메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1707-1717

Charge separation at molecular donor-acceptor interfaces: Correlation between morphology and solar cell performance

Author keywords

Fullerene; interface morphology; organic heterojunctions; organic photovoltaic cells; perylene derivative

Indexed keywords

AMBIPOLAR; CELL ARCHITECTURES; CHARGE SEPARATIONS; CHARGE-CARRIER TRANSPORT; DONOR AND ACCEPTOR; EXCITONIC SOLAR CELLS; INTERFACE MORPHOLOGIES; MOLECULAR DONORS; ORGANIC HETEROJUNCTIONS; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; PERYLENE DERIVATIVES; PREPARATION CONDITIONS; SOLAR CELL PERFORMANCE;

EID: 78650059914     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2010.2048096     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (53)

References (77)
  • 2
    • 0037444852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing organic to inorganic photovoltaic cells: Theory, experiment, and simulation
    • B. A. Gregg and M. C. Hanna, "Comparing organic to inorganic photovoltaic cells: Theory, experiment, and simulation, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 3605-3614, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.93 , pp. 3605-3614
    • Gregg, B.A.1    Hanna, M.C.2
  • 3
    • 19944397831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The photoconversion mechanism of excitonic solar cells
    • B. A. Gregg, "The photoconversion mechanism of excitonic solar cells, " MRS Bull., vol. 30, pp. 20-22, 2005.
    • (2005) MRS Bull. , vol.30 , pp. 20-22
    • Gregg, B.A.1
  • 4
    • 62649113857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies of molecular organic semiconductors
    • P. I. Djurovich, E. I. Mayo, S. R. Forrest, and M. E. Thompson, "Measurement of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies of molecular organic semiconductors, " Org. Electron., vol. 10, pp. 515-520, 2009.
    • (2009) Org. Electron. , vol.10 , pp. 515-520
    • Djurovich, P.I.1    Mayo, E.I.2    Forrest, S.R.3    Thompson, M.E.4
  • 5
    • 0022594397 scopus 로고
    • Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell
    • C. W. Tang, "Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 48, pp. 183-185, 1986.
    • (1986) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.48 , pp. 183-185
    • Tang, C.W.1
  • 6
    • 19944403238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The limits to organic photovoltaic cell efficiency
    • S. Forrest, "The limits to organic photovoltaic cell efficiency, " MRS Bull., vol. 30, pp. 28-32, 2005.
    • (2005) MRS Bull. , vol.30 , pp. 28-32
    • Forrest, S.1
  • 7
    • 0037389306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small molecular weight organic thin-film photodetectors and solar cells
    • P. Peumans, A. Yakimov, and S. R. Forrest, "Small molecular weight organic thin-film photodetectors and solar cells, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 3693-3723, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.93 , pp. 3693-3723
    • Peumans, P.1    Yakimov, A.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 8
    • 0002216156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full temporal resolution of the two-step photoinduced energy-electron transfer in a fullerene-oligothiophene-fullerene triad using sub-10 fs pump-probe spectroscopy
    • P. A. van Hal, R. A. J. Janssen, G. Lanzani, G. Cerullo, M. Zavelani-Rossi, and S. D. Silvestri, "Full temporal resolution of the two-step photoinduced energy-electron transfer in a fullerene-oligothiophene- fullerene triad using sub-10 fs pump-probe spectroscopy, " Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 345, pp. 33-38, 2001.
    • (2001) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.345 , pp. 33-38
    • Van Hal, P.A.1    Janssen, R.A.J.2    Lanzani, G.3    Cerullo, G.4    Zavelani-Rossi, M.5    Silvestri, S.D.6
  • 9
    • 0141480967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells using small-molecular-weight organic thin films
    • P. Peumans, S. Uchida, and S. Forrest, "Efficient bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells using small-molecular-weight organic thin films, " Nature, vol. 425, pp. 158-162, 2003.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.425 , pp. 158-162
    • Peumans, P.1    Uchida, S.2    Forrest, S.3
  • 10
    • 46449107930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of optical interference on exciton diffusion length measurements using photocurrent spectroscopy
    • S.-B. Rim and P. Peumans, "The effects of optical interference on exciton diffusion length measurements using photocurrent spectroscopy, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 103, pp. 124515-1-124515-5, 2008.
