메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 76, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 405-490

Paedomorphosis, Secondary Woodiness, and Insular Woodiness in Plants

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 78649996205     PISSN: 00068101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12229-010-9057-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (203)
  • 1
    • 0032895759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rps16 intron and the phylogeny of the Rubioideae (Rubiaceae)
    • Andersson, L. & J. H. E. Rova. 1999. The rps16 intron and the phylogeny of the Rubioideae (Rubiaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 214: 161-186.
    • (1999) Plant Systematics and Evolution , vol.214 , pp. 161-186
    • Andersson, L.1    Rova, J.H.E.2
  • 2
    • 28644442583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history affects the evolution of reproductive isolation among species of Coreopsis (Asteraceae)
    • Archibald, J. K., M. E. Mort, D. J. Crawford & J. K. Kelly. 2005. Life history affects the evolution of reproductive isolation among species of Coreopsis (Asteraceae). Evolution 59: 2362-2369.
    • (2005) Evolution , vol.59 , pp. 2362-2369
    • Archibald, J.K.1    Mort, M.E.2    Crawford, D.J.3    Kelly, J.K.4
  • 3
    • 0033301473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental factors on development of wood
    • Arnold, D. H. & J. D. Mauseth. 1999. Effects of environmental factors on development of wood. American Journal of Botany 86: 367-371.
    • (1999) American Journal of Botany , vol.86 , pp. 367-371
    • Arnold, D.H.1    Mauseth, J.D.2
  • 4
    • 0030452464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallelism and reversibility in xylem evolution-A review
    • Baas, P. & E. A. Wheeler. 1996. Parallelism and reversibility in xylem evolution-A review. IAWA Journal 17: 351-364.
    • (1996) IAWA Journal , vol.17 , pp. 351-364
    • Baas, P.1    Wheeler, E.A.2
  • 5
    • 0000269927 scopus 로고
    • The development of vessels in angiosperms and its significance in morphological research
    • Bailey, I. W. 1944. The development of vessels in angiosperms and its significance in morphological research. American Journal of Botany 31: 421-428.
    • (1944) American Journal of Botany , vol.31 , pp. 421-428
    • Bailey, I.W.1
  • 6
    • 0001038722 scopus 로고
    • Size variation in tracheary cells. I. A comparison between the secondary xylems of vascular cryptogams, gymnosperms and angiosperms
    • --- & W. W. Tupper. 1918. Size variation in tracheary cells. I. A comparison between the secondary xylems of vascular cryptogams, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 54: 149-204.
    • (1918) Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , vol.54 , pp. 149-204
    • Bailey, I.W.1    Tupper, W.W.2
  • 7
    • 0032482931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and rate of diversification of the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Compositae)
    • Baldwin, B. G. & M. J. Sanderson. 1998. Age and rate of diversification of the Hawaiian silversword alliance (Compositae). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95: 9402-9406.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , vol.95 , pp. 9402-9406
    • Baldwin, B.G.1    Sanderson, M.J.2
  • 8
    • 0036126570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear rDNA evidence for major lineages of helenioid Heliantheae (Compositae)
    • ---, B. L. Wessa & J. L. Panero. 2002. Nuclear rDNA evidence for major lineages of helenioid Heliantheae (Compositae). Systematic Botany 27: 161-198.
    • (2002) Systematic Botany , vol.27 , pp. 161-198
    • Baldwin, B.G.1    Wessa, B.L.2    Panero, J.L.3
  • 9
    • 4544286046 scopus 로고
    • Edinburgh: Notes of the Royal Botanical Garden
    • Balfour, I. B. & W. W. Smith. 1914. Kingonia uniflora. In: Diagnoses specierum novarum LI-CII (Species Chinenses). Notes of the Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh 8: 191-192.
    • (1914) Kingdonia , vol.8 , pp. 191
    • Balfour, I.B.1    Smith, W.W.2
  • 10
    • 84977299341 scopus 로고
    • Arborescent habit in angiosperms. A review (continued)
    • Bancroft, H. 1930. Arborescent habit in angiosperms. A review (continued). New Phytologist 29: 227-275.
    • (1930) New Phytologist , vol.29 , pp. 227-275
    • Bancroft, H.1
  • 12
    • 0008922204 scopus 로고
    • The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. I. The primitive ray structure
    • Barghoorn, E. S., Jr. 1940. The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. I. The primitive ray structure. American Journal of Botany 27: 918-928.
    • (1940) American Journal of Botany , vol.27 , pp. 918-928
    • Barghoorn Jr., E.S.1
  • 13
    • 0008068349 scopus 로고
    • The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. II. Modification of the multiseriate and uniseriate rays
    • ---. 1941a. The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. II. Modification of the multiseriate and uniseriate rays. American Journal of Botany 28: 273-282.
    • (1941) American Journal of Botany , vol.28 , pp. 273-282
    • Barghoorn Jr., E.S.1
  • 14
    • 0001054392 scopus 로고
    • The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. III. The elimination of rays
    • ---. 1941b. The ontogenetic development and phylogenetic specialization of rays in the xylem of dicotyledons. III. The elimination of rays. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 68: 317-325.
    • (1941) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.68 , pp. 317-325
    • Barghoorn Jr., E.S.1
  • 15
    • 0024880689 scopus 로고
    • Seed-germination ecophysiology of Jeffersonia diphylla, a perennial herb of mesic deciduous forests
    • Baskin, J. M. & C. C. Baskin. 1989. Seed-germination ecophysiology of Jeffersonia diphylla, a perennial herb of mesic deciduous forests. American Journal of Botany 76: 1073-1080.
    • (1989) American Journal of Botany , vol.76 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Baskin, J.M.1    Baskin, C.C.2
  • 17
    • 0000604543 scopus 로고
    • Variation in quantitative anatomical features of the xylem of selected dicotyledon woods in relation to water availability
    • Bissing, D. R. 1982. Variation in quantitative anatomical features of the xylem of selected dicotyledon woods in relation to water availability. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 189: 371-384.
    • (1982) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.189 , pp. 371-384
    • Bissing, D.R.1
  • 18
    • 0029862499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Island colonization and evolution of the insular woody habit in Echium L. (Boraginaceae)
    • Bohle, U. R., H. H. Hilger & W. F. Martin. 1996. Island colonization and evolution of the insular woody habit in Echium L. (Boraginaceae). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93: 11740-11745.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , vol.93 , pp. 11740-11745
    • Bohle, U.R.1    Hilger, H.H.2    Martin, W.F.3
  • 21
    • 0000590924 scopus 로고
    • Response of understory herbs to soil depth gradients in high and low diversity communities
    • Bratton, S. P. 1976. Response of understory herbs to soil depth gradients in high and low diversity communities. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 103: 165-172.
    • (1976) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.103 , pp. 165-172
    • Bratton, S.P.1
  • 22
    • 0002601302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic studies within Rubiaceae and relationships to other families based on molecular data
    • Bremer, B. 1996. Phylogenetic studies within Rubiaceae and relationships to other families based on molecular data. Opera Botanica Belgica 7: 33-50.
    • (1996) Opera Botanica Belgica , vol.7 , pp. 33-50
    • Bremer, B.1
  • 23
    • 10344252067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships of the Macaronesian and Mediterranean floras: Molecular evidence for multiple colonizations into Macaronesia and back-colonization of the continent in Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae)
    • Carine, M. A., S. J. Russell, A. Santos-Guerra & J. Francisco-Ortega. 2004. Relationships of the Macaronesian and Mediterranean floras: Molecular evidence for multiple colonizations into Macaronesia and back-colonization of the continent in Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae). American Journal of Botany 91: 1070-1085.
    • (2004) American Journal of Botany , vol.91 , pp. 1070-1085
    • Carine, M.A.1    Russell, S.J.2    Santos-Guerra, A.3    Francisco-Ortega, J.4
  • 24
    • 0002147916 scopus 로고
    • A theory of paedomorphosis in dicotyledonous woods
    • Carlquist, S. 1962. A theory of paedomorphosis in dicotyledonous woods. Phytomorphology 12: 30-45.
