HIV-1 neuropathogenesis: Therapeutic strategies against neuronal loss induced by gp120/Tat glycoprotein in the central nervous system;Neuropatogénesis inducida por el virus del sida: Estrategias terapéuticas frente a la neurodegeneración inducida por la glucoproteína gp120/Tat en el sistema nervioso central

Revista de Neurologia

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 101-111

  Merino Martín, José J ^a   Montes, M Luisa ^b   Blanco, Almudena ^c   Bustos, María J ^a   Oreja Guevara, Celia ^a   Bayón, Carmen ^a   Cuadrado, Antonio ^d   Lubrini, Genny ^a   Cambrón, Irene ^a   Muñoz, Ainoa ^a   Cebolla, Susana ^a   Gutiérrez Fernández, María ^a   Bernardino, José I ^b   Arribas, José R ^b   Fiala, Milan ^e  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO LA PAZ IDIPAZ   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

^c HOSPITAL GENERAL UNIVERSITARIO GREGORIO MARAÑÓN   (Spain)

^d AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF MADRID   (Spain)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Chemokines; CX3CR1 fractalkine; CXCR4 SDF 1; HIV 1; NeuroAIDS; Neuroinflammation

Indexed keywords

ALPHA SYNUCLEIN; AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; CASPASE 3; CD163 ANTIGEN; CERAMIDE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CX3CR1; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR1; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR4; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR5; ERYTHROPOIETIN; FRACTALKINE; GLYCOPROTEIN GP 120; GROWTH HORMONE; LIPID PEROXIDE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; MINOCYCLINE; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; OSTEOPONTIN; PROTEIN P53; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN; SELEGILINE; SOMATOMEDIN C; TRANSACTIVATOR PROTEIN; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

APOPTOSIS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CYTOKINE RELEASE; GLIOSIS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; MICROGLIA; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NEUROTOXICITY; PATHOGENESIS; REVIEW; ANIMAL; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); ENCEPHALITIS; HIV ASSOCIATED DEMENTIA; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNOLOGY; METABOLISM; NERVE CELL; NERVE DEGENERATION; PATHOGENICITY; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; VIROLOGY;

AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; ANIMALS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; APOPTOSIS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; ENCEPHALITIS; HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEURONS; RECEPTORS, CXCR4; TAT GENE PRODUCTS, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS;

