메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 106, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2011, Pages

An evidence-based systematic review on medical therapies for inflammatory bowel disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; BIOLOGICAL FACTOR; BUDESONIDE; CIPROFLOXACIN; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOSPORIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; MERCAPTOPURINE; MESALAZINE; METRONIDAZOLE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY;

EID: 79953805710     PISSN: 00029270     EISSN: 15720241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2011.58     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (270)

References (320)
  • 1
    • 70949107842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease
    • Abraham C, Cho JH. Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2066-78.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , pp. 2066-78
    • Abraham, C.1    Cho, J.H.2
  • 3
    • 72949108712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress coping, distress, and health perceptions in inflammatory bowel disease and community controls
    • Graff LA, Walker JR, Clara I et al. Stress coping, distress, and health perceptions in inflammatory bowel disease and community controls. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 2959-69.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , pp. 2959-69
    • Graff, L.A.1    Walker, J.R.2    Clara, I.3
  • 4
    • 72949110191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological adjustment to inflammatory bowel disease: The importance of considering disease activity
    • Sirois FM. Psychological adjustment to inflammatory bowel disease: the importance of considering disease activity. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 2970-2.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , pp. 2970-2
    • Sirois, F.M.1
  • 5
    • 39649121068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time trends of physician visits for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in the United States, 1960-2006
    • DOI 10.1002/ibd.20273
    • Sonnenberg A, Chang J. Time trends of physician visits for Crohn ' s disease and ulcerative colitis in the United State, 1960-2006. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14: 249-52. (Pubitemid 351288047)
    • (2008) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-252
    • Sonnenberg, A.1    Chang, J.2
  • 6
    • 65549118306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospitalization for inflammatory bowel disease in the United States between 1970 and 2004
    • Sonnenberg A. Hospitalization for inflammatory bowel disease in the United States between 1970 and 2004. J Clin Gastroenterol 2009; 43: 297-300.
    • (2009) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.43 , pp. 297-300
    • Sonnenberg, A.1
  • 7
    • 57249103566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct health care costs of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in US children and adults
    • Kappelman MD, Rifas-Shiman SL, Porter C et al. Direct health care costs of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in US children and adults. Gastroenterology 2008; 135: 1907-13.
    • (2008) Gastroenterology , vol.135 , pp. 1907-13
    • Kappelman, M.D.1    Rifas-Shiman, S.L.2    Porter, C.3
  • 8
    • 77949271455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee
    • Kornbluth A, Sachar DB. Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 501-23.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 501-23
    • Kornbluth, A.1    Sachar, D.B.2
  • 10
    • 84921429905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
    • Art. No.: CD000301. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000301
    • Steinhart AH, Ewe K, Griffi ths AM et al. Corticosteroids for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000301. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000301.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Steinhart, A.H.1    Ewe, K.2    Griffiths, A.M.3
  • 11
    • 77950150465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD003574. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003574.pub2
    • Akobeng AK, Zachos M. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003574. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003574.pub2.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Akobeng, A.K.1    Zachos, M.2
  • 13
    • 49349117017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in a Northern California managed care organization, 1996-2002
    • Herrington LJ, Liu L, Lewis JD et al. Incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in a Northern California managed care organization, 1996-2002. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 1998-2006.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 1998-2006
    • Herrington, L.J.1    Liu, L.2    Lewis, J.D.3
  • 17
    • 0030451868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: Is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European collaborative study on inflammatory bowel disease (EC-IBD)
    • Shivananda S, Lennard-Jones J, Logan R et al. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: is there a diff erence between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (EC-IBD). Gut 1996; 39: 690-7. (Pubitemid 26426470)
    • (1996) Gut , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 690-697
    • Shivananda, S.1    Lennard-Jones, J.2    Logan, R.3    Fear, N.4    Price, A.5    Carpenter, L.6    Van Blankenstein, M.7
  • 19
    • 59749102774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence, and disease characteristics in Barbados, West Indies
    • Edwards CN, Griffi th SG, Hennis AJ et al. Inflammatory bowel disease: incidence, prevalence, and disease characteristics in Barbados, West Indies. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008; 14: 1419-24.
    • (2008) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.14 , pp. 1419-24
    • Edwards, C.N.1    Griffith, S.G.2    Hennis, A.J.3
  • 21
    • 1542619845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Puerto Rico
    • DOI 10.1097/00054725-200403000-00007
    • Appleyard CB, Hernandez G, Rios-Bedoya CF. Basic epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Puerto Rico. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004; 10: 106-11. (Pubitemid 38332169)
    • (2004) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 106-111
    • Appleyard, C.B.1    Hernandez, G.2    Rios-Bedoya, C.F.3
  • 22
    • 0033959385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease in Iceland, 1990-1994: A prospective, nationwide, epidemiological study
    • Bjornsson S, Johannsson JH. Inflammatory bowel disease in Iceland, 1990 - 1994: a prospective, nationwide, epidemiological study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 12: 31-8. (Pubitemid 30072102)
    • (2000) European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-38
    • Bjornsson, S.1    Johannsson, J.H.2
  • 23
    • 51449106114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's disease in Tuzla region of Bosnia and Herzegovina: A 12 year study (1995-2006)
    • Pavlovic-Calic N, Salkic NN, Gegic A et al. Crohn's disease in Tuzla region of Bosnia and Herzegovina: a 12 year study (1995-2006). Int J Colorectal Dis 2008; 23: 957-64.
    • (2008) Int J Colorectal Dis , vol.23 , pp. 957-64
    • Pavlovic-Calic, N.1    Salkic, N.N.2    Gegic, A.3
  • 28
    • 33646855759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases increasing in Eastern Europe?
    • DOI 10.1136/pgmj.2005.042416
    • Lakatos L, Lakatos PL. Is the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases increasing in Eastern Europe? Postgrad Med J 2006; 82: 332-7. (Pubitemid 43780664)
    • (2006) Postgraduate Medical Journal , vol.82 , Issue.967 , pp. 332-337
    • Lakatos, L.1    Lakatos, P.L.2
  • 30
    • 31144475888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's disease in Stockholm County during 1990-2001: An epidemiological update
    • Lapidus A. Crohn's disease in Stockholm County during 1990-2001: an epidemiological update. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006; 12: 75-81. (Pubitemid 43126087)
    • (2006) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-81
    • Lapidus, A.1
  • 31
    • 4644227888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology and phenotype of Crohn's disease in the Chinese population
    • DOI 10.1097/00054725-200409000-00022
    • Leong RWL, Lau JY, Sung JJY. Th e epidemiology and phenotype of Crohn's disease in the Chinese population. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004; 10: 646-51. (Pubitemid 39276475)
    • (2004) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 646-651
    • Leong, R.W.L.1    Lau, J.Y.2    Sung, J.J.Y.3
  • 32
    • 33645097342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographical variations of inflammatory bowel disease in France: A study based on national health insurance data
    • Nerich V, Monnet E, Louafi S et al. Geographical variations of inflammatory bowel disease in France: a study based on national health insurance data. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2006; 12: 218-26.
    • (2006) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.12 , pp. 218-26
    • Nerich, V.1    Monnet, E.2    Louafi, S.3
  • 34
    • 58149289964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in a rural region of Southern Germany: A prospective populationbased study
    • Ott C, Obermeier F, Th ieler S et al. Th e incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in a rural region of Southern Germany: a prospective populationbased study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 20: 917-23.
    • (2008) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.20 , pp. 917-23
    • Ott, C.1    Obermeier, F.2    Thieler, S.3
  • 37
    • 0034949570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease in Estonia: A prospective epidemiologic study 1993-1998
    • Salupere R. Inflammatory bowel disease in Estonia: a prospective epidemiologic study 1993-1998. World J Gastroenterol 2001; 7: 387-8. (Pubitemid 32586525)
    • (2001) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 387-388
    • Salupere, R.1
  • 38
    • 58149390157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia
    • Th ia KT, Loft us EV, Sandborn WJ et al. An update on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 3167-82.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 3167-82
    • Thia, K.T.1    Loft Us, E.V.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 39
    • 0029956085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in the province of Liege (Belgium)
    • Latour P, Belaiche J, Louis E. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in the province of Liege (Belgium). Acta Gastroenterol Belg 1996; 59: 3-6.
    • (1996) Acta Gastroenterol Belg , vol.59 , pp. 3-6
    • Latour, P.1    Belaiche, J.2    Louis, E.3
  • 41
    • 66449106354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel diseases, in Midwestern of Sao Paulo State, Brazil
    • Victoria CR, Sassaki LY, Nunes HR. Incidence and prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel diseases, in Midwestern of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Arq Gastroenterol 2009; 46: 20-5.
    • (2009) Arq Gastroenterol , vol.46 , pp. 20-5
    • Victoria, C.R.1    Sassaki, L.Y.2    Nunes, H.R.3
  • 43
    • 0033785374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's disease in Japan: Diagnostic criteria and epidemiology
    • Yao T, Matsui T, Hiwatashi N. Crohn's disease in Japan: diagnostic criteria and epidemiology. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43 (Suppl): 885-93.
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 885-93
    • Yao, T.1    Matsui, T.2    Hiwatashi, N.3
  • 44
    • 33644826707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's disease in mainland China: A systematic analysis of 50 years of research
    • Zheng JJ, Zhu XS, Huangfu Z et al. Crohn's disease in mainland China: a systematic analysis of 50 years of research. Chin J Dig Dis 2005; 6: 175-81.
