Eye movements in German-speaking children with and without dyslexia when reading aloud

Acta Ophthalmologica

Volumn 88, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 681-691

  Trauzettel Klosinski, Susanne ^a   Koitzsch, A Michaela ^a   Dürrwächter, Ute ^b   Sokolov, Alexander N ^a   Reinhard, Jens ^a   Klosinski, Gunter ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

developmental dyslexia; eye movements; perceptual span; phonological text difficulty; reading; regular orthography; scanning laser ophthalmoscope

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DYSLEXIA; EYE MOVEMENT; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MALE; PHONETICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; READING; SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPE; SCHOOL CHILD; SPEECH; SPELLING;

ARTICULATION DISORDERS; CHILD; DYSLEXIA; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; MALE; OPHTHALMOSCOPY; PHONETICS; READING; SACCADES; SPEECH; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 77953958278     PISSN: 1755375X     EISSN: 17553768     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01523.x     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Adler D (1976 Eye Movements, Scanpaths and Dyslexia. PhD dissertation. Berkeley, CA : University of California at Berkeley.
2. Adler-Grindberg D Stark L (1978 Eye movements, scanpaths, and dyslexia. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 55 : 557 570.
3. Aulhorn E (1953 Über Fixationsbreite und Fixationsfrequenz beim Lesen gerichteter Konturen. Pflügers Arch Physiol 157 : 318 328.
4. Biscaldi M, Gezeck S Stuhr V (1998 Poor saccadic control correlates with dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 36 : 1189 1202.
5. Bradley L Bryant PE (1978 Difficulties in auditory organization as a possible cause of reading backwardness. Nature 271 : 746 747.
6. Burani C, Marcolini S Stella G (2002 How early does morpholexical reading develop in readers of a shallow orthography? Brain Lang 81 : 568 586.
7. Burani C, Marcolini S, De Luca M Zoccolotti P (2008 Morpheme-based reading aloud: evidence from dyslexic and skilled Italian readers. Cognition 108 : 243 262.
8. Buswell GT (1922 Fundamental Reading Habits: a Study of their Development. Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press.
9. Carpenter PA Just MA (1981 Cognitive processes in reading: models based on readers' eye fixations. In : Lesgold AM Perfetti CA (eds). Interactive Processes in Reading. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum 117 213.
10. Carroll JB, Davies P Richman B (1971) Word Frequency Book. Boston, MA : Houghton Mifflin.
11. Carver RP (1990 Reading Rate: a Review of Research and Theory. San Diego, CA : Academic Press.
12. Ciuffreda KJ, Kenyon RV Stark L (1985 Eye movements during reading: further case reports. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 62 : 844 852.
13. Coltheart M, Rastle K, Perry C, Langdon R Ziegler J (2001 DRC: a dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychol Rev 108 : 204 256.
14. Daane MC, Campbell JR, Grigg WS, Goodman MJ Oranje A (2005 Fourth-grade students reading aloud: NAEP 2002 special study of oral reading (NCES 2006-469). US Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC : Government Printing Office.
15. Davis R, Cuetos F Glez-Sejas RM (2007 Reading development and dyslexia in a transparent orthography: a survey of Spanish children. Ann Dyslexia 57 : 179 198.
16. De Luca M, Di Pace E, Judica A, Spinelli D Zoccolotti P (1999 Eye movement patterns in linguistic and non-linguistic tasks in developmental surface dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 37 : 1407 1420.
17. Demp JB, Boynton GM Heeger DJ (1997 Brain activity in visual cortex predicts individual differences in reading performance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 : 13363 13366.
18. Döpfner M (2000 DISYPS-KJ: Diagnostik System für Psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter nach ICD-10 und DSM IV. Bern : Huber Verlag.
19. Eden GF, Stein JF, Wood HM Wood FB (1994 Differences in eye movements and reading problems in dyslexic and normal children. Vision Res 34 : 1345 1358.
20. Eltermann RD, Abel LA, Daroff RB, Dell'Osso LF Bornstein JL (1980 Eye movement patterns in dyslexic children. J Learn Disabil 13 : 16 21.
21. Esser G Schmidt MH (1994 Children with specific reading retardation - early determinants and longterm outcome. Acta Paedopsychiatr 56 : 229 238.