EID: 79952203801     PISSN: 02100010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.33588/rn.5202.2010185     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Navia BA, Cho ES, Petito CK, Price RW. The AIDS dementia complex: II. Neuropathology. Ann Neurol 1986; 19: 525-35.
2. Navia BA, Jordan BD, Price RW. The AIDS dementia complex: I. Clinical features. Ann Neurol 1986; 19: 517-24.
3. Berger JR, Nath A. HIV dementia and the basal ganglia. Intervirology 1997; 40: 122-31. (Pubitemid 28021606)
4. Everall I, Vaida F, Khanlou N, Lazzaretto D, Achim C, Letendre S, et al. Cliniconeuropathologic correlates of human immunodeficiency virus in the era of antiretroviral therapy. J Neurovirol 2009; 8: 1-11.
5. Ellis RJ. Clinical trials in HIV CNS disease and treatment management. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2007; 2: 20-5.
6. Martin SC, Wolters PL, Toledo-Tamula MA, Zeichner SL, Hazra R, Civitello L. Cognitive functioning in school-aged children with vertically acquired HIV infection being treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Dev Neuropsychol 2006; 30: 633-57. (Pubitemid 44619821)
7. Antinori A, Arendt G, Becker JT, Brew BJ, Byrd DA, Cherner M, et al. Updated research nosology for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Neurology 2007; 69: 1789-99. (Pubitemid 350059308)
8. Bachis A, Biggio F, Major EO, Mocchetti I. M- and T-tropic HIVs promote apoptosis in rat neurons. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2009; 4: 150-60.
9. Genis P, Jett M, Bernton EW, Boyle T, Gelbard HA, Dzenko K, et al. Cytokines and arachidonic metabolites produced during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected macrophage-astroglia interactions: implications for the neuropathogenesis of HIV disease. J Exp Med 1992; 176: 1703-18.
10. Asensio VC, Campbell IL. Chemokines in the CNS: plurifunctional mediators in diverse states. Trends Neurosci 1999; 22: 504-12. (Pubitemid 29481851)
11. Merino JJ, Khan MZ, Bartolomé F, Fatatis A, Meucci O. Fractalkine down regulates neural cell adhesion molecule-NCAM 180- and PSA-NCAM in cortical neurons 6 DIV: regulation of chemokines upon neuroplastic changes in the rat prefrontal cortex in 'in vivo' and 'in vitro'. FASEB J 2008; 22: 449.
12. Merino JJ, Aller M, Rubio S, Loscertales M, Nava MP, Arias J, et al. Splanchnic-brain crosstalk mediated by chemokines in portal hypertensive rats. Int J Gastroenterol 2009; 7: 2.
13. Cartier L, Hartley O, Dubois-Dauphin M, Krause KH. Chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2005; 48: 16-42. (Pubitemid 40215781)
14. Miller RJ, Meucci O. AIDS and the brain: is there a chemokine connection? Trends Neurosci 1999; 22: 471-9.
15. Kaul M, Garden GA, Lipton SA. Pathways to neuronal injury and apoptosis in HIV-associated dementia. Nature 2001; 410: 988-94. (Pubitemid 32335850)
16. Zhang K, McQuibban GA, Silva C, Butler GS, Johnston JB, Holden J, et al. HIV-induced metalloproteinase processing of SDF-1 causes neurodegeneration. Nat Neurosci 2003; 6: 1064-71.
17. Cinque P, Bestetti A, Marenzi R, Sala S, Gisslen M, Hagberg L, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10, CXCL10) in HIV-1 infection. J Neuroimmunol 2005; 168: 154-63. (Pubitemid 41396413)
18. Winkler C, Modi W, Smith MW, Nelson GW, Wu X, Carrington M, et al. Genetic restriction of AIDS pathogenesis by an SDF-1 chemokine gene variant. ALIVE Study, Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS), Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study (MHCS), San Francisco City Cohort (SFCC). Science 1998; 279: 389-93.
19. Crews L, Patrick C, Achim CL, Everall IP, Masliah E. Molecular pathology of neuro-AIDS (CNS-HIV). Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10: 1045-63.
20. Childers ME, Woods SP, Letendre S, McCutchan JA, Rosario D, Grant I, et al. Cognitive functioning during highly active antiretroviral therapy interruption in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Neurovirol 2008; 18: 1-8.
21. Letendre S, Marquie-Beck J, Capparelli E, Best B, Clifford D, Collier AC, et al. Validation of the CNS penetration-effectiveness rank for quantifying antiretroviral penetration into the central nervous system. Arch Neurol 2008; 65: 65-70.