    • (2005) Chin J Dig Dis , vol.6 , pp. 175-81
    • Zheng, J.J.1    Zhu, X.S.2    Huangfu, Z.3
  • 46
    • 0242361161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Punjab, North India
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.52.11.1587
    • Sood A, Midha V, Sood N et al. Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Punjab, North India. Gut 2003; 52: 1587-90. (Pubitemid 37363442)
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , Issue.11 , pp. 1587-1590
    • Sood, A.1    Midha, V.2    Sood, N.3    Bhatia, A.S.4    Avasthi, G.5
  • 47
    • 0030918644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis in Oman. A prospective study of the incidence and disease pattern from 1987 to 1994
    • Radhakrishnan S, Zubaidi G, Daniel M et al. Ulcerative colitis in Oman. A prospective study of the incidence and disease pattern from 1987 to 1994. Digestion 1997; 58: 266-70. (Pubitemid 27270192)
    • (1997) Digestion , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 266-270
    • Radhakrishnan, S.1    Zubaidi, G.2    Daniel, M.3    Sachdev, G.K.4    Mohan, A.N.5
  • 48
    • 37549018485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of Crohn's disease in Cardiff over the last 75 years: An update for 1996-2005
    • Gunesh S, Th omas GAO, Williams GT et al. Th e incidence of Crohn's disease in Cardiff over the last 75 years: an update for 1996-2005. Aliment Pharmacol Th er 2008; 27: 211-9.
    • (2008) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.27 , pp. 211-9
    • Gunesh, S.1    Gao, T.2    Williams, G.T.3
  • 49
  • 50
    • 50649119301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis
    • Cornish JA, Tan E, Simillis C et al. Th e risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2394-400.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2394-400
    • Cornish, J.A.1    Tan, E.2    Simillis, C.3
  • 51
    • 68349157701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in Asians, Hispanics, and African Americans: A systematic review
    • Hou JK, El-Serag H, Th irumurthi S. Distribution and manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in Asians, Hispanics, and African Americans: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 2100-9.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , pp. 2100-9
    • Hou, J.K.1    El-Serag, H.2    Thirumurthi, S.3
  • 53
    • 50649101264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive smoking and inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis
    • Jones DT, Osterman MT, Bewtra M et al. Passive smoking and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2382-93.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2382-93
    • Jones, D.T.1    Osterman, M.T.2    Bewtra, M.3
  • 55
    • 55349129210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of developing Crohn ' s disease aft er an appendectomy: A meta-analysis
    • Kaplan GG, Jackson T, Sands BE et al. The risk of developing Crohn ' s disease aft er an appendectomy: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2925-31.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2925-31
    • Kaplan, G.G.1    Jackson, T.2    Sands, B.E.3
  • 56
    • 0033989184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendectomy and the development of ulcerative colitis: Results of a metaanalysis of published case-control studies
    • DOI 10.1016/S0002-9270(99)00739-X, PII S000292709900739X
    • Koutroubakis IE, Vlachonikolis IG. Appendectomy and the development of ulcerative colitis: results of a metaanalysis of published case-control studies. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 171-6. (Pubitemid 30041554)
    • (2000) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.95 , Issue.1 , pp. 171-176
    • Koutroubakis, I.E.1    Vlachonikolis, I.G.2
  • 57
    • 0033773642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concordance of inflammatory bowel disease among Danish twins. Results of a nationwide study
    • Orholm M, Binder V, S ø rensen TI et al. Concordance of inflammatory bowel disease among Danish twins. Results of a nationwide study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35: 1075-81.
    • (2000) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.35 , pp. 1075-81
    • Orholm, M.1    Binder, V.2    Sørensen, T.I.3
  • 59
    • 11144279151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of NOD2 variants on Crohn's disease risk and phenotype in diverse populations: A metaanalysis
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40304.x
    • Economou M, Trikalinos TA, Loizou KT et al. Diff erential eff ects of NOD2 variants on Crohn's disease risk and phenotype in diverse populations: a metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2004; 99: 2393-404. (Pubitemid 40039371)
    • (2004) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.99 , Issue.12 , pp. 2393-2404
    • Economou, M.1    Trikalinos, T.A.2    Loizou, K.T.3    Tsianos, E.V.4    Ioannidis, J.P.A.5
  • 60
    • 2942625911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between commensal intestinal bacteria and the immune system
    • Macpherson AJ, Harris NL. Interactions between commensal intestinal bacteria and the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2004; 4: 478-85. (Pubitemid 38745559)
    • (2004) Nature Reviews Immunology , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 478-485
    • Macpherson, A.J.1    Harris, N.L.2
  • 61
    • 33646381327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute Gastroenteritis Is Followed by an Increased Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    • DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.02.004, PII S0016508506002629
    • Garcia Rodriguez LA, Ruigomez A, Panes J. Acute gastroenteritis is followed by an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 1588-94. (Pubitemid 43668828)
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , Issue.6 , pp. 1588-1594
    • Rodriguez, L.A.G.1    Ruigomez, A.2    Panes, J.3
  • 62
    • 67650973314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased short- and longterm risk of inflammatory bowel disease aft er salmonella or campylobacter gastroenteritis
    • Gradel KO, Nielsen HL, Sch ø nheyder HC et al. Increased short- and longterm risk of inflammatory bowel disease aft er salmonella or campylobacter gastroenteritis. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 495-501.
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.137 , pp. 495-501
    • Gradel, K.O.1    Nielsen, H.L.2    Schønheyder, H.C.3
  • 63
    • 77950251400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
    • MetaHIT Consortium
    • Qin J, Li R, Raes J, et al., MetaHIT Consortium. A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature 2010; 464: 59-65.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , pp. 59-65
    • Qin, J.1    Li, R.2    Raes, J.3
  • 68
    • 0026583866 scopus 로고
    • Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study
    • Persson PG, Ahlbom A, Hellers G. Diet and inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study. Epidemiology 1992; 3: 47-52.
    • (1992) Epidemiology , vol.3 , pp. 47-52
    • Persson, P.G.1    Ahlbom, A.2    Hellers, G.3
  • 69
    • 77957844761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal protein intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: The E3N Prospective Study
    • Jantchou P, Morois S, Clavel-Chapelon F et al. Animal protein intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: The E3N Prospective Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 2195-201.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 2195-201
    • Jantchou, P.1    Morois, S.2    Clavel-Chapelon, F.3
  • 70
    • 0024417450 scopus 로고
    • Hay fever, hygiene, and household size
    • Strachan DP. Hay fever, hygiene, and the household size. BMJ 1989; 299: 1259-60. (Pubitemid 19280051)
    • (1989) British Medical Journal , vol.299 , Issue.6710 , pp. 1259-1260
    • Strachan, D.P.1
  • 71
    • 15344347933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increasing prevalence of Crohn's disease in industrialized societies: The price of progress?
    • Wells RW, Blennerhassett MG. The increasing prevalence of Crohn's disease in industrialized societies: the price of progress? Can J Gastroenterol 2005; 19: 89-95. (Pubitemid 40392722)
    • (2005) Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-95
    • Wells, R.W.1    Blennerhassett, M.G.2
  • 72
    • 76149146005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-based cases control study of inflammatory bowel disease risk factors
    • Gearry RB, Richardson AK, Frampton CM et al. Population-based cases control study of inflammatory bowel disease risk factors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25: 325-33.
    • (2010) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.25 , pp. 325-33
    • Gearry, R.B.1    Richardson, A.K.2    Frampton, C.M.3
  • 73
    • 33749024165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population-based ecologic study of inflammatory bowel disease: Searching for etiologic clues
    • DOI 10.1093/aje/kwj260
    • Green C, Elliott L, Beaudoin C et al. A population-based ecologic study of inflammatory bowel disease: searching for etiologic clues. Am J Epidemiol 2006; 164: 615-23. (Pubitemid 44453488)
    • (2006) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.164 , Issue.7 , pp. 615-623
    • Green, C.1    Elliott, L.2    Beaudoin, C.3    Bernstein, C.N.4
  • 74
    • 50649095723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood hygiene is associated with the risk for inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based study
    • Klement E, Lysy J, Hoshen M et al. Childhood hygiene is associated with the risk for inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 1775-82.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 1775-82
    • Klement, E.1    Lysy, J.2    Hoshen, M.3
  • 76
    • 33646585451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • True or false? the hygiene hypothesis for Crohn ' s disease
    • Lashner BA, Loft us EV Jr. True or false? The hygiene hypothesis for Crohn ' s disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 10: 1003-4.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.10 , pp. 1003-4
    • Lashner, B.A.1    Loftus Jr., E.V.2
  • 77
    • 33749001712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited commentary: Clues to the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease - A return to John Snow?
    • DOI 10.1093/aje/kwj261
    • Moayyedi P. Clues to the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease-a return to John Snow? Am J Epidemiol 2006; 164: 624-6. (Pubitemid 44453489)
    • (2006) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.164 , Issue.7 , pp. 624-626
    • Moayyedi, P.1
  • 78
    • 58149388237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eff ects of adalimumab maintenance therapy on health-related quality of life of patients with Crohn ' s disease: Patient-reported outcomes of the CHARM trial
    • Loft us EV, Feagan BG, Colombel JF et al. Eff ects of adalimumab maintenance therapy on health-related quality of life of patients with Crohn ' s disease: patient-reported outcomes of the CHARM trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 3132-41.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 3132-41
    • Loftus, E.V.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Colombel, J.F.3
  • 79
    • 36549074568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health-related quality of life during natalizumab maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01508.x
    • Feagan BG, Sandborn WJ, Hass S et al. Health-related quality of life during natalizumab maintenance therapy for Crohn ' s disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 2737-46. (Pubitemid 350179328)
    • (2007) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.102 , Issue.12 , pp. 2737-2746
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Hass, S.3    Niecko, T.4    White, J.5
  • 80
    • 39149120115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD000478. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000478.pub2
    • Timmer A, McDonald JWD, MacDonald JK. Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD000478. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000478.pub2.
    • (2007) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Timmer, A.1    Jwd, M.2    MacDonald, J.K.3
  • 81
    • 84921430591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD000545. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000545
    • Sandborn WJ, Sutherland LR, Pearson D et al. Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1998, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000545. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000545.
    • (1998) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Sutherland, L.R.2    Pearson, D.3
  • 82
    • 67650416300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD000067. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000067.pub2
    • Prefontaine E, Sutherland LR, MacDonald JK et al. Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD000067. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD000067.pub2.
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Prefontaine, E.1    Sutherland, L.R.2    MacDonald, J.K.3
  • 83
    • 55049141209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD000296. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000296.pub3
    • Seow CH, Benchimol EI, Griffi ths AM et al. Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000296. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000296.pub3.