    • (1962) Phytomorphology , vol.12 , pp. 30-45
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 25
    • 0003110430 scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomy of Compositae: A summary, with comments on factors controlling wood evolution
    • ---. 1966. Wood anatomy of Compositae: A summary, with comments on factors controlling wood evolution. Aliso 6: 25-44.
    • (1966) Aliso , vol.6 , pp. 25-44
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 26
    • 0001116207 scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomy of insular species of Plantago and problem of raylessness
    • ---. 1970. Wood anatomy of insular species of Plantago and the problem of raylessness. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 97: 353-361.
    • (1970) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.97 , pp. 353-361
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 27
    • 0003876246 scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Columbia University Press
    • ---. 1974. Island biology. Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
    • (1974) Island Biology
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 28
    • 0343373401 scopus 로고
    • Woody anatomy of Calyceraceae and Valerianaceae, with comments on aberrant perforation plates in predominately hebacous groups of dicotyledons
    • ---. 1983. Woody anatomy of Calyceraceae and Valerianaceae, with comments on aberrant perforation plates in predominately hebacous groups of dicotyledons. Aliso 10: 413-425.
    • (1983) Aliso , vol.10 , pp. 413-425
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 29
    • 0013575253 scopus 로고
    • Ecological wood anatomy of the woody southern California flora
    • ---. 1985. Ecological wood anatomy of the woody southern California flora. IAWA Journal 6: 319-347.
    • (1985) IAWA Journal , vol.6 , pp. 319-347
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 30
    • 0001627185 scopus 로고
    • Wood and bark anatomy of Empetraceae: Comments on paedomorphosis in woods of certain small shrubs
    • ---. 1989. Wood and bark anatomy of Empetraceae: Comments on paedomorphosis in woods of certain small shrubs. Aliso 12: 497-515.
    • (1989) Aliso , vol.12 , pp. 497-515
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 31
    • 0000239391 scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomy of sympetalous dicotyledon families-A summary, with comments on systematic relationships and evolution of the woody habit
    • ---. 1992. Wood anatomy of sympetalous dicotyledon families-A summary, with comments on systematic relationships and evolution of the woody habit. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79: 303-332.
    • (1992) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.79 , pp. 303-332
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 32
    • 0042195000 scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomy of Berberidaceae: Ecological and phylogenetic considerations
    • ---. 1995a. Wood anatomy of Berberidaceae: Ecological and phylogenetic considerations. Aliso 14: 85-103.
    • (1995) Aliso , vol.14 , pp. 85-103
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 33
    • 0042696086 scopus 로고
    • Wood and bark anatomy of Ranunculaceae (including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae
    • ---. 1995b. Wood and bark anatomy of Ranunculaceae (including Hydrastis) and Glaucidiaceae. Aliso 14: 65-84.
    • (1995) Aliso , vol.14 , pp. 65-84
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 34
    • 0030892529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pentaphragma: A unique wood and its significance
    • ---. 1997. Pentaphragma: A unique wood and its significance. IAWA Journal 18: 3-12.
    • (1997) Iawa Journal , vol.18 , pp. 3-12
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 36
    • 0037232953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood anatomy of Polygonaceae: Analysis of a family with exceptional wood diversity
    • ---. 2003. Wood anatomy of Polygonaceae: Analysis of a family with exceptional wood diversity. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 25-51.
    • (2003) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.141 , pp. 25-51
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 37
    • 34547803217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successive cambia revisited: Ontogeny, histology, diversity, and functional significance
    • ---. 2007. Successive cambia revisited: Ontogeny, histology, diversity, and functional significance. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134: 301-332.
    • (2007) The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society , vol.134 , pp. 301-332
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 38
    • 70350169744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem heterochrony: An unappreciated key to angiosperm origin and diversifications
    • ---. 2009. Xylem heterochrony: An unappreciated key to angiosperm origin and diversifications. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 25-65.
    • (2009) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.161 , pp. 25-65
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 39
    • 0036236913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary xylem development in Arabidopsis: A model for wood formation
    • Chaffey, N., E. Cholewa, S. Regan & B. Sundberg. 2002. Secondary xylem development in Arabidopsis: A model for wood formation. Physiologia Plantarum 114: 594-600.
    • (2002) Physiologia Plantarum , vol.114 , pp. 594-600
    • Chaffey, N.1    Cholewa, E.2    Regan, S.3    Sundberg, B.4
  • 40
    • 77956983156 scopus 로고
    • The phylogenetic value of certain anatomical features of docotyledonous woods
    • Chalk, L. 1937. The phylogenetic value of certain anatomical features of docotyledonous woods. Annals of Botany 1: 409-428.
    • (1937) Annals of Botany , vol.1 , pp. 409-428
    • Chalk, L.1
  • 41
    • 33751312078 scopus 로고
    • Persistent juveniles among the cycads
    • Chrysler, M. A. 1937. Persistent juveniles among the cycads. Botanical Gazette 98: 696-710.
    • (1937) Botanical Gazette , vol.98 , pp. 696-710
    • Chrysler, M.A.1
  • 42
  • 43
    • 84954964873 scopus 로고
    • LOWESS: A program for smoothing scatterplots by robust locally weighted regression
    • ---. 1981. LOWESS: A program for smoothing scatterplots by robust locally weighted regression. The American Statistician 35: 54.
    • (1981) The American Statistician , vol.35 , pp. 54
    • Cleveland, W.S.1
  • 44
    • 78650027987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consortium of California Herbaria, Consortium of California Herbaria. Berkeley, CA. Available from, Accessed: August 28, 2009
    • Consortium of California Herbaria. 2008. Distribution of Coreopsis gigantea. Consortium of California Herbaria. Berkeley, CA. Available from http://ucjeps. berkeley. edu/cgi-bin/get_smasch_county. pl?taxon_id=2331 [Accessed: August 28, 2009].
    • (2008) Distribution of Coreopsis gigantea
  • 45
    • 0009638951 scopus 로고
    • Taxonomy of Coreopsis sect Pseudo-Agarista (Compositae) in Mexico with additional comments on sectional relationships in Mexican Coreopsis
    • Crawford, D. J. 1976. Taxonomy of Coreopsis sect Pseudo-Agarista (Compositae) in Mexico with additional comments on sectional relationships in Mexican Coreopsis. Brittonia 28: 329-336.
    • (1976) Brittonia , vol.28 , pp. 329-336
    • Crawford, D.J.1
  • 46
    • 33750215014 scopus 로고
    • Chromosome numbers and taxonomic notes for Mexican Coreopsis, sections Electra and Pseudoagarista (Compositae, Heliantheae)
    • ---. 1982. Chromosome numbers and taxonomic notes for Mexican Coreopsis, sections Electra and Pseudoagarista (Compositae, Heliantheae). Brittonia 34: 384-387.
    • (1982) Brittonia , vol.34 , pp. 384-387
    • Crawford, D.J.1
  • 47
    • 0344317757 scopus 로고
    • Allozyme divergence and the mode of speciation for Coreopsis gigantea and Coreopsis maritima (Compositae)
    • ---. & R. Whitkus. 1988. Allozyme divergence and the mode of speciation for Coreopsis gigantea and Coreopsis maritima (Compositae). Systematic Botany 13: 256-264.
    • (1988) Systematic Botany , vol.13 , pp. 256-264
    • Crawford, D.J.1    Whitkus, R.2
  • 48
    • 0000027267 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Compositae
    • Cronquist, A. 1955. Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Compositae. American Midland Naturalist 53: 478-511.
    • (1955) American Midland Naturalist , vol.53 , pp. 478-511
    • Cronquist, A.1
  • 52
    • 0030769296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age determination of dicotyledonous herbaceous perennials by means of annual rings: Exception or rule?