    • (2008) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.103 , pp. 1245151-1245155
    • Rim, S.-B.1    Peumans, P.2
  • 11
    • 62549113492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exciton diffusion lengths of organic semiconductor thin films measured by spectrally resolved photoluminescence quenching
    • R. R. Lunt, N. C. Giebink, A. A. Belak, J. B. Benziger, and S. R. Forrest, "Exciton diffusion lengths of organic semiconductor thin films measured by spectrally resolved photoluminescence quenching, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 105, pp. 053711-1-053711-7, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.105 , pp. 0537111-0537117
    • Lunt, R.R.1    Giebink, N.C.2    Belak, A.A.3    Benziger, J.B.4    Forrest, S.R.5
  • 13
    • 0029483704 scopus 로고
    • Polymer photovoltaic cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions
    • G. Yu, J. Gao, J. C. Hummelen, F. Wudl, and A. J. Heeger, "Polymer photovoltaic cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions, " Science, vol. 270, pp. 1789-1791, 1995.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1789-1791
    • Yu, G.1    Gao, J.2    Hummelen, J.C.3    Wudl, F.4    Heeger, A.J.5
  • 17
    • 66149086912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer-fullerene bulkheterojunction solar cells
    • G. Dennler, M. C. Scharber, and C. J. Brabec, "Polymer-fullerene bulkheterojunction solar cells, " Adv. Mater., vol. 21, pp. 1323-1338, 2009.
    • (2009) Adv. Mater. , vol.21 , pp. 1323-1338
    • Dennler, G.1    Scharber, M.C.2    Brabec, C.J.3
  • 18
    • 2942590926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating the morphology of poly (p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends to solar-cell performance
    • J. van Duren, X. Yang, J. Loos, C. Bulle-Lieuwma, A. Sieval, J. Hummelen, and R. Janssen, "Relating the morphology of poly (p-phenylene vinylene)/methanofullerene blends to solar-cell performance, " Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 14, pp. 425-434, 2004.
    • (2004) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.14 , pp. 425-434
    • Van Duren, J.1    Yang, X.2    Loos, J.3    Bulle-Lieuwma, C.4    Sieval, A.5    Hummelen, J.6    Janssen, R.7
  • 19
    • 34247553333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A microscopic model for the behavior of nanostructured organic photovoltaic devices
    • R. A. Marsh, C. Groves, and N. C. Greenham, "A microscopic model for the behavior of nanostructured organic photovoltaic devices, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 101, pp. 083509-1-083509-7, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.101 , pp. 0835091-0835097
    • Marsh, R.A.1    Groves, C.2    Greenham, N.C.3
  • 20
    • 0034651497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monochromatic versus solar efficiencies of organic solar cells
    • J. Rostalski and D. Meissner, "Monochromatic versus solar efficiencies of organic solar cells, " Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cell., vol. 61, pp. 87-95, 2000.
    • (2000) Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cell. , vol.61 , pp. 87-95
    • Rostalski, J.1    Meissner, D.2
  • 22
    • 13144282747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hybrid planar-mixed molecular heterojunction photovoltaic cell
    • J. Xue, B. Rand, S. Uchida, and S. Forrest, "A hybrid planar-mixed molecular heterojunction photovoltaic cell, " Adv. Mater., vol. 17, pp. 66-71, 2005.
