Evaluating travel website motivational communication using a structural equation modelling approach

International Journal of Tourism Research

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 787-802

  Kah, Junghye A ^a   Lee, Choong Ki ^b   Chung, Namho ^b  

^a Chongju University   (South Korea)

^b Kyung Hee University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Aesthetic; Experiential; Functional; Hedonic; Innovation; Online information value; Sign; Travel motivation

Indexed keywords

HEDONIC ANALYSIS; INNOVATION; MODELING; TOURISM; TRAVEL BEHAVIOR; WORLD WIDE WEB;

EID: 78349233519     PISSN: 10992340     EISSN: 15221970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jtr.796     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Agarwal R, Venkatesh V. 2002. Assessing a firm's web presence: a heuristic evaluation procedure for the measurement of usability. Information System Research 13(2): 168-186.
2. Andereck KL, Vogt CA. 2005. Information use over the course of a vacation. In Proceedings of the Travel and Tourism Research Association Conference, Travel and Tourism Research Association: New Orleans, LA (June 2005).
3. Anderson JC, Gerbing DW. 1992. Assumptions and comparative strengths of the two-step approach. Sociological Methods & Research 20(3): 321-333.
4. Arbuckle JL. 2005. AMOS 6.0 User's Guide. SPSS. Chicago, IL, USA.
5. Bacharach M, Board O. 2002. The quality of information in electronic groups. Economic Research and Electronic Networking 4(1): 73-97.
6. Bagozzi D, Warshaw P. 1989. User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science 35(8): 982-1003.
7. Baloglu S. 1996. An empirical Investigation of Determinants of Tourist Destination Image. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University: Blacksburg, VA.
8. Barnes SJ, Vidgen R. 2000. WebQual: An exploration of web site quality. In Proceedings of the Eighth European Conference on Information System, ECIS: Vienna, Austria (July 2000).
9. Baym NK. 1997. Interpreting soap operas and creating community: inside an electronic fan culture. In Culture of the Internet, Sara Kiesler (ed.). Lawrence-Erlbaum: Mahwah, NJ; 103-120.
10. Beerli A, Martin JD. 2004. Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research 31(3): 657-681.
11. Beldona S, Morrison AM, O'Leary J. 2005. Online shopping motivations and pleasure travel products: a correspondence analysis. Tourism Management 26(4): 561-570.
12. Berger H, Dittenbach M, Merkl D, Bodgdanovych A, Simoff S, Sierra C. 2007. Opening new dimensions for e-tourism. Virtual Reality 11(2): 75-87.
13. Bickart B, Schindler RM. 2001. Internet forum as influential sources of consumer information. Journal of Interactive Marketing 15(3): 31-40.
14. Buhalis D. 2000. Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management 21(1): 97-116.
15. Burt RS. 1976. Interpretational confounding of unidimensional variables in structural equational modeling. Sociological Methods and Research 5(1): 3-52.
16. Cheng JM, Wang ES, Lin JY, Vivek SD. 2009. Why do customers utilize the Internet as a retailing platform? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing 21(1): 144-160.
17. Chervalier J, Mayzlin D. 2006. The effect of word of mouth on sales: online book reviews. Journal of Marketing Research 43(3): 345-354.
18. Chin CY, Swatman PMC. 2005. The virtual shopping experience: using virtual presence to motivate online shopping. Australian Journal of Information System 13(1): 239-253.
19. Cho M, Jang S. 2008. Information value structure for vacation travel. Journal of Travel Research 47(August): 72-83.
20. Chung H, Zhao X. 2004. Effects of perceived interactivity on web site preference and memory: role of personal motivation. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 10(1): 1-30.
21. ComScore. 2009. Travel ad network publisher conference presentation. Available at (accessed 23 October 2009).
22. Cotte J, Chowdhury TG, Ratneshwar S, Ricci LM. 2006. Pleasure or utility? Time planning style and web usage behaviors. Journal of Interactive Marketing 20(1): 45-57.
23. Crompton JL, McKay SL. 1997. Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of Tourism Research 24(2): 425-439.
24. Cronin JJ, Brady MK, Hult GTM. 2000. Assessing the effects of quality, value and customer satisfaction on customer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing 76(2): 193-217.
25. Dann G. 1981. Tourism motivation and appraisal. Annals of Tourism Research 8(2): 187-219.
26. Davis FD. 1989. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. Management Information Systems Quarterly 13(September): 319-340.
27. Diehl K, Zauberman G. 2005. Searching ordered sets: evaluations from sequences under search. Journal of Consumer Research 31(4): 824-832.
28. Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea 2008. Available at (accessed 7 February 2008).
29. Fakeye PC, Crompton JR. 1991. Image differences between prospective, first-time, and repeat visitors to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Journal of Travel Research 30(2): 10-16.
30. Fesenmaier DR, Jeng J. 2000. Assessing structure in the pleasure trip planning process. Tourism Analysis 5(3): 13-28.
31. Fogg BJ. 1999. Persuasive technologies. Communications of the ACM 42(5): 27-29.
32. Formica S, Uysal M. 1996. A market segmentation of festival visitors: Umbria Jazz Festival in Italy. Festival Management and Event Tourism 3(4): 175-182.
33. Formica S, Uysal M. 1998. Market segmentation of an international cultural-historical event in Italy. Journal of Travel Research 36(4): 16-24.
34. Fornell C, Larcker DF. 1981. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 18(1): 39-50.
35. Frias DM, Rodriguez MA, Castaneda A. 2008. Internet vs. travel agencies on pre-visit destination image formation: an information processing view. Tourism Management 29(1): 163-179.
36. Goossens C. 2000. Tourism information and pleasure motivation. Annals of Tourism Research 27(2): 301-321.
37. Gnoth J. 1997. Tourism motivation and expectation formation. Annals of Tourism Research 24(2): 283-304.
38. Gretzel U, Hwang Y, Fesenmaier DS. 2006. A behavioral framework for destination recommendation system design. In Destination Recommendation Systems: Behavioral Foundations and Application Fesenmaier D, Wober K, Werthner H (eds). CAB International: Cambridge, MA; 53-64.
39. Han J, Mills JE. 2006. Zero acquaintance benchmarking at travel destination websites: what is the first impression that national tourism organizations try to make? International Journal of Tourism Research 8(6): 405-430.
40. Hanefors M, Mossberg L. 2001. TV travel shows-----a pre-taste of the destination. Journal of Vacation Marketing 8(3): 234-246.
41. Havitz ME, Dimanche F. 1990. Propositions for testing the involvement construct in recreational and touristic contexts. Leisure Sciences 12(2): 179-195.
42. Hirschman EC, Holbrook M. 1982. Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and proposition. Journal of Marketing 46(Summer): 92-101.
43. Hirschman E, Wallendorf M. 1982. Characteristics of the cultural continuum: implications for retailing. Journal of Retailing 58(1): 5-21.
44. Internet World Stats. 2008. Available at (accessed 23 June 2009).
45. Jang S. 2004. The past, present, and future research of online information search. Journal of Travel & Tourism 17(2/3): 41-47.
46. Jeong M Lambert CU. 2001. Adaptation of an information quality framework to measure customers' behavioral intentions to use lodging Web sites. International Journal of Hospitality Management 20(2): 129-146.
47. Kim H, Fesenmaier D. 2008. Persuasive design of destination web sites: an analysis of first impression. Journal of Travel Research 47(1): 3-13.
48. Kim H, Richardson SL. 2003. Motion picture impacts on destination images. Annals of Tourism Research 30(1): 216-237.
49. Law R, Leung R. 2000. A study of airlines' online reservation services on the Internet. Journal of Travel Research 39(2): 202-211.
50. Lee CK. 2000. A comparative study of Caucasian and Asian visitors to a cultural Expo in an Asian setting. Tourism Management 21(2): 169-176.
51. Lee CK, Lee YK, Wicks B. 2004. Segmentation of festival motivation by nationality and satisfaction. Tourism Management 25(1): 61-70.
52. Lee CK, Song HJ, Shin CY. 2007. Forecasting demand for BIE Expo: application of quantitative and qualitative techniques. Journal of Tourism and Leisure Research (Korean version) 19(3): 263-281.
53. Li H, Daugherty T, Biocca F. 2001. Characteristics of virtual experiences in electronic commerce: a protocol analysis. Journal of Interactive Marketing 15(3): 13-29.
54. TM: A Website Quality Instrument. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia: Athens.
55. Loiacono ET, Watson RT, Goodhue DL. 2002. Webqual: a measure of web site quality. In Marketing Educators' Conference: Marketing Theory and Applications, Vol. 13, Evans K, Scheer L. (eds). American Marketing Association: Chicago, IL: 432-437.
56. MacInnis DJ, Moorman C, Jaworski BJ. 1991. Enhancing and measuring consumers' motivation, opportunity, and ability to process brand information from ads. Journal of Marketing 55: 32-53.
57. MacKay KJ, Fesenmaier DR. 1997. Pictorial element of destination in image formation. Annals of Tourism Research 23(3): 537-565
58. Mayo EJ, Jarvis LP. 1981. The Psychology of Leisure Travel: Effective Marketing and Selling of Travel Services, CBI Publishing Company: Boston, MA.
59. McKenna KYA, Bargh JA. 2000. Plan 9 from cyberspace: the implications of the Internet for personality and social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review 4(1): 57-75.