22. Fawcett AJ Nicolson RI (2002 Children with dyslexia are slow to articulate a single speech gesture. Dyslexia 8 : 189 203.
23. Fiez JA, Balota DA, Raichle ME Petersen SE (1999 Effects of lexicality, frequency, and spelling-to-sound consistency on the functional anatomy of reading. Neuron 24 : 205 218.
24. Fischer B Weber H (1990 Saccadic reaction times of dyslexic and age-matched normal subjects. Perception 19 : 805 818.
25. Fischer B, Biscaldi M Otto P (1993 Saccadic eye movements of dyslexic adult subjects. Neuropsychologia 31 : 887 906.
26. Fox E (1994 Grapheme-phoneme correspondence in dyslexic and matched control readers. Br J Psychol 85 (Pt 1 41 53.
27. Frith U (1981 Experimental approaches to developmental dyslexia: an introduction. Psychol Res 43 : 97 109.
28. Frith U, Wimmer H Landerl K (1998 Differences in phonological recoding in German- and English-speaking children. Sci Stud Read 2 : 31 54.
29. Gassel MM Williams D (1963 Visual function in patients with homonymous hemianopia. Part II. Oculomotor mechanisms. Brain 86 : 19 23.
30. Georgiewa P, Rzanny R, Hopf JM, Knab R, Glauche V, Kaiser WA Blanz B (1999 fMRI during word processing in dyslexic and normal reading children. Neuroreport 10 : 3459 3465.
31. Golden M Zenhausern R (1983 Grapheme to phoneme conversion: the basis of reading disability? Int J Neurosci 20 : 229 239.
32. Goodman R (1997 The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 38 : 581 586.
33. Goswami U, Gambert JE de Barrera LF (1998 Children's orthographic representations and linguistic transparency: nonsense word reading in English, French and Spanish. Appl Psycholinguist 19 : 19 52.
34. Gray CT (1917 Types of reading ability as exhibited through tests and laboratory experiments. Suppl Educ Monogr 1 : 1 191.
35. Griffin DC, Walton HN Ives V (1974 Saccades as related to reading disorders. J Learn Disabil 7 : 310 316.
36. Grissemann H (2000 Zürcher Lesetest. Bern : Huber Verlag.
37. Heilmann KM, Voeller K Alexander AW (1996 Developmental dyslexia: a motor-articulatory feedback hypothesis. Ann Neurol 39 : 407 412.
38. Helenius P, Tarkiainen A, Cornelissen PL, Hansen PC Salmelin R (1999 Dissociation of normal feature analysis and deficient processing of letter-strings in dyslexic adults. Cereb Cortex 9 : 476 483.
39. Heller D (1979 Augenbewegungen bei legasthenischen und normal lesenden Kindern [Eye movements in dyslexic and normally reading children]. Z Exp Angew Psychol 187 : 106 115.
40. Hutzler F Wimmer H (2004 Eye movements of dyslexic children when reading in a regular orthography. Brain Lang 89 : 235 242.
41. Hyönä J Olson RK (1995 Eye fixation patterns among dyslexic and normal readers: effects of word length and word frequency. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 21 : 1430 1440.
42. Inhoff AW Rayner K (1986 Parafoveal word processing during eye fixations in reading: effects of word frequency. Percept Psychophys 40 : 431 439.
43. Küspert P Schneider W (1998 Würzburger Leise Leseprobe (WLLP). Göttingen : Hogrefe Verlag.
44. Landerl K (2001 Word recognition deficits in German: more evidence from a representative sample. Dyslexia 7 : 183 196.
45. Landerl K, Wimmer H Frith U (1997a The impact of orthographic consistency on dyslexia: a German-English comparison. Cognition 63 : 315 334.
46. Landerl K, Wimmer H Moser E (1997b Salzburger Lese- und Rechtschreibtest. Bern : Huber Verlag.
47. Lefton LA, Lahey BB Stagg DI (1978 Eye movements in reading in disabled and normal children: a study of systems and strategies. J Learn Disabil 11 : 549 558.
48. Legge GE, Ahn SJ, Klitz TS Luebker A (1997 Psychophysics of reading - XVI. The visual span in normal and low vision. Vision Res 37 : 1999 2010.