    • (2008) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Seow, C.H.1    Benchimol, E.I.2    Griffiths, A.M.3
  • 84
    • 67650681039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD002913. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002913.pub2
    • Benchimol EI, Seow CH, Otley AR et al. Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002913. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002913.pub2.
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Benchimol, E.I.1    Seow, C.H.2    Otley, A.R.3
  • 85
    • 18944406360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin A for induction of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD004277. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004277.pub2
    • Shibolet O, Regushevskaya E, Brezis M et al. Cyclosporin A for induction of remission in severe ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004277. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004277.pub2.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Shibolet, O.1    Regushevskaya, E.2    Brezis, M.3
  • 86
    • 21844432703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD000297. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000297.pub2
    • McDonald JWD, Feagan BG, Jewell DP et al. Cyclosporin for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000297. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000297.pub2.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Jwd, M.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Jewell, D.P.3
  • 87
    • 0037268202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD003459. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003459.pub2
    • Alfadhli AAF, McDonald JWD, Feagan BG. Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003459. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003459.pub2.
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Aaf, A.1    Jwd, M.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 88
    • 44949124528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD006618.pub2
    • Chande N, MacDonald JK, McDonald JWD. Methotrexate for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006618. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006618.pub2. (Pubitemid 351805294)
    • (2007) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.4
    • Chande, N.1    MacDonald, J.K.2    McDonald, J.W.D.3
  • 89
  • 90
    • 33745042439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD000543 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000543.pub2
    • Sutherland LR, MacDonald JK. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000543. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000543.pub2.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Sutherland, L.R.1    MacDonald, J.K.2
  • 91
    • 21344472474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD003715 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003715.pub2
    • Akobeng AK, Gardener E. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003715. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003715.pub2.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Akobeng, A.K.1    Gardener, E.2
  • 92
    • 33745042439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD000544 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000544.pub2
    • Sutherland LR, MacDonald JK. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD000544. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000544.pub2.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Sutherland, L.R.1    MacDonald, J.K.2
  • 93
    • 44949173162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease
    • Art. No.: CD006792 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006792. pub2
    • Benchimol EI, Seow CH, Steinhart AH et al. Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD006792. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006792. pub2.
    • (2008) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Benchimol, E.I.1    Seow, C.H.2    Steinhart, A.H.3
  • 94
    • 44849131569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for maintenace of remission in Crohn's disease
    • DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD006893
    • Behm BW, Bickston SJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for maintenace of remission in Crohn ' s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, Issue .Art. No.: CD006893. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006893 (Pubitemid 351807740)
    • (2008) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.1
    • Behm, B.W.1    Bickston, S.J.2
  • 95
    • 33750105599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD005112 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005112.pub2
    • Lawson MM, Th omas AG, Akobeng AK. Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005112. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005112.pub2.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Lawson, M.M.1    Thomas, A.G.2    Akobeng, A.K.3
  • 96
    • 54049133777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tacrolimus (FK506) for induction of remission in refractory ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No.: CD007216 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007216
    • Baumgart DC, MacDonald JK, Feagan B. Tacrolimus (FK506) for induction of remission in refractory ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007216. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007216.
    • (2008) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Baumgart, D.C.1    MacDonald, J.K.2    Feagan, B.3
  • 97
    • 76349096266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Errors in the conduct of systematic reviews of pharmacological interventions for irritable bowel syndrome
    • Ford AC, Guyatt GH, Talley NJ et al. Errors in the conduct of systematic reviews of pharmacological interventions for irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 280-8.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 280-8
    • Ford, A.C.1    Guyatt, G.H.2    Talley, N.J.3
  • 98
    • 67649537590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evidence-based systematic review on the management of irritable bowel syndrome
    • Brandt LJ, Chey WD, Foxx-Orenstein AE et al. An evidence-based systematic review on the management of irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104 (Suppl 1): S1-S35.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Brandt, L.J.1    Chey, W.D.2    Foxx-Orenstein, A.E.3
  • 99
    • 79953770843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of 5-aminosalicylates in ulcerative colitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Ford AC, Achkar JP, Khan KJ et al. Effi cacy of 5-aminosalicylates in ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 601-616.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 601-616
    • Ford, A.C.1    Achkar, J.P.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 100
    • 79953788479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of 5-aminosalicylates in Crohn's disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Ford AC, Kane SV, Khan KJ et al. Effi cacy of 5-aminosalicylates in Crohn's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2011; 106: 617-29.
    • (2011) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 617-29
    • Ford, A.C.1    Kane, S.V.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 101
    • 79953777773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticosteroide therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Ford AC, Bernstein CN, Khan KJ et al. Glucocorticosteroide therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 590-99.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 590-99
    • Ford, A.C.1    Bernstein, C.N.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 102
    • 79953778809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Khan KJ, Dubinsky MC, Ford AC et al. Effi cacy of immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis . Am J Gastroenterology 2011; 106: 630-42.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 630-42
    • Khan, K.J.1    Dubinsky, M.C.2    Ford, A.C.3
  • 103
    • 79953801792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of biological therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Ford AC, Sandborn WJ, Khan KJ et al. Effi cacy of biological therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 644-59.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 644-59
    • Ford, A.C.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 104
    • 79953781975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Khan KJ, Ullman TA, Ford AC et al. Antibiotic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 661-73.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 661-73
    • Khan, K.J.1    Ullman, T.A.2    Ford, A.C.3
  • 105
    • 70450164329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endpoints for clinical trials evaluating disease modifi cation and structural damage in adults with Crohn ' s disease
    • D ' Haens GR, Fedorak R, Lemann M et al. Endpoints for clinical trials evaluating disease modifi cation and structural damage in adults with Crohn ' s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009; 15: 1599-604.
    • (2009) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.15 , pp. 1599-604
    • D'Haens, G.R.1    Fedorak, R.2    Lemann, M.3
  • 106
    • 33847179443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of activity indices and effi cacy endpoints for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis
    • D ' Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG et al. A review of activity indices and effi cacy endpoints for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 763-86.
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , pp. 763-86
    • D'Haens, G.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 108
    • 0022992740 scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis in clinical trials
    • DOI 10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2
    • DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1986; 7: 177-88. (Pubitemid 17189972)
    • (1986) Controlled Clinical Trials , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 177-188
    • DerSimonian, R.1    Laird, N.2
  • 109
    • 0030922816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
    • Egger M, Davey-Smith G, Schneider M et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. Br Med J 1997; 315: 629-34. (Pubitemid 27387172)
    • (1997) British Medical Journal , vol.315 , Issue.7109 , pp. 629-634
    • Egger, M.1    Smith, G.D.2    Schneider, M.3    Minder, C.4
  • 112
    • 84982333870 scopus 로고
    • Salazopyrin: A new sulfanilamide preparation
    • Svartz N. Salazopyrin: a new sulfanilamide preparation. Acta Med Scand 1942; 110: 577-98.
    • (1942) Acta Med Scand , vol.110 , pp. 577-98
    • Svartz, N.1
  • 113
    • 84920223116 scopus 로고
    • An experiment to determine the active therapeutic moiety of sulphasalazine
    • Azad Khan AK, Piris J, Truelove SC. An experiment to determine the active therapeutic moiety of sulphasalazine. Lancet 1977; 310: 892-5.
    • (1977) Lancet , vol.310 , pp. 892-5
    • Azad Khan, A.K.1    Piris, J.2    Truelove, S.C.3
  • 114
    • 41349110480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-ASA therapy in ulcerative colitis: What are the implications of the new formulations?
    • DOI 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181595b56, PII 0000483620080400000004
    • Sandborn WJ. Oral 5-ASA therapy in ulcerative colitis. What are the implications of the new formulations. J Clin Gastroenterol 2008; 42: 338-44. (Pubitemid 351450616)
    • (2008) Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 338-344
    • Sandborn, W.J.1
  • 115
    • 33748302766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: High-dose aminosalicylates to induce and maintain remissions in ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03058.x
    • Hanauer SB. Review article: high-dose aminosalicylates to induce and maintain remission in ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 24 (Suppl 3): 37-40. (Pubitemid 44326418)
    • (2006) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 37-40
    • Hanauer, S.B.1
  • 116
    • 33747620510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Mode of action and delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid - New evidence
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03069.x
    • Desreumaux P, Ghosh S. Review article: mode of action and delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid-new evidence. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2006; 24 (Suppl 1): 2-9. (Pubitemid 44267773)
    • (2006) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 2-9
    • Desreumaux, P.1    Ghosh, S.2
  • 117
    • 0037253045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: The pharmacokinetic profiles of oral mesalazine formulations and mesalazine pro-drugs used in the management of ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01408.x
    • Sandborn WJ, Hanauer SB. The pharmacokinetic profi les of oral mesalazine formulations and mesalazine pro-drugs used in the management of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2003; 17: 29-42. (Pubitemid 36140432)
    • (2003) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-42
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Hanauer, S.B.2
  • 118
    • 0842265246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: Short-term adverse effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid agents in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1111/j.0269-2813.2004.01827.x
    • Loft us EV Jr, Kane SV, Bjorkman D. Systematic review: short-term adverse effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid agents in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2004; 19: 179-89. (Pubitemid 38174887)
    • (2004) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 179-189
    • Loftus Jr., E.V.1    Kane, S.V.2    Bjorkman, D.3
  • 119
    • 34249100276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-Aminosalicylates and renal function in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review
    • DOI 10.1002/ibd.20099
    • Gisbert JP, Gonzalez-Lama Y, Mate J. 5-Aminosalicylates and renal function in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007; 13: 629-38. (Pubitemid 46799647)
    • (2007) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 629-638
    • Gisbert, J.P.1    Gonzalez-Lama, Y.2    Mate, J.3
  • 120
    • 50549187947 scopus 로고
    • Sulphasalazine and salicylazosulphadimidine in ulcerative colitis
    • Baron JH, Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JE et al. Sulphasalazine and salicylazosulphadimidine in ulcerative colitis. Lancet 1962; 1: 1094-6.
    • (1962) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1094-6
    • Baron, J.H.1    Connell, A.M.2    Lennard-Jones, J.E.3
  • 121
    • 84883845710 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
    • Dick AP, Grayson MJ, Carpenter RG et al. Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Gut 1964; 5: 437-42.