    • Dietz, H. & I. Ullmann. 1997. Age determination of dicotyledonous herbaceous perennials by means of annual rings: Exception or rule? Annals of Botany 80: 377-379.
    • (1997) Annals of Botany , vol.80 , pp. 377-379
    • Dietz, H.1    Ullmann, I.2
  • 53
    • 0036372101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual rings in native and introduced forbs of lower Michigan, USA
    • ---. & F. H. Schweingruber. 2002. Annual rings in native and introduced forbs of lower Michigan, USA. Canadian Journal of Botany 80: 642-649.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.80 , pp. 642-649
    • Dietz, H.1    Schweingruber, F.H.2
  • 54
    • 84979328094 scopus 로고
    • The Acacia type of vascular system and some of its derivatives. Introduction: Menispermaceae, Lardizabalaceae, and Berberidaceae
    • Dormer, K. J. 1954. The Acacia type of vascular system and some of its derivatives. Introduction: Menispermaceae, Lardizabalaceae, and Berberidaceae. New Phytologist 53: 301-311.
    • (1954) New Phytologist , vol.53 , pp. 301-311
    • Dormer, K.J.1
  • 55
    • 21344444797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal cactus phylogeny: Implications of Pereskia (Cactaceae) paraphyly for the transition to the cactus life form
    • Edwards, E. J., R. Nyffeler & M. J. Donoghue. 2005. Basal cactus phylogeny: Implications of Pereskia (Cactaceae) paraphyly for the transition to the cactus life form. American Journal of Botany 92: 1177-1188.
    • (2005) American Journal of Botany , vol.92 , pp. 1177-1188
    • Edwards, E.J.1    Nyffeler, R.2    Donoghue, M.J.3
  • 56
    • 67349090200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • eFloras, Missouri Botanical Garden & Harvard University Herbaria. St. Louis, Missouri & Cambridge, MA. Available from, [Accessed: 15 September, 2009]
    • eFloras. 2008. Published on the Internet. Missouri Botanical Garden & Harvard University Herbaria. St. Louis, Missouri & Cambridge, MA. Available from http://www. efloras. org [Accessed: 15 September, 2009].
    • (2008) Published on the Internet
  • 58
    • 0033849978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic plant morphology and anatomy-50 years of progress
    • Endress, P. K., P. Baas & M. Gregory. 2000. Systematic plant morphology and anatomy-50 years of progress. Taxon 49: 401-434.
    • (2000) Taxon , vol.49 , pp. 401-434
    • Endress, P.K.1    Baas, P.2    Gregory, M.3
  • 59
    • 0003862484 scopus 로고
    • New York, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
    • Esau, K. 1977. Anatomy of seed plants. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, New York.
    • (1977) Anatomy of Seed Plants
    • Esau, K.1
  • 61
    • 6344265750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetics and evolution of the Macaronesian members of the genus Aichryson (Crassulaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence
    • Fairfield, K. N., M. E. Mort & A. Santos-Guerra. 2004. Phylogenetics and evolution of the Macaronesian members of the genus Aichryson (Crassulaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence. Plant Systematics and Evolution 248: 71-83.
    • (2004) Plant Systematics and Evolution , vol.248 , pp. 71-83
    • Fairfield, K.N.1    Mort, M.E.2    Santos-Guerra, A.3
  • 64
    • 78650013561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council, Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. Available from, [Accessed: October 15, 2008]
    • Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2008. Nandina domestica. Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. Available from http://www. fleppc. org/ID_book/Nandina%20domestica. pdf [Accessed: October 15, 2008].
    • (2008) Nandina domestica
  • 65
    • 78650024928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floridata's Plant Encyclopedia
    • Available from, [Accessed: October 15, 2008]
    • Floridata's Plant Encyclopedia. 2008. Nadina domestica. Available from http://www. floridata. com/ref/N/nand_dom. cfm [Accessed: October 15, 2008].
    • (2008) Nadina domestica
  • 66
    • 0345574336 scopus 로고
    • A synopsis of Thai Menispermaceae
    • Foreman, L. L. 1988. A synopsis of Thai Menispermaceae. Kew Bulletin 43: 369-407.
    • (1988) Kew Bulletin , vol.43 , pp. 369-407
    • Foreman, L.L.1
  • 67
    • 0002171368 scopus 로고
    • Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. I. Origin of vessel
    • Frost, F. H. 1930a. Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. I. Origin of vessel. Botanical Gazette 89: 67-94.
    • (1930) Botanical Gazette , vol.89 , pp. 67-94
    • Frost, F.H.1
  • 68
    • 0009393554 scopus 로고
    • Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. II. Evolution of end wall of vessel segment
    • ---. 1930b. Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. II. Evolution of end wall of vessel segment. Botanical Gazette 90: 198-212.
    • (1930) Botanical Gazette , vol.90 , pp. 198-212
    • Frost, F.H.1
  • 69
    • 0040300802 scopus 로고
    • Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. III. Specialization of lateral wall of vessel segment
    • ---. 1931. Specialization in secondary xylem of dicotyledons. III. Specialization of lateral wall of vessel segment. Botanical Gazette 91: 88-96.
    • (1931) Botanical Gazette , vol.91 , pp. 88-96
    • Frost, F.H.1
  • 70
    • 0036130186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence from chloroplast and nuclear markers for multiple colonizations of Lavatera (Malvaceae) in the Canary Islands
    • Fuertes-Aguilar, J., M. F. Ray, J. Francisco-Ortega, A. Santos-Guerra & R. K. Jansen. 2002. Molecular evidence from chloroplast and nuclear markers for multiple colonizations of Lavatera (Malvaceae) in the Canary Islands. Systematic Botany 27: 74-83.
    • (2002) Systematic Botany , vol.27 , pp. 74-83
    • Fuertes-Aguilar, J.1    Ray, M.F.2    Francisco-Ortega, J.3    Santos-Guerra, A.4    Jansen, R.K.5
  • 71
    • 0005029369 scopus 로고
    • The biosystematics of Achlys
    • Fukada, I. 1967. The biosystematics of Achlys. Taxon 16: 308-316.
    • (1967) Taxon , vol.16 , pp. 308-316
    • Fukada, I.1
  • 72
    • 78650024261 scopus 로고
    • Achlys californica (Berberidaceae): A new species
    • ---. & H. Baker. 1970. Achlys californica (Berberidaceae): A new species. Taxon 19: 341-344.
    • (1970) Taxon , vol.19 , pp. 341-344
    • Fukada, I.1    Baker, H.2
  • 73
    • 0000004812 scopus 로고
    • Origin and development of axillary buds: Betula papyrifera Marsh and Euptelea polyandra Sieb. et Zucc
    • Garrison, R. 1949. Origin and development of axillary buds: Betula papyrifera Marsh and Euptelea polyandra Sieb. et Zucc. American Journal of Botany 36: 379-389.
    • (1949) American Journal of Botany , vol.36 , pp. 379-389
    • Garrison, R.1
  • 75
    • 0005386786 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary significance of ring porosity in woody angiosperms
    • Gilbert, S. G. 1940. Evolutionary significance of ring porosity in woody angiosperms. Botanical Gazette 102: 105-120.
    • (1940) Botanical Gazette , vol.102 , pp. 105-120
    • Gilbert, S.G.1
  • 76
    • 0020383043 scopus 로고
    • On the adaptive significance of leaf height in forest herbs
    • Givnish, T. J. 1982. On the adaptive significance of leaf height in forest herbs. The American Naturalist 120: 353-381.
    • (1982) The American Naturalist , vol.120 , pp. 353-381
    • Givnish, T.J.1
  • 77
    • 0002836785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive plant evolution on islands: Classical patterns, molecular data, new insights
    • P. R. Grant (Ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • ---. 1998. Adaptive plant evolution on islands: Classical patterns, molecular data, new insights. Pp 281-304. In: P. R. Grant (ed). Evolution on islands. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (1998) Evolution on Islands , pp. 281-304
    • Givnish, T.J.1
  • 78
    • 33749560637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular systematics of Descurainia (Brassicaceae) in the Canary Islands: Biogeographic and taxonomic implications
    • Goodson, B. E., A. Santos-Guerra & R. K. Jansen. 2006. Molecular systematics of Descurainia (Brassicaceae) in the Canary Islands: Biogeographic and taxonomic implications. Taxon 55: 671-682.