    • (2005) Adv. Mater. , vol.17 , pp. 66-71
    • Xue, J.1    Rand, B.2    Uchida, S.3    Forrest, S.4
  • 23
    • 1542678772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of code-position on the performance of CuPc-C60 heterojunction photovoltaic devices
    • P. Sullivan, S. Heutz, S. M. Schultes, and T. S. Jones, "Influence of code-position on the performance of CuPc-C60 heterojunction photovoltaic devices, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, pp. 1210-1212, 2004.
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.84 , pp. 1210-1212
    • Sullivan, P.1    Heutz, S.2    Schultes, S.M.3    Jones, T.S.4
  • 24
    • 2642527217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of molecular architecture and intermixing on the photovoltaic, morphological and spectroscopic properties of CuPc-C60 heterojunctions
    • S. Heutz, P. Sullivan, B. M. Sanderson, S. M. Schultes, and T. S. Jones, "Influence of molecular architecture and intermixing on the photovoltaic, morphological and spectroscopic properties of CuPc-C60 heterojunctions, " Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cell., vol. 83, pp. 229-245, 2004.
    • (2004) Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cell. , vol.83 , pp. 229-245
    • Heutz, S.1    Sullivan, P.2    Sanderson, B.M.3    Schultes, S.M.4    Jones, T.S.5
  • 25
    • 22944461091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology control and material mixing by high-temperature organic vapor-phase deposition and its application to thin-film solar cells
    • F. Yang, M. Shtein, and S. R. Forrest, "Morphology control and material mixing by high-temperature organic vapor-phase deposition and its application to thin-film solar cells, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 98, pp. 014906-1-014906-10, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.98 , pp. 0149061-01490610
    • Yang, F.1    Shtein, M.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 27
    • 33645309064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic properties of the organic semiconductor interfaces CuPc/C60 and C60/CuPc
    • O. V. Molodtsova and M. Knupfer, "Electronic properties of the organic semiconductor interfaces CuPc/C60 and C60/CuPc, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 99, pp. 053704-1-053704-7, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.99 , pp. 0537041-0537047
    • Molodtsova, O.V.1    Knupfer, M.2
  • 28
    • 49349105389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of transport levels of organic semiconductors by UPS and IPS
    • S. Krause, M. B. Casu, A. Schöll, and E. Umbach, "Determination of transport levels of organic semiconductors by UPS and IPS, " New J. Phys., vol. 10, pp. 085001-1-085001-7, 2008.
    • (2008) New J. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 0850011-0850017
    • Krause, S.1    Casu, M.B.2    Schöll, A.3    Umbach, E.4
  • 29
    • 67849083348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlating carrier type with frontier molecular orbital energy levels in organic thin film transistors of functionalized acene derivatives
    • M. L. Tang, A. D. Reichardt, P. Wei, and Z. Bao, "Correlating carrier type with frontier molecular orbital energy levels in organic thin film transistors of functionalized acene derivatives, " J. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 131, pp. 5264-5273, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 5264-5273
    • Tang, M.L.1    Reichardt, A.D.2    Wei, P.3    Bao, Z.4
  • 33
    • 73849084585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular semiconductor blends: Microstructure, charge carrier transport and application in photovoltaic cells
    • A. Opitz, J. Wagner, M. Bronner, W. Brütting, A. Hinderhofer, and F. Schreiber, "Molecular semiconductor blends: Microstructure, charge carrier transport and application in photovoltaic cells, " Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), vol. 206, pp. 2683-2694, 2009.
    • (2009) Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) , vol.206 , pp. 2683-2694
    • Opitz, A.1    Wagner, J.2    Bronner, M.3    Brütting, W.4    Hinderhofer, A.5    Schreiber, F.6
  • 34
    • 58149267455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and electronic properties of pentacene-fullerene heterojunctions
    • I. Salzmann, S. Duhm, R. Opitz, R. L. Johnson, J. P. Rabe, and N. Koch, "Structural and electronic properties of pentacene-fullerene heterojunctions, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 104, pp. 114518-1-114518-11, 2008.