22. Kaul M, Lipton SA. Chemokines and activated macrophages in HIV gp120-induced neuronal apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96: 8212-6. (Pubitemid 29328434)
23. Xing HQ, Hayakawa H, Gelpi E, Kubota R, Budka H, Izumo S. Reduced expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 and diffuse microglial activation in the cerebral cortex in AIDS cases with or without HIV encephalitis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2009; 68: 199-209.
24. Sui Y, Li S, Pinson D, Adany I, Li Z, Villinger F, et al. Simian human immunodeficiency virus-associated pneumonia correlates with increased expression of MCP-1, CXCL10, and viral RNA in the lungs of rhesus macaques. Am J Pathol 2005; 166: 355-65. (Pubitemid 40189034)
25. Bezzi P, Domercq M, Brambilla L, Galli R, Schols D, De Clercq E, et al. CXCR4-activated astrocyte glutamate release via TNFalpha: amplification by microglia triggers neurotoxicity. Nat Neurosci 2001; 4: 702-10. (Pubitemid 32595408)
26. Rostène W, Kitabgi P, Parsadaniantz SM. Chemokines: a new class of neuromodulator? Nat Rev Neurosci 2007; 8: 895-903.
27. Gendelman HE. Biomarkers, laboratory, and animal models for the design and development of adjunctive therapies for HIV-1 dementia and other neuroinflammatory disorders. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2007; 2: 8-13.
28. Masliah E, Geb N, Cristian L, DeTeresab R, Wileyd C. Patterns of neurodegeneration in HIV encephalitis. J Neuro-AIDS 1995; 1: 161-73. (Pubitemid 26040742)
29. Bellizzi MJ, Lu SM, Gelbard HA. Protecting the synapse: evidence for a rational strategy to treat HIV-1 associated neurologic disease. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2006; 1: 20-31. (Pubitemid 44257497)
30. Kim HJ, Martemyanov KA, Thayer SA. Human immunodeficiency virus protein Tat induces synapse loss via a reversible process that is distinct from cell death. Neuroscience 2008; 28: 12604-13.
31. Okamoto S, Kang YJ, Brechtel CW, Siviglia E, Russo R, Clemente A, et al. HIV/gp120. Decreases adult neural progenitor cell proliferation via checkpoint kinase-mediated cell-cycle withdrawal and G1 arrest cell stem. Cell 2007; 1: 230-6.
32. Khanlou N, Moore DJ, Chana G, Cherner M, Lazzaretto D, Dawes S, et al. Increased frequency of alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra in human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Neurovirol 2009; 15: 131-8.
33. Levy-Dweck S. HIV/AIDS fifty and older: a hidden and growing population. J Gerontol Soc Work 2005; 46: 37-50. (Pubitemid 44830187)
34. Esiri MM, Biddolph SC, Morris CS. Prevalence of Alzheimer plaques in AIDS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998; 65: 29-33. (Pubitemid 28302353)
35. D'Aversa TG, Eugenin EA, Berman JW. CD40-CD40 ligand interactions in human microglia induce CXCL8 (interleukin-8) secretion by a mechanism dependent on activation of ERK1/2 and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). J Neurosci Res 2008; 86: 630-9. (Pubitemid 351204476)
36. Roberts ES, Masliah E, Fox HS. CD163 identifies a unique population of ramified microglia in HIV encephalitis (HIVE). J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2004; 63: 1255-64. (Pubitemid 39603397)
37. Cosenza-Nashat MA, Kim MO, Zhao ML, Suh HS, Lee SC. CD45 isoform expression in microglia and inflammatory cells in HIV-1 encephalitis. Brain Pathol 2006; 16: 256-65.
38. Walker DG, Dalsing-Hernández JE, Campbell NA, Lue LF. Decreased expression of CD200 and CD200 receptor in Alzheimer's disease: a potential mechanism leading to chronic inflammation. Exp Neurol 2009; 215: 5-19.
39. Chapman GA, Moores K, Harrison D, Campbell CA, Stewart BR, Strijbos PJ. Fractalkine cleavage from neuronal membranes represents an acute event in the inflammatory response to excitotoxic brain damage. J Neurosci 2000; 20: RC87.
40. Zujovic V, Benavides J, Vigé X, Carter C, Taupin V. Fractalkine modulates TNF-alpha secretion and neurotoxicity induced by microglial activation. Glia 2000; 29: 305-15. (Pubitemid 30121421)
41. Cardona AE, Pioro EP, Sasse ME, Kostenko V, Cardona SM, Dijkstra IM, et al. Control of microglial neurotoxicity by the fractalkine receptor. Nat Neurosci 2006; 9: 917-24. (Pubitemid 43980506)