    • (2006) Taxon , vol.55 , pp. 671-682
    • Goodson, B.E.1    Santos-Guerra, A.2    Jansen, R.K.3
  • 80
    • 18144387300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What genes make a tree a tree?
    • Groover, A. T. 2005. What genes make a tree a tree? Trends in Plant Science 10: 210-214.
    • (2005) Trends in Plant Science , vol.10 , pp. 210-214
    • Groover, A.T.1
  • 82
    • 33745711709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaling of angiosperm xylem structure with safety and efficiency
    • ---, ---, J. K. Wheeler & L. Castro. 2006. Scaling of angiosperm xylem structure with safety and efficiency. Tree Physiology 26: 689-701.
    • (2006) Tree Physiology , vol.26 , pp. 689-701
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Wheeler, J.K.3    Castro, L.4
  • 83
    • 0024874559 scopus 로고
    • Early successional patterns of forest species-Interactions of life-history traits and disturbance
    • Halpern, C. B. 1989. Early successional patterns of forest species-Interactions of life-history traits and disturbance. Ecology 70: 704-720.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 704-720
    • Halpern, C.B.1
  • 84
    • 78650023990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of Texas at El Paso. El Paso, TX. Available from, [Accessed: November 7, 2008]
    • Harris, A. 2008. Red dahlia (Dahlia coccinea). Chihuahuan Desert Plants. University of Texas at El Paso. El Paso, TX. Available from http://museum. utep. edu/chih/gardens/plants/DtoF/Dahliacoccinea. htm [Accessed: November 7, 2008].
    • (2008) Red dahlia (Dahlia coccinea). Chihuahuan Desert Plants
    • Harris, A.1
  • 85
    • 0004277097 scopus 로고
    • V. H. Heywood, J. B. Harborne, and B. L. Turner (Eds.), London, UK: Academic
    • Heywood, V. H., J. B. Harborne & B. L. Turner (eds). 1977. The biology and chemistry of the Compositae. Academic, London, UK.
    • (1977) The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae
  • 86
    • 0001449680 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae based on epidermal microcharacters and macromorphology
    • Hoot, S. B. 1991. Phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae based on epidermal microcharacters and macromorphology. Systematic Botany 16: 741-755.
    • (1991) Systematic Botany , vol.16 , pp. 741-755
    • Hoot, S.B.1
  • 87
    • 0002334532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of basal eudicots based on three molecular data sets: atpB, rbcL, and 18S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences
    • ---, S. Magallon & P. R. Crane. 1999. Phylogeny of basal eudicots based on three molecular data sets: atpB, rbcL, and 18S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 86: 1-32.
    • (1999) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.86 , pp. 1-32
    • Hoot, S.B.1    Magallon, S.2    Crane, P.R.3
  • 89
    • 78650024523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • InsideWood. 2004-onwards. Published on the Internet. Raleigh, NC. Available from http://insidewood. lib. ncsu. edu [Accessed: 27 January, 2009].
  • 90
    • 0037714269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical architecture and development in Clematis: Implications for canalised evolution of growth forms
    • Isnard, S., T. Speck & N. P. Rowe. 2003. Mechanical architecture and development in Clematis: Implications for canalised evolution of growth forms. New Phytologist 158: 543-559.
    • (2003) New Phytologist , vol.158 , pp. 543-559
    • Isnard, S.1    Speck, T.2    Rowe, N.P.3
  • 91
    • 0344661951 scopus 로고
    • A cladistic study of North-American Coreopsis (Asteraceae, Heliantheae)
    • Jansen, R. K., E. B. Smith & D. J. Crawford. 1987. A cladistic study of North-American Coreopsis (Asteraceae, Heliantheae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 157: 73-84.
    • (1987) Plant Systematics and Evolution , vol.157 , pp. 73-84
    • Jansen, R.K.1    Smith, E.B.2    Crawford, D.J.3
  • 92
    • 0001246803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heteroblasty and preformation in mayapple, Podophyllum peltatum (Berberidaceae): Developmental flexibility and morphological constraint
    • Jones, C. S. & M. A. Watson. 2001. Heteroblasty and preformation in mayapple, Podophyllum peltatum (Berberidaceae): Developmental flexibility and morphological constraint. American Journal of Botany 88: 1340-1358.
    • (2001) American Journal of Botany , vol.88 , pp. 1340-1358
    • Jones, C.S.1    Watson, M.A.2
  • 93
    • 0034888166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive radiation of island plants: Evidence from Aeonium (Crassulaceae) of the Canary Islands
    • Jorgensen, T. H. & J. M. Olesen. 2001. Adaptive radiation of island plants: Evidence from Aeonium (Crassulaceae) of the Canary Islands. Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics 4: 29-42.
    • (2001) Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics , vol.4 , pp. 29-42
    • Jorgensen, T.H.1    Olesen, J.M.2
  • 95
    • 0038615786 scopus 로고
    • The phylogeny of the Papaveraceae sensu lato: Morphological, geographical and ecological implications
    • Kadereit, J. W., F. R. Blattner, K. B. Jork & A. Schwarzbach. 1995. The phylogeny of the Papaveraceae sensu lato: Morphological, geographical and ecological implications. Plant Systematics and Evolution 133-145.
    • (1995) Plant Systematics and Evolution , pp. 133-145
    • Kadereit, J.W.1    Blattner, F.R.2    Jork, F.R.3    Schwarzbach, A.4
  • 96
    • 0037598518 scopus 로고
    • Medicinal plants in the Republic of Korea
    • Kang, S. S. 1990. Medicinal plants in the Republic of Korea. Korean Journal of Pharmacology 21: 56-111.
    • (1990) Korean Journal of Pharmacology , vol.21 , pp. 56-111
    • Kang, S.S.1
  • 97
    • 78650018962 scopus 로고
    • (Kellogg) H. M. Hall. Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange. Berkeley, CA. Available from, [Accessed: August 28, 2009]
    • Keil, D. J. 1993. Coreopsis gigantea (Kellogg) H. M. Hall. Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange. Berkeley, CA. Available from http://ucjeps. berkeley. edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment. pl?609, 1008, 1013 [Accessed: August 28, 2009].
    • (1993) Coreopsis gigantea
    • Keil, D.J.1
  • 98
    • 78649986144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kemper Center for Home Gardening, Missouri Botanical Garden. St. Louis, MO. Available from, [Accessed: 24 September, 2009]
    • Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 2001-2009. Plant Finder. Missouri Botanical Garden. St. Louis, MO. Available from http://www. mobot. org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/serviceplantfinder. shtml [Accessed: 24 September, 2009].
    • (2001) Plant Finder
  • 99
    • 1642618449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships among early-diverging eudicots based on four genes: Were the eudicots ancestrally woody?
    • Kim, S., D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, M. J. Zanis & Y. Suh. 2004a. Phylogenetic relationships among early-diverging eudicots based on four genes: Were the eudicots ancestrally woody? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31: 16-30.
    • (2004) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , vol.31 , pp. 16-30
    • Kim, S.1    Soltis, D.E.2    Soltis, P.S.3    Zanis, M.J.4    Suh, Y.5
  • 100
    • 0029823561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common origin for woody Sonchus and five related genera in the Macaronesian islands: Molecular evidence for extensive radiation
    • Kim, S. C., D. J. Crawford, J. Francisco-Ortega & A. Santos-Guerra. 1996. A common origin for woody Sonchus and five related genera in the Macaronesian islands: Molecular evidence for extensive radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93: 7743-7748.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , vol.93 , pp. 7743-7748
    • Kim, S.C.1    Crawford, D.J.2    Francisco-Ortega, J.3    Santos-Guerra, A.4
  • 102
    • 0030425537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic implications of rbcL and ITS sequence variation in the Berberidaceae
    • Kim, Y. -D. & R. K. Jansen. 1996. Phylogenetic implications of rbcL and ITS sequence variation in the Berberidaceae. Systematic Botany 21: 381-396.