    • (2008) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.104 , pp. 1145181-11451811
    • Salzmann, I.1    Duhm, S.2    Opitz, R.3    Johnson, R.L.4    Rabe, J.P.5    Koch, N.6
  • 35
    • 33749621410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate measurement and characterization of organic solar cells
    • V. Shrotriya, G. Li, Y. Yao, T. Moriarty, K. Emery, and Y. Yang, "Accurate measurement and characterization of organic solar cells, " Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 16, pp. 2016-2023, 2006.
    • (2006) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.16 , pp. 2016-2023
    • Shrotriya, V.1    Li, G.2    Yao, Y.3    Moriarty, T.4    Emery, K.5    Yang, Y.6
  • 36
    • 0035476953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exciton diffusion and optical interference in organic donor-acceptor photovoltaic cells
    • T. Stübinger and W. Brütting, "Exciton diffusion and optical interference in organic donor-acceptor photovoltaic cells, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 90, pp. 3632-3641, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.90 , pp. 3632-3641
    • Stübinger, T.1    Brütting, W.2
  • 38
    • 29744433798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed donor-acceptor molecular heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications. I. Material properties
    • B. P. Rand, J. G. Xue, S. Uchida, and S. R. Forrest, "Mixed donor-acceptor molecular heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications. I. Material properties, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 98, pp. 124902-1-124902-7, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.98 , pp. 1249021-1249027
    • Rand, B.P.1    Xue, J.G.2    Uchida, S.3    Forrest, S.R.4
  • 39
    • 34047104428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambipolar charge carrier transport in mixed organic layers of phthalocyanine and fullerene
    • A. Opitz, M. Bronner, and W. Brütting, "Ambipolar charge carrier transport in mixed organic layers of phthalocyanine and fullerene, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 101, pp. 063709-1-063709-9, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.101 , pp. 0637091-0637099
    • Opitz, A.1    Bronner, M.2    Brütting, W.3
  • 40
    • 30444458725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuning optoelectronic properties of ambipolar organic light-emitting transistors using a bulk-heterojunction approach
    • M. A. Loi, C. Rost-Bietsch, M. Murgia, S. Karg, W. Rieß, and M. Muccini, "Tuning optoelectronic properties of ambipolar organic light-emitting transistors using a bulk-heterojunction approach, " Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 16, pp. 41-47, 2006.
    • (2006) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.16 , pp. 41-47
    • Loi, M.A.1    Rost-Bietsch, C.2    Murgia, M.3    Karg, S.4    Rieß, W.5    Muccini, M.6
  • 41
    • 47149088039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambipolar charge carrier transport in organic semiconductor blends of phthalocyanine and fullerene
    • M. Bronner, A. Opitz, and W. Brütting, "Ambipolar charge carrier transport in organic semiconductor blends of phthalocyanine and fullerene, " Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), vol. 205, pp. 549-563, 2008.
    • (2008) Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) , vol.205 , pp. 549-563
    • Bronner, M.1    Opitz, A.2    Brütting, W.3
  • 42
  • 43
    • 34249699103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic properties of organic semiconductor blends: Ambipolar mixtures of phthalocyanine and fullerene
    • A. Opitz, M. Bronner, W. Brütting, M. Himmerlich, J. A. Schaefer, and S. Krischok, "Electronic properties of organic semiconductor blends: Ambipolar mixtures of phthalocyanine and fullerene, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 90, pp. 212112-1-212112-3, 2007.
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.90 , pp. 2121121-2121123
    • Opitz, A.1    Bronner, M.2    Brütting, W.3    Himmerlich, M.4    Schaefer, J.A.5    Krischok, S.6
  • 44
    • 50849100121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of open circuit voltage in planar and bulk heterojunction organic thin-film photovoltaics depending on doped transport layers
    • C. Uhrich, D. Wynands, S. Olthof, M. K. Riede, K. Leo, S. Sonntag, B. Maennig, and M. Pfeiffer, "Origin of open circuit voltage in planar and bulk heterojunction organic thin-film photovoltaics depending on doped transport layers, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 104, pp. 043107-1-043107-6, 2008.