    • (1964) Gut , vol.5 , pp. 437-42
    • Dick, A.P.1    Grayson, M.J.2    Carpenter, R.G.3
  • 122
    • 84987459283 scopus 로고
    • Azodisalicylate (olsalazine) in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis. A placebo controlled trial and assessment of drug disposition
    • Hetzel DJ, Shearman DJC, Bochner F et al. Azodisalicylate (olsalazine) in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis. A placebo controlled trial and assessment of drug disposition. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1986; 1: 257-66.
    • (1986) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.1 , pp. 257-66
    • Hetzel, D.J.1    Djc, S.2    Bochner, F.3
  • 123
    • 0023521441 scopus 로고
    • Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: A randomized study
    • Schroeder KW, Tremaine WJ, Ilstrup DM. Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 1625-9. (Pubitemid 18010466)
    • (1987) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.317 , Issue.26 , pp. 1625-1629
    • Schroeder, K.W.1    Tremaine, W.J.2    Ilstrup, D.M.3
  • 124
    • 12244285990 scopus 로고
    • Multicenter trial of Pentasa for active ulcerative colitis
    • Miner P, Nostrant T, Wruble L et al. Multicenter trial of Pentasa for active ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1991; 100 (Suppl): A231.
    • (1991) Gastroenterology , vol.100 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Miner, P.1    Nostrant, T.2    Wruble, L.3
  • 125
    • 0025779674 scopus 로고
    • Oral mesalamine (Asacol) for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis
    • Sninsky CA, Cort DH, Shanahan F et al. Oral mesalamine (Asacol) for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 350-5.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.115 , pp. 350-5
    • Sninsky, C.A.1    Cort, D.H.2    Shanahan, F.3
  • 129
    • 66949177978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and effi cacy of a new 3.3 g b.i.d. tablet formulation in patients with mild-to-moderately-active ulcerative colitis: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Scherl EJ, Pruitt R, Gordon GL et al. Safety and effi cacy of a new 3.3 g b.i.d. tablet formulation in patients with mild-to-moderately-active ulcerative colitis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 1452-9.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , pp. 1452-9
    • Scherl, E.J.1    Pruitt, R.2    Gordon, G.L.3
  • 130
    • 77956290240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct comparison of two diff erent mesalamine formulations for the induction of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis: A double-blind randomized study
    • Ito H, Iida M, Matsumoto T et al. Direct comparison of two diff erent mesalamine formulations for the induction of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16: 1567-74.
    • (2010) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.16 , pp. 1567-74
    • Ito, H.1    Iida, M.2    Matsumoto, T.3
  • 132
    • 33644653559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine at 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablet) for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis: The ASCEND II trial
    • Hanauer SB, Sandborn WJ, Kornbluth A et al. Delayed-release oral mesalamine at 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablet) for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis: the ASCEND II trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 2478-85.
    • (2005) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.100 , pp. 2478-85
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Kornbluth, A.3
  • 134
    • 39149118880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablets) compared with 2.4 g/day (400 mg tablets) for the treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: The ASCENDI trial
    • Hanauer SB, Sandborn WJ, Dallaire C et al. Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablets) compared with 2.4 g/day (400 mg tablets) for the treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: the ASCEND I trial. Can J Gastroenterol 2007; 21: 827-34. (Pubitemid 351255702)
    • (2007) Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 827-834
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Dallaire, C.3    Archambault, A.4    Yacyshyn, B.5    Yeh, C.6    Smith-Hall, N.7
  • 135
    • 70649110836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800-mg tablet) is Effective for patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis
    • Sandborn WJ, Regula J, Feagan BG et al. Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800-mg tablet) is Effective for patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 1934-43.
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.137 , pp. 1934-43
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Regula, J.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 136
    • 0000290330 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis
    • Misiewicz JJ, Lennard-Jones JE, Connell AM et al. Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. Lancet 1965; 185: 187.
    • (1965) Lancet , vol.185 , pp. 187
    • Misiewicz, J.J.1    Lennard-Jones, J.E.2    Connell, A.M.3
  • 137
    • 0015724539 scopus 로고
    • A controlled therapeutic trial of long-term maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis with sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin)
    • Dissanayake AS, Truelove SC. A controlled therapeutic trial of long-term maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis with sulphasalazine (Salazopyrin) . Gut 1973; 14: 923-6.
    • (1973) Gut , vol.14 , pp. 923-6
    • Dissanayake, A.S.1    Truelove, S.C.2
  • 138
    • 0015537909 scopus 로고
    • The prophylactic Effect of salazosulphapyridine in ulcerative colitis during long-term treatment. A doubleblind trial on patients asymptomatic for one year
    • Riis P, Anthonisen P, Wulff HR et al. The prophylactic Effect of salazosulphapyridine in ulcerative colitis during long-term treatment. A doubleblind trial on patients asymptomatic for one year. Scand J Gastroenterol 1973; 8: 71-4.
    • (1973) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.8 , pp. 71-4
    • Riis, P.1    Anthonisen, P.2    Wulff, H.R.3
  • 139
    • 0022649415 scopus 로고
    • Azodisal sodium in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. A study of tolerance and relapse-prevention properties
    • Sandberg-Gertzen H, Jarnerot G, Kraaz W. Azodisal sodium in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. A study of tolerance and relapse-prevention properties. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 1024-30. (Pubitemid 16124782)
    • (1986) Gastroenterology , vol.90 , Issue.4 , pp. 1024-1030
    • Sandberg-Gertzen, H.1    Jarnerot, G.2    Kraaz, W.3
  • 140
    • 0023730122 scopus 로고
    • Use of colonic eicosanoid concentrations as predictors of relapse in ulcerative colitis: Double blind placebo controlled study on sulphasalazine maintenance treatment
    • Lauritsen K, Staerk Laursen L, Bukhave K et al. Use of colonic eicosanoid concentrations as predictors of relapse in ulcerative colitis: double blind placebo controlled study on sulphasalazine maintenance treatment. Gut 1988; 29: 1316-21.
    • (1988) Gut , vol.29 , pp. 1316-21
    • Lauritsen, K.1    Staerk Laursen, L.2    Bukhave, K.3
  • 141
    • 0027383284 scopus 로고
    • Olsalazine in maintenance of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colsitis
    • DOI 10.1007/BF01296107
    • Wright JP, O'Keefe EA, Cuming L et al. Olsalazine in maintenance of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38: 1837-42. (Pubitemid 23311935)
    • (1993) Digestive Diseases and Sciences , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 1837-1842
    • Wright, J.P.1    O'Keefe, E.A.2    Cumming, L.3    Jaskiewicz, K.4
  • 142
    • 0028804562 scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of controlledrelease mesalamine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Miner P, Hanauer S, Robinson M et al. Safety and efficacy of controlledrelease mesalamine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 1995; 40: 296-304.
    • (1995) Dig Dis Sci , vol.40 , pp. 296-304
    • Miner, P.1    Hanauer, S.2    Robinson, M.3
  • 143
    • 0030045124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An oral preparation of mesalamine as long-term maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis
    • The Mesalamine Study Group
    • The Mesalamine Study Group. An oral preparation of mesalamine as long-term maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 204-11.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.124 , pp. 204-11
  • 144
    • 0031043010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of zileuton versus mesalazine or placebo in the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9041232
    • Hawkey CJ, Dube LM, Rountree LV et al. A trial of zileuton vs. mesalazine or placebo in the maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 718-24. (Pubitemid 27113796)
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.112 , Issue.3 , pp. 718-724
    • Hawkey, C.J.1    Dube, L.M.2    Rountree, L.V.3    Linnen, P.J.4    Lancaster, J.F.5
  • 146
    • 77957223475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial: Once-daily mesalamine granules for maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis - A 6- month placebo-controlled trial
    • Lichtenstein GR, Gordon GL, Zakko S et al. Clinical trial: once-daily mesalamine granules for maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis - a 6- month placebo-controlled trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 990-9.
    • (2010) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.32 , pp. 990-9
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Gordon, G.L.2    Zakko, S.3
  • 147
    • 0018836339 scopus 로고
    • Optimum dose of sulphasalazine for maintenance treatment in ulcerative colitis
    • Azad Khan AK, Howes DT, Piris J et al. Optimum dose of sulphasalazine for maintenance treatment in ulcerative colitis. Gut 1980; 21: 232-40. (Pubitemid 10082935)
    • (1980) Gut , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-240
    • Azad Khan, A.K.1    Howes, D.T.2    Piris, J.3    Truelove, S.C.4
  • 148
    • 0026671294 scopus 로고
    • Short report: Comparison of two doses of balsalazide in maintaining ulcerative colitis in remission over 12 months
    • Green JRB, Swan CHJ, Rowlinson A et al. Short report: comparison of two doses of balsalazide in maintaining ulcerative colitis in remission over 12 months. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1992; 6: 647-52.
    • (1992) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.6 , pp. 647-52
    • Jrb, G.1    Chj, S.2    Rowlinson, A.3
  • 151
    • 0035181627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose balsalazide (1.5 g twice daily) and mesalazine (0.5 g three times daily) maintained remission of ulcerative colitis but high dose balsalazide (3.0 g twice daily) was superior in preventing relapses
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.49.6.783
    • Kruis W, Schreiber S, Theuer D et al. Low dose balsalazide (1.5 g twice daily) and mesalazine (0.5 g three times daily) maintained remission of ulcerative colitis but high dose balsalazide (3.0 g twice daily) was superior in preventing relapses. Gut 2001; 49: 783-9. (Pubitemid 33096035)
    • (2001) Gut , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 783-789
    • Kruis, W.1    Schreiber, S.2    Theuer, D.3    Brandes, J.-W.4    Schtutz, E.5    Howaldt, S.6    Krakamp, B.7    Hamling, J.8    Monnikes, H.9    Koop, I.10    Stolte, M.11    Pallant, D.12    Ewald, U.13
  • 153
    • 78650879471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised clinical trial: A comparative dose-fi nding study of three arms of dual release mesalazine for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Kruis W, Jonaitis L, Pokrotniets J et al. Randomised clinical trial: a comparative dose-fi nding study of three arms of dual release mesalazine for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 313-22.