    • (1996) Systematic Botany , vol.21 , pp. 381-396
    • Kim, Y.-D.1    Jansen, R.K.2
  • 103
    • 0032229590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and phylogeny of the Berberidaceae
    • --- & ---. 1998. Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and phylogeny of the Berberidaceae. American Journal of Botany 85: 1766-1778.
    • (1998) American Journal of Botany , vol.85 , pp. 1766-1778
    • Kim, Y.D.1    Jansen, R.K.2
  • 105
    • 0036008864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fusiform cells in the cambium of Kalopanax pictus are exclusively mononucleate
    • Kitin, P., Y. Sano & R. Funada. 2002. Fusiform cells in the cambium of Kalopanax pictus are exclusively mononucleate. Journal of Experimental Botany 53: 483-488.
    • (2002) Journal of Experimental Botany , vol.53 , pp. 483-488
    • Kitin, P.1    Sano, Y.2    Funada, R.3
  • 106
    • 0034530848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis by confocal microscopy of the structure of cambium in the hardwood Kalopanax pictus
    • ---, R. Funada, Y. Sano & J. Ohtani. 2000. Analysis by confocal microscopy of the structure of cambium in the hardwood Kalopanax pictus. Annals of Botany 86: 1109-1117.
    • (2000) Annals of Botany , vol.86 , pp. 1109-1117
    • Kitin, P.1    Funada, R.2    Sano, Y.3    Ohtani, J.4
  • 107
    • 78650026672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (leatherleaf mahonia). UIPlants: Woody Ornamentals. University of Illinois at Urbana-Campaign. Urbana-Campaign, IL. Available from, [Accessed: September 24, 2008]
    • Kling, G. J., C. P. Lindsey, M. E. Zampardo, G. D. By & L. L. Hayden. 2008. Mahonia bealei (leatherleaf mahonia). UIPlants: Woody Ornamentals. University of Illinois at Urbana-Campaign. Urbana-Campaign, IL. Available from http://woodyplants. nres. uiuc. edu [Accessed: September 24, 2008].
    • (2008) Mahonia bealei
    • Kling, G.J.1    Lindsey, C.P.2    Zampardo, M.E.3    By, G.D.4    Hayden, L.L.5
  • 108
    • 0029178102 scopus 로고
    • The origin of Dendrosenecio within the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) based on chloroplast DNA evidence
    • Knox, E. B. & J. D. Palmer. 1995. The origin of Dendrosenecio within the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) based on chloroplast DNA evidence. American Journal of Botany 82: 1567-1573.
    • (1995) American Journal of Botany , vol.82 , pp. 1567-1573
    • Knox, E.B.1    Palmer, J.D.2
  • 109
    • 0000786205 scopus 로고
    • Salient lines of structural specialization in the wood rays of dicotyledons
    • Kribs, D. A. 1935. Salient lines of structural specialization in the wood rays of dicotyledons. Botanical Gazette 96: 547-557.
    • (1935) Botanical Gazette , vol.96 , pp. 547-557
    • Kribs, D.A.1
  • 110
    • 0001669183 scopus 로고
    • Salient lines of structural specialization in the wood parenchyma of dicotyledons
    • --- 1937. Salient lines of structural specialization in the wood parenchyma of dicotyledons. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 64: 177-187.
    • (1937) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.64 , pp. 177-187
    • Kribs, D.A.1
  • 113
    • 0007457968 scopus 로고
    • Morphology and biology of Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. with notes of affinities to the allied genera Hydrastis, Podophyllum, and Diphylleia. Journal of the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo
    • Kumazawa, M. 1930. Morphology and biology of Glaucidium palmatum Sieb. et Zucc. with notes of affinities to the allied genera Hydrastis, Podophyllum, and Diphylleia. Journal of the Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo. Botany 2: 345-380.
    • (1930) Botany , vol.2 , pp. 345-380
    • Kumazawa, M.1
  • 114
    • 0000367457 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony in ammonites
    • M. L. McKinney (Ed.), New York, NY: Plenum Press
    • Landman, N. 1988. Heterochrony in ammonites. Pp 159-182. In: M. L. McKinney (ed). Heterochrony in evolution: A multidisciplinary approach. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
    • (1988) Heterochrony in Evolution: A Multidisciplinary Approach , pp. 159-182
    • Landman, N.1
  • 115
    • 65349124890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Woodiness within the Spermacoceae-Knoxieae alliance (Rubiaceae): Retention of the basal woody condition in Rubiaceae or recent innovation?
    • Lens, F., I. Groeninckx, E. Smets & S. Dessein. 2009. Woodiness within the Spermacoceae-Knoxieae alliance (Rubiaceae): Retention of the basal woody condition in Rubiaceae or recent innovation? Annals of Botany 103: 1049-1064.
    • (2009) Annals of Botany , vol.103 , pp. 1049-1064
    • Lens, F.1    Groeninckx, I.2    Smets, E.3    Dessein, S.4
  • 117
    • 14244261994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative wood anatomy of the primuloid clade (Ericales s.l.)
    • ---, S. Jansen, P. Caris, L. Serlet & E. Smets. 2005b. Comparative wood anatomy of the primuloid clade (Ericales s. l.). Systematic Botany 30: 163-183.
    • (2005) Systematic Botany , vol.30 , pp. 163-183
    • Lens, F.1    Jansen, S.2    Caris, P.3    Serlet, L.4    Smets, E.5
  • 118
    • 34250339227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of wood anatomy in phylogeny reconstruction of Ericales
    • ---, J. Schonenberger, P. Baas, S. Jansen & E. Smets. 2007. The role of wood anatomy in phylogeny reconstruction of Ericales. Cladistics 23: 229-254.
    • (2007) Cladistics , vol.23 , pp. 229-254
    • Lens, F.1    Schonenberger, J.2    Baas, P.3    Jansen, S.4    Smets, E.5
  • 119
    • 0006004721 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony in gastropods: A neontological view
    • M. L. McKinney (Ed.), London: Plenum Press
    • Linberg, D. 1988. Heterochrony in gastropods: A neontological view. Pp 197-216. In: M. L. McKinney (ed). Heterochrony in evolution: A multidisciplinary approach. Plenum Press, London.
    • (1988) Heterochrony in Evolution: A Multidisciplinary Approach , pp. 197-216
    • Linberg, D.1
  • 120
    • 33947627109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth rings of roots in perennial forbs in Duolun grassland, Inner Mongolia, China
    • Liu, Y. B. & Q. B. Zhang. 2007. Growth rings of roots in perennial forbs in Duolun grassland, Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 49: 144-149.
    • (2007) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology , vol.49 , pp. 144-149
    • Liu, Y.B.1    Zhang, Q.B.2
  • 121
    • 0001348358 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic systematics of Berberidaceae and Ranunculales (Magnoliidae)
    • Loconte, H. & J. R. Estes. 1989. Phylogenetic systematics of Berberidaceae and Ranunculales (Magnoliidae). Systematic Botany 14: 565-579.
    • (1989) Systematic Botany , vol.14 , pp. 565-579
    • Loconte, H.1    Estes, J.R.2
  • 122
    • 0000860284 scopus 로고
    • Pauchycauly, vessel-elements, islands and the evolution of arborescence in 'herbacous' families
    • Mabberley, D. J. 1974. Pauchycauly, vessel-elements, islands and the evolution of arborescence in 'herbacous' families. New Phytologist 73: 977-984.