    • (2008) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.104 , pp. 0431071-0431076
    • Uhrich, C.1    Wynands, D.2    Olthof, S.3    Riede, M.K.4    Leo, K.5    Sonntag, S.6    Maennig, B.7    Pfeiffer, M.8
  • 45
    • 70349342819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic thin film photovoltaic cells based on planar and mixed heterojunctions between fullerene and a low bandgap oligothiophene
    • D. Wynands, B. Männig, M. Riede, K. Leo, E. Brier, E. Reinold, and P. Bäuerle, "Organic thin film photovoltaic cells based on planar and mixed heterojunctions between fullerene and a low bandgap oligothiophene, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 106, pp. 054509-1-054509-5, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.106 , pp. 0545091-0545095
    • Wynands, D.1    Männig, B.2    Riede, M.3    Leo, K.4    Brier, E.5    Reinold, E.6    Bäuerle, P.7
  • 46
    • 1442263703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors limiting the efficiency of molecular photovoltaic devices
    • J. Nelson, J. Kirkpatrick, and P. Ravirajan, "Factors limiting the efficiency of molecular photovoltaic devices, " Phys. Rev. B, vol. 69, pp. 035337-1-035337-11, 2004.
    • (2004) Phys. Rev. B , vol.69 , pp. 0353371-03533711
    • Nelson, J.1    Kirkpatrick, J.2    Ravirajan, P.3
  • 47
    • 49049087706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 60) heterojunction solar cells: Device performance and degradation mechanisms
    • 60) heterojunction solar cells: Device performance and degradation mechanisms, " Org. Electron., vol. 9, pp. 656-660, 2008.
    • (2008) Org. Electron. , vol.9 , pp. 656-660
    • Sullivan, P.1    Jones, T.2
  • 48
    • 67249135684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipole induced anomalous S-shape I-V curves in polymer solar cells
    • A. Kumar, S. Sista, and Y. Yang, "Dipole induced anomalous S-shape I-V curves in polymer solar cells, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 105, pp. 094512-1-094512-6, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.105 , pp. 0945121-0945126
    • Kumar, A.1    Sista, S.2    Yang, Y.3
  • 51
    • 0001749356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient photon harvesting at high optical intensities in ultrathin organic double-heterostructure photovoltaic diodes
    • P. Peumans, V. Bulović, and S. R. Forrest, "Efficient photon harvesting at high optical intensities in ultrathin organic double- heterostructure photovoltaic diodes, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 76, pp. 2650-2652, 2000.
    • (2000) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.76 , pp. 2650-2652
    • Peumans, P.1    Bulović, V.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 52
    • 58349113908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open circuit voltage enhancement due to reduced dark current in small molecule photovoltaic cells
    • N. Li, B. E. Lassiter, R. R. Lunt, G. Wei, and S. R. Forrest, "Open circuit voltage enhancement due to reduced dark current in small molecule photovoltaic cells, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 94, pp. 023307-1-023307-3, 2009.
    • (2009) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.94 , pp. 0233071-0233073
    • Li, N.1    Lassiter, B.E.2    Lunt, R.R.3    Wei, G.4    Forrest, S.R.5
  • 54
    • 63749084847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing the morphology of metal multilayer films for indium tin oxide ITO-free inverted organic solar cells
    • J. Meiss, M. K. Riede, and K. Leo, "Optimizing the morphology of metal multilayer films for indium tin oxide ITO-free inverted organic solar cells, " J. Appl. Phys., vol. 105, pp. 063108-1-063108-5, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.105 , pp. 0631081-0631085
    • Meiss, J.1    Riede, M.K.2    Leo, K.3
  • 55
    • 2942558844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic properties of interfaces between model organic semiconductors and metals
    • M. Knupfer and H. Peisert, "Electronic properties of interfaces between model organic semiconductors and metals, " Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), vol. 201, pp. 1055-1074, 2004.
    • (2004) Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) , vol.201 , pp. 1055-1074
    • Knupfer, M.1    Peisert, H.2
  • 57
    • 69649095402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed crystalline films of co-evaporated hydrogen-and fluorine-terminated phthalocyanines and their application in photovoltaic devices
    • A. Opitz, B. Ecker, J. Wagner, A. Hinderhofer, F. Schreiber, J. Manara, J. Pflaum, and W. Brütting, "Mixed crystalline films of co-evaporated hydrogen-and fluorine-terminated phthalocyanines and their application in photovoltaic devices, " Org. Electron., vol. 10, pp. 1259-1267, 2009.
    • (2009) Org. Electron. , vol.10 , pp. 1259-1267
    • Opitz, A.1    Ecker, B.2    Wagner, J.3    Hinderhofer, A.4    Schreiber, F.5    Manara, J.6    Pflaum, J.7    Brütting, W.8
  • 58
    • 47949127367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural order in perfluoropentacene thin films and heterostructures with pentacene
    • I. Salzmann, S. Duhm, G. Heimel, J. P. Rabe, N. Koch, M. Oehzelt, Y. Sakamoto, and T. Suzuki, "Structural order in perfluoropentacene thin films and heterostructures with pentacene, " Langmuir, vol. 24, pp. 7294-7298, 2008.
    • (2008) Langmuir , vol.24 , pp. 7294-7298
    • Salzmann, I.1    Duhm, S.2    Heimel, G.3    Rabe, J.P.4    Koch, N.5    Oehzelt, M.6    Sakamoto, Y.7    Suzuki, T.8
  • 59
    • 38349181835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-nanometer control of the interlayer spacing in thin films of intercalated rodlike conjugated molecules
    • J.-O. Vogel, I. Salzmann, R. Opitz, S. Duhm, B. Nickel, J. P. Rabe, and N. Koch, "Sub-nanometer control of the interlayer spacing in thin films of intercalated rodlike conjugated molecules, " J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 111, pp. 14 097-14 101, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.111 , pp. 14097-14101
    • Vogel, J.-O.1    Salzmann, I.2    Opitz, R.3    Duhm, S.4    Nickel, B.5    Rabe, J.P.6    Koch, N.7
  • 60
    • 34347377169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature-independent field-induced charge separation at doped organic/organic interfaces: Experimental modeling of electrical properties
    • M. Kröger, S. Hamwi, J. Meyer, T. Dobbertin, T. Riedl, W. Kowalsky, and H.-H. Johannes, "Temperature-independent field-induced charge separation at doped organic/organic interfaces: Experimental modeling of electrical properties, " Phys. Rev. B, vol. 75, pp. 235321-1-235321-8, 2007.
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. B , vol.75 , pp. 2353211-2353218
    • Kröger, M.1    Hamwi, S.2    Meyer, J.3    Dobbertin, T.4    Riedl, T.5    Kowalsky, W.6    Johannes, H.-H.7
  • 61
    • 33847301145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semiconductors for organic transistors
    • A. Facchetti, "Semiconductors for organic transistors, " Mater. Today, vol. 10, pp. 28-37, 2007.
    • (2007) Mater. Today , vol.10 , pp. 28-37
    • Facchetti, A.1
  • 63
    • 33845383164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 60 small molecule based organic solar cells
    • 60 small molecule based organic solar cells, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, pp. 213506-1-213506-3, 2006.
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 2135061-2135063
    • Pandey, A.K.1    Nunzi, J.-M.2
  • 64
  • 65
    • 0031211519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and preferred crystallographic orientation of hexaphenyl thin films
    • R. Resel, N. Koch, F. Meghdadi, G. Leising, W. Unzog, and K. Reichmann, "Growth and preferred crystallographic orientation of hexaphenyl thin films, " Thin Solid Films, vol. 305, pp. 232-242, 1997.
    • (1997) Thin Solid Films , vol.305 , pp. 232-242
    • Resel, R.1    Koch, N.2    Meghdadi, F.3    Leising, G.4    Unzog, W.5    Reichmann, K.6
  • 66
    • 5044235833 scopus 로고
    • X-ray determination of the crystal structure and orientation of vacuum evaporated sexithiophene films
    • B. Servet, S. Ries, M. Trotel, P. Alnot, G. Horowitz, and F. Garnier, "X-ray determination of the crystal structure and orientation of vacuum evaporated sexithiophene films, " Adv. Mater., vol. 5, pp. 461-464, 1993.
    • (1993) Adv. Mater. , vol.5 , pp. 461-464
    • Servet, B.1    Ries, S.2    Trotel, M.3    Alnot, P.4    Horowitz, G.5    Garnier, F.6
  • 68
    • 33747821061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between ambipolar transport and structural phase transition in diindenoperylene single crystals
    • A. K. Tripathi and J. Pflaum, "Correlation between ambipolar transport and structural phase transition in diindenoperylene single crystals, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, pp. 082103-1-082103-3, 2006.
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 0821031-0821033
    • Tripathi, A.K.1    Pflaum, J.2
  • 69
    • 41649101426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exciton diffusion length in the organic semiconductor diindenoperylene
    • D. Kurrle and J. Pflaum, "Exciton diffusion length in the organic semiconductor diindenoperylene, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 92, pp. 133306-1-133306-3, 2008.
    • (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.92 , pp. 1333061-1333063
    • Kurrle, D.1    Pflaum, J.2
  • 70
    • 77950228960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between crystalline order and exciton diffusion length in molecular organic semiconductors
    • R. R. Lunt, J. B. Benziger, and S. R. Forrest, "Relationship between crystalline order and exciton diffusion length in molecular organic semiconductors, " Adv. Mater., vol. 22, pp. 1233-1236, 2010.
    • (2010) Adv. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 1233-1236
    • Lunt, R.R.1    Benziger, J.B.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 72
    • 33947701671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Offset energies at organic semiconductor heterojunctions and their influence on the open-circuit voltage of thin-film solar cells
    • B. P. Rand, D. P. Burk, and S. R. Forrest, "Offset energies at organic semiconductor heterojunctions and their influence on the open-circuit voltage of thin-film solar cells, " Phys. Rev. B, vol. 75, pp. 115327-1-115327-11, 2007.
    • (2007) Phys. Rev. B , vol.75 , pp. 1153271-11532711
    • Rand, B.P.1    Burk, D.P.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 76
    • 33947602407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flexible conjugated polymer photovoltaic cells with controlled heterojunctions fabricated using nanoimprint lithography
    • M.-S. Kim, J.-S. Kim, J. C. Cho, M. Shtein, L. J. Guo, and J. Kim, "Flexible conjugated polymer photovoltaic cells with controlled heterojunctions fabricated using nanoimprint lithography, " Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 90, pp. 123113-1-123113-3, 2007.
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.90 , pp. 1231131-1231133
    • Kim, M.-S.1    Kim, J.-S.2    Cho, J.C.3    Shtein, M.4    Guo, L.J.5    Kim, J.6
  • 77
    • 56349119355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoimprinted semiconducting polymer films with 50 nm features and their application to organic heterojunction solar cells
    • D. Cheyns, K. Vasseur, C. Rolin, J. Genoe, J. Poortmans, and P. Heremans, "Nanoimprinted semiconducting polymer films with 50 nm features and their application to organic heterojunction solar cells, " Nanotechnology, vol. 19, pp. 424016-1-424016-6, 2008.
    • (2008) Nanotechnology , vol.19 , pp. 4240161-4240166
    • Cheyns, D.1    Vasseur, K.2    Rolin, C.3    Genoe, J.4    Poortmans, J.5    Heremans, P.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.