster WR, Hirsch J, Vanitallie TB. Health implications of obesity: NIH consensus development conference. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1985;9: 155-169.
6. Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. Race, education and prevalence of hypertension. Am J Epidemiol. 1977;106:351-361.
7. Wienpahl J, Ragland DR, Sidney S. Body mass index and 15-year mortality in a cohort of black men and women. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43:949-960.
8. Stevens J, Keil JE, Rust PF, Tyroler HA, Davis CE, Gazes PC. Body mass index and body girths as predictors of mortality in black and white women. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1257-1262.
9. Stevens J, Plankey MW, Williamson DF, et al. The body mass index-mortality relationship in white and African American women. Obes Res. 1998;6:268-277.
10. Savage PJ, Harlan HR. Racial and ethnic diversity in obesity and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease: implications for studies and treatment. Ethn Dis. 1991;1:200-211.
11. NHLBI Obesity Task Force. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults - the evidence report. Obes Res. 1998;6(suppl 2):51S-209S.
12. US Department of Agriculture. US Department of Health and Human Services, Dietary Guidelines for Americans: 4th ed. Washington, DC: US Dept of Agriculture; 1995. Home and Garden Bulletin No. 232
13. US Department of Agriculture. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on Dietary Guidelines for Americans, to the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, DC: US Dept of Agriculture; 1995.
14. Ernst ND, Obarzanek E, Clark MB, Briefel RR, Brown CD, Donato K. Cardiovascular health risks related to overweight. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997;97(suppl 7):S47-S51.
15. Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, et al. Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in US adults. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:518-524.
16. Burt VL, Cutler JA, Higgins M, et al. Trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the adult US population. Hypertension. 1995;26:60-69.
17. Sundquist J, Winkleby MA. Cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican American adults: a transcultural analysis of NHANES III, 1988-1994. Am J Public Health. 1999;89:723-730.
18. Winkleby MA, Robinson TN, Sundquist J, Kraemer HC. Ethnic variation in cardiovascular disease risk factors among children and young adults. JAMA. 1999; 281:1006-1013.
19. National Center for Health Statistics. Plan and operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Vital Health Stat 1. 1994;32:1-407.
20. National Center for Health Statistics. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-94: Plan and Operations Procedures Manuals [CD-ROM]. Hyattsville, Md: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1996.
21. US Department of Health and Human Services. Laboratory Procedures Used by NHANES III. Washington, DC: US Deptof Health and Human Services; 1996.
22. Rose GA, Blackburn H, Cardiovascular Survey Methods. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization WHO Publications; 1982.
23. Shah BV, Barnwell BC, Bieler GS. SUDAAN User's Manual: Software for Analysis of Correlated Data. Release 6.04. Research Triangle Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute; 1995.
24. Zhang J, Vu KF. What's the relative risk? a method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes. JAMA. 1998;280:1690-1691.
25. Schwartz LM, Wolosin S, Black WC, Welch HG. The role of numeracy in understanding the benefit of screening mammography. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:966-972.
26. Hanson RL, Narayan KMV, McCance DR, et al. Rate of weight gain, weight fluctuation and incidence of NIDDM. Diabetes. 1995;43:261-266.
27. Colditz GA, Willett WC, Rotnitsky A, Manson JE. Weight gain as a risk factor for clinical diabetes mellitus in women. Ann Intern Med. 1995;122:481-486.
28. Huang Z, Willett WC, Manson JE, Colditz GA. Body weight, weight change, and hypertension in women. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:81-88.
29. Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Larsson B, Pennert K, Rybo E, Sjostrom L. Distribution of adipose tissue and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a 12-year follow up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. BMJ. 1984;289: 1257-1261.
30. Willett WC, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, et al. Weight, weight change, and coronary heart disease in women: risk within the "normal" weight range. JAMA. 1995;273:461-465.
31. Folsom AR, Kaye SA, Sellers TA, et al. Body fat distribution and 5-year risk of death in older women. JAMA. 1993;269:483-487.
32. Zillikens MC, Conway JM. Anthropometry in blacks: applicability of generalized skinfold equations and differences in fat patterning between blacks and whites. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:45-51.
33. Kumanyika S. Obesity in black women. Epidemiol Rev. 1987;9:31-50.
34. Lee J, Kolonel LN. Are body mass indices interchangeable in measuring obesity-disease relationships? Am J Public Health. 1984;74:376-377.
35. Stevens J, Jianwen C, Pamuk ER, Williamson DF, Thun MJ, Woods JL. The effect of age on the association between body-mass index and mortality. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1-7.
36. Kassirer JP, Angell M. Losing weight: an ill-fated New Year's resolution. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1-7.
37. Andres R, Muller DC, Sorkin JD. Long-term effects of change in body weight on all-cause mortality: a review. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119:737-743.
38. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci E, et al. Body size and fat distribution as predictors of coronary heart disease among middle-aged and older US men. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;141:1117-1127.
39. Forbes GB, Reina JC. Adult lean body mass declines with age: some longitudinal observations. Metabolism. 1970;19:653-661.