42. Meucci O, Fatatis A, Simen AA, Bushell TJ, Gray PW, Miller RJ. Chemokines regulate hippocampal neuronal signaling and gp120 neurotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95: 14500-5. (Pubitemid 28549396)
43. Ré DB, Przedborski S. Fractalkine: moving from chemotaxis to neuroprotection. Nat Neurosci 2006; 9: 859-61. (Pubitemid 43982534)
44. Chen S, Luo D, Streit WJ, Harrison JK. TGF-beta1 upregulates CX3CR1 expression and inhibits fractalkine-stimulated signaling in rat microglia. J Neuroimmunol 2002; 133: 46-55. (Pubitemid 35346727)
45. Shan S, Hong-Min T, Yi F, Jun-Peng G, Yue F, Yan-Hong T, et al. New evidences for fractalkine/CX3CL1 involved in substantia nigral microglial activation and behavioral changes in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2009; Apr 14. [Epub ahead of print].
46. Innamorato NG, Lastres-Becker I, Cuadrado A. Role of microglial redox balance in modulation of neuroinflammation. Curr Opin Neurol 2009; 22: 308-14.
47. Langford D, Masliah E. Crosstalk between components of the blood brain barrier and cells of the CNS in microglial activation in AIDS. Brain Pathol 2001; 11: 306-12. (Pubitemid 32494573)
48. Nguyen TB, Lucero GR, Chana G, Hult BJ, Tatro ET, Masliah E, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) inhibitors AR-A014418 and B6B3O prevent human immunodeficiency virus-mediated neurotoxicity in primary human neurons. J Neurovirol 2009; 17: 1-5.
49. Eugenin EA, King JE, Nath A, Calderon TM, Zukin RS, Bennett MV, et al. HIV-tat induces formation of an LRP-PSD-95-NMDAR-nNOS complex that promotes apoptosis in neurons and astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104: 3438-43. (Pubitemid 46364177)
50. Liu Y, Jones M, Hingtgen CM, Bu G, Laribee N, Tanzi RE, et al. Uptake of HIV-1 tat protein mediated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein disrupts the neuronal metabolic balance of the receptor ligands. Nat Med 2000; 6: 1380-7. (Pubitemid 32001023)
51. Corder EH, Robertson K, Lannfelt L, Bogdanovic N, Eggertsen G, Wilkins J, et al. HIV-infected subjects with the E4 allele for APOE have excess dementia and peripheral neuropathy. Nat Med 1998; 4: 1182-4. (Pubitemid 28468833)
52. Arundhati J, Kalipada P. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 induces apoptosis in human primary neurons through redox-regulated activation of neutral sphingomyelinase. J Neurosci 2004; 24: 9531-40.
53. Sacktor N, Haughey N, Cutler R, Tamara A, Turchan J, Pardo C, et al. Novel markers of oxidative stress in actively progressive HIV dementia. J Neuroimmunol 2004; 157: 176-84. (Pubitemid 39576652)
54. Boven LA, Gomes L, Hery C, Gray F, Verhoef J, Portegies P, et al. Increased peroxynitrite activity in AIDS dementia complex: implications for the neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. J Immunol 1999; 162: 4319-27. (Pubitemid 29314824)
55. Bachis A, Mocchetti I. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and not the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediates gp120 neurotoxicity in cerebellar granule cells. J Neurosci Res 2004; 75: 75-82. (Pubitemid 38049408)
56. Khan MZ, Shimizua S, Jeegar P, Nelson A, My-Thao LE, Mullen M, et al. Regulation of neuronal P53 activity by CXCR4. Mol Cell Neurosci 2005; 30: 58-66. (Pubitemid 41133340)
57. Khan MZ, Brandimarti R, Patel J, Huynh N, Wang J, Huang Z, et al. Apoptotic and antiapoptotic effects of CXCR4: is it a matter of intrinsic efficacy? Implications for HIV neuropathogenesis. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20: 1063-71. (Pubitemid 39392011)
58. Garden GA, Guo W, Jayadev S, Tun C, Balcaitis S, Choi J, et al. HIV associated neurodegeneration requires p53 in neurons and microglia. FASEB J 2004; 18: 1141-3. (Pubitemid 39561550)
59. Wojna V, Skolasky RL, Hechavarría R, Mayo R, Selnes O, McArthur JC, et al. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cognitive impairment in a group of hispanic women at risk for neurological impairment J Neurovirol 2006; 12: 356-64.
60. Huang JS, Letendre S, Marquie-Beck J, Cherner M, McCutchan JA, Grant I, et al. Low CSF leptin levels are associated with worse learning and memory performance in HIV-infected men. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2007; 2: 352-8.