    • (2011) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.33 , pp. 313-22
    • Kruis, W.1    Jonaitis, L.2    Pokrotniets, J.3
  • 154
    • 79953787498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dr Stephen B, Hanauer, Crohn's II study: personal communication
    • Dr Stephen B. Hanauer, Crohn's II study: personal communication.
  • 155
    • 0018290191 scopus 로고
    • National cooperative Crohn's disease study: Results of drug treatment
    • Summers RW, Switz DM, Sessions JT Jr et al. National cooperative Crohn ' s disease study: results of drug treatment. Gastroenterology 1979; 77: 847-69. (Pubitemid 9242048)
    • (1979) Gastroenterology , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 847-869
    • Summers, R.W.1    Switz, D.M.2    Sessions Jr., J.T.3
  • 158
    • 0027947501 scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the oral mesalamine (5-ASA) preparation, Asacol, in the treatment of symptomatic Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis
    • DOI 10.1097/00004836-199412000-00003
    • Tremaine WJ, Schroeder KW, Jarrison JM et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the oral mesalamine (5-ASA) preparation, Asacol, in the treatment of symptomatic Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 1994; 19: 278-82. (Pubitemid 24371047)
    • (1994) Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 278-282
    • Tremaine, W.J.1    Schroeder, K.W.2    Harrison, J.M.3    Zinsmeister, A.R.4
  • 159
    • 0021358010 scopus 로고
    • European cooperative Crohn's disease study (ECCDS): Results of drug treatment
    • Malchow M, Ewe K, Brandes JW et al. European cooperative Crohn's disease
    • (1984) Gastroenterology , vol.86 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-266
    • Malchow, H.1    Ewe, K.2    Brandes, J.W.3
  • 160
    • 2342433583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral pentasa in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: A meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
    • DOI 10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00122-3, PII S1542356504001223
    • Hanauer SB, Stromberg U. Oral Penasa in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo controlled trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 2: 379-88. (Pubitemid 38561234)
    • (2004) Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 379-388
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Stromberg, U.2
  • 161
    • 0026653046 scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (Asacol) in the maintenance treatment of Crohn's disease
    • Prantera C, Pallone F, Brunetti G et al. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (Asacol) in the maintenance treatment of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 363-8.
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.103 , pp. 363-8
    • Prantera, C.1    Pallone, F.2    Brunetti, G.3
  • 163
    • 0017664501 scopus 로고
    • Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn's disease
    • Lennard-Jones JE. Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn's disease. Gut 1977; 18: 69-72.
    • (1977) Gut , vol.18 , pp. 69-72
    • Lennard-Jones, J.E.1
  • 164
    • 0023775088 scopus 로고
    • New oral preparations for maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease
    • Wellmann W, Schroder U. New oral preparations for maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease. Can J Gastroenterol 1988; 2 (Suppl A): 71A-2A.
    • (1988) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.2 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Wellmann, W.1    Schroder, U.2
  • 165
    • 0025293586 scopus 로고
    • Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid vs. placebo in maintaining remission of inactive Crohn's disease
    • International Mesalazine Study Group
    • International Mesalazine Study Group. Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid vs. placebo in maintaining remission of inactive Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1990; 4: 55-64.
    • (1990) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.4 , pp. 55-64
  • 167
    • 0028964577 scopus 로고
    • A controlled double blind multicenter study of the Effectiveness of 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with Crohn's disease in remission
    • Arber N, Odes S, Fireman Z et al. A controlled double blind multicenter study of the Effectiveness of 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with Crohn's disease in remission. J Clin Gastroenterol 1995; 20: 203-6.
    • (1995) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.20 , pp. 203-6
    • Arber, N.1    Odes, S.2    Fireman, Z.3
  • 171
    • 0034820760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olsalazine is not superior to placebo in maintaining remission of inactive Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis: A double blind, parallel, randomised, multicentre study
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.49.4.552
    • Mahmud N, Kamm MA, Dupas J-L et al. Olsalazine is not superior to placebo in maintaining remission of inactive Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis: a double blind, parallel, randomised, multicentre study. Gut 2001; 49: 552-6. (Pubitemid 32896987)
    • (2001) Gut , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 552-556
    • Mahmud, N.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Dupas, J.L.3    Jewell, D.P.4    O'Morain, C.A.5    Weir, D.G.6    Kelleher, D.7
  • 172
    • 0003354987 scopus 로고
    • Mesalazine (Pentasa) as prophylaxis in Crohn's disease. A multicenter, controlled trial
    • and the Danish 5- ASA Group
    • Bondesen S, and the Danish 5-ASA Group. Mesalazine (Pentasa) as prophylaxis in Crohn's disease. A multicenter, controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991; 26: 68.
    • (1991) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.26 , pp. 68
    • Bondesen, S.1
  • 173
    • 0028923196 scopus 로고
    • Long-term therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid in Crohn's disease: Is it useful? Our experience
    • Bresci G, Parisi G, Banti S. Long-term therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid in Crohn's disease: is it useful? Our experience. Int J Clin Pharm Res 1994; 14: 133-8.
    • (1994) Int J Clin Pharm Res , vol.14 , pp. 133-8
    • Bresci, G.1    Parisi, G.2    Banti, S.3
  • 174
    • 0018290430 scopus 로고
    • A trial of sulfasalazine as adjunctive therapy in Crohn's disease
    • Singleton JW, Summers RW, Kern F Jr et al. A trial of sulfasalazine as adjunctive therapy in Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 1979; 77: 887-97. (Pubitemid 9242051)
    • (1979) Gastroenterology , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 887-897
    • Singleton, J.W.1    Summers, R.W.2    Kern Jr., F.3
  • 175
    • 78651005085 scopus 로고
    • The effects of the adrenal cortical hormone 17-hydroxy-11- dehydrocorticosterone (Compound E) on the acute phase of rheumatic fever; Preliminary report
    • Hench PS, Kendall EC, Slocumb CH et al. The effects of the adrenal cortical hormone 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone (Compound E) on the acute phase of rheumatic fever; preliminary report. Mayo Clin Proc 1949; 24: 277-97.
    • (1949) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.24 , pp. 277-97
    • Hench, P.S.1    Kendall, E.C.2    Slocumb, C.H.3
  • 176
    • 77955262409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of the wonder drug: From cows to cortisone
    • Saenger AK. Discovery of the wonder drug: from cows to cortisone. Clin Chem 2010; 56: 1349-50.
    • (2010) Clin Chem , vol.56 , pp. 1349-50
    • Saenger, A.K.1
  • 177
    • 77049183727 scopus 로고
    • Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; Preliminary report on a therapeutic trial
    • Truelove SC, Witts LJ. Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; preliminary report on a therapeutic trial. Br Med J 1954; 2: 375-8.
    • (1954) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 375-8
    • Truelove, S.C.1    Witts, L.J.2
  • 179
    • 0038382993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The state of the art in the management of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Hanauer SB, Present DH. The state of the art in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Rev Gastroenterol Disord 2003; 3: 81-92. (Pubitemid 36705487)
    • (2003) Reviews in Gastroenterological Disorders , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-92
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Present, D.H.2
  • 180
    • 70350513112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse events associated with common therapy regimens for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease
    • Marehbian J, Arrighi HM, Hass S et al. Adverse events associated with common therapy regimens for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104: 2524-33.
    • (2009) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.104 , pp. 2524-33
    • Marehbian, J.1    Arrighi, H.M.2    Hass, S.3
  • 181
    • 33646147141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious infections and mortality in association with therapies for Crohn's disease: TREAT registry
    • Lichtenstein GR, Feagan BG, Cohen RD et al. Serious infections and mortality in association with therapies for Crohn's disease: TREAT registry. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4: 621-30.
    • (2006) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.4 , pp. 621-30
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Cohen, R.D.3
  • 184
    • 8844258136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical delivery of therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
    • DOI 10.1016/j.addr.2004.08.007, PII S0169409X04001978
    • Klotz U, Schwab M. Topical delivery of therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2005; 57: 267-79. (Pubitemid 39536102)
    • (2005) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.57 , Issue.2 SPEC. ISS. , pp. 267-279
    • Klotz, U.1    Schwab, M.2
  • 185
    • 13944254822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular complexity of glucocorticoid actions in inflammation - A four-ring circus
    • DOI 10.1016/j.coph.2004.06.009, PII S147148920400164X
    • Goulding NJ. The molecular complexity of glucocorticoid actions in inflammation - a four-ring circus. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004; 4: 629-36. (Pubitemid 40267879)
    • (2004) Current Opinion in Pharmacology , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 629-636
    • Goulding, N.J.1
  • 186
    • 4644263340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucocorticoids on gene transcription
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.011, PII S0014299904007204
    • Hayashi R, Wada H, Ito K et al. effects of glucocorticoids on gene transcription . Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 500: 51-62. (Pubitemid 39303996)
    • (2004) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.500 , Issue.SPEC. ISS. , pp. 51-62
    • Hayashi, R.1    Wada, H.2    Ito, K.3    Adcock, I.M.4
  • 187
    • 0041324898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interplay between the glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor-κB or activator protein-1: Molecular mechanisms for gene repression
    • DOI 10.1210/er.2002-0006
    • De Bosscher K, Vanden Berghe W, Haegeman G. The interplay between the glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor-kappaB or activator protein-1: molecular mechanisms for gene repression. Endocr Rev 2003; 24: 488-522. (Pubitemid 37059110)
    • (2003) Endocrine Reviews , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 488-522
    • De Bosscher, K.1    Vanden Berghe, W.2    Haegeman, G.3
  • 188
    • 0037329489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid suppression of nuclear factor-κB: A role for histone modifications
    • Kagoshima M, Ito K, Cosio B et al. Glucocorticoid suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B: a role for histone modifi cations. Biochem Soc Trans 2003; 31: 60-5. (Pubitemid 36241397)
    • (2003) Biochemical Society Transactions , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-65
    • Kagoshima, M.1    Ito, K.2    Cosio, B.3    Adcock, I.M.4
  • 189
    • 15944368987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis for the effectiveness, toxicity, and resistance to glucocorticoids: Focus on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
    • DOI 10.1080/03009740510017706
    • Buttgereit F, Saag KG, Cutolo M et al. The molecular basis for the Effectiveness, toxicity, and resistance to glucocorticoids: focus on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2005; 34: 14-21. (Pubitemid 40445053)
    • (2005) Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-21
    • Buttgereit, F.1    Saag, K.G.2    Cutolo, M.3    Da Silva, J.A.P.4    Bijlsma, J.W.J.5
  • 190
    • 0026504164 scopus 로고
    • Oral fluticasone propionate in active distal ulcerative colitis
    • Angus P, Snook JA, Reid M et al. Oral fluticasone propionate in active distal ulcerative colitis. Gut 1992; 33: 711-4.