    • (1974) New Phytologist , vol.73 , pp. 977-984
    • Mabberley, D.J.1
  • 124
    • 0004200492 scopus 로고
    • Meno Park, CA, USA: Benjamin Cummings
    • Mauseth, J. D. 1988. Plant anatomy. Benjamin Cummings, Meno Park, CA, USA. Version 2. 0 http://mesquiteproject. org.
    • (1988) Plant Anatomy
    • Mauseth, J.D.1
  • 125
    • 1842419377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide-band tracheids are present in almost all species of Cactaceae
    • ---. 2004. Wide-band tracheids are present in almost all species of Cactaceae. Journal of Plant Research 117: 69-76.
    • (2004) Journal of Plant Research , vol.117 , pp. 69-76
    • Mauseth, J.D.1
  • 126
    • 33750478427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood in the cactus subfamily Opuntioideae has extremely diverse structure
    • ---. 2006a. Wood in the cactus subfamily Opuntioideae has extremely diverse structure. Bradleya 24: 93-106.
    • (2006) Bradleya , vol.24 , pp. 93-106
    • Mauseth, J.D.1
  • 127
    • 33750441460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae
    • ---. 2006b. Structure-function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. Annals of Botany 98: 901-926.
    • (2006) Annals of Botany , vol.98 , pp. 901-926
    • Mauseth, J.D.1
  • 128
    • 0028796350 scopus 로고
    • Developmentally variable, polymorphic woods in Cacti
    • --- & B. J. Plemons. 1995. Developmentally variable, polymorphic woods in Cacti. American Journal of Botany 82: 1199-1205.
    • (1995) American Journal of Botany , vol.82 , pp. 1199-1205
    • Mauseth, J.D.1    Plemons, B.J.2
  • 129
    • 0032228819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of extreme xeromorphic characters in wood: A study of nine evolutionary lines in Cactaceae
    • --- & B. J. Plemons-Rodriguez. 1998. Evolution of extreme xeromorphic characters in wood: A study of nine evolutionary lines in Cactaceae. American Journal of Botany 85: 209-218.
    • (1998) American Journal of Botany , vol.85 , pp. 209-218
    • Mauseth, J.D.1    Plemons-Rodriguez, B.J.2
  • 130
    • 0034978757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Root wood differs strongly from shoot wood within individual plants of many Cactaceae
    • --- & M. E. Stone-Palmquist. 2001. Root wood differs strongly from shoot wood within individual plants of many Cactaceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 162: 767-776.
    • (2001) International Journal of Plant Sciences , vol.162 , pp. 767-776
    • Mauseth, J.D.1    Stone-Palmquist, M.E.2
  • 131
    • 0002896722 scopus 로고
    • Classifying heterochrony allometry, size, and time
    • M. L. McKinney (Ed.), London: Plenum Press
    • McKinney, M. L. 1988. Classifying heterochrony allometry, size, and time. Pp 17-34. In: M. L. McKinney (ed). Heterochrony in evolution: A multidisciplinary approach. Plenum Press, London.
    • (1988) Heterochrony in Evolution: A Multidisciplinary Approach , pp. 17-34
    • McKinney, M.L.1
  • 132
    • 0002252781 scopus 로고
    • A guide to the nomenclature of heterochrony
    • McNamara, K. J. 1986. A guide to the nomenclature of heterochrony. Journal of Paleontology 60: 4-13.
    • (1986) Journal of Paleontology , vol.60 , pp. 4-13
    • McNamara, K.J.1
  • 133
    • 21344435040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony, disparity, and macroevolution
    • --- & M. L. McKinney. 2005. Heterochrony, disparity, and macroevolution. Paleobiology 31: 17-26.
    • (2005) Paleobiology , vol.31 , pp. 17-26
    • McNamara, K.J.1    McKinney, M.L.2
  • 134
    • 0001267574 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of the Berberidaceae with an evaluation of classifications
    • Meacham, C. A. 1980. Phylogeny of the Berberidaceae with an evaluation of classifications. Systematic Botany 5: 149-172.
    • (1980) Systematic Botany , vol.5 , pp. 149-172
    • Meacham, C.A.1
  • 135
    • 56749180608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flowering-time genes modulate meristem determinacy and growth form in Arabidopsis thaliana
    • Melzer, S., F. Lens, J. Gennen, S. Vanneste, A. Rohde & T. Beeckman. 2008. Flowering-time genes modulate meristem determinacy and growth form in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature Genetics 40: 1489-1492.
    • (2008) Nature Genetics , vol.40 , pp. 1489-1492
    • Melzer, S.1    Lens, F.2    Gennen, J.3    Vanneste, S.4    Rohde, A.5    Beeckman, T.6
  • 137
    • 0003556438 scopus 로고
    • New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, NZ: Science Information Division
    • Meylan, B. A. & B. G. Butterfield. 1978. The structure of New Zealand woods. Science Information Division, New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, NZ.
    • (1978) The Structure of New Zealand Woods
    • Meylan, B.A.1    Butterfield, B.G.2
  • 139
    • 0003393128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minitab Inc., Minitab, State College, PA
    • Minitab Inc. 2006. Minitab statistical software. Minitab, State College, PA.
    • (2006) Minitab statistical software
  • 140
    • 0036207530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloroplast DNA evidence for the roles of island colonization and extinction in Tolpis (Asteraceae: Lactuceae)
    • Moore, M. J., J. Francisco-Ortega, A. Santos-Guerra & R. K. Jansen. 2002. Chloroplast DNA evidence for the roles of island colonization and extinction in Tolpis (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). American Journal of Botany 89: 518-526.
    • (2002) American Journal of Botany , vol.89 , pp. 518-526
    • Moore, M.J.1    Francisco-Ortega, J.2    Santos-Guerra, A.3    Jansen, R.K.4
  • 141
    • 4444333452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and character evolution in California Coreopsis (Asteraceae): Insights from morphology and from sequences of the nuclear and plastid genomes
    • Mort, M. E., D. J. Crawford & K. N. Fairfield. 2004. Phylogeny and character evolution in California Coreopsis (Asteraceae): Insights from morphology and from sequences of the nuclear and plastid genomes. Systematic Botany 29: 781-789.
    • (2004) Systematic Botany , vol.29 , pp. 781-789
    • Mort, M.E.1    Crawford, D.J.2    Fairfield, K.N.3
  • 142
    • 0036272828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetics and evolution of the Macaronesian clade of Crassulaceae inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence data
    • ---, D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, J. Francisco-Ortega & A. Santos-Guerra. 2002. Phylogenetics and evolution of the Macaronesian clade of Crassulaceae inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence data. Systematic Botany 27: 271-288.
    • (2002) Systematic Botany , vol.27 , pp. 271-288
    • Mort, M.E.1    Soltis, D.E.2    Soltis, P.S.3    Francisco-Ortega, J.4    Santos-Guerra, A.5
  • 144
    • 77956988342 scopus 로고
    • Tyloses in Menispermum
    • Myers, L. 1924. Tyloses in Menispermum. Botanical Gazette 78: 453-457.
    • (1924) Botanical Gazette , vol.78 , pp. 453-457
    • Myers, L.1
  • 145
    • 3042602321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A weed for wood? Arabidopsis as a genetic model for xylem development
    • Nieminen, K. M., L. Kauppinen & Y. Helariutta. 2004. A weed for wood? Arabidopsis as a genetic model for xylem development. Plant Physiology 135: 653-659.
    • (2004) Plant Physiology , vol.135 , pp. 653-659
    • Nieminen, K.M.1    Kauppinen, L.2    Helariutta, Y.3
  • 146
    • 78650014740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Caulophylum thalictroides), goldthread (Coptis trifolia). Connecticut Wildflowers. Available from, [Accessed: October 15, 2008]
    • Novak, J. & C. Lemmon. 2005. Blue cohosh (Caulophylum thalictroides), goldthread (Coptis trifolia). Connecticut Wildflowers. Available from http://www. ct-botanicalsociety. org [Accessed: October 15, 2008].