61. Sporer B, Kastenbauer S, Koedel U, Arendt G, Pfister HW. Increased intrathecal release of soluble fractalkine in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2003; 19: 111-6. (Pubitemid 36308048)
62. Burdo TH, Ellis RJ, Fox HS. Osteopontin is increased in HIV-associated dementia. J Infect Dis 2008; 198: 715-22.
63. Marcondes MC, Lanigan CM, Burdo TH, Watry DD, Fox HS. Increased expression of monocyte CD44v6 correlates with the development o encephalitis in rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 2008; 197: 1567-76. (Pubitemid 351706487)
64. Wikoff WR, Pendyala G, Siuzdak G, Fox HS. Metabolomic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid reveals changes in phospholipase expression in the CNS of SIV-infected macaques. J Clin Invest 2008; 118: 2661-9. (Pubitemid 351949793)
65. Fischer-Smith T, Croul S, Sverstiuk AE, Capini C, L'Heureux D, Régulier EG, et al. CNS invasion by CD14+/CD16+ peripheral blood-derived monocytes in HIV dementia: perivascular accumulation and reservoir of HIV infection. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 528-41.
66. Trøseid M, Nowak P, Nyström J, Lindkvist A, Abdurahman S, Sönnerborg A. Elevated plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide and high mobility group box-1 protein are associated with high viral load in HIV-1 infection: reduction by 2-year antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2010; 24: 1733-7.
67. Guimarães JS, Freire MAM, Lima RR, Souza-Rodrigues RD, Costa AMR, Dos Santos CD, et al. Mecanismos de degeneración secundaria en el sistema nervioso central durante los trastornos neuronales agudos y el daño en la sustancia blanca. Rev Neurol 2009; 48: 304-10.
68. Nguyen TB, Lucero GR, Chana G, Hult BJ, Tatro ET, Masliah E, et al. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) inhibitors AR-A014418 and B6B3O prevent human immunodeficiency virus-mediated neurotoxicity in primary human neurons. J Neurovirol 2009; 15: 434-8.
69. Letendre SL, Woods SP, Ellis RJ, Atkinson JH, Masliah E, Van den Brande G, et al. Lithium improves HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment. AIDS 2006; 20: 1885-8. (Pubitemid 44358907)
70. Schifitto G, Zhang J, Evans SR, Sacktor N, Simpson D, Millar LL, et al. A multicenter trial of selegiline transdermal system for HIV-associated cognitive impairment. Neurology 2009; 69: 1314-21. (Pubitemid 47482445)
71. Schifitto G, Navia BA, Yiannoutsos CT, Marra CM, Chang L, Ernst T, et al. Memantine and HIV-associated cognitive impairment: a neuropsychological and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. AIDS 2007; 21: 1877-86. (Pubitemid 47329764)
72. Walsh KA, Megyesi JF, Wilson JX, Crukley J, Laubach VE, Hammond RR. Antioxidant protection from HIV-1 gp120-induced neuroglial toxicity. J Neuroinflammation 2004; 1: 8.
73. Si Q, Cosenza M, Kim MO, Zhao ML, Brownlee M, Goldstein H, et al. A novel action of minocycline: inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in microglia. J Neurovirol 2004; 10: 284-92. (Pubitemid 39429939)
74. Yilmaz A, Watson V, Else L, Gisslèn M. Cerebrospinal fluid maraviroc concentrations in HIV-1 infected patients. AIDS 2009; 23: 2537-40.
75. González E, Rovin BH, Sen L, Cooke G, Dhanda R, Mummidi S, et al. 2002. HIV-1 infection and AIDS dementia are influenced by a mutant MCP-1 allele linked to increased monocyte infiltration of tissues and MCP-1 levels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99: 13795-800. (Pubitemid 35215460)
76. Merino JJ, Vallejo-Cremades MT, Blanco A, Montes ML, Cuadrado A, Álvarez S, et al. Human growth hormone (GH) regulates cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and prevents gp120 III beta induced dendritic retraction in cortical neurons. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 228: 199.
77. Perrella O, Finelli E, Perrella A, Tartaglia G, Scognamiglio P, Scalera G. Combined therapy with zidovudine, recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factors and erythropoietin in asymptomatic HIV patients. J Chemother 1996; 8: 63-6. (Pubitemid 26068445)
78. Mahajan SD, Roy I, Xu G, Yong KT, Ding H, Aalinkeel R, et al. Enhancing the delivery of anti retroviral drug 'Saquinavir' across the blood brain barrier using nanoparticles. Curr HIV Res 2010; 8: 396-404.