49. MacKeben M, Trauzettel-Klosinski S, Reinhard J, Dürrwächter U, Adler M Klosinksi G (2004 Eye movements control during single word reading in dyslexics. J Vis 4 : 388 402.
50. McConkie GW Rayner K (1975 The span of the effective stimulus during a fixation in reading. Percept Psychophys 17 : 578 586.
51. McConkie GW Zola D (1984 Eye movement control during reading: the effect of word units. In : Prinz W Sanders AT (eds). Cognition and Motor Processes. Berlin : Springer 63 74.
52. McConkie GW, Zola D, Grimes J, Kerr PW, Bryant NR Wolff PM (1991 Children's eye movements during reading. In : Stein JF (ed Vision and Visual Dyslexia. Boston, MA : CRC Press 251 270.
53. Meienberg O, Zangemeister WH, Rosenberg M, Hoyt WF Stark L (1981 Saccadic eye movement strategies in patients with homonymous hemianopia. Ann Neurol 9 : 537 544.
54. Miles E (2000 Dyslexia may show a different face in different languages. Dyslexia 6 : 193 201.
55. Nguyen NX, Weismann M Trauzettel-Klosinski S (2008 Improvement of reading speed after providing of low vision aids in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Acta Ophthalmol doi [Epub ahead of print].
56. O'Regan JK (1980 The control of saccade size and fixation duration in reading: the limits of linguistic control. Percept Psychophys 28 : 112 117.
57. Olson RK, Kliegl R Davidson BJ (1983 Dyslexic and normal readers' eye movements. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 9 : 816 825.
58. Olson RK, Conners FA Rack JP (1991 Eye movements in dyslexic and normal readers. In : Stein JF (ed Vision and Visual Dyslexia. Boston, MA : CRC Press, 243 250.
59. Pavlidis GT (1981 Do eye movements hold the key to dyslexia? Neuropsychologia 19 : 57 64.
60. Pavlidis GT (1991 Diagnostic significance and relationship between dyslexia and erratic eye movements. In : Stein JF (ed Vision and Visual Dyslexia, Boston, MA : CRC Press 263 270.
61. Prado C, Dubois M Valdois S (2007 The eye movements of dyslexic children during reading and visual search: impact of the visual attention span. Vision Res 47 : 2521 2530.
62. Pregel D Rickheit G (1987 Der Grundwortschatz im Grundschulalter. Hildesheim : Olms Verlag.
63. Price CJ, Wise R, Watson J, Patterson K, Howard D Frackowiak R (1994 Brain activity during reading - the effects of exposure duration and task. Brain 117 : 1255 1269.
64. Rack JP, Snowling MJ Olson R (1992 The non-word reading deficit in developmental dyslexia: a review. Read Res Q 27 : 29 53.
65. Radach R (1994 Elementare Prozesse der Informationsaufnahme beim Lesen. Z Exp Angew Psychol 202 : 37 63.
66. Rayner K (1978 Eye movements in reading and information processing. Psychol Bull 85 : 618 660.
67. Rayner K (1998 Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychol Bull 124 : 372 422.
68. Rayner K McConkie GW (1975 What guides a reader's eye movements? Vision Res 16 : 829 837.
69. Rayner K Pollatsek A (1989 The Psychology of Reading. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall.
70. Rubino CA Minden HA (1973 An analysis of eye movements in children with a reading disability. Cortex 9 : 217 220.
71. Rumsey JM, Andreason P, Zametkin AJ et al. (1994 Failure to activate the left temporoparietal cortex in dyslexia. An oxygen 15 positron emission tomography study. Arch Neurol 49 : 527 534.
72. Rumsey JM, Donohue BC, Brady DR, Nace K, Giedd JN Andreason P (1997 A magnetic resonance imaging study of planum temporale asymmetry in men with developmental dyslexia. Arch Neurol 54 : 1481 1489.
73. Salmelin R, Service E, Kiesilä P, Uurela K Salonen O (1996 Impaired visual word processing in dyslexia: revealed with magnetoencephalography. Ann Neurol 40 : 157 162.
74. Schmidt WA (1917 An experimental study in the psychology of reading. Suppl Educ Monogr 1 : 1 123.
75. Schulte-Körne G, Deimel W, Bartling J Remschmidt H (1999 The role of phonological awareness, speech perception, and auditory temporal processing for dyslexia. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 3 (Suppl. 3 28 34.
76. Schulte-Körne B, Deimel W Remschmidt H (2001 Zur Diagnostik der Lese- Rechtschreibstörung. Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother 2 : 113 116.
77. Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Pugh KR et al. (1998 Functional disruption in the organization of the brain for reading in dyslexia. Neurobiology 95 : 2636 2641.
78. Snowling MJ (1980 The development of grapheme-phoneme correspondence in normal and dyslexic readers. J Exp Child Psychol 2 : 294 305.
79. Snowling MJ (1981 Phonemic deficits in developmental dyslexia. Psychol Res 43 : 219 234.
80. Spache GD (1963 Diagnostic Reading Scales. New York, NY : McGraw Hill.
81. Stanley G Smith GA (1983 Eye movements and sequential tracking in dyslexic and control children. Br J Psychol 74 : 181 187.
82. Stark LW, Giveen SC Terdiman JF (1991 Specific dyslexia and eye movements. In : Stein JF (ed Vision and Visual Dyslexia. Boston, MA : CRC Press 203 232.
83. Starr MS Rayner K (2001 Eye movements during reading: some current controversies. Trends Cogn Sci 5 : 156 163.
84. von Suchodoletz W (1999 Jahre LRS-Forschung - was wissen wir heute? Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother 27 : 199 206.
85. Swan D Goswami U (1997 Phonological awareness deficits in developmental dyslexia and the phonological representations hypothesis. J Exp Child Psychol 66 : 18 41.
86. Tallal P (1980 Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children. Brain Lang 9 : 182 198.
87. Taylor SE, Franckenpohl H Pettee JL (1960 Grade Level Norms for Components of the Fundamental Reading Skills. Information Research Bulletin 3. Huntington, NY : Educational Developmental Laboratories.
88. Temple E, Poldrack RA, Salidis J, Deutsch GK, Tallal P, Merzenich MM Gabrieli DE (2001 Disrupted neural responses to phonological and orthographic processing in dyslexic children: an fMRI study. Neuroreport 12 : 299 307.
89. Teschner C, Tornow RP Trauzettel-Klosinski S (1995 Infrared limbus tracker and SLO: a direct combination of the two systems to record eye movements during reading. [ARVO Abstract.] Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36 : 352.
90. Tewes U, Rossmann P Schallenberger U (2001 HAWIK III: Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligenztest für Kinder, Dritte Auflage. Bern : Huber Verlag.
91. Trauzettel-Klosinski S Brendler K (1998 Eye movements in reading with hemianopic field defects: the significance of clinical parameters. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 236 : 91 102.
92. Trauzettel-Klosinski S, Teschner C, Tornow RP Zrenner E (1994 Reading strategies in normal subjects and in patients with macular scotoma - assessed by two new methods of registration. Neuroophthalmology 14 : 15 30.
93. Trauzettel-Klosinski S, MacKeben M, Reinhard J, Feucht A, Dürrwächter U Klosinski G (2002 Pictogram naming in dyslexic and normal children assessed by SLO. Vision Res 42 : 789 799.
94. Trauzettel-Klosinski S, Dürrwächter U, Klosinski G Braun C (2006 Cortical activation during word reading and picture naming in dyslexic and non-reading-impaired children. Clin Neurophysiol 117 : 1085 1097.
95. Wagner RK, Torgesen JK Rashotte CA (1994 Development of reading-related phonological processing abilities: new evidence of bidirectional causality from latent variable longitudinal study. Dev Psychol 30 : 73 87.
96. Warnke A (1999 Reading and spelling disorders: clinical features and causes. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 3 (Suppl. 3 2 12.
97. Wimmer H (1993 Characteristics of developmental dyslexia in regular writing systems. Appl Psycholinguist 14 : 1 33.
98. Wimmer H (1996 The non-word reading deficit in developmental dyslexia: evidence from children learning to read German. J Exp Child Psychol 61 : 80 90.
99. Wimmer H Goswami U (1994 The influence of orthographic consistency on reading development in English and German children. Cognition 51 : 91 103.