    • (1992) Gut , vol.33 , pp. 711-4
    • Angus, P.1    Snook, J.A.2    Reid, M.3
  • 191
    • 53149124013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte-mediated delivery of dexamethasone in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis, refractory to mesalamine: A randomized, controlled study
    • Bossa F, Latiano A, Rossi L et al. Erythrocyte-mediated delivery of dexamethasone in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis, refractory to mesalamine: a randomized, controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2509-16.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2509-16
    • Bossa, F.1    Latiano, A.2    Rossi, L.3
  • 192
    • 0000206329 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of prednisone, salazopyrin, and topical hydrocortisone hemisuccinate used as out-patient treatment for ulcerative colitis
    • Lennard-Jones JE, Longmore AJ, Newell AC et al. An assessment of prednisone, salazopyrin, and topical hydrocortisone hemisuccinate used as out-patient treatment for ulcerative colitis. Gut 1960; 1: 217-22.
    • (1960) Gut , vol.1 , pp. 217-22
    • Lennard-Jones, J.E.1    Longmore, A.J.2    Newell, A.C.3
  • 196
    • 0036311105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budesonide CIR capsules (once or twice daily divided-dose) in active Crohn's disease: A randomized placebo-controlled study in the United States
    • DOI 10.1016/S0002-9270(02)04191-6
    • Tremaine WJ, Hanauer SB, Katz S et al. Budesonide CIR capsules (once or twice daily divided-dose) in active Crohn's disease: a randomized placebo-controlled study in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 2002; 97: 1748-54. (Pubitemid 34761401)
    • (2002) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.97 , Issue.7 , pp. 1748-1754
    • Tremaine, W.J.1    Hanauer, S.B.2    Katz, S.3    Winston, B.D.4    Levine, J.G.5    Persson, T.6    Persson, A.7
  • 198
    • 0030870541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral budesonide is as effective as oral prednisolone in active Crohn's disease
    • Campieri M, Ferguson A, Doe W et al. Oral budesonide is as Effective as oral prednisolone in active Crohn's disease. Gut 1997; 41: 209-14. (Pubitemid 27395924)
    • (1997) Gut , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-214
    • Campieri, M.1    Ferguson, A.2    Doe, W.3    Persson, T.4    Nilsson, L.-G.5
  • 201
    • 33744964650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beclomethasone dipropionate for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease: An open-label, budesonide-controlled, randomized study
    • Tursi A, Giorgetti GM, Brandimarte G et al. Beclomethasone dipropionate for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease: an open-label, budesonide-controlled, randomized study. Med Sci Monitor 2006; 12: I29-32.
    • (2006) Med Sci Monitor , vol.12
    • Tursi, A.1    Giorgetti, G.M.2    Brandimarte, G.3
  • 202
    • 0028933991 scopus 로고
    • Budesonide and prednisolone suppress peripheral blood natural killer cells in Crohn's disease
    • Van Ierssel AJ, Van der Sluys Veer A, Verspaget HW et al. Budesonide and prednisolone suppress peripheral blood natural killer cells in Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1995; 9: 173-8.
    • (1995) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 173-8
    • Van Ierssel, A.J.1    Van Der Sluys Veer, A.2    Verspaget, H.W.3
  • 203
    • 0031984919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral budesonide as maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease - results of a 12-month study
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.00285.x
    • Ferguson A, Campieri M, Doe W et al. Oral budesonide as maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease - results of a 12-month study. Global Budesonide Study Group. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 1998; 12: 175-83. (Pubitemid 28059985)
    • (1998) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-183
    • Ferguson, A.1    Campieri, M.2    Doe, W.3    Persson, T.4    Nygard, G.5
  • 206
    • 14644417773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budesonide as maintenance treatment in Crohn's disease: A placebo-controlled trial
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02338.x
    • Hanauer S, Sandborn WJ, Persson A et al. Budesonide as maintenance treatment in Crohn's disease: a placebo-controlled trial. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2005; 21: 363-71. (Pubitemid 40320545)
    • (2005) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 363-371
    • Hanauer, S.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Persson, A.3    Persson, T.4
  • 210
    • 0035287209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old and new drugs used in rheumatoid arthritis: A historical perspective part 1: The older drugs
    • Case JP. Old and new drugs used in rheumatoid arthritis: a historical perspective. Part 1: The older drugs. Am J Therap 2001; 8: 123-43. (Pubitemid 33753526)
    • (2001) American Journal of Therapeutics , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-143
    • Case, J.P.1
  • 211
    • 73649170794 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis with 6-mercaptopurine
    • Bean RHD. The treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis with 6-mercaptopurine . Med J Aust 1962; 2: 592-3.
    • (1962) Med J Aust , vol.2 , pp. 592-3
    • Rhd, B.1
  • 212
    • 0001647780 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of ulcerative colitis with antimetabolites
    • Bean RHD. Treatment of ulcerative colitis with antimetabolites. Br Med J 1966; 1: 1081-4.
    • (1966) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 1081-4
    • Rhd, B.1
  • 214
    • 0006194509 scopus 로고
    • Early experience with azathioprine in ulcerative colitis
    • Bowen GE, Irons GV Jr, Rhodes JD et al. Early experience with azathioprine in ulcerative colitis. JAMA 1966; 195: 166-70.
    • (1966) JAMA , vol.195 , pp. 166-70
    • Bowen, G.E.1    Irons Jr., G.V.2    Rhodes, J.D.3
  • 215
    • 14644394897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Monitoring of immunomodulators in inflammatory bowel disease
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02343.x
    • Aberra FN, Lichtenstein GR. Review article: monitoring of immunomodulators in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2005; 21: 307-19. (Pubitemid 40313935)
    • (2005) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 307-319
    • Aberra, F.N.1    Lichtenstein, G.R.2
  • 216
    • 77954424629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in liver biochemistry during methotrexate use for inflammatory bowel disease
    • Fournier MR, Klein J, Minuk GY et al. Changes in liver biochemistry during methotrexate use for inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 1620-6.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 1620-6
    • Fournier, M.R.1    Klein, J.2    Minuk, G.Y.3
  • 217
    • 0016293798 scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: Fi nal report on controlled therapeutic trial
    • Jewell DP, Truelove SC. Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: fi nal report on controlled therapeutic trial. Br Med J 1974; 4: 627-30.
    • (1974) Br Med J , vol.4 , pp. 627-30
    • Jewell, D.P.1    Truelove, S.C.2
  • 218
    • 0033978036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of azathioprine in severe ulcerative colitis: One-year, placebo- controlled, randomized trial
    • Sood A, Midha V, Sood N et al. Role of azathioprine in severe ulcerative colitis: one-year, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Indian J Gastroenterol 2000; 19: 14-6. (Pubitemid 30048938)
    • (2000) Indian Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-16
    • Sood, A.1    Midha, V.2    Sood, N.3    Kaushal, V.4
  • 221
    • 78049514932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-CD3 antibody visilizumab is not Effective in patients with intravenous corticosteroid-refractory ulcerative colitis
    • Sandborn WJ, Colombel JF, Frankel M et al. Anti-CD3 antibody visilizumab is not Effective in patients with intravenous corticosteroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. Gut 2010; 59: 1485-92.
    • (2010) Gut , vol.59 , pp. 1485-92
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Colombel, J.F.2    Frankel, M.3
  • 224
    • 33747790601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised dose finding study of oral tacrolimus (FK506) therapy in refractory ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.2005.081794
    • Ogata H, Matsui T, Nakamura M et al. A randomized dose fi nding study of oral tacrolimus (FK506) therapy in refractory ulcerative colitis. Gut 2006; 55: 1255-62. (Pubitemid 44277355)
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , Issue.9 , pp. 1255-1262
    • Ogata, H.1    Matsui, T.2    Nakamura, M.3    Iida, M.4    Takazoe, M.5    Suzuki, Y.6    Hibi, T.7
  • 225
    • 0036255548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The beneficial effect of azathioprine on maintenance of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
    • DOI 10.1007/s005350200034
    • Sood A, Kaushal V, Midha V et al. The benefi cial Effect of azathioprine on maintenance of remission in severe ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol 2002; 37: 270-4. (Pubitemid 34495524)
    • (2002) Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 270-274
    • Sood, A.1    Kaushal, V.2    Midha, V.3    Bhatia, K.L.4    Sood, N.5    Malhotra, V.6
  • 226
    • 0026693139 scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine withdrawal in ulcerative colitis
    • Hawthorne AB, Logan RF, Hawkey CJ et al. Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine withdrawal in ulcerative colitis. BMJ 1992; 305: 20-2.
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.305 , pp. 20-2
    • Hawthorne, A.B.1    Logan, R.F.2    Hawkey, C.J.3
  • 227
    • 79953773779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose weekly methotrexate therapy in remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis [abstract]
    • Onuk MD, Kaymakoglu S, Demir K et al. Low-dose weekly methotrexate therapy in remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis [abstract]. Gut 1996; 39 (Suppl 3): A75.