60. Mills JE, Morrison AM. 2003. Measuring customer satisfaction with online travel. In International Federation of Information and Communications Technologies in Tourism (2003) Conference Proceedings, Helsinki, Finland. Springer-Verlag: Vienna; 10-19.
61. Mohr K, Backman KF, Gahan LW, Backman SJ. 1993. An investigation of festival motivations and event satisfaction by visitor type. Festival Management and Event Tourism 1(3): 89-97.
62. Moutinho L. 1987. Consumer behavior in tourism. European Journal of Marketing 21(10): 5-44.
63. Nusair K, Yoon HJ, Parsa HG. 2008. Effect of utilitarian and hedonic motivations on consumer satisfaction with travel websites. Information Technology & Tourism 10(1): 75-89.
64. Park J, Stoel L, Lennon SJ. 2008. Cognitive, affective and conative response to visual simulation: the effects of rotation in online product presentation. Journal of Consumer Behavior 7(1): 72-87.
65. Phillps D, Olson J, Baumgartner H. 1995. Consumption visions in consumer decision marketing. Advances in Consumer Research 22: 280-284.
66. Raitz K, Dakhil M. 1989. A note about information sources for preferred recreational environments. Journal of Travel Research 27(1): 45-49.
67. Rittichainuwat BN, Hailin Q, Chollada M. 2007. Understanding the motivation of travelers on repeat visits to Thailand. Journal of Vacation Marketing 14(1): 5-21.
68. Rogers E. 2003. Diffusion of Innovations. 5th edn. Free Press: New York.
69. Rojek C. 1990. Baudrillard and Leisure. Leisure Studies 9(1): 7-20.
70. Rokeach M. 1973. The Nature of Human Values. Free Press: New York.
71. Schofield P. 1996. Cinematographic images of a city. Tourism Management 17(5): 333-340.
72. Scott D. 1996. A comparison of visitors' motivations to attend three urban festivals. Festival Management and Event Tourism 3(3): 121-128.
73. Senecal S, Nantel J. 2004. The influence of online product recommendations on consumers' online choices. Journal of Retailing 80(1): 159-169.
74. Sharif A. 2003. Factors affecting the adoption of the Internet by public relations practitioners in Kuwait: A comparison of two social systems. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University: Carbondale.
75. Sheth JN, Newman BI, Gross BL. 1991. Why we buy what we buy: a theory of consumption values. Journal of Business Research, 22: 159-170.
76. Slyke CV, Belanger F, Hightower R. 2005. Understanding gender-based differences in consumer e-commerce adoption. In Proceedings of the 2005 Southern Association for Information Systems Conference, Association for Information Systems: Savannah, GA: 24-29.
77. Song SS, Yang S, Park H. 2007. Study on experiential factors in web sites related to travel. Journal of Aviation Management Society of Korea 5(2): 83-104.
78. Sullivan JJ. 1988. Three roles of language in motivation theory. The Academy of Management Review 13(1): 104-115.
79. Tan M, Teo TSH. 2000. Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 1(5): 1-42.
80. Thompson N. 2003. More companies pay heed to their 'word of mouse' reputation. New York Times 23 June: 4.
81. Tybout AM, Artz N. 1994. Consumer psychology. Annual Review Psychology 45: 131-169.
82. Uysal M, Gahan L, Martin B. 1993. An examination of event motivations: a case study. Festival Management and Event Tourism 1(1): 5-10.
83. Vogt CA, Fesenmaier DR. 1998. Expanding the functional information search model. Annals of Tourism Research 25(3): 551-578.
84. Weiser EB. 2001. The functions of Internet use and their social and psychological consequences. Cyber Psychology and Behavior 4(6): 723-743.
85. Werthner H, Klein S. 1999. Information Technology and Tourism: A Challenging Relationship. Springer-Verlag: New York; Berlin.
86. Wolfinbarger M, Gilly M. 2003. eTailQ: dimensionalizing, measuring, and predicting retail quality. Journal of Retailing 79(3): 183-193.
87. Wymer S, Regan E. 2005. Factors influencing e-commerce adoption and use by small and medium businesses. Electronic Markets 15(4): 438-453.
88. Yoo B, Donthu N. 2001. Developing a scale to measure perceived quality of an internet shopping site (SITEQUAL). Quarterly Journal of Electronic Commerce 2(1): 31-46.
89. Yoon YS, Uysal M. 2005. An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism Management 26(1): 45-56.
90. Zach F, Xiang Z, Fesenamier D. 2007. An Assessment of Innovation in Web Marketing: Investigating American Convention and Visitors Bureaus. Proceedings of the ENTER conference, Ljubljana, Slovenia. December.
91. Zorn TE, Ruccio SE. 1998. The use of communication to motivate college sales teams. The Journal of Business Communication 35(4): 468-499.
92. Zhou Z. 2004. E-commerce and Information Technology in Hospitality and Tourism. Thomson: New York.