    • (2005) Blue cohosh
    • Novak, J.1    Lemmon, C.2
  • 147
    • 0348013417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of secondary growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
    • Oh, S., S. Park & K. H. Han. 2003. Transcriptional regulation of secondary growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Experimental Botany 54: 2709-2722.
    • (2003) Journal of Experimental Botany , vol.54 , pp. 2709-2722
    • Oh, S.1    Park, S.2    Han, K.H.3
  • 148
    • 0042284428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem and leaf anatomy of the arborescent Cucurbitaceae Dendrosicyos socotrana with comments on the evolution of pachycauls from lianas
    • Olson, M. E. 2003. Stem and leaf anatomy of the arborescent Cucurbitaceae Dendrosicyos socotrana with comments on the evolution of pachycauls from lianas. Plant Systematics and Evolution 239: 199-214.
    • (2003) Plant Systematics and Evolution , vol.239 , pp. 199-214
    • Olson, M.E.1
  • 149
    • 34248156832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood ontogeny as a model for studying heterochrony, with an example of paedomorphosis in Moringa (Moringaceae)
    • ---. 2007. Wood ontogeny as a model for studying heterochrony, with an example of paedomorphosis in Moringa (Moringaceae). Systematics and Biodiversity 5: 145-158.
    • (2007) Systematics and Biodiversity , vol.5 , pp. 145-158
    • Olson, M.E.1
  • 151
    • 0000031661 scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogenetics of the Magnoliidae-Cladistic analyses of nucleotide-sequences of the plastid gene rbcL
    • Qiu, Y. L., M. W. Chase, D. H. Les & C. R. Parks. 1993. Molecular phylogenetics of the Magnoliidae-Cladistic analyses of nucleotide-sequences of the plastid gene rbcL. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 587-606.
    • (1993) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.80 , pp. 587-606
    • Qiu, Y.L.1    Chase, M.W.2    Les, D.H.3    Parks, C.R.4
  • 153
    • 0031949048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambial anatomy and absence of rays in the stem of Boerhaavia species (Nyctaginaceae)
    • Rajput, K. S. & K. S. Rao. 1998. Cambial anatomy and absence of rays in the stem of Boerhaavia species (Nyctaginaceae). Annales Botanici Fennici 35: 131-135.
    • (1998) Annales Botanici Fennici , vol.35 , pp. 131-135
    • Rajput, K.S.1    Rao, K.S.2
  • 154
    • 0033150788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and development studies on cambial variant in Pupalia lappacea (Amaranthaceae)
    • --- & ---. 1999. Structural and development studies on cambial variant in Pupalia lappacea (Amaranthaceae). Annals of Botany Fennici 36: 137-141.
    • (1999) Annals of Botany Fennici , vol.36 , pp. 137-141
    • Rajput, K.S.1    Rao, K.S.2
  • 156
    • 0346027938 scopus 로고
    • Om biologiske Typer, med Hensyn til Planternes Tilpasninger til at overleve ugunstige Aarstide
    • Raunkiær, C. 1904. Om biologiske Typer, med Hensyn til Planternes Tilpasninger til at overleve ugunstige Aarstide. Botanisk Tidsskrift 26: 14.
    • (1904) Botanisk Tidsskrift , vol.26 , pp. 14
    • Raunkiær, C.1
  • 158
    • 78649990087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Xanthorhiza simplicissima). Wildflowers of the Southeastern United States. Available from, [Accessed: September 24, 2008]
    • Reed, D. 2004. Yellowroot (Xanthorhiza simplicissima). Wildflowers of the Southeastern United States. Available from http://2bnthewild. com/index2. shtml [Accessed: September 24, 2008].
    • (2004) Yellowroot
    • Reed, D.1
  • 161
    • 23944520392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of mechanical architectures in climbing plants: An evolutionary perspective
    • Rowe, N., S. Isnard & T. Speck. 2004. Diversity of mechanical architectures in climbing plants: An evolutionary perspective. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 23: 108-128.
    • (2004) Journal of Plant Growth Regulation , vol.23 , pp. 108-128
    • Rowe, N.1    Isnard, S.2    Speck, T.3
  • 163
    • 21844496428 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive significance of sprouting of Euptelea polyandra, a deciduous tree growing on steep slopes with shallow soil
    • Sakai, A., T. Ohsawa & M. Ohsawa. 1995. Adaptive significance of sprouting of Euptelea polyandra, a deciduous tree growing on steep slopes with shallow soil. Journal of Plant Research 108: 377-386.
    • (1995) Journal of Plant Research , vol.108 , pp. 377-386
    • Sakai, A.1    Ohsawa, T.2    Ohsawa, M.3
  • 164
    • 78650027986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MSUplants. com. Michigan State University. East Lansing, MI. Available from, [Accessed: November 7, 2008]
    • Saylor, J. 2008. Dahlia coccinea. MSUplants. com. Michigan State University. East Lansing, MI. Available from http://msuplants. com/pd. asp?pid=618 [Accessed: November 7, 2008].
    • (2008) Dahlia coccinea
    • Saylor, J.1
  • 166
    • 33845362755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical characteristics and ecological trends in the xylem and phloem of Brassicaceae and Resedacae
    • Schweingruber, F. H. 2006. Anatomical characteristics and ecological trends in the xylem and phloem of Brassicaceae and Resedacae. IAWA Journal 27: 419-442.
    • (2006) IAWA Journal , vol.27 , pp. 419-442
    • Schweingruber, F.H.1
  • 167
    • 34250183813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem anatomy of Caryophyllaceae
    • ---. 2007a. Stem anatomy of Caryophyllaceae. Flora 202: 281-292.
    • (2007) Flora , vol.202 , pp. 281-292
    • Schweingruber, F.H.1
  • 169
    • 31544478016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth rings in herbs and shrubs: Life span, age determination and stem anatomy
    • --- & P. Poschlod. 2005. Growth rings in herbs and shrubs: Life span, age determination and stem anatomy. Forest Snow and Landscape 79: 165-415.
    • (2005) Forest Snow and Landscape , vol.79 , pp. 165-415
    • Schweingruber, F.H.1    Poschlod, P.2
  • 170
    • 78650026086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research. Available from,[Accessed: 15 September 2009]
    • --- & W. Landolt. 2005-2008. The xylem database. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research. Available from http://www. wsl. ch/dendro/xylemdb/index. php [Accessed: 15 September 2009].
    • (2005) The xylem database
    • Schweingruber, F.H.1    Landolt, W.2
  • 171
    • 78650012162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VT Tree ID. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Blacksburg, VA. Available from, [Accessed: 15 September, 2009]
    • Seiler, J. R., E. C. Jensen & J. A. Peterson. 2008. Yellowroot. VT Tree ID. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Blacksburg, VA. Available from http://www. cnr. vt. edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus2/factsheet. cfm?ID=924 [Accessed: 15 September, 2009].
    • (2008) Yellowroot
    • Seiler, J.R.1    Jensen, E.C.2    Peterson, J.A.3
  • 173
    • 0007367273 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and wood anatomy of Nandina
    • Shen, Y.-F. 1954. Phylogeny and wood anatomy of Nandina. Taiwania 5: 85-92.
    • (1954) Taiwania , vol.5 , pp. 85-92
    • Shen, Y.-F.1
  • 175
    • 0035659913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultivating the increasingly popular medicinal plant, goldenseal: Review and update
    • Sinclair, A. & P. Catling. 2001. Cultivating the increasingly popular medicinal plant, goldenseal: Review and update. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 16: 131-140.
    • (2001) American Journal of Alternative Agriculture , vol.16 , pp. 131-140
    • Sinclair, A.1    Catling, P.2
  • 176
    • 0001984867 scopus 로고
    • Chromosome numbers of North-American Coreopsis with phyletic interpretations
    • Smith, E. B. 1975. Chromosome numbers of North-American Coreopsis with phyletic interpretations. Botanical Gazette 136: 78-86.
    • (1975) Botanical Gazette , vol.136 , pp. 78-86
    • Smith, E.B.1
  • 177
    • 0344750099 scopus 로고
    • Biosystematic study and typification of the Californian Coreopsis (Compositae) sections Tuckermannia, Pugiopappus, and Euleptosyne
    • ---. 1984. Biosystematic study and typification of the Californian Coreopsis (Compositae) sections Tuckermannia, Pugiopappus, and Euleptosyne. SIDA Contributions to Biology 10: 276-289.
    • (1984) SIDA Contributions to Biology , vol.10 , pp. 276-289
    • Smith, E.B.1
  • 179
  • 180
    • 78650035624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPSS, Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc
    • SPSS. 2006. SPSS Base 15 Users Guide. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL.
    • (2006) SPSS Base 15 Users Guide
  • 181
    • 0000357588 scopus 로고
    • Cytological characteristics associated with the different growth habits in the dicotyledons
    • Stebbins, G. L. 1938. Cytological characteristics associated with the different growth habits in the dicotyledons. American Journal of Botany 25: 189-198.
    • (1938) American Journal of Botany , vol.25 , pp. 189-198
    • Stebbins, G.L.1
  • 182
    • 78650013560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Akebia quinata). Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group. Available from [Accessed: October 15, 2008]
    • Swearingen, J., A. Reese & R. Lyons. 2006. Fiveleaf Akebia (Akebia quinata). Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group. Available from http://nps. gov/plants/ALIEN/fact/akqu1. htm [Accessed: October 15, 2008].
    • (2006) Fiveleaf Akebia
    • Swearingen, J.1    Reese, A.2    Lyons, R.3
  • 183
    • 0242275359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of Pericallis (Asteraceae): A total evidence approach reappraising the double origin of woodiness
    • Swenson, U. & U. Manns. 2003. Phylogeny of Pericallis (Asteraceae): A total evidence approach reappraising the double origin of woodiness. Taxon 52: 533-546.
    • (2003) Taxon , vol.52 , pp. 533-546
    • Swenson, U.1    Manns, U.2
  • 187
    • 0034860664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of photosynthesis and biomass allocation of an understorey herb, Pteridophyllum racemosum, to gradual increases in irradiance
    • Tani, T., H. Kudoh & N. Kachi. 2001. Responses of photosynthesis and biomass allocation of an understorey herb, Pteridophyllum racemosum, to gradual increases in irradiance. Annals of Botany 88: 393-402.
    • (2001) Annals of Botany , vol.88 , pp. 393-402
    • Tani, T.1    Kudoh, H.2    Kachi, N.3
  • 190
    • 0002438249 scopus 로고
    • Comparative anatomy of the Moraceae and their presumed allies
    • Tippo, O. 1938. Comparative anatomy of the Moraceae and their presumed allies. Botanical Gazette 100: 1-99.
    • (1938) Botanical Gazette , vol.100 , pp. 1-99
    • Tippo, O.1
  • 192
    • 70350575645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USDA & NRCS, USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, National Plant Data Center. Baton Rouge, LA. Available from, [Accessed: 15 September, 2009]
    • USDA & NRCS. 2009. The PLANTS Database. USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, National Plant Data Center. Baton Rouge, LA. Available from http://plants. usda. gov [Accessed: 15 September, 2009].
    • (2009) The PLANTS Database
  • 193
    • 33646094730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecophysiology of seed germination of wild Dahlia coccinea (Asteraceae) in a spatially heterogeneous fire-prone habitat
    • Vivar-Evans, S., V. L. Barradas, M. E. Sanchez-Coronado, A. G. de Buen & A. Orozco-Segovia. 2006. Ecophysiology of seed germination of wild Dahlia coccinea (Asteraceae) in a spatially heterogeneous fire-prone habitat. Acta Oecologica 29: 187-195.
    • (2006) Acta Oecologica , vol.29 , pp. 187-195
    • Vivar-Evans, S.1    Barradas, V.L.2    Sanchez-Coronado, M.E.3    de Buen, A.G.4    Orozco-Segovia, A.5
  • 194
    • 33645386800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth rings in the roots of temperate forbs are robust annual markers
    • von Arx, G. & H. Dietz. 2006. Growth rings in the roots of temperate forbs are robust annual markers. Plant Biology 8: 224-233.
    • (2006) Plant Biology , vol.8 , pp. 224-233
    • von Arx, G.1    Dietz, H.2
  • 195
    • 27344445699 scopus 로고
    • The construction of a classification
    • C. Sibley (Ed.), Washington, D.C: National Academy of Sciences
    • Wagner, W. H. J. 1969. The construction of a classification. Pp 67-103. In: C. Sibley (ed). Systematic Biology. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C.
    • (1969) Systematic Biology , pp. 67-103
    • Wagner, W.H.J.1
  • 197
    • 0028066503 scopus 로고
    • Shoot architecture and evolution of Dicentra cucullaria (Papaveraceae, Fumarioideae)
    • Walton, G. B. & L. Hufford. 1994. Shoot architecture and evolution of Dicentra cucullaria (Papaveraceae, Fumarioideae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 155: 553-568.
    • (1994) International Journal of Plant Sciences , vol.155 , pp. 553-568
    • Walton, G.B.1    Hufford, L.2
  • 198
    • 0001535070 scopus 로고
    • A survey of the fossil record for dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy
    • Wheeler, E. A. & P. Baas. 1991. A survey of the fossil record for dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Journal 12: 275-332.
    • (1991) IAWA Journal , vol.12 , pp. 275-332
    • Wheeler, E.A.1    Baas, P.2
  • 199
    • 21244486303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-vessel pitting and cavitation in woody Rosaceae and other vesselled plants: A basis for a safety versus efficiency trade-off in xylem transport
    • Wheeler, J. K., J. S. Sperry, U. G. Hacke & N. Hoang. 2005. Inter-vessel pitting and cavitation in woody Rosaceae and other vesselled plants: A basis for a safety versus efficiency trade-off in xylem transport. Plant Cell and Environment 28: 800-812.
    • (2005) Plant Cell and Environment , vol.28 , pp. 800-812
    • Wheeler, J.K.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Hacke, U.G.3    Hoang, N.4
  • 201
    • 33745698349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AFLP analysis of genetic diversity of the endangered species Sinopodophyllum hexandrum in the Tibetan region of Sichuan Province, China
    • Xiao, M., Q. Li, L. Guo, T. Luo, W. -X. Duan, W. -X. He, L. Wang & F. Chen. 2006. AFLP analysis of genetic diversity of the endangered species Sinopodophyllum hexandrum in the Tibetan region of Sichuan Province, China. Biochemical Genetics 44: 44-57.
    • (2006) Biochemical Genetics , vol.44 , pp. 44-57
    • Xiao, M.1    Li, Q.2    Guo, L.3    Luo, T.4    Duan, W.-X.5    He, W.-X.6    Wang, L.7    Chen, F.8
  • 202
    • 0036999751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular tissue differentiation and pattern formation in plants
    • Ye, Z.-H. 2002. Vascular tissue differentiation and pattern formation in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology 53: 183-202.
    • (2002) Annual Review of Plant Biology , vol.53 , pp. 183-202
    • Ye, Z.-H.1
  • 203
    • 78649999682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berberidaceae
    • (Draft). In: Z.-Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D.-Y. Hong (eds.), 19: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Available from
    • Ying, T.-S., D. E. Boufford & A. R. Brach. 2010. Berberidaceae (Draft). In: Z.-Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D.-Y. Hong (eds.), Flora of China: Lentibulariaceae-Dipsacaceae. 19: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. Available from http://hua. huh. harvard. edu/china/mss/volume19/Berberidaceae-AGH_final. htm.
    • (2010) Flora of China: Lentibulariaceae-Dipsacaceae
    • Ying, T.-S.1    Boufford, D.E.2    Brach, A.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.