    • (1996) Gut , vol.39 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Onuk, M.D.1    Kaymakoglu, S.2    Demir, K.3
  • 229
    • 0028790186 scopus 로고
    • A controlled double blind study of azathioprine in the management of Crohn's disease
    • Candy S, Wright J, Gerber M et al. A controlled double blind study of azathioprine in the management of Crohn's disease. Gut 1995; 37: 674-8.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.37 , pp. 674-8
    • Candy, S.1    Wright, J.2    Gerber, M.3
  • 230
    • 50649125243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, randomized, doubleblind trial of everolimus vs. azathioprine and placebo to maintain steroidinduced remission in patients with moderate-to-severe active Crohn's disease
    • Reinisch W, Panes J, Lemann M et al. A multicenter, randomized, doubleblind trial of everolimus vs. azathioprine and placebo to maintain steroidinduced remission in patients with moderate-to-severe active Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2284-92.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2284-92
    • Reinisch, W.1    Panes, J.2    Lemann, M.3
  • 231
    • 0016171750 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Crohn's disease with azathioprine: A controlled evaluation
    • Klein M, Binder HJ, Mitchell M et al. Treatment of Crohn's disease with azathioprine: a controlled evaluation. Gastroenterology 1974; 66: 916-22.
    • (1974) Gastroenterology , vol.66 , pp. 916-22
    • Klein, M.1    Binder, H.J.2    Mitchell, M.3
  • 232
    • 0015220432 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease
    • Rhodes J, Beck P, Bainton D et al. Controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease. Lancet 1971; 2: 1273-6.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1273-6
    • Rhodes, J.1    Beck, P.2    Bainton, D.3
  • 233
    • 0018888679 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Crohn's disease with 6-mercaptopurine. A long-term, randomized, double-blind study
    • Present DH, Korelitz BI, Wisch N et al. Treatment of Crohn's disease with 6-mercaptopurine. A long-term, randomized, double-blind study. N Engl J Med 1980; 302: 981-7. (Pubitemid 10125406)
    • (1980) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.302 , Issue.18 , pp. 981-987
    • Present, D.H.1    Korelitz, B.I.2    Wisch, N.3
  • 234
    • 0030784425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate in chronic active Crohn's disease: A double-blind, randomized, Israeli multicenter trial
    • Oren R, Moshkowitz M, Odes S et al. Methotrexate in chronic active Crohn's disease: a double-blind, randomized, Israeli multicenter trial. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92: 2203-9.
    • (1997) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.92 , pp. 2203-9
    • Oren, R.1    Moshkowitz, M.2    Odes, S.3
  • 235
    • 0028899859 scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate for the treatment of Crohn's disease
    • Feagan BG, Rochon J, Fedorak RN et al. Methotrexate for the treatment of Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 292-7.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.332 , pp. 292-7
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Rochon, J.2    Fedorak, R.N.3
  • 236
    • 0030791403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why intramuscular methotrexate may be more effi cacious than oral dosing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    • Hamilton RA, Kremer JM. Why intramuscular methotrexate may be more effi cacious than oral dosing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 1997; 36: 86-90.
    • (1997) Br J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 86-90
    • Hamilton, R.A.1    Kremer, J.M.2
  • 237
    • 0029150951 scopus 로고
    • European trial of cyclosporin in chronic active Crohn's disease: A 12-month study
    • The European Study Group
    • Stange EF, Modigliani R, Pena AS et al. European trial of cyclosporin in chronic active Crohn's disease: a 12-month study. The European Study Group. Gastroenterology 1995; 109: 774-82.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.109 , pp. 774-82
    • Stange, E.F.1    Modigliani, R.2    Pena, A.S.3
  • 240
    • 0015246251 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease
    • Willoughby JM, Kumar PJ, Beckett J et al. Controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease. Lancet 1971; 2: 944-6.
    • (1971) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 944-6
    • Willoughby, J.M.1    Kumar, P.J.2    Beckett, J.3
  • 241
    • 20444483170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, controlled withdrawal trial in Crohn's disease patients in long-term remission on azathioprine
    • DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.03.031, PII S0016508505004488
    • Lemann M, Mary JY, Colombel JF et al. A randomized, double-blind, controlled withdrawal trial in Crohn's disease patients in long-term remission on azathioprine. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 1812-8. (Pubitemid 40824692)
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , Issue.7 , pp. 1812-1818
    • Lemann, M.1    Mary, J.-Y.2    Colombel, J.-F.3    Duclos, B.4    Soule, J.-C.5    Lerebours, E.6    Modigliani, R.7    Bouhnik, Y.8
  • 242
    • 0018117298 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind withdrawal trial of azathioprine as maintenance treatment for Crohn's disease
    • O'Donoghue DP, Dawson AM, Powell-Tuck J et al. Double-blind withdrawal trial of azathioprine as maintenance treatment for Crohn's disease. Lancet 1978; 2: 955-7. (Pubitemid 9061740)
    • (1978) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8097 , pp. 955-957
    • O'Donoghue, D.P.1    Dawson, A.M.2    Powell-Tuck, J.3
  • 243
    • 2942612097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled azathioprine withdrawal after more than two years treatment in Crohn's disease: Increased relapse rate the following year
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01944.x
    • Vilien M, Dahlerup JF, Munck LK et al. Randomized controlled azathioprine withdrawal aft er more than two years treatment in Crohn's disease: increased relapse rate the following year. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2004; 19: 1147-52. (Pubitemid 38746257)
    • (2004) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Vilien, M.1    Dahlerup, J.F.2    Munck, L.K.3    Norregaard, P.4    Gronbaek, K.5    Fallingborg, J.6
  • 244
    • 0016764493 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease
    • Rosenberg JL, Levin B, Wall AJ et al. A controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease. Am J Dig Dis 1975; 20: 721-6.
    • (1975) Am J Dig Dis , vol.20 , pp. 721-6
    • Rosenberg, J.L.1    Levin, B.2    Wall, A.J.3
  • 245
    • 67650306654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with metronidazole and azathioprine reduces severe postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease: A double-blind controlled randomized trial
    • D'Haens GR, Noman M, Van Assche GA et al. Combination therapy with metronidazole and azathioprine reduces severe postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease: a double-blind controlled randomized trial. Gastroenterology 2007; 132 (Suppl 2): A52.
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • D'Haens, G.R.1    Noman, M.2    Van Assche, G.A.3
  • 246
    • 4444353986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative maintenance of Crohn's disease remission with 6-mercaptopurine, mesalamine, or placebo: A 2-year trial
    • DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.06.002, PII S0016508504010212
    • Hanauer SB, Korelitz BI, Rutgeerts P et al. Postoperative maintenance of Crohn's disease remission with 6-mercaptopurine, mesalamine, or placebo: a 2-year trial. Gastroenterology 2004; 127: 723-9. (Pubitemid 39208405)
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.127 , Issue.3 , pp. 723-729
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Korelitz, B.I.2    Rutgeerts, P.3    Peppercorn, M.A.4    Thisted, R.A.5    Cohen, R.D.6    Present, D.H.7
  • 249
    • 65749105029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From IFN to TNF: A journey into realms of lore
    • Vilcek J. From IFN to TNF: a journey into realms of lore. Nat Immunol 2009; 10: 555-7.
    • (2009) Nat Immunol , vol.10 , pp. 555-7
    • Vilcek, J.1
  • 251
    • 33644869450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American gastroenterological association institute technical review on corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and infliximab in inflammatory bowel disease
    • DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.01.048, PII S0016508506000746
    • Lichtenstein GR, Abreu MT, Cohen R et al. American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and infliximab in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 940-87. (Pubitemid 43374543)
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , Issue.3 , pp. 940-987
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Abreu, M.T.2    Cohen, R.3    Tremaine, W.4
  • 253
    • 34249744516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious adverse events with infliximab: Analysis of spontaneously reported adverse events
    • Hansen RA, Gartlehner G, Powell GE et al. Serious adverse events with infliximab: analysis of spontaneously reported adverse events. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5: 729-35.
    • (2007) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.5 , pp. 729-35
    • Hansen, R.A.1    Gartlehner, G.2    Powell, G.E.3
  • 254
    • 35349027343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lymphoma risk in inflammatory bowel disease: Is it the disease or its treatment?
    • DOI 10.1002/ibd.20211
    • Jones JL, Loft us EV Jr. Lymphoma risk in inflammatory bowel disease: is it the disease or its treatment? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007; 13: 1299-307. (Pubitemid 47597781)
    • (2007) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.13 , Issue.10 , pp. 1299-1307
    • Jones, J.L.1    Loftus Jr., E.V.2
  • 255
    • 0038460945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab in moderately severe glucocorticoid resistant ulcerative colitis: A randomised controlled trial
    • DOI 10.1136/gut.52.7.998
    • Probert CJ, Hearing SD, Schreiber S et al. Infliximab in moderately severe glucocorticoid resistant ulcerative colitis: a randomised controlled trial. Gut 2003; 52: 998-1002. (Pubitemid 36765292)
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , Issue.7 , pp. 998-1002
    • Probert, C.S.J.1    Hearing, S.D.2    Schreiber, S.3    Kuhbacher, T.4    Ghosh, S.5    Arnott, I.D.R.6    Forbes, A.7
  • 258
    • 0034777502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab in the treatment of severe, steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis: A pilot study
    • Sands BE, Tremaine WJ, Sandborn WJ et al. Infliximab in the treatment of severe, steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis: a pilot study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2001; 7: 83-8.
    • (2001) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.7 , pp. 83-8
    • Sands, B.E.1    Tremaine, W.J.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 259
    • 0030954732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn's disease
    • Crohn's Disease cA2 Study Group
    • Targan SR, Hanauer SB, van Deventer SJ et al. A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn's disease. Crohn's Disease cA2 Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1029-35.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1029-35
    • Targan, S.R.1    Hanauer, S.B.2    Van Deventer, S.J.3
  • 260
    • 33645958908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab plus Azathioprine for steroid- dependent Crohn's disease patients: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
    • Lemann M, Mary J, Duclos B et al. Infliximab plus Azathioprine for steroid- dependent Crohn's disease patients: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 1054-61.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 1054-61
    • Lemann, M.1    Mary, J.2    Duclos, B.3
  • 261
    • 32044451548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody (adalimumab) in Crohn's disease: The CLASSIC-I trial
    • 591
    • Hanauer SB, Sandborn WJ, Rutgeerts P et al. Human anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody (adalimumab) in Crohn's disease: the CLASSIC-I trial. Gastroenterology 591; 130: 323-33.
    • Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 323-33
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Rutgeerts, P.3
  • 263
    • 58149095512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of adalimumab for the treatment of Japanese patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease: Results from a randomized trial
    • ACG abstract 2008
    • Hibi T, Watanabe M, Camez A et al. efficacy and safety of adalimumab for the treatment of Japanese patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease: results from a randomized trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; ACG abstract 2008.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol
    • Hibi, T.1    Watanabe, M.2    Camez, A.3
  • 265
    • 11144318616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous CDP870, a PEGylated Fab′ fragment of a humanized antitumour necrosis factor antibody, in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: An exploratory study
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02285.x
    • Winter TA, Wright J, Ghosh S et al. Intravenous CDP870, a PEGylated Fab ′fragment of a humanized antitumour necrosis factor antibody, in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: an exploratory study. Aliment Pharmacol Therap 2004; 20: 1337-46. (Pubitemid 40040081)
    • (2004) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.20 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 1337-1346
    • Winter, T.A.1    Wright, J.2    Ghosh, S.3    Jahnsen, J.4    Innes, A.5    Round, P.6
  • 267
    • 79953774179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction therapy with certolizumab pegol in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease: A placebocontrolled trial
    • Sandborn W, Schreiber S, Feagan B et al. Induction therapy with certolizumab pegol in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease: a placebocontrolled trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105 (Suppl 1): S419.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Sandborn, W.1    Schreiber, S.2    Feagan, B.3
  • 268
    • 77950988234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab azathioprine or combination therapy for Crohn's disease
    • Colombel JF, Sandborn WJ, Reinisch W et al. Infliximab, azathioprine, or combination therapy for Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 1383-95.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1383-95
    • Colombel, J.F.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Reinisch, W.3
  • 274
    • 33644605483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of patients treated with natalizumab for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Yousry TA, Major EO, Rysckewitsch C et al. Evaluation of patients treated with natalizumab for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. New Engl J Med 2006; 354: 924-33.
    • (2006) New Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 924-33
    • Yousry, T.A.1    Major, E.O.2    Rysckewitsch, C.3
  • 275
    • 77949279537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: Lessons from 28 cases
    • Cliff ord DB, De Luca A, Simpson DM et al. Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: lessons from 28 cases. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 438-46.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 438-46
    • Clifford, D.B.1    De Luca, A.2    Simpson, D.M.3
  • 278
    • 67649662356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adalimumab for the treatment of fi stulas in patients with Crohn's disease
    • Colombel J-F, Schwartz DA, Sandborn WJ et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of fi stulas in patients with Crohn's disease. Gut 2009; 58: 940-8.
    • (2009) Gut , vol.58 , pp. 940-8
    • Colombel, J.-F.1    Schwartz, D.A.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 284
    • 62949219864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases
    • Rutgeerts P, Vermeire S, Van Assche G. Biological therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1182-97.
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.136 , pp. 1182-97
    • Rutgeerts, P.1    Vermeire, S.2    Van Assche, G.3
  • 285
    • 53049083113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of methotrexate in combination with infliximab for treatment of Crohn's disease
    • Feagan BG, McDonald J, Ponich T et al. A randomized trial of methotrexate in combination with infliximab for treatment of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2008; 135: 294.
    • (2008) Gastroenterology , vol.135 , pp. 294
    • Feagan, B.G.1    McDonald, J.2    Ponich, T.3
  • 287
    • 42749105936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
    • Art. No. CD004826
    • Rolfe VE, Fortun PJ, Hawkey CJ et al. Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006, Issue 4, Art. No. CD004826.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Rolfe, V.E.1    Fortun, P.J.2    Hawkey, C.J.3
  • 288
    • 44949212835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • Art. No. CD005573
    • Mallon P, McKay D, Kirk S et al. Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007, Issue 4, Art. No. CD005573.
    • (2007) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Mallon, P.1    McKay, D.2    Kirk, S.3
  • 289
    • 50249087428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis on the efficacy of probiotics for maintenance of remission and prevention of clinical and endoscopic relapse in Crohn's disease
    • Rahimi R, Nikfar S, Rahimi F et al. A meta-analysis on the efficacy of probiotics for maintenance of remission and prevention of clinical and endoscopic relapse in Crohn's disease. Digest Dis Sci 2008; 53: 2524-31.
    • (2008) Digest Dis Sci , vol.53 , pp. 2524-31
    • Rahimi, R.1    Nikfar, S.2    Rahimi, F.3
  • 292
    • 33846138032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of microbes in Crohn's disease
    • DOI 10.1086/510385
    • Eckburg PB, Relman DA. The role of microbes in Crohn's disease. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 256-62. (Pubitemid 46079991)
    • (2007) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 256-262
    • Eckburg, P.B.1    Relman, D.A.2
  • 293
    • 0346734343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's disease: The cold chain hypothesis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15024-6
    • Hugot JP, Alberti C, Berrebi D et al. Crohn's disease: the cold chain hypothesis. Lancet 2003; 362: 2012-5. (Pubitemid 37548429)
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , Issue.9400 , pp. 2012-2015
    • Hugot, J.-P.1    Alberti, C.2    Berrebi, D.3    Bingen, E.4    Cezard, J.-P.5
  • 295
    • 0031990995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the fecal stream in Crohn's disease: An historical and analytic review
    • Janowitz HD, Croen EC, Sachar DB. The role of the fecal stream in Crohn's disease: an historical and analytic review. Inflamm Bowel Dis 1998; 4 : 29-39. (Pubitemid 128699834)
    • (1998) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-39
    • Janowitz, H.D.1    Croen, E.C.2    Sachar, D.B.3
  • 296
  • 298
    • 77955428694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly developed antibiotic combination therapy for ulcerative colitis: A double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trial
    • Ohkusa T, Kato K, Terao T et al. Newly developed antibiotic combination therapy for ulcerative colitis: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 1820-9.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 1820-9
    • Ohkusa, T.1    Kato, K.2    Terao, T.3
  • 303
    • 0022392051 scopus 로고
    • Double blind controlled trial of oral vancomycin as adjunctive treatment in acute exacerbations of idiopathic colitis
    • Dickinson RJ, O'Connor HJ, Pinder I et al. Double blind controlled trial of oral vancomycin as adjunctive treatment in acute exacerbations of idiopathic colitis. Gut 1985; 26: 1380-4. (Pubitemid 16134465)
    • (1985) Gut , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 1380-1384
    • Dickinson, R.J.1    O'Connor, H.J.2    Pinder, I.3
  • 306
    • 0028197568 scopus 로고
    • Antimycobacterial therapy in Crohn's disease: Results of a controlled, double-blind trial with a multiple antibiotic regimen
    • Prantera C, Kohn A, Mangiarotti R et al. Antimycobacterial therapy in Crohn's disease: results of a controlled, double-blind trial with a multiple antibiotic regimen. Am J Gastroenterol 1994; 89: 513-8. (Pubitemid 24106215)
    • (1994) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.89 , Issue.4 , pp. 513-518
    • Prantera, C.1    Kohn, A.2    Mangiarotti, R.3    Andreoli, A.4    Luzi, C.5
  • 309
    • 0000614417 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged remission in Crohn' s disease following therapy for mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection
    • Graham DY, Al-Assi MT, Robinson M. Prolonged remission in Crohn' s disease following therapy for mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: A826.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108
    • Graham, D.Y.1    Al-Assi, M.T.2    Robinson, M.3
  • 311
    • 0025887808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double blind, placebo controlled trial of metronidazole in Crohn's disease
    • 199
    • Sutherland L, Singleton J, Sessions J et al. Double blind, placebo controlled trial of metronidazole in Crohn's disease. Gut 199; 32: 1071-5.
    • Gut , vol.32 , pp. 1071-5
    • Sutherland, L.1    Singleton, J.2    Sessions, J.3
  • 313
    • 0025889990 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of antimycobacterial therapy in Crohn's disease. Clofazimine vs. placebo
    • Afdhal NH, Long A, Lennon J et al. Controlled trial of antimycobacterial therapy in Crohn's disease. Clofazimine vs. placebo. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 449-53.
    • (1991) Dig Dis Sci , vol.36 , pp. 449-53
    • Afdhal, N.H.1    Long, A.2    Lennon, J.3
  • 315
    • 79953800794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifaximin-EIR (extended intestinal release) 400 mg tablets in the treatment of moderately active Crohn's disease: Results of the international multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial RETIC-03
    • Prantera C, Lochs H, Giochetti P et al. Rifaximin-EIR (extended intestinal release) 400 mg tablets in the treatment of moderately active Crohn's disease: results of the international multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial RETIC-03. Gut 2010; 59 (Suppl III): A1.
    • (2010) Gut , vol.59 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Prantera, C.1    Lochs, H.2    Giochetti, P.3
  • 317
    • 77956410790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Topical Metronidazole in Perianal Crohn's Study Group. Randomized clinical trial of metronidazole ointment vs. placebo in perianal Crohn's disease
    • Maeda Y, Ng SC, Durdey P, et al., The Topical Metronidazole in Perianal Crohn's Study Group. Randomized clinical trial of metronidazole ointment vs. placebo in perianal Crohn's disease. Br J Surg 2010; 97: 1340-7.
    • (2010) Br J Surg , vol.97 , pp. 1340-7
    • Maeda, Y.1    Ng, S.C.2    Durdey, P.3
  • 318
    • 61949132271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ciprofloxacin or metronidazole for the treatment of perianal fi stulas in patients with Crohn's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study
    • Th ia KT, Mahadevan U, Feagan BG et al. Ciprofloxacin or metronidazole for the treatment of perianal fi stulas in patients with Crohn's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009; 15: 17-24.
    • (2009) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.15 , pp. 17-24
    • Thia, K.T.1    Mahadevan, U.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 319
    • 76349114941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of adult Crohn's disease in population-based cohorts
    • Peyrin-Biroulet L, Loft us EV Jr, Colombel JF et al. The natural history of adult Crohn's disease in population-based cohorts. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 289-97.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 289-97
    • Peyrin-Biroulet, L.1    Loftus Jr., E.V.2    Colombel